ⓘ TL;DR
- Zizindikiro pabwalo la ndege zimatsatira njira yokhwima ya mtundu wa FAA: Zofiira popereka malangizo ofunikira, Zakuda/Zachikasu popereka malo, ndi Zachikasu/Zakuda popereka malangizo.
- Zizindikiro zovomerezeka zophunzitsira (Chiyambi chofiira, mawu oyera) zimawonetsa malo olumikizirana msewu wa ndege ndi malo oletsedwa kumene kumafunika chilolezo cha ATC.
- Zikwangwani za malo zimauza oyendetsa ndege komwe ali pabwalo la ndege. "Wachikasu pa Wakuda ndiye komwe muli" ndiye chothandizira kukumbukira.
- Zizindikiro zoyendetsera ndege ndi komwe zikupita zimatsogolera ndege mosamala pakati pa misewu ya taxi, misewu yothamangira ndege, ndi malo okwera ndege panthawi yoyenda pansi.
- Kumvetsetsa zizindikiro m'malo okwerera ndege kumateteza kuukira kwa msewu wa ndege ndipo kumawonjezera chitetezo cha ma taxi m'malo omwe anthu sakuona bwino kapena m'malo omwe magalimoto ambiri amadutsa.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
Wokwera ndege akuthamanga kudutsa pa siteshoni ya ndege waphonya ndege yolumikizira chifukwa adakhota molakwika pa khonde lomwe linalibe chizindikiro chowonekera. Woyendetsa ndege akuyendetsa taxi kupita ku bwalo la ndege lomwe likugwira ntchito waphonya malangizo oti achedwe ndipo wadutsa njira ya ndege yomwe ikubwera. Zolephera zonsezi zimachokera ku chifukwa chomwecho: zizindikiro pabwalo la ndege malo omwe amatumikira omvera awiri osiyana kotheratu, ndi zotsatira za kusokoneza dongosolo limodzi ndi lina.
Anthu ambiri amangoona mbali ya okwera, ma board akuluakulu a pamwamba, manambala a zipata, ndi mivi yotengera katundu. Amaganiza kuti ndizo zonse zomwe zizindikiro za pa eyapoti zili. Mbali yoyendetsa imagwira ntchito pa chilankhulo chosiyana, pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zamitundu ndi mawu ofupikitsidwa omwe amawoneka ngati code kwa diso losaphunzitsidwa. Machitidwe awiriwa amakhala pamodzi pa phula limodzi komanso pamalo amodzi, koma safanana chilichonse.
Nkhaniyi ikugwirizanitsa maiko onse awiri. Muphunzira mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya zizindikiro zomwe FAA imalamula woyendetsa ndege aliyense ayenera kuzidziwa, momwe zizindikiro zopezera anthu oyenda zimasiyanirana ndi zizindikiro zoyendetsera woyendetsa ndege, komanso chifukwa chake kumvetsetsa dongosolo lonse kumapatsa oyendetsa ndege mwayi wothandiza panthawi yophunzira. Cholinga si kungokumbukira, koma ndi mtundu wa kuzindikira komwe kumakutetezani pansi.
Chifukwa Chake Zizindikiro Pabwalo la Ndege Zimatumikira Anthu Awiri Nthawi Imodzi
Chikwangwani chomwecho chomwe chimauza wokwera kumene angapeze katundu sichithandiza kwa woyendetsa galimoto yemwe akupita ku bwalo la ndege. Kupsinjika kumeneko ndi vuto lalikulu la zizindikiro m'malo okwerera ndege, ndipo anthu ambiri sazindikira chifukwa amangoona mbali imodzi yokha ya dongosololi.
Zikwangwani zopezera anthu oyenda zimaika patsogolo kumveka bwino kwa anthu osazolowereka. Zimagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zazikulu, zizindikiro zapadziko lonse, ndi zilankhulo zambiri chifukwa munthu amene akuziwerenga amakhala ndi nkhawa, amasokonezeka, ndipo mwina akuyang'ana foni akuyenda. Zikwangwani zimenezi zimapachikidwa pakhoma ndipo zimasintha nthawi iliyonse akamakonzanso.
Zizindikiro za oyendetsa ndege zimagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. FAA imafuna mitundu, zidule, ndi malo ake kuti woyendetsa ndege athe kuyang'ana chikwangwani chomwe chikuyenda pa liwiro la taxi ndikudziwa komwe chili. Chofiira chimatanthauza kuyima. Wachikasu chimatanthauza komwe chili. Wakuda wokhala ndi mawu achikasu amatanthauza kuti apa ndi pomwe muli. Palibe malo otanthauzira chifukwa mtengo wa kusamveka bwino umayesedwa m'miyoyo.
Machitidwe onsewa amakhala pamodzi pa phula limodzi komanso mkati mwa nyumba imodzi yolumikizirana. Mapangidwe abwino kwambiri a zizindikiro za pabwalo la ndege amakhudza omvera onse awiri popanda kusokoneza aliyense, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuposa momwe zimamvekera. Chikwangwani chomwe chimagwira ntchito kwa woyendetsa ndege wamtunda wa mamita makumi atatu sichingawonekere kwa wokwera amene akuyenda kudutsa.
Mapulogalamu ophunzitsira oyendetsa ndege omwe amanyalanyaza zenizeni za omvera awiriwa amasiya ophunzira osakonzekera ntchito zenizeni za taxi. Florida Flyers Flight Academy imamanga machitidwe onse awiri mu maphunziro kuyambira tsiku loyamba, kuphunzitsa ophunzira kuwerenga zizindikiro zoyendetsera ndege komanso kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika pa zizindikiro za okwera omwe adzakumane nazo panthawi yogwira ntchito pa eyapoti. Cholinga chake ndi kuzindikira zokha za zizindikiro za pa eyapoti zomwe zimatumikira ambuye awiri nthawi imodzi.
Zizindikiro Zisanu ndi Chimodzi za Bwalo la Ndege Zomwe Woyendetsa Ndege Aliyense Ayenera Kuzindikira
Oyendetsa ndege ambiri amatha kutchula mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya zizindikiro pa mayeso olembedwa, koma luso lenileni ndi kuziwerenga pa liwiro la 20 knots panthawi ya taxi yovuta. FAA imatanthauzira magulu asanu ndi limodzi a zizindikiro. zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za bwalo la ndege, iliyonse ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imalankhula lamulo kapena malo enaake. Kukumbukira mitunduyo ndiye poyambira. Kuizindikira pamene ikupanikizika ndiye mayeso.
- Zizindikiro zovomerezeka zophunzitsira, maziko ofiira, zolemba zoyera
- Zizindikiro za malo, maziko akuda, mawu achikasu
- Zizindikiro zoyendetsera, maziko achikasu, mawu akuda
- Zizindikiro za komwe mukupita, maziko achikasu, mawu akuda
- Zizindikiro za chidziwitso, maziko achikasu, mawu akuda
- Zizindikiro zotsala pa mtunda wa msewu wothamanga, maziko akuda, manambala oyera
Dongosolo la utoto silikukongoletsa. Zizindikiro zovomerezeka zokhala ndi kumbuyo kofiira zimawonetsa malo omwe woyendetsa ndege sangathe kulowa popanda chilolezo chowonekera, malo oimikapo msewu, ndi malire ofunikira. Zizindikiro zokhala ndi kumbuyo kofiira zimapereka chitsogozo koma osati ulamuliro. Kusiyana pakati pa chizindikiro chofiira ndi chizindikiro chachikasu ndi kusiyana pakati pa kuyima ndi kupitiriza.
Maphunziro a oyendetsa ndege payekha ndi oyendetsa ndege amalonda amayesa chidziwitsochi mwachindunji. Mayeso olembedwa a FAA amaphatikizapo mafunso okhudza kuzindikira zizindikiro, ndipo mayeso oyeserera amawunika ngati wophunzira angathe kuwerenga zizindikiro panthawi ya taxi mosazengereza. Oyendetsa ndege omwe amadutsa nthawi zonse ndi omwe adayesa njira yojambulira mitundu mpaka itakhala yodziwikiratu, osati omwe adakumbukira matanthauzo usiku watha.
Momwe Zizindikiro za Msewu Zimaletsera Kugwa kwa Masoka
Nthawi yoopsa kwambiri paulendo nthawi zambiri imachitika mawilo asanachoke pansi. Kuukira kwa ndege, pamene ndege, galimoto, kapena munthu alowa m'malo otetezeka a ndege popanda chilolezo, kumakhalabe chimodzi mwa ziwopsezo zazikulu za chitetezo cha ndege, ndipo zizindikiro pabwalo la ndege ndiye chitetezo choyamba komanso chachangu kwambiri motsutsana nazo.
Zizindikiro zovomerezeka zogwiritsira ntchito malangizo zimagwiritsa ntchito mawu oyera pa maziko ofiira, mtundu womwewo monga momwe zilili ndi chikwangwani choyimitsa msewu chachizoloweziZizindikiro zimenezi zimasonyeza malo oimirira, malo olowera ku bwalo la ndege, ndi malo ofunikira kumene woyendetsa ndege ayenera kuyima popanda chilolezo chodziwikiratu kuti apitirize. Kunyalanyaza chimodzi si vuto laling'ono, ndi njira yolunjika yopita ku ngozi ya magalimoto omwe akufika kapena omwe akupita.
Zizindikiro za malo zimagwira ntchito yosiyana. Chiyambi chakuda, mawu achikasu. Zimauza woyendetsa ndege ndendende msewu wa ndege kapena msewu wa taxi womwe ali. Kusiyana kumeneku ndi kwadala: zizindikiro zofunika zimafuna kuchitapo kanthu, zizindikiro za malo zimapereka chitsimikizo. Woyendetsa ndege amene amawerenga mtunduwo asanalembe mawuwo amachotsa chisokonezo chomwe chimachitika kawirikawiri pa taxi yothamanga.
Izi si chidziwitso chobisika. Ku Florida Flyers Flight Academy, ophunzira amachita machitidwe a taxi pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni yomwe imawakakamiza kuwerenga mitundu yonse ya zizindikiro motsatizana. Cholinga chake ndi kuzindikira kokha, mtundu wa zisankho zomwe zimaletsa kuukira kusanayambe. Woyendetsa ndege amene akuzengereza pa chizindikiro cholamula chovomerezeka wataya kale mwayi wotetezeka.
Zovuta zake n'zosamveka bwino. Chizindikiro chilichonse chomwe chili pabwalo la ndege chilipo kuti pakhale kumvetsetsana pakati pa woyendetsa ndege ndi wowongolera ndege. Kulakwitsa powerenga chimodzi, kumvetsetsa kumeneko kumaphwanyidwa.
Zizindikiro Zoyendera Anthu Oyenda Panjira vs. Zowunikira Anthu Oyendetsa Ndege
Kusiyana pakati pa zizindikiro za okwera ndi woyendetsa ndege sikuti ndi za amene amawerenga, koma ndi za zomwe zimachitika wina akawerenga molakwika. Wokwera amene waphonya chikwangwani cha pachipata amayenda mphindi zina zisanu. Woyendetsa ndege amene walakwitsa kuwerenga chikwangwani cha taxi angayambitse kulowerera kwa msewu wonyamukira ndege komwe kumayika bwalo lonse la ndege. Machitidwe awiriwa ali ndi malo ofanana koma amagwira ntchito motsatira njira zosiyana kwambiri.
Machitidwe a Zizindikiro za Pa eyapoti Poyerekeza
Kufotokozera mbali ndi mbali momwe zizindikiro zoyendera ndege zimasiyanirana pa cholinga, kapangidwe, ndi omvera.
| Umunthu | Zizindikiro Zopezera Anthu Oyenda | Zizindikiro Zoyendetsera Woyendetsa Ndege |
|---|---|---|
| cholinga | Longolerani anthu oyenda pansi kupita ku zipata, malo otengera katundu, zimbudzi, ndi mautumiki ena | Kuyenda kwa ndege mwachindunji m'misewu ya taxi ndi misewu yothamangiramo; sungani malo ogwirira |
| Makina Ojambula | Zosinthasintha, chizindikiro cha kampani, mawu osiyana kwambiri, zizindikiro, zilankhulo zambiri | Lamulo la FAA: lofiira/loyera potengera lamulo, lakuda/lachikasu potengera malo, lachikasu/lakuda potengera komwe likupita |
| Kusinthaku | Maso ali pakhoma, atapachikidwa padenga, pafupi ndi malo olembera ndi malo olowera | Pansi pa bwalo la ndege, nsanamira zazitali kwambiri pafupi ndi misewu ya taxi, zojambulidwa pa msewu |
| Ndani Amawerenga | Apaulendo, alendo, ogwira ntchito pa eyapoti, aliyense amene akudutsa pa terminal | Oyendetsa ndege, ogwira ntchito pansi, oyang'anira magalimoto a ndege, akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe amawerenga kaye mtundu wa zinthu |
Zizindikiro za okwera zimapatsa diso losaphunzitsidwa bwino mawonekedwe ake. Amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zizindikiro zodziwitsa mfundo zomwe zikufotokoza mfundo monga kupezeka kwa TSA PreCheck. Zizindikiro za woyendetsa ndege zimathandizira kuti munthu azindikire mofulumira pamene akupanikizika, mtundu umakuuzani zomwe mungachite ubongo wanu usanayambe kulemba. Dongosolo la okwera anthu lapangidwa kuti likhale losavuta. Dongosolo la woyendetsa ndege lapangidwa kuti lipulumuke.
Kuwerenga Zizindikiro za Msewu Pamodzi ndi Zizindikiro
Zikwangwani zimauza woyendetsa ndege komwe ayenera kuyima ndi komwe ayenera kutembenukira. Zizindikiro za msewu wothamanga zimatsimikizira malo panthawi yovuta kwambiri yonyamuka ndi kutera. Woyendetsa ndege amene amawerenga dongosolo limodzi lokha amakhala akuuluka mosasamala theka la nthawi.
Zizindikiro zomwe zili pamalo onyamulira ndege sizikongoletsa. Ndi chilankhulo chowoneka bwino chomwe chimagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi zizindikiro zamitundu pa malo onse olumikizirana ndi mzere wogwirira. Pamodzi, amapanga mzere wotsimikizira wopitilira womwe umasunga ndege pamalo oyenera pa gawo lililonse la kuyenda.
Zizindikiro za Khomo ndi Malo Othamangitsidwa
Pafupi ndi pomwe msewu woti ugwiritsidwe ntchito umayambira. bala loyera la chitseko m'lifupi mamita khumi chizindikiro ichi m'lifupi mwa msewu wonse wa ndege. Pamene khomo la msewu lasunthidwa, mivi yoyera imadutsa pakati kuyambira pachiyambi cha msewu kupita ku mzere wolowera, ndipo mitu yoyera ya mivi imawonekera patsogolo pa mzere wolowera.
Zizindikirozi zimauza woyendetsa ndege kuti malo omwe ali patsogolo pa malire sakupezeka kuti atera, ngakhale kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito poyendetsa taxi ndi kukwera. Kusamvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku kwapangitsa kuti malo otera akwere kwambiri zomwe palibe chizindikiro chomwe chikanaletsa.
Mzere wapakati ndi Malo Oyang'anira
Mzere wapakati ndi mzere woyera wodulidwa womwe umadutsa kutalika konse kwa msewu wonyamulira ndege. Ndiwo chizindikiro chachikulu cha woyendetsa ndege panthawi yonyamulira ndege ndi kuphulika kwa ndege. Zizindikiro za malo owunikira ndi mabuloko awiri akulu oyera amakona anayi omwe ali pamtunda wa mamita 1,000 kuchokera pakhomo.
Zizindikirozi zimagwira ntchito ziwiri zosiyana. Mzere wapakati umasunga ndegeyo motsatira njira yolowera ndege. Malo olunjika amapatsa woyendetsa ndegeyo chandamale chowoneka bwino akamayandikira, chizindikiro chokhazikika chomwe chimaletsa cholakwika chofala chotera nthawi yayitali kapena yaifupi.
Zizindikiro za Malo Olowera
Zizindikiro za malo otsetsereka ndi mipiringidzo yoyera yamakona anayi yoyikidwa molingana mbali zonse ziwiri za mzere wapakati. Zimayambira pamalo olunjika ndikubwerezanso pamtunda wa mamita 500, nthawi zambiri zimatambasuka mamita 3,000 pansi pa msewu wonyamulira.
Zizindikiro zimenezi zimauza woyendetsa ndege kumene mawilo ayenera kukumana ndi msewu. Pa nthawi yophunzira, ophunzira amaphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za malo otsetsereka ngati chizindikiro chowunikira nthawi yawo yoyaka moto komanso kuchuluka kwa kutsika, osati kungoyang'ana m'maso.
Zizindikiro mu Bwalo la Ndege Zimene Maphunziro a Ndege Amaphunzitsa
Ophunzira ambiri oyendetsa ndege amaganiza kuti kukumbukira mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya zizindikiro ndi gawo lovuta. Vuto lenileni ndi kuphunzitsa maso anu kuti aziwerenga mothamanga kwambiri pamene mukuyang'anira mawayilesi, kuyang'ana chithunzi cha bwalo la ndege, komanso kuyang'ana magalimoto apansi. Kusiyana pakati pa kudziwa ndi kuchita ndi komwe maphunziro okonzedwa bwino a ndege amapeza phindu lake.
Sukulu ya pansi imafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za mtundu wa FAA. Ophunzira amaphunzira kuti kufiira kumatanthauza kuyima, wakuda wokhala ndi chikasu kumatanthauza kuti muli pano, ndipo wachikasu wokhala ndi mdima kumatanthauza kuti mukupita uku. Magawo apadera amagwiritsa ntchito zenizeni. zithunzi za bwalo la ndege ndi zochitika zoyeserera za taxi kuti mupange mawonekedwe a mtundu wowerengera musanawerenge.
Maphunziro awiriwa amatenga chidziwitso cha mkalasi kupita ku bwalo lenileni la ndege. Mphunzitsi amaloza chikwangwani chilichonse pa nthawi ya taxi, zomwe zimapangitsa wophunzirayo kunena tanthauzo lake asanapititse patsogolo mphamvu yake. Kuwonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza kumeneku pansi pa zochitika zenizeni ndi komwe kumasintha mfundo zomwe zakumbukiridwa kukhala khalidwe lokha. Ophunzira omwe amatha kubwereza mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya zizindikiro kuchokera m'buku amaimabe pamene chikwangwani cholamula chikuwonekera pa nthawi ya taxi yotanganidwa.
Bungwe Lodzifufuza ku Florida Flyers Flight Academy likutanthauza kuti ophunzira amatenga mayeso awo Mtengo wa FAA pamalopo. Woyesa akuyembekezera kuzindikira zizindikiro nthawi yomweyo panthawi ya mayeso othandiza, ndipo njira yophunzitsira imakulirakulira motsatira muyezo womwewo kuchokera pa phunziro loyamba. Palibe mwayi wina woti muwerenge molakwika chizindikiro chogwira ntchito.
Zolakwika Zowerengera Zizindikiro Zofala ndi Momwe Mungapewere
Ngakhale oyendetsa ndege odziwa bwino ntchito yawo amawerenga molakwika zizindikiro za pa eyapoti pamene kuthamanga kwa mpweya kwa taxi kukukwera. Cholakwika sichikhala chakuti sadziwa kuti chizindikirocho chilipo, koma ndi chakuti amawerenga kaye chizindikiro cholakwika cha masomphenya panthawi yochepa.
Pamaso: Woyendetsa galimoto pa taxi yothamanga akuona chikwangwani chakuda chokhala ndi mawu achikasu ndipo amaganiza kuti ndi chikwangwani cholozera komwe kukupita. Ubongo umagwira kusiyana kwa mitundu ndikuthamanga nacho. Woyendetsa galimotoyo amatembenukira pamalo omwe akupezeka kuti ndi msewu wotsekedwa chifukwa chikwangwanicho chinali chizindikiro cha malo chomwe chikutsimikizira komwe kuli, osati chizindikiro cholozera komwe angapite.
Pambuyo pake: Werengani mtundu kaye, kenako lembalo, kenako chithunzi cha bwalo la ndege. Chiyambi chachikasu chokhala ndi mawu akuda chimatanthauza komwe mukupita kapena komwe mukupita. Chiyambi chakuda chokhala ndi mawu achikasu chimatanthauza komwe mukupita, muli pano, osati komwe mukupita. Kuyang'ana mozungulira chithunzi cha bwalo la ndege musanachitepo kanthu kumasintha kulowerera komwe kungachitike kukhala malo otsimikizika.
Chizolowezi chowerenga mtundu uwu chimaphunzitsidwa ndi ophunzira panthawi yophunzira kuyendetsa ndege ku Florida Flyers Flight Academy mpaka chitakhala chodziwikiratu. Kusiyana pakati pa taxi yotetezeka ndi kulowera mumsewu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokha momwe mumagwirira mitundu iwiri.
Zizindikiro za Bwalo la Ndege la Master Musanayambe Kukhala Nokha
Zizindikiro m'malo okwerera ndege si nkhani yomwe mungakwanitse kuphunzira mutangoyenda. Kusiyana pakati pa taxi yodalirika ndi kuyima mosokonezeka pamzere woyima kumadalira ngati mumawerenga mtunduwo musanalembe, ndipo reflex imeneyo iyenera kukhala yodziwikiratu musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zowongolera zokha.
Ola lililonse lomwe mumakhala kusukulu yapansi pokumbukira mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya zizindikiro limabwezera kuchepa kwa chidziwitso panthawi yovuta kwambiri youluka. Wophunzira amene akuzengereza chizindikiro chofunikira ndi wophunzira amene sanaphunzirepo bwino. Bwalo la ndege silichepetsa liwiro chifukwa chozengereza, ndipo zotsatira za chizindikiro cholakwika zimawonjezeka mofulumira kuposa momwe kukonza kulikonse kungakonzere.
Sankhani pulogalamu yoyendera ndege yomwe imaona zizindikiro za pa eyapoti ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri osati ngati chinthu chowunikira. Oyendetsa ndege omwe amayendetsa magalimoto ovuta popanda kuswa njira zawo zowunikira ndi omwe adaphunzira kaye njira ya utoto, kenako ndi mawu ofupikitsa, komanso chizolowezi chofufuza ndi chithunzi cha eyapoti chomaliza. Ndondomeko imeneyo ndi yomwe imapangitsa woyendetsa ndegeyo kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuyendetsa ndege m'malo molemba pansi.
Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Zizindikiro Pabwalo la Ndege
Kodi zizindikiro 6 za bwalo la ndege ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zisanu ndi chimodzi za pabwalo la ndege zomwe zafotokozedwa ndi FAA ndi zizindikiro zovomerezeka zophunzitsira, zizindikiro za malo, zizindikiro zoyendetsera, zizindikiro zoyendetsera, zizindikiro zodziwitsa, ndi zizindikiro zina zotsala za mtunda wa msewu wonyamukira ndege. Mtundu uliwonse umagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yofiira ndi yoyera poyimitsa kofunikira, yakuda ndi yachikasu poyimitsa, ndi yachikasu ndi yakuda poyimitsa, kuti oyendetsa ndege athe kuzindikira cholinga cha chizindikirocho asanawerenge zomwe zalembedwazo.
Kodi mitundu inayi ya mipata ya ndege ndi iti?
Mitundu inayi ya misewu yonyamukira ndege ndi misewu yowonera, misewu yosalondola ya zida, misewu yolondola ya zida, ndi misewu yoyambira, iliyonse imafotokozedwa ndi zothandizira zoyendera zomwe zilipo poyandikira. Msewu wowonera ndege ulibe njira yolowera zida ndipo umadalira kwambiri woyendetsa ndege kuti awone misewu yonyamukira ndege, pomwe misewu yolondola ya zida imathandizira kuti misewu ifike pamalo osawoneka bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi zowongolera.
Kodi mitundu ya zizindikiro ndi iti?
Zizindikiro za pabwalo la ndege zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: zizindikiro zopezera anthu oyenda ndi zizindikiro zoyendera ndege, chilichonse chomwe chimapangidwira wogwiritsa ntchito komanso malo osiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro za anthu oyenda zimagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zilankhulo zingapo pamalo owonera, pomwe zizindikiro za anthu oyendetsa ndege zimagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ndi zidule za FAA zomwe zimayikidwa pabwalo la ndege kuti zizindikirike mwachangu panthawi ya taxi.
