Amurka ita ce jagorar duniya a cikin horon matukin jirgi, jawo hankalin masu sha'awar jiragen sama daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Tare da makarantun jirgin sama na duniya, sararin samaniya daban-daban, da tsattsauran ra'ayi na Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya (FAA) ƙa'idodin, Amurka tana ba da shirye-shiryen horarwa da aka tsara waɗanda ke shirya matukin jirgi don ayyuka daban-daban a cikin jirgin sama.
Zaɓi hanyar horar da matukin jirgi mai kyau yana da mahimmanci, saboda kowane shiri an keɓe shi da maƙasudin aiki daban-daban. Ko horo don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama masu zaman kansu, ayyukan jirgin sama na kasuwanci, ko aikin soja, fahimtar zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su na taimaka wa matukin jirgi su yanke shawara.
FAA tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita horon matukin jirgi, tabbatar da aminci da daidaito a duk makarantun jirgin. Shirye-shiryen horarwa a Amurka yawanci suna bin ka'idodin Sashe na 61 ko Sashe na 141, kowannensu yana da fa'idodi daban-daban dangane da bukatun mutum.
Wannan jagorar ta bincika nau'ikan horarwar matukin jirgi daban-daban da ake samu a cikin Amurka, yana taimaka wa masu tukin jirgi na gaba su yi tafiyarsu zuwa sararin samaniya.
Horon matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa (PPL)
Horon matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa shine mafi yawan wuraren shigarwa don masu neman jirgin sama a Amurka. A Lasisin Pilot mai zaman kansa (PPL) yana bawa mutane damar sarrafa jirgin sama don dalilai na sirri da na nishaɗi, amma ba don riba ta kasuwanci ba. Wannan matakin tushe ne ga waɗanda ke neman ƙwararrun ƙwararrun matukin jirgi, wanda ya mai da shi ɗayan mafi mahimmancin nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi a Amurka.
Bukatun horo da cancanta
Don samun PPL, matukin jirgi dole ne su kammala aƙalla:
- Awanni 40 na tashi a ƙarƙashin FAA Part 61 ko 35 hours ƙarƙashin Sashe na 141.
- Haɗin koyarwa biyu, tashi kawai, tashi da dare, da kewayar ƙasa.
- Makarantun ƙasa da ke rufe yanayin yanayi, dokar iska, shirin jirgin sama, da kuma aerodynamics.
- Gwajin ilmin rubuce-rubuce da jarrabawar jirgin sama (dubawa) tare da mai jarrabawar FAA.
Halayen Sana'a da Iyakoki
Lasisin matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa baya barin matukan jirgi su tashi don hayar, amma shine mabuɗin hawan dutse zuwa manyan takaddun shaida. Yawancin matukan jirgi na ɗalibi suna amfani da PPL ɗin su don samun gogewa kafin haɓaka zuwa Lasisin Pilot Commercial (CPL). Hakanan yana bawa mutane damar yin tafiya tare da fasinjoji, hayar jirgin sama, da shiga ayyukan jiragen sama kamar daukar hoto na sama, jiragen sama na agaji, da tashi masu sha'awa.
Horon Pilot Commercial (CPL)
Ga waɗanda ke neman juya tashi zuwa sana'a, Horon Pilot Commercial shine mataki na gaba. A Lasisin Pilot Kasuwanci (CPL) bukatu ne don samun kudin shiga a matsayin matukin jirgi, yana mai da shi daya daga cikin nau'ikan horar da matukan jirgi da ake nema a Amurka.
Wannan takaddun shaida yana bawa matukan jirgi damar yin aiki iri-iri, gami da ayyukan haya, zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kamfanoni, binciken sararin sama, da koyarwar jirgi.
Bukatun horo da Dokokin FAA
Don cancanta ga CPL, ɗalibai dole ne su cika waɗannan buƙatun horo na FAA:
- Jimlar awoyi 250 na tashi a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 61 ko awanni 190 ƙarƙashin Sashe na 141.
- Ƙarin ƙwarewa a cikin hadaddun jirgi, tashi da dare, ƙayyadaddun motsi, da hanyoyin gaggawa.
- Kammala jarrabawar ilimin FAA da bincike tare da wanda aka keɓance na FAA.
- Ƙimar Instrument (IR) ana ba da shawarar sosai, saboda yawancin ayyukan kasuwanci suna buƙatar tashi a cikin yanayi daban-daban.
Hanyoyin Sana'a Bayan CPL
CPL kadai ba ta cancanci matukan jirgi suyi aiki ga manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama ba, amma babban mataki ne ga lasisin tukin jirgin sama (ATPL). Yawancin matukan jirgi suna gina ƙwarewa a matsayin Certified Instructors Flight Instructors (CFI) ko a cikin ƙananan ayyukan haya don biyan mafi ƙarancin jirgin sama. Sauran damar aiki sun haɗa da:
- Piloting na Kamfani da Masu zaman kansu
- Ayyukan Cargo da Yarjejeniya
- Binciken Jirgin Sama da Banner Towing
- Aikin Noma da Bush Flying
Horon Tukin Jirgin Sama (ATPL)
Ga matukan jirgi da ke da niyyar ba da umarni ga jiragen sama na kasuwanci, Horon Pilot na Jirgin Jirgin Sama shine mataki na ƙarshe kuma mafi ci gaba. The Lasin Jirgin Jirgin Jirgin Sama (ATPL) bukatu ne ga kyaftin a cikin ayyukan jirgin sama, yana mai da shi ɗayan mahimman nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi a Amurka.
Ba kamar takaddun shaida na baya ba, horo na ATPL ba kawai game da tara sa'o'in jirgin ba ne - yana mai da hankali kan yanke shawara na ci gaba, jagoranci, da ayyuka masu tsayi. Dole ne matukan jirgi su cika tsauri dokokin FAA, Ciki har da:
- Jimlar sa'o'in jirgin sama 1,500, yana rufe takamaiman gogewa a cikin tashi da dare, zirga-zirgar jiragen ƙasa, da yanayin kayan aiki.
- Riƙe Lasisin Pilot Commercial (CPL) da Ƙimar Kayan aiki (IR).
- Kammala horo na musamman akan haɗin gwiwar ma'aikata da yawa, ayyukan jiragen sama, da sarrafa jiragen sama masu inganci.
- Wuce jarrabawar ilimin FAA ATPL da bincike tare da mai jarrabawa.
Yawancin matukan jirgi sun fara aikinsu na jirgin sama a matsayin Jami'an Farko tare da a Ƙuntataccen ATPL (R-ATPL) kafin cika cikakkun buƙatun ATPL. Da zarar an tabbatar da su, damammaki suna fadada sosai, yana baiwa matukan jirgi damar cancantar manyan mukaman kyaftin na jirgin sama, matsayin jagoranci na kamfanonin jiragen sama, da ayyukan jirgin sama mai nisa.
Idan aka yi la'akari da sarkakkiyansa, horon ATPL ya fito a matsayin ɗayan mafi tsananin nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi a Amurka, yana buƙatar ba kawai ƙwarewar fasaha ba har ma da dabarun yanke shawara.
Koyarwar Malaman Jirgin Sama (CFI, CFII, MEI)
Ga masu neman jirgin sama da yawa masu neman jirgin sama, Horon Instructor na Jirgin yana aiki azaman hanyar aiki da dabarun gina sa'o'in tashi. Koyar da wasu don tashi ba kawai yana inganta ƙwarewar matuƙin jirgin ba amma yana haɓaka tafiyarsu don biyan buƙatun ƙwarewar FAA don manyan takaddun shaida.
Zama a Ƙwararrun Malamin Jirgin Sama (CFI) babban zaɓi ne, saboda yana bawa matukan jirgi damar samun lokacin tashi mai mahimmanci yayin samun kuɗin koyarwa. Koyaya, akwai ƙimar malamai da yawa, kowanne yana ba da ƙwarewa daban-daban:
Ingantattun Malamin Jirgin Sama (CFI): Yana ba da izinin matukan jirgi don horar da ɗaliban da ke aiki zuwa ga Lasisin Pilot mai zaman kansa (PPL) ko Lasisin Pilot Kasuwanci (CPL).
Ingantattun Malaman Jirgin Sama - Kayan aiki (CFII): Yana mai da hankali kan koyar da matukan jirgi yadda ake sarrafa jirgin sama cikin ƙarancin gani da yanayin kayan aiki.
Mai koyar da Injiniya da yawa (MEI): Ya cancanci malamai don horar da ɗalibai a cikin jirgin sama mai injuna da yawa, fasaha mai mahimmanci don ayyukan jirgin sama da kasuwanci.
Bayan tarin sa'o'in jirgin, koyarwa yana ba da wasu fa'idodi na dogon lokaci. Yawancin CFIs suna ci gaba da tabbatar da matsayinsu a shirye-shiryen jirgin sama na jami'a, makarantun horar da FAA, ko cibiyoyin horar da jiragen sama na kamfanoni. Bugu da ƙari, tun da masana'antu na fuskantar karuwar bukatar masu koyar da jirgin sama, zama CFI yana ba da tsaro da sassaucin aiki.
Ga matukan jirgin da ke son hanzarta aiwatar da ci gaban aikinsu, Horon Malaman Jirgin ya kasance ɗayan mafi inganci nau'ikan horarwar matukin jirgi a cikin Amurka, tare da haɗa ƙwarewar hannu tare da hanyar kai tsaye zuwa ayyukan jiragen sama.
Horar da Ƙimar Instrument (IR).
Jagorar ƙa'idodin jirgin sama (IFR) mataki ne mai mahimmanci don zama ƙwararren matukin jirgi. Ƙididdiga na Instrument (IR) yana bawa matukan jirgi damar tashi a cikin ƙananan yanayin gani, kamar hazo, gajimare, ko ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, ta amfani da kayan kida kawai don kewayawa. Tun da ƙalubalen da ke da alaƙa da yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin jirgin sama, horar da IR shine ɗayan mahimman nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi a Amurka.
Bukatun horo da ka'idojin FAA
Don samun Ƙimar Instrument (IR), matukin jirgi dole ne su cika ka'idodin horo na FAA, gami da:
- Sa'o'i 50+ na zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a matsayin matukin jirgi-in-umarni (PIC).
- 40+ hours na horo na kayan aiki, mai da hankali kan kewayawa, sadarwa, da hanyoyin gaggawa.
- ƙetare Gwajin Ƙididdiga na Ƙididdiga na Kayan Aikin FAA da ingantaccen bincike.
Wannan ci gaban horo yana tabbatar da matukin jirgi na iya aiki cikin aminci yanayin da ba na gani ba, yana sa su ƙware da aiki.
Fa'idodin Sana'a da Fa'idodin Tsaro
Riƙe Ƙimar Kayan aiki galibi sharadi ne don ayyukan zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kasuwanci, kamar yadda yawancin kamfanonin jiragen sama da sassan jiragen sama na buƙatar ƙwarewar IFR. Hatta matukan jirgi masu zaman kansu suna amfana daga IR, saboda yana inganta amincin jirgin sosai, sassauci, da damar aiki.
Ganin tasirinsa a kan kwararrun masifa da na mutum, horar da kayan aiki ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan horar da matuka a Amurka, kayan aikin matukan jirgi da ake buƙata don ayyukan tsere.
Horar da Ƙimar Injiniya da yawa (ME).
Yayin da matukan jirgi ke ci gaba a cikin ayyukansu, ikon sarrafa jirage masu injuna da yawa ya zama mahimmanci. Ƙididdigar Injiniya da yawa (ME) tana ba da damar matukan jirgi su tashi jiragen sama da injin sama da ɗaya, buɗe dama a cikin kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasuwanci, zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kamfanoni, da ayyukan haya. Ganin cewa yawancin jiragen sama na ci gaba suna da injuna da yawa, horar da injina da yawa wani muhimmin sashi ne na nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi a Amurka.
Mahimman Bambance-bambance: Injiniya Daya-daya vs. Koyarwar Injiniya da yawa
Tashi jirgin sama mai injuna da yawa yana buƙatar sabbin ƙwarewa da dabaru, kamar:
- handling asymmetric matsa lokacin da injin ya gaza.
- Ƙwararren ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwarar ƙwarar ) , tuntuɓi mai saukarwa , da kuma saurin tafiya.
- hankali Multi-engine aerodynamics, sarrafa wutar lantarki, da hanyoyin gaggawa.
Tunda jiragen saman injina da yawa sun fi sauri kuma sun fi rikitarwa, dole ne matukan jirgi su kammala horon da FAA ta amince da su kuma su wuce duba tafiya don samun Rating Multi-Engine su.
Fa'idodin Sana'a na Ƙimar Injiniya da yawa
Ana buƙatar Rating Multi-Engine don yawancin kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasuwanci, kaya, da ayyukan jet na kamfanoni. Hakanan yana buɗe kofofin zuwa ayyuka a cikin binciken jirgin sama, tilasta bin doka, da sabis na haya mai zaman kansa.
Ga matukan jirgin da ke neman ci gaba da ayyukansu cikin sauri, horo na ME yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi a cikin Amurka, yana ba da dama ga ayyukan jiragen sama masu biyan kuɗi masu yawa da kuma faɗaɗa damar ƙwararru.
Horon Pilot na Wasanni da Nishaɗi
Ga masu sha'awar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama waɗanda ke son tashi don nishaɗi ba tare da neman sana'ar kasuwanci ba, Horon Pilot na Wasanni da Nishaɗi yana ba da madadin mafi sauƙi kuma mafi araha. Waɗannan lasisin suna ba da damar matukan jirgi su yi amfani da ƙananan jiragen sama a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙuntatawa, suna mai da su zaɓi matakin-shiga tsakanin nau'ikan horar da matukin jirgi a Amurka.
Babban Bambanci daga PPL da CPL
Ba kamar lasisin matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa (PPL) ko Lasisin Pilot na Kasuwanci (CPL), waɗannan takaddun shaida suna da:
- Ƙananan buƙatun sa'o'in horo (kaɗan kamar sa'o'i 20 don lasisin matukin jirgi na Sport).
- Ƙananan buƙatun likita (lasisin tuƙi kawai don Matukan Wasanni).
- Ƙuntatawa na aiki, kamar tashi da rana, iyakataccen sararin samaniya, da iyakokin fasinja.
Ƙuntatawa da Abubuwan Amfani da Jama'a
Lasisin matukin jirgi na wasanni (SPL): Mafi dacewa don tashi jirgin sama-sport (LSA) tare da fasinja har guda daya.
Lasisin matukin jirgi na nishaɗi (RPL): Yana ba da ƙarin gata kaɗan amma tare da iyaka akan nisa da nau'in jirgin sama.
Duk da yake waɗannan lasisin ba su cancanci matukin jirgi don ayyukan kasuwanci ba, suna ba da hanyar da za ta iya samun damar sanin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, suna mai da su mashahurin zaɓi ga masu sha'awar sha'awa. Koyaya, matukan jirgi waɗanda ke son haɓaka ƙwarewarsu daga baya zasu iya canzawa zuwa PPL ko CPL don ƙarin damar aiki.
A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi sassauƙa nau'ikan horarwar matukin jirgi a cikin Amurka, horarwar wasanni da nishaɗi cikakke ne ga waɗanda ke son tashi don nishaɗi ba tare da buƙatun FAA masu yawa ba.
Horon matukin jirgi na soja
Ga waɗanda ke neman yin hidima ga ƙasarsu yayin haɓaka ƙwararrun ƙwararrun jirgin sama, Horon matukin jirgi na soja ɗaya ne daga cikin nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi mafi tsauri a Amurka. Sojojin Sama na Amurka, Navy, Sojoji, da Marine Corps suna ba da shirye-shiryen horarwa da aka tsara waɗanda ke shirya matukin jirgi don yaƙi, bincike, da ayyukan sufuri.
Hanyoyin Zama Matukin Soja
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shiga jirgin saman soja, ciki har da:
Makarantun Jiragen Sama na Amurka da Navy - Yana buƙatar horar da jami'ai da zaɓi don Horar da Pilot na Digiri (UPT).
Koyarwar Jami'in Garanti na Soja (WOFT) - Hanya kai tsaye don zama matukin jirgi mai saukar ungulu ba tare da digiri na kwaleji ba.
ROTC da Makarantun Sabis - Kwalejin Sojan Sama da Kwalejin Sojan Ruwa suna ba da kwamitocin kwamitocin kai tsaye cikin horar da jirgin.
Horon soja da farar hula: Mahimman Bambance-bambance
Horon matukin jirgi na soja ya sha bamban da shirye-shiryen farar hula a cikin ƙarfi, rikitaccen jirgin sama, da mayar da hankali kan manufa. Babban bambance-bambance sun haɗa da:
- Cikakken cikakken horo tare da sadaukarwar sabis.
- Kwarewa ta hannu tare da manyan jiragen sama, jirage masu saukar ungulu, da jiragen dakon kaya.
- Yaki da ayyukan jirgin sama na dabara ban da daidaitattun ƙwarewar jirgin.
Canjawa zuwa Jirgin Sama na Kasuwanci
Yawancin matukan jirgi na soja sun canza sheka zuwa aikin farar hula, tare da kamfanonin jiragen sama suna ɗokin daukar tsofaffin ma'aikatan jirgin sama saboda yawan sa'o'in jirgin da suke da shi da kuma manyan horo. FAA tana ba da Daidaitan Ƙwararrun Soja, ƙyale tsoffin sojoji su sami lasisin farar hula tare da ƙarancin ƙarin buƙatu.
Idan aka yi la'akari da matakin gwaninta da horon da ake buƙata, Horon matukin jirgi na soja ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi buƙatu da fifiko na horar da matukin jirgi a Amurka, yana samar da wasu fitattun matukan jirgi a duniya.
Gaggauta da Horarwar matukin jirgi na Jami'a
Daga cikin nau'ikan horarwar matukin jirgi a Amurka, haɓaka da shirye-shiryen tushen jami'a sun shahara ga ɗaliban da suka fi son ingantaccen koyo ko kuma suna son kammala horo a cikin mafi ƙarancin lokacin da zai yiwu. Waɗannan hanyoyin FAA ne suka amince da su kuma suna kula da matukin jirgi na kasuwanci da na jirgin sama na gaba.
Haɓaka Shirye-shiryen Koyar da Jirgin Sama: Ribobi da Fursunoni
Haɓaka horon jirgin sama ɗaya ne daga cikin nau'ikan horon matukin jirgi mafi girma a cikin Amurka, wanda aka tsara don ɗaliban da suke son cimma lasisin su cikin sauri kuma su shiga aikin jirgin sama da wuri.
ribobi:
- Yana rage jimlar lokacin horo, yana haɓaka ci gaban aiki.
- Cikakken lokaci, horo na nutsewa yana haɓaka haɓaka fasaha.
- Mafi dacewa ga ɗaliban da ke neman aikin jirgin sama ko matsayin matukin jirgi na kasuwanci.
fursunoni:
- Maɗaukakin farashi na gaba saboda tsattsauran tsari.
- Jadawalin nema tare da ƙarancin hutu.
- Yana buƙatar sadaukarwa mai ƙarfi da daidaitawa.
Manyan Makarantun Jirgin Sama suna Ba da Ƙarfafa Horarwa
Makarantun jiragen sama da yawa a cikin Amurka sun kware a cikin hanzarin horar da matukin jirgi, kamar su Florida Flyers Flight Academy Yana ba da ingantaccen horo, wanda FAA ta amince da shi wanda aka ƙera don ɗaliban ƙasashen duniya da na Amurka da nufin kammala lasisin jirginsu cikin sauri. Florida Flyers kuma Yana ba da ingantaccen shirin sifili-to-ATP a cikin ƙasa da watanni 24, yana mai da shi ɗayan shirye-shiryen da ake nema.
Waɗannan makarantun jirgin sama da FAA ta amince da su suna ba da zaɓin horarwa cikin sauri, yana mai da su kyakkyawan zaɓi don masu neman matukin jirgi.
Shirye-shiryen Jiragen Sama masu alaƙa da Jami'a
Ga ɗaliban da suka fi son tsarin tushen digiri, shirye-shiryen jiragen sama na jami'a sun haɗu da horarwar matukin jirgi na FAA tare da ilimi mafi girma. Wasu daga cikin manyan nau'ikan horarwar matukin jirgi na jami'a a Amurka sun haɗa da:
Jami'ar Aeronautical Embry-Riddle - Yana ba da ɗayan sanannun shirye-shiryen jirgin sama a duniya, tare da alaka mai karfi da kamfanonin jiragen sama.
Jami'ar Purdue - Yana ba da horon matukin jirgi da FAA ta amince da shi tare da zaɓuɓɓukan digiri a cikin fasahar jirgin sama da gudanarwa.
Jami'ar North Dakota (UND) - An san shi don horar da jiragen sama da na jiragen sama, samar da masu digiri a shirye don ayyukan jirgin sama.
Digiri vs. Horon Jirgin Sama mara Digiri
Yayin da ba a buƙatar digiri na kwaleji don zama matukin jirgi, yana iya zama da amfani ga:
- Gasar daukar aiki a manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na Amurka.
- Sassaukan aiki a cikin sarrafa jiragen sama, bincike, da sassan sararin samaniya.
- Samun shiga FAA Part 141 horon da aka tsara, rage sa'o'in jirgin da ake buƙata don lasisin tukin jirgin sama (ATPL).
Ga ɗaliban da ke neman mafi kyawun nau'ikan horarwar matukin jirgi a cikin Amurka, makarantun jirgin kamar Florida Flyers Flight Academy suna ba da ingantacciyar hanya, yayin da shirye-shiryen jirgin sama na jami'a ke ba da hanyar tushen digiri.
Kammalawa
Daban-daban na horar da matukin jirgi a Amurka suna ba da dama ga burin aikin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, tun daga shawagi na nishaɗi zuwa matsayin kyaftin na jirgin sama. Ko neman lasisin matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa (PPL) don tukin jirgin sama na sirri, lasisin Pilot Commercial (CPL) don ƙwararrun jirgin sama, ko Lasisin Jirgin Jirgin Sama (ATPL) don tashi don manyan jiragen sama, kowane hanyar horo yana ba da fa'idodi na musamman.
Lokacin zabar shirin horar da jirgin, ɗalibai yakamata suyi la'akari:
Makasudin Ayyuka - Matukin jirgi na jirgin sama suna buƙatar takaddun shaida na ATPL, yayin da matukan jirgi na wasan motsa jiki na iya buƙatar PPL ko Lasisi na Pilot kawai.
Tsawon Horarwa - Shirye-shiryen da aka haɓaka kamar waɗanda Florida Flyers Flight Academy ke bayarwa suna ba da horo mai sauri, yayin da shirye-shiryen tushen jami'a suka haɗu da digiri tare da horar da jirgin.
Budget - Farashin horon jirgin sama ya bambanta sosai tsakanin FAA Sashe na 61 da shirye-shiryen Sashe na 141, haka kuma tsakanin makarantu masu zaman kansu da horar da jami'a.
Tare da ingantacciyar hanyar horar da matukin jirgi, ɗalibai za su iya ci gaba daga mafari zuwa matsayin shirin jirgin sama, samun gogewa da cancantar da ake buƙata don samun nasarar aikin jirgin sama. Ko zabar makarantar jirgin sama mai hanzari, shirin jirgin sama na jami'a, ko horar da sojoji, Amurka ta kasance ɗayan wurare mafi kyau a duniya don zama matukin jirgi.
Tuntuɓi Tawagar Ilimin Jirgin Sama na Florida Flyers a yau a (904) 209-3510 don ƙarin koyo game da yadda ake yin canjin lasisin matukin jirgi na ƙasashen waje a cikin matakai 4.
