Intshayelelo kwii-Airplane Propellers
Ihlabathi lezophapho lisaqhubeka limangalisa ngoomatshini bayo abantsonkothileyo kunye nokulula okuhle kwesayensi yalo. Embindini wenqwelomoya jikelele, umntu unokufumana ipropeller yenqwelomoya, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo enoxanduva sithatha ihambisa inqwelo moya phambili. Esi sikhokelo siya kuphonononga undoqo weepropela zeenqwelomoya, sikhanyisela indima yazo engundoqo kunye nobugocigoci bokusebenza kwazo.
Imbali yee-propellers zeenqwelomoya iqalela kwiintsuku zokuqala zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, apho oovulindlela abanje nge Abazalwana bakaWright ulinge ngeendlela zokuqhubela phambili. Ukusukela ngoko, ukuvela kwee-propellers kuye kwafana nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yenqwelomoya. Ngokunyuka kweenjini zejethi, iipropeller zihlala zibalulekile kwiimeko ezininzi zokubhabha, ngakumbi ezincinci, inqwelomoya-injini yepiston.
Ukuqonda ubuchwephesha kunye noyilo lweepropeller zenqwelomoya kubalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo kushishino, nokuba ngabaqhubi, iinjineli, okanye abathanda. Esi sikhokelo sijolise ekunikeni amagqabantshintshi abanzi, siqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayazibamba iziseko kwaye bayayixabisa inzululwazi entsonkothileyo eyenza la macandelo aqhubeke ebhabha.
Iziseko zeePropeller zeenqwelomoya
Iipropela zeenqwelo-moya zisenokubonakala zilula, kodwa ziyimveliso yobunjineli obuntsonkothileyo. Ipropeller ngokuyimfuneko i ifoyile yomoya, ngokufana nephiko, elithi xa lijikeleziswa, lidala umahluko kuxinzelelo lomoya. Lo mahluko kuxinzelelo wenza i-thrush, iqhubela inqwelo moya phambili.
Icwecwe ngalinye lepropeller liyilwe ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Ubume, ubungakanani, kunye ne-engile - okanye 'i-pitch' - yeencakuba zizo zonke izinto ezimisela ukuba ipropeller inokuguqula njani amandla e-injini abe yithrazi. Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iipropellers ziye zavela ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukusuka kwiplanga ukuya kwintsimbi kwaye ngoku ukuya kwizinto ezidibeneyo ezinika amandla, ukuqina, kunye nobunzima obuncitshisiweyo.
Ukongeza kwii-blades, i-hub ye-propeller iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo. Isebenza njengendawo yoqhagamshelwano esembindini yeencakuba kwaye incamathele ipropeller kwinjini yenqwelomoya. I-hub kufuneka imelane nemikhosi eyenziwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwaye yenzelwe ukujongana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokunyuka kunye nokusebenza.
Inzululwazi ngasemva kweePropeller zeenqwelomoya
Ukusebenza kweepropeller zeenqwelomoya kulawulwa ngu imigaqo-moya. Xa i-injini ijika i-propeller, i-blade nganye ihamba emoyeni ize ivelise ukuphakama, ngendlela efanayo nendlela iphiko elivelisa ngayo ukuphakama. Oku kunyuswa, okujoliswe kwicala lokujikeleza, kuguqulela kwi-thrust ngenxa ye-angle ethathiweyo yeeblades.
Umgaqo kaBernoulli idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwepropeller. Ithi ukunyuka kwesantya solwelo kwenzeka ngaxeshanye kunye nokuncipha koxinzelelo. Njengoko ii-propeller blades zijikeleza, zikhawuleza umoya, zenze indawo ephantsi yoxinzelelo phambi kwepropeller kunye nommandla woxinzelelo oluphezulu emva kwayo. Lo mahluko woxinzelelo utyhala inqwelomoya phambili.
Ukusebenza kwe-propeller kukwaphenjelelwa yingqikelelo 'ye-engile yohlaselo,' eyi-engile phakathi komgca we-chord wencakuba kunye nomoya ohambelanayo. I-engile ye-blade yohlaselo kufuneka iphuculwe ukuze kuthintelwe iimeko ezingafunekiyo ze-aerodynamic ezifana nestall, apho ukuhamba komoya kwahlula kumphezulu we-blade kwaye kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle.
Iintlobo zeePropeller zeenqwelomoya
Ulwahlukano kuyilo lubonakalisa ummandla weepropela zenqwelomoya, ngohlobo ngalunye olulungiselelwe usetyenziso oluthile kunye neempawu zenjini. I-Fixed-pitch propellers, eyona ndlela ilula, inamacangca abekwe kwi-angle engaguqukiyo. Ezi ziqhelekileyo kwiinqwelomoya ezilula ngenxa yokulula kwazo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
Iipropeli eziguquguqukayo kwelinye icala, zivumela umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ukuba alungelelanise ibala lencakuba ukuze lilungele iimeko zokubhabha. Oku kuguquguquka kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphuculweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, kunye nokukwazi ukugcina i-RPM ye-injini efanelekileyo kuluhlu lweemeko. Iipropellers ezihlala rhoqo, i-subtype ye-variable-pitch propellers, ilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo i-pitch ukuze igcine i-RPM eqhubekayo, inikezela ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neenzuzo zokusebenza.
Iipropela ezinentsiba lolunye uhlobo, oluyilelwe ikakhulu iinqwelomoya ezineenjini ezininzi. Kwimeko yokusilela kwe-injini, ezi propellers zinokulungelelaniswa kwindawo enciphisa ukutsalwa kwe-aerodynamic, inceda ekugcineni ulawulo kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokutyibilika.
Zisebenza njani iiPropeller zeenqwelomoya
Ukusebenza kwee-propellers zenqwelomoya yi-symphony yefiziksi kunye nobunjineli, ukuguqulela intshukumo ejikelezayo kwintshukumo yomda we-thrust. Xa umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ehlengahlengisa i-throttle, injini ikhupha amandla angakumbi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ipropeller ijikeleze ngesantya esiphezulu. Njengoko isantya sokujikeleza sinyuka, ngokunjalo nesantya somoya siyashukunyiswa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutyhaleni okukhulu.
Kwi-variable-pitch-pitch kunye ne-performing-speed propellers, umqhubi wenqwelomoya okanye irhuluneli ezenzekelayo inokulungelelanisa i-blade pitch. Ngokwandisa i-pitch, ii-blades zidibana nomoya kwi-engile enkulu, enokuthi inyuse i-thrust kodwa ifuna amandla angakumbi e-injini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunciphisa i-pitch kunciphisa i-engile kunye nomthwalo kwi-injini, enokuba luncedo ngexesha lokuseta amandla asezantsi njengokuhla.
Indlela inqwelo-moya esebenza ngayo ngokufanelekileyo idla ngokulinganiswa ngomlinganiselo wayo wangaphambili, ongumlinganiselo wesantya sokuya phambili senqwelo-moya ukuya kutsho kwincam yesantya sepropela. Abaqulunqi bajonge ukukhulisa lo mlinganiselo ukuze uhambelane neempawu zokusebenza ezinqwenelekayo kwinqwelomoya ethile.
Ukubaluleka kweePropeller zeenqwelomoya kwiFlight
Iipropela zeenqwelo-moya azikho nje iincakuba ezisontayo; zibalulekile kwimiba emininzi yokubhabha. Ebudeni bokunduluka, banikela umxhesho oyimfuneko wokoyisa i-inertia kunye nokurhuqa, ukuvumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ifikelele kwisantya esifunekayo ukuze iphakame. Kwinqwelomoya yokubhabha, iipropeller kufuneka zinikeze ukusebenza okufanayo ukugcina umphakamo kwaye isantya somoya.
Ukuguquguquka kweepropellers kukwabonakala kwigalelo lazo ekusebenzeni kwenqwelomoya. Ngokutshintsha amanqanaba okutyhala kwenqwelo-moya yaye, kwimeko yee-propellers eziguquguqukayo, ukulungelelanisa ii-engile zeencakuba, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bayakwazi ukuyilawula inqwelo-moya enyukayo, ekuhleni kwayo, nesantya sayo ngokuchanileyo. Oku kuziqhelanisa kubaluleke kakhulu ngezigaba ezifana nokufika, apho ulawulo lwesantya kunye nesantya sokuhla lubalulekile.
Kwiinqwelomoya zeenjini ezininzi, iipropellers zinegalelo kukhuseleko. Ukuba injini isilele, ukukwazi ukufeba ipropeller kwi-injini engasebenziyo kunokuba luphawu olusindisa ubomi. Inciphisa ukutsala kwaye ivumela ulawulo olungcono njengoko inqwelo-moya iqhutywa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kunye neenjini zokusebenza eziseleyo.
Ukuqonda iMechanics ye-Airplane Propellers
Ukungena nzulu kubuchwephesha beepropeller zenqwelomoya kubonisa ukudibana okuntsokothileyo phakathi kwamandla ohlukeneyo kunye nezinto zoyilo. I-twist ecaleni kobude bencakuba ye-propeller ayifani; iyancipha ukusuka kwi-hub ukuya kwincam. Olu luyilo luqinisekisa ukuba icandelo ngalinye lencakuba linegalelo ngokulinganayo ukutyhala, njengoko incam ihamba ngokukhawuleza kunengcambu kwaye ngenye indlela iya kuvelisa ukunyuswa okungalinganiyo.
Isenzeko 'sepropeller slipstream' ngomnye umba obalulekileyo wobuxhakaxhaka bepropeller mechanics. Ukujikeleza kweencakuba zepropela kudala ipateni ejiyileyo yokuhamba komoya eyaziwa ngokuba yi-slipstream, enokuthi ibe nefuthe kwi-aerodynamics yenqwelo-moya, ngakumbi kumphezulu womsila. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka baqonde kwaye balindele ezi ziphumo ukugcina ulawulo olugudileyo.
I-Torque kunye ne-P-factor yimikhosi eyongezelelweyo engena. I-Torque lutyekelo lwenqwelomoya ukuqengqeleka kwelinye icala lokujikeleza kwepropeller ngenxa Umthetho wesithathu kaNewton. I-P-factor, okanye i-asymmetric blade effect, iyenzeka xa inqwelo-moya ikwi-angle ephezulu yokuhlaselwa, ibangela ukuba elinye icala le-disc ye-propeller livelise ukutyhala ngaphezulu kwelinye. Ukuhlawulela la mandla yinxalenye yesakhono somqhubi wenqwelomoya.
ULondolozo kunye noKhuseleko lweePropeller zeenqwelomoya
Ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kweepropeller zenqwelomoya kuxhomekeke kugcino olunenkathalo kunye nokubambelela kwimigaqo yokhuseleko. Uhlolo lwesiqhelo lubalulekile ukuchonga kunye nokulungisa nayiphi na imiba efana ne-nick, i-dents, i-corrosion, okanye iintanda ezinokubeka esichengeni isidima sesakhiwo se-blades okanye i-hub.
Ukulungelelanisa yenye inkqubo ebalulekileyo yokugcina. I-propeller engalungelelananga inokukhokelela ekushukumeni okungabangeli ukungonwabi kuphela kodwa kunokukhokelela kukusilela koomatshini kwenye indawo kwinqwelo-moya. Ukulinganisa kubandakanya ukulungelelanisa ukuhanjiswa kobunzima bepropeller ukuze ijikeleze kakuhle ngaphandle kokubangela uxinzelelo olungafanelekanga kwi-injini kunye ne-airframe.
Ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yomenzi kunye nemigaqo yezophapho ayinakuthethathethwana. Oku kumisela imigangatho yamathuba olondolozo, iinkqubo zokulungisa ngokutsha, kunye nemida yokusebenza. Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi bolondolozo lubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba wonke umntu obandakanyekayo ekunyamekeleni iipropela zeenqwelomoya uxhotyiswe ngolwazi nezakhono zamvanje.
Izinto ezintsha kwiTekhnoloji ye-Airplane Propeller
Intsimi yetekhnoloji ye-propeller ye-airplane ayimi ndawonye; iyaqhubeka nokuguquka, iqhutywa kukufuna ukusebenza kakuhle, ukusebenza, kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo. Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zihamba phambili kolu tshintsho, zinika ukonga ubunzima kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-aerodynamics ngelixa ugcina amandla kunye nokuqina.
Ukuqhubela phambili kuyilo oluncediswa yikhompyuter kunye nokuveliswa kukhokelele kwimilo yepropeller echane ngakumbi kwaye entsonkothileyo, elungiselelwe iimfuno ezithile zokusebenza. Izinto ezintsha ezifana neeblades ezimile okwe-scimitar, ezijika zijonge kwincam, zibonise isithembiso ekunciphiseni ingxolo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ukufakwa kombane kwiinkqubo zokuqhubela phambili yenye indawo yophuhliso. Iinjini zombane zinokunika amandla ii-propellers, zivula indlela yokuzola, ezinye iindlela ezicocekileyo kuneenjini zokutsha eziqhelekileyo. Ezi teknoloji zisebuncinaneni bazo kodwa zibambe amandla abalulekileyo kwikamva lokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya.
isiphelo
Njengoko sijonge kumda wenqwelomoya, ukubaluleka kweepropela zeenqwelomoya kuhlala kungancipha. Zibubungqina bobuchule beenjineli zangaphambili nezangoku kunye necandelo eliphambili kwikamva lokubhabha. Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso luthembisa ukuzisa izinto ezintsha eziya kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-propeller, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nokwandisa ukhuseleko.
Uhambo olusuka kuyilo olusisiseko lwenkulungwane yama-20 ukuya kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zanamhlanje yingxelo ephawulekayo yenkqubela phambili. Ngokuhambela phambili kwemathiriyeli kunye nobuchwepheshe, kudityaniswa nokuqonda okunzulu kwe-aerodynamics, iipropeller zeenqwelomoya ziya kuqhubeka ziyinto ebalulekileyo kummandla wophapho.
Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neKhosi yeSikolo saBucala esiLingayo.
