FAA Knowledge Test: What It Is and the Ultimate Study Guide for Student Pilots

If you’re working toward your pilot certificate, the FAA knowledge test is one milestone you can’t avoid. Also called the “written test,” it’s a computer-based exam that evaluates your understanding of essential aeronautical knowledge—like regulations, weather, navigation, and aircraft performance.

Passing the FAA knowledge test is required before you can take your checkride. It’s not just a formality—it’s proof that you’ve mastered the theory needed to fly safely and legally. The test applies to a range of certifications, including private pilot, commercial pilot, instrument rating, and others.

For most student pilots, the private pilot version of the test (PPL) is their first major written exam. Understanding what to expect and how to prepare can make the difference between passing on your first try—or facing delays in your training.

What Is the FAA Knowledge Test?

The FAA knowledge test is a standardized, multiple-choice exam administered by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) through PSI-authorized testing centers. It’s a required step in nearly every flight training path, including private, sport, instrument, and commercial certification.

Each version of the test is tailored to a specific certificate or rating. For example, the private pilot knowledge test (PPL) focuses on VFR (visual flight rules) flight, while the commercial or instrument versions dig deeper into advanced systems and regulations.

To take the FAA knowledge test, you must first complete ground school (either online or in-person) and receive an endorsement from a certified instructor or school. Without that sign-off, you won’t be allowed to schedule the test.

Format, Question Style, and Time Limits

The FAA knowledge test follows a clear structure:

• Private Pilot (Airplane) Test: 60 questions
• Time limit: 2 hours and 30 minutes
• Question type: Multiple choice, each with 3 answer options
• Delivery method: Computerized at FAA-authorized PSI testing centers

Questions are pulled from FAA databases but are randomly selected. No two students receive the exact same set of questions. Topics span everything from airspace classifications and flight planning to aeromedical factors and sectional chart interpretation.

You’ll also use the FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement, which includes charts, weather data, and performance figures referenced in the test. Getting familiar with this booklet in advance is critical—it’s the same one you’ll use during the exam.

What Subjects Are Covered?

The FAA knowledge test evaluates your grasp of multiple aeronautical subjects. For private pilot applicants, here are the core topic areas:

• Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) – rules on airspace, pilot limitations, flight rules, etc.
• Weather Theory & Reports – decoding METARs, TAFs, and understanding weather patterns
• Navigation & Charts – VFR sectional charts, airport diagrams, radio navigation, and magnetic variation
• Flight Planning & Performance – fuel calculations, cross-country planning, takeoff/landing distances
• Aerodynamics & Aircraft Systems – how planes fly, stability, control surfaces, engine systems
• Weight & Balance – determining aircraft load limits and proper center of gravity
• Aeromedical Factors – hypoxia, spatial disorientation, vision, and IMSAFE checklist
• Airport Operations – traffic patterns, right-of-way rules, signage, and lighting
• Emergency Procedures – handling engine failures, lost communications, and inflight decision-making

A solid FAA-certified ground school will cover all these areas in depth. Still, it’s your job to practice regularly until you’re scoring consistently high on practice tests.

When Should You Take the FAA Knowledge Test?

Most students take the FAA knowledge test after completing ground school and before beginning solo cross-country flights. The endorsement to sit for the exam usually comes from your instructor or from an online course provider once you’ve passed their internal quizzes.

Keep in mind: once you pass the test, your results are valid for 24 calendar months. That means you must complete your checkride within two years, or you’ll need to retake the written exam.

It’s smart to take the FAA knowledge test early—once you’re consistently scoring 85% or higher on practice exams. That way, it won’t delay your checkride, and the material will still be fresh when it’s time for your oral and flight test.

How to Study for the FAA Knowledge Test

Preparing for the FAA knowledge test is all about consistency and using the right materials. Most student pilots begin by choosing a structured ground school—either in person or online—that covers the complete FAA syllabus. Popular platforms like Sporty’s, King Schools, and Gleim offer self-paced options with practice exams and visual content.

Supplement your study with the FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement, which includes real-world chart excerpts, graphs, and performance tables used in the actual test. It’s critical to practice interpreting these materials, as many test questions will reference them.

Build a daily study routine. Set aside 30–60 minutes to review one or two subjects at a time. Use flashcards for acronyms and formulas. Take sectional quizzes, review missed questions, and track your average score. A good rule of thumb is to consistently score 85% or higher on practice exams before scheduling the real FAA knowledge test.

Sample Questions and Test-Taking Tips

Knowing what to expect on the FAA knowledge test can reduce anxiety and improve your performance. While specific questions are not released publicly, hundreds of similar examples circulate from former test takers and FAA practice banks.

Here’s a sample-style question:

What is the purpose of wing flaps?
A. Decrease drag
B. Increase lift during takeoff and landing
C. Allow for higher cruising speeds
Correct Answer: B

The best strategy? Use elimination. If you don’t know the answer immediately, rule out obvious wrong choices. Also, don’t rush—2.5 hours for 60 questions is plenty of time if you pace yourself and avoid overthinking.

Here are 3 quick tips to succeed:

1. Preview all answer choices before selecting one.
2. Know your charts and figures. These are guaranteed to show up.
3. Mark difficult questions for review and come back if time allows.

A calm, methodical approach gives you the best shot at acing your FAA knowledge test on the first try.

What Score Do You Need to Pass?

To pass the FAA knowledge test, you need a minimum score of 70%. That means correctly answering at least 42 out of 60 questions on the private pilot version. However, aiming for the bare minimum is risky—especially if you’re nervous or unfamiliar with the testing supplement.

Most successful students strive for 85%+ on multiple mock exams before attempting the real thing. That level of preparation ensures you don’t just pass but retain the knowledge for your oral exam and checkride.

What if you fail? Don’t panic. You’ll receive a test report showing exactly which topics you missed. After a short waiting period, you can retake the FAA knowledge test, but you’ll need another instructor endorsement and may incur an additional testing fee.

Where to Take the FAA Knowledge Test

The FAA knowledge test is administered through PSI testing centers, which are located across the U.S. You can schedule your exam online, select your nearest location, and choose from available dates and times.

On test day, you must bring:

• A valid, government-issued photo ID
• Your instructor’s endorsement or certificate of ground school completion
• Any required application forms or test authorization codes
• Familiarity with the FAA Testing Supplement provided at the center

The typical exam fee is around $175, and results are given immediately after you finish. If you pass, your test record becomes part of your IACRA profile and will be required when scheduling your checkride.

Final Checklist: Are You Ready to Pass?

Here’s a simple last-minute checklist to ensure you’re ready for the FAA knowledge test:

Checklist Item	Status
Completed ground school (in-person or online)	✔
Scoring 85%+ on 3+ consecutive practice tests	✔
Familiar with FAA charts, graphs, and weather data	✔
Understand METARs, TAFs, weight & balance	✔
Scheduled your PSI test with correct ID	✔
Brought your instructor endorsement or graduation cert	✔

Double-check your test location and documents the night before. A calm, prepared mindset and a solid study routine are your best tools for success.

Conclusion

The FAA knowledge test is more than just a hurdle—it’s a critical checkpoint in your journey toward becoming a safe, competent pilot. It tests not just memorization, but your ability to interpret information, apply judgment, and think like a future aviator.

By preparing strategically, using trusted study tools, and mastering the FAA’s official supplement materials, you’ll be in a strong position to pass the FAA knowledge test on your first attempt. More importantly, you’ll build the knowledge foundation needed for your oral exam, checkride, and real-world flying.

Train with Florida Flyers Flight Academy—an FAA-certified school offering structured ground school, expert instructors, and full prep for your FAA knowledge test. Get started today and pass with confidence.

FAQ: FAA Knowledge Test

Question	Answer
1. What is the FAA knowledge test?	It’s a written, multiple-choice exam required for most pilot certificates. The test evaluates your knowledge of aeronautical topics like weather, navigation, regulations, and aircraft systems.
2. Is the FAA knowledge test the same as the written test?	Yes. The FAA knowledge test is often called the “written test,” although it’s taken on a computer at an authorized PSI testing center.
3. When should I take the FAA knowledge test?	Most student pilots take it after completing ground school but before solo cross-country flights. The test result is valid for 24 months.
4. How do I schedule the FAA knowledge test?	You can register and schedule the exam online. Choose a PSI-approved testing location near you.
5. What topics are covered on the FAA knowledge test?	It includes regulations, weather, flight planning, aerodynamics, charts, aircraft performance, and more—aligned with FAA training objectives.
6. What score do I need to pass the FAA knowledge test?	A score of 70% or higher is required to pass. Most students aim for 85%+ in practice to ensure success on test day.
7. What if I fail the FAA knowledge test?	You’ll receive a report showing which subject areas need improvement. After reviewing and getting a new endorsement, you can retake the test.
8. Is there a difference between the private and commercial FAA knowledge tests?	Yes. Each certification level (Private, Instrument, Commercial) has a unique version of the FAA knowledge test tailored to its required topics.
9. Can I use a calculator or reference materials during the FAA knowledge test?	Yes. The testing center provides an FAA-approved calculator and the Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement, which includes required charts and figures.
10. How long is the FAA knowledge test?	The private pilot version includes 60 questions with a 2.5-hour time limit. Other tests vary slightly based on the certificate or rating.

Don’t just aim to pass—aim to understand. Because when it comes to flying, what you know can save your life.

Contact the Florida Flyers Flight Academy Team today at (904) 209-3510 to learn more about how to transfer flight schools.