Indawo Engahambi: Iyini nokuthi Kungani Ibalulekile Ekuphepheni Kwezindiza

Izingozi zasemhlabathini ezikhumulweni zezindiza azivamile ukuqala ezinkundleni zezindiza. Ziqala ezindaweni wonke umuntu acabanga ukuthi ziphephile, lapho izindiza zipaka khona, zilayisha futhi zithulula khona.

Indawo engahambi lapho kwenzeka khona iningi lomsebenzi wansuku zonke wesikhumulo sezindiza. Yilapho futhi umugqa phakathi kokuphepha nokungaphephile ufiphala khona. Iningi labaqondisi libheka lokhu njengencazelo elula yokukhumbula ukuze kwenziwe isivivinyo. Lokho akuliqondi nhlobo iphuzu.

Lesi sihloko sichaza indawo engahambi, sichaza izimpawu ezihlukanisa nemigwaqo yamatekisi esebenzayo kanye nemigwaqo yezindiza, futhi sihlanganisa imithetho yokushayela kanye nezidingo zokuqinisekisa ezigcina wonke umuntu enkundleni yezindiza ephephile. Ukuqonda lo mngcele akuyona into yokufunda. Umehluko phakathi kosuku olujwayelekile kanye nokuhlasela kwemigwaqo yezindiza.

Umngcele Ogcina Izindiza Ziphephile

Indawo Engahambiyo iyingxenye yesikhumulo sezindiza lapho izindiza, izimoto, kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo besebenza khona ngaphandle imvume yokulawula ithrafikhi yendizaLokhu kufaka phakathi izindawo zokuma, ama-aproni, nezindawo zokupaka lapho abaphathi bomhlaba beqondisa khona izindiza kanye nemithwalo yemithwalo, izindawo lapho umbhoshongo ungenalo igunya lokunyakaza.

Ukudideka kuqala ngoba umngcele ophakathi kwale ndawo nendawo yokuhamba awubonakali emehlweni angaqeqeshiwe. Umshayeli ophatha yonke inkundla yezindiza njengendawo eyodwa evulekile ungumshayeli ozogibela emgwaqweni wetekisi ngaphandle kwemvume. Yileyo ndlela izigameko zomhlaba eziba ngayo ukungenela emzileni wendiza.

The umngcele wendawo yokunyakaza ichazwa ngezimpawu ezithile ezidwetshwe ngopende, imigqa emibili ephuzi, eyodwa eqinile nenye enedeshibhodi, ezitshela abashayeli bezindiza nabashayeli ukuthi ukulawula kushintshela kuphi kusuka kumqhubi wesikhumulo sezindiza kuya ku-ATC. Ukuwela lowo mugqa onedeshibhodi ngaphandle kwemvume akuyona iphutha elincane lamaphepha. Kuwukwephulwa kokuphepha okumisa ukusebenza.

Ukwazi lo mehluko kushintsha indlela wonke umuntu enkundleni yezindiza ahamba ngayo. I-ejenti ye-ramp eqonda umngcele ayicabangi ukuthi ingashayela noma kuphi. Ima emgqeni, iqinisekise indawo yayo, futhi iqhubeke kuphela uma imithetho ivuma. Lowo mkhuba owodwa uvimbela isigaba esivame kakhulu sengozi yasemhlabathini.

Ubani Olawula Indawo Engahambi?

Umbono oyingozi kakhulu enkundleni yezindiza ukuthi ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi yezindiza kulawula yonke isentimitha yokuhamba ngezinyawo. Akunjalo. Indawo engahambi ingaphansi komthetho womqhubi wesikhumulo sezindiza, hhayi ama-ATC. Lo mehluko awuyona into eyimfihlo kahulumeni, unquma ukuthi ubani okunika imvume yokuhamba nokuthi kwenzekani uma ungenayo.

Kubashayeli bezindiza abaphuma emzileni wendiza, ushintsho lushesha futhi luphelele. Ukuwela imingcele yendawo engashukumi kusho ukushiya ukulawula okuqondile kwe-ATC. Umqhubi wesikhumulo sezindiza ubeka imithetho endaweni yokuma kanye ne-apron. Abasebenzi basemgwaqweni kanye nabashayeli bezimoto babika emnyangweni wokusebenza wesikhumulo sezindiza, hhayi embhoshongweni. I-ATC ayikwazi ukukuvumela ukuthi uhambe kule ndawo ngoba ayilawuli.

Lokhu kudala iqiniso lokusebenza elithile kuwo wonke umuntu ophansi. Umshayeli wemoto osendaweni yokuma kumele alandele incwadi yokushayela yesikhumulo sezindiza futhi athole imvume yokushayela evela kubaphathi besikhumulo sezindiza. Umshayeli wendiza osunduza esuka esangweni kumele asebenzisane nabasebenzi basemhlabeni, hhayi umbhoshongo. ukuhlukaniswa kwesifunda kusho ukuthi izinqubo zokuxhumana ziyashintsha ngokushesha nje lapho uwela lowo mngcele.

Umphumela ongokoqobo ulula. Uma usendaweni engashukumi futhi udinga ukuthutha, awushayi ucingo kumbhoshongo. Ushayela ucingo kubaphathi bomhlaba besikhumulo sezindiza noma ulandele izinqubo zendawo. Okuphazamisayo lolu chungechunge lomyalo yindlela izimoto ezigcina ngayo emigwaqweni yamatekisi ngaphandle kwemvume.

Izimpawu Ezihlukanisa Ukunyakaza Nokungesiwo Ukunyakaza

Umbono oyingozi kakhulu enkundleni yezindiza ukuthi umugqa odwetshiwe umane nje uyisiphakamiso. Umngcele wendawo engahambi, imigqa emibili ephuzi, owodwa oqinile nomunye onamachashazi, uyisithiyo esisemthethweni nesisebenzayo esishaywa indiva abashayeli bezindiza nabashayeli ngengozi yabo.

Umugqa ophuzi oqinile uhlala ohlangothini lwendawo yokunyakaza. Umugqa ophuzi omfushane uhlala ohlangothini lwendawo engashukumi. Uma usondela usuka endaweni yokuma, umugqa omfushane yilowo umshayeli awuwela kuqala. Ukuwela usuka ohlangothini olunemigqa uye ohlangothini oluqinile kusho ukungena endaweni elawulwa yi-ATC ngaphandle kwemvume. Yileso sikhathi lapho ingozi yomhlaba iba khona ukungena emzileni wendiza.

Lezi zimpawu zichazwe ku- Incwadi Yolwazi Lwezindiza ye-FAA, kodwa izinto eziningi zokuqeqesha zibheka njengombhalo waphansi. Umphumela walokho kuqapha ungalinganiswa emibikweni ecishe iphuthelwe. Umshayeli weloli likaphethiloli okhumbula ngekhanda ukwakheka kwerempu kodwa angalokothi afunde ukuthi imigqa emibili ephuzi isho ukuthini, uyisibopho sokuphepha esilinde isikhashana sokuphazamiseka.

Ukumakwa komngcele akushintshi phakathi kwezikhumulo zezindiza. Iphethini efanayo eqinile nenezingqimba ivela kuzo zonke izinkundla eziphakeme e-United States. Lokho kuvumelana yikona okubalulekile. Umshayeli wendiza ofika esikhumulweni sezindiza esingajwayelekile angathembela ekumakweni ukuze azi kahle ukuthi igunya le-ATC liqala kuphi. Umshayeli ophatha yonke imigqa ephuzi ngendlela efanayo akakwazi.

Ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwe-solid ne-dashed akuyona umbuzo wokuhlola. Kungumugqa ophakathi kokusebenza okuvamile komhlabathi kanye nokubiza umbhoshongo okungekho muntu ofuna ukuwenza.

Imithetho Yokushayela Endaweni Engahambi

Imithetho elawula ukusebenza kwezimoto endaweni engashukumi ayizona iziphakamiso, iyindlela yokugcina yokuzivikela ngaphambi kokuba ingozi yomhlaba ibe yindawo yokungena emzileni wendiza. Wonke umshayeli osemgwaqweni kumele afunde lezi zinqubo ngoba imiphumela yephutha ilinganiswa emonakalweni wendiza kanye nokuphepha kwabantu.

• Umkhawulo wejubane elingu-15 mph kuma-ramp
• Umkhawulo wesivinini esingu-5 mph eduze kwamasango nezindiza
• Nikeza ilungelo lokungena kuzo zonke izindiza nezimoto eziphuthumayo
• Akukho ukuma noma ukupaka ngaphakathi kwamamitha angu-25 ukusuka endizeni
• Akuvunyelwe ukushayela ungaphansi kwethonya lanoma iyiphi into edakayo
• Isidingo sokuqinisekiswa kokushayela esikhumulweni sezindiza okusebenzayo
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezibani zangaphambili ngaso sonke isikhathi, emini noma ebusuku
• Akusetshenziswa amadivayisi eselula ngenkathi ushayela

Lokho okushiwo yile mithetho kuyisimiso esisodwa: indiza ihlala inezinto eziza kuqala. Imikhawulo yesivinini iphansi ngoba isikhathi sokuphendula siyikho konke uma isihloko sephiko noma isivinini senjini sisezinyaweni zemoto yakho. Umthetho wokungami ukhona ngoba imoto emile iba yisithiyo esingalindelwanga abashayeli bezindiza kanye nabasebenzi basemhlabeni.

Buyekeza Incwadi yokuqeqesha indawo engashukumi yasePensacola ukuze uthole amagama aqondile isikhumulo sezindiza sakho esingase silandele. Bese uhamba ngesitimela nomphathi ngaphambi kokushayela wedwa. Imithetho ilula. Akunjalo.

Okudingwa Yindawo Engashukumi Eqhuba Ukuvunyelwa

Ukuthola indawo engashukumi eqhuba ukuvunyelwa kuyinqubo enezinyathelo ezine iningi labasebenzi basesikhumulweni sezindiza eliyijaha ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuthi yini ngempela esengozini. Ukuvunyelwa kukhona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ungakwazi ukusebenzisa imoto ephepheni ngaphandle kokudala ingozi ezindizeni, emaqenjini asemhlabeni, kanye nawe. Ukweqa ukuqonda ngemuva kwesinyathelo ngasinye yindlela abashayeli abagcina ngayo beqa imingcele ngaphandle kwemvume.

Isinyathelo 1. Qedela uhlelo lokuqeqesha oluvunyiwe lwesikhumulo sezindiza, oluhlanganisa ukwakheka kwenkundla yakho yezindiza, indawo yazo zonke imingcele yendawo engashukumi, kanye nemithetho yokuvumela izindiza. Izikhumulo zezindiza eziningi zinikeza lolu qeqesho ngomnyango wazo wokusebenza noma imodyuli eku-inthanethi esekelwe ku ukushayela esikhumulweni sezindiza incwadi yokuqeqesha. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa esikhumulweni sezindiza esisodwa kuya kwesinye, yonke inkundla yezindiza inezindawo ezihlukile ezishisayo nezindawo ezinqunyelwe.

Isinyathelo 2. Phasa isivivinyo esibhaliwe esihlola ulwazi lwakho ngezimpawu zendawo engahambi, imikhawulo yesivinini, kanye nezinqubo zokuxhumana nomqhubi wesikhumulo sezindiza. Isivivinyo sivame ukufaka imibuzo esekelwe ezimweni mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze lapho indiza ibuya esangweni noma lapho uhlangana nomugqa womngcele oqinile noqhekekile. Ukwehluleka kulesi sivivinyo kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa okusebenzayo.

Isinyathelo 3. Bonisa amakhono okushayela asebenzayo endaweni engashukumi ngaphansi kokuqashelwa ngumqeqeshi oqinisekisiwe noma abasebenzi abasebenza esikhumulweni sezindiza. Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuhamba endaweni yokuma ngaphandle kokuma ezindaweni ezivinjelwe, uhambisane kahle nezindiza, futhi ugcine isivinini esifanele eduze kwamasango nezindawo zokufaka uphethiloli. Umqeqeshi uzofuna ukungabaza noma ukuzethemba ngokweqile, kokubili kuyizimpawu ezibomvu.

Isinyathelo 4. Thola ibheji lakho lokushayela elikhishwe esikhumulweni sezindiza noma isiqinisekiso, esivame ukusebenza isikhathi esibekiwe ngaphambi kokuba kudingeke ukuvuselelwa. Ibheji kumele iboniswe ngokusobala ngenkathi usebenzisa noma iyiphi imoto enkundleni yezindiza. Ngaphandle kwayo, awugunyaziwe ukushayela noma kuphi endaweni engashukumi.

Ukuqedela le nqubo kuvula ikhono lokuhamba ngokukhululeka nangokuphepha ephepheni ngaphandle kokudinga ukubhekwa njalo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kwakha inkumbulo yemisipha edingekayo ukuze ime emngceleni ofanele njalo.

Ukudideka Okuvamile: Indawo Engashukumiyo vs. Indawo Yokunyakaza

Umbono oyingozi kakhulu enkundleni yezindiza ukuthi i-apron iyindawo yamahhala lapho noma iyiphi imoto ingahamba khona ngaphandle kwemingcele. Umshayeli oqeda ukulethwa kokudla ubona indlela evulekile enqamula irempu bese eyithatha, engalokothi ahlole ukuthi leyo ndlela idlula yini umngcele iye endaweni yokuhamba.

Umshayeli wetekisi uqonda esangweni futhi uqhubeka edlula umugqa ophuzi oqinile, ecabanga ukuthi imithetho efanayo isebenza yonke indawo. Lezi zikhathi zenkululeko yokucabanga yilapho kuqala khona ukungena okungagunyaziwe emigwaqweni yamatekisi nasezindleleni zokugijima.

Ngaphambi: Umshayeli noma umshayeli wendiza uphatha lonke i-apron njengendawo eyodwa lapho ukunyakaza kuvunyelwe khona ngaphandle kwemvume. Babona izindiza zimile, izimoto zihamba, futhi bacabanga ukuthi umqondo ofanayo usebenza yonke indawo. Umphumela uba imoto ewela endaweni yokunyakaza ngaphandle kocingo olulodwa lomsakazo, okudala ingxabano esheshayo nethrafikhi efikayo noma ehambayo.

Ngemuva kwalokho: Wonke umshayeli nomshayeli wendiza bayaqonda ukuthi indawo engahambi iphelela emingceleni. Ukuwela lowo mugqa ophuzi oqinile nonamachashazi kudinga imvume ecacile ye-ATC, ngisho nasemotweni yesikhumulo sezindiza ekhethiwe. Umphumela uba inkundla yezindiza ehlelekile lapho yonke intshukumo ewela umngcele ihlanganiswa khona, futhi ingozi yokungena emzileni wendiza yehla kakhulu.

Ukudideka akukhona ukwazi incazelo. Kumayelana nokuqonda ukuthi izimpawu zomngcele azizona iziphakamiso, ziwumugqa ophakathi kwendawo elawulwayo nendawo engalawulwayo.

Izindawo Ezingabandakanywanga Endaweni Engahambi

Umcabango oyingozi kakhulu isisebenzi sasesikhumulweni sezindiza esingawenza ukuthi indawo engahambi ihlanganisa konke ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza yesikhumulo sezindiza. Imigwaqo yezindiza, imigwaqo yamatekisi, kanye nezindawo zokuphepha ezihlobene nazo zingaphandle kwemingcele yayo, futhi okudidayo ngalezo zindawo ukuthi izimoto zomhlaba zigcina kanjani lapho kungafanele zibe khona.

Irempu noma i-apron yindawo engahambi. Indlela yetekisi ayihambi. Umehluko uphelele futhi uchazwa yigunya le-ATC, hhayi ngombala wendlela noma ukusondela kwesiteshi. Wonke umshayeli osebenza enkundleni yezindiza kumele azi ukuthi lapho amasondo ewela esuka e-apron eya endleleni yetekisi, imithetho yokuhamba iyashintsha ngokuphelele.

The incazelo yendawo engashukumi okuvela emithonjeni yezomthetho kwenza lo mngcele ucace: umboza izindawo zokuma, ama-apron, kanye neminye imigwaqo yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-AOA, kodwa awufaki ngokusobala yonke indawo esetshenziselwa ukuthutha izindiza ngamatekisi, ukusuka kanye nokufikaIzindawo zokuphepha eziseduze nemigwaqo yezindiza nazo azifakiwe ngoba zisebenza njengezindawo ezivikelwe lapho kungekho moto okufanele ibe khona ngaphandle kwemvume eqondile ye-ATC.

Lokhu kukhishwa akulona iqiniso eliyinkimbinkimbi. Kungumugqa ophakathi kokusebenza okuvamile komhlabathi nesigameko esingabikwa. Umshayeli wenqola yemithwalo ophatha yonke inkundla yezindiza njengendawo eyodwa ekugcineni uzowela lowo mugqa engazi.

Yazi Indawo Engahambi Ukuze Uhlale Uphephile

Wonke umsebenzi wasesikhumulweni sezindiza manje ubona indawo engashukumi njengoba injalo ngempela: umngcele wokuphepha ofuna inhlonipho, hhayi indawo yokuhamba ngokukhululekile. Umehluko phakathi komhlaba olawulwayo nongalawulwayo umehluko phakathi kokushintsha okuvamile kanye nophenyo lokungena kwendiza.

Ukwenza lokhu kuqonda kushintsha izinqumo zansuku zonke. Umshayeli onqikaza emugqeni ophuzi oqinile noqhekekile esikhundleni sokuwela ngaphandle kokucabanga uvimbela isimo esiqondile esiholela ezingozini zomhlaba. Lokho kungabaza akukhona ukuqapha, kuwukukwazi.

Buyekeza izinto zokuqeqesha ezithile zesikhumulo sezindiza sakho kuleli sonto. Hamba ngezimpawu zomngcele endaweni yakho yokuma. Phatha yonke imigqa njengendawo eqinile yokuma uze uthole imvume yokuwela. Umthetho ulula. Izindleko zokungayinaki azinjalo.