Umkhakha wezokundiza uyisimangaliso sobunjiniyela besimanje, obunezinto eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze wenze isimangaliso sokundiza. Enye yalezi zingxenye eziyinhloko, evame ukunganakwa kodwa ebalulekile, i-flap yendiza. Iziphepho zendiza ziyizindawo ezinamaphiko ezibekwe emaphethelweni alandelanayo amaphiko e-a indiza enamaphiko angashintshi ukunciphisa isivinini indiza engandiza ngaso ngokuphepha kanye nokwandisa i-engeli yokwehla ukuze ifike. Bafinyeza amabanga okusuka nawokuhlala kanye nezidingo zejubane eliphansi.
Iziphepho zendiza zingase zibukeke njengemininingwane emincane ohlelweni oluhle lwesakhiwo sendiza, kodwa zinendima ebalulekile. Banikeza umshayeli ukulawula okukhulu endizeni, okuvumela izindiza eziphephile nezisebenza kahle kakhudlwana. Ngaphandle kwazo, besingeke sibe nokusuka nokuhlalisa kahle ebesikulindele ekuhambeni ngendiza yesimanje.
Naphezu kokubaluleka kwawo, iziphephelo zezindiza azivamile ukuxoxwa ngazo ngaphandle kwemibuthano yezindiza. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuguqula lokho ngokunikeza ukubheka okujulile kweziphephelo zendiza, izindima zazo, kanye nemisebenzi yazo.
Izindiza Zezindiza: Ukuqonda Ukubaluleka
Iziphepho zendiza zinendima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwendiza. Ngokuyinhloko zisetshenziselwa ukukhulisa ukuphakama kwendiza ngesivinini esithile somoya, okuvumela ukusuka kancane nokuhla. Ngokwandisa i-camber yephiko, ama-flap anganikeza ukuphakama okwengeziwe, okuwusizo ikakhulukazi phakathi nokusuka nokuhlalisa lapho indiza idinga ukulawula isivinini esiphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-flap asiza futhi ekwandiseni ukudonsa endizeni, okusiza ukubambezela ngesikhathi sokuhlala. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi indiza ikwazi ukuhlala ngokuphepha emzileni wezindiza ngaphandle kokuwudubula. Ngaphandle kwama-flap, indiza bekuyodingeka isondele emgwaqeni wezindiza ngesivinini esikhulu, kubeke engozini ukuphepha kwabagibeli nabasebenzi.
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ama-flap adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphephile kwendiza, kodwa futhi afaka isandla ekusebenzeni kwayo konke. Ngokuvumela indiza ukuthi indize ngesivinini esincane ngaphandle kokuma, ama-flap angasiza ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli futhi andise ububanzi bendiza.
Ukubheka Ngemininingwane Izinhlobo Ezine Zezindiza Zezindiza
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zama-flap endiza: ama-flap, ama-flap ahlukene, ama-slotted flap, nama-Fowler flap. Ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo lunezici zalo ezihlukile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo, kuye ngezidingo ezithile zendiza kanye nephrofayili yokundiza kwayo.
Ama-flap flap awuhlobo olulula kakhulu lwama-flap, ahlanganisa ingxenye enamahinge yephiko engehliswa noma iphakanyiswe umshayeli. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezindizeni ezincane ngenxa yobulula bazo kanye nokusebenza kalula.
Ama-split flaps ayinkimbinkimbi kakhudlwana, ingxenye engezansi yephiko ihlukana nengxenye engenhla lapho ama-flap esetshenziswa. Lokhu kudala ukwenyuka okuphawulekayo kukho kokubili ukuphakamisa nokudonsa, okwenza ama-flap ahlukene afanele ukusuka okufushane nokuhlalisa indiza.
Ama-slotted flap awushintsho olwengeziwe lwedizayini ye-flap ehlukanisiwe, enegebe noma i-slot phakathi kwephiko ne-flap lapho isetshenziswa. Lesi sikhala sivumela ukugeleza komoya onomfutho ophezulu osuka ngaphansi kwephiko ukuthi ugeleze phezu kwe-flap, kubambezeleke ukuhlukaniswa komoya futhi kunikeze ukuphakamisa okwengeziwe.
Okokugcina, ama-flap e-Fowler awuhlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lwama-flap, afaka uchungechunge lwezikhala kanye nendlela evumela i-flap ukuthi inwebe iye emuva naphansi uma isetshenziswa. Lo mklamo ukhulisa kakhulu kokubili indawo yokuphakamisa nendawo engaphezulu yephiko, okwenza i-Fowler ibhakuzise inketho yendiza enkulu yezentengiselwano.
Indlela AmaFlephu Endiza Asebenza Ngayo - Incazelo Eyisisekelo
Ukusebenza kwamaphephu endiza kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa isimiso esiyisisekelo salokho silula. Lapho ama-flap esetshenziswa, ashintsha ukuma futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izakhiwo ze-aerodynamic zephiko. Lolu shintsho luvumela iphiko ukuthi likhiqize ukuphakama okwengeziwe ngesivinini esinesivinini esibalulekile ngesikhathi sokusuka nokufika.
Umshayeli wendiza ulawula ukuthunyelwa kwama-flap esebenzisa i-lever ku-cockpit. Lesi sici sixhunywe ochungechungeni lwezintambo, izinduku, nezinhlelo ezisebenza ngogesi ezihambisa ama-flap endaweni oyifunayo. Umshini oqondile ungahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-flap kanye nomklamo othize wendiza, kodwa isimiso esivamile asishintshi.
Lapho ama-flap esetshenziswa, asuka emaphethelweni alandelanayo ephiko, akhulise i-camber kanye nendawo engaphezulu. Lokhu kushintsha kwesimo kubangela ukwanda kokuphakama okukhiqizwa uphiko, okuvumela indiza ukuthi ikwazi ukulawula isivinini esiphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-flap anwetshiwe aphinde akhulise ukudonsa endizeni, ukuyisiza ukuthi yehlise ijubane ukuze ifike.
Iqhaza Nomsebenzi Wohlobo Ngalunye Lwe-Airplane Flap
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-flap yendiza ludlala indima ethile nomsebenzi kuye ngezidingo zokusebenza zendiza. Ama-flap flap, isibonelo, alula futhi alula, awenza alungele indiza encane engadingi izici zokuphakama okuphezulu nokuhudula zama-flap ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ama-split flaps, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ahlinzeka ngokunyuka okuphawulekayo kukho kokubili ukuphakamisa nokudonsa, okuwenza alungele izindiza ezidinga ukusebenza emigwaqeni emifushane yezindiza. Idizayini ehlukanisiwe ivumela ukunyuka okuphezulu kokuphakama ngaphandle kokwenyuka okuhambisanayo kokuhudula, okwenza ama-flap ahlukene abe yinketho edumile yendiza esuka isikhashana nokufika (STOL).
Ama-flap ane-slotted ahlinzeka ngokukhuphuka okukhulu nakakhulu ekuphakamiseni, ngenxa ye-slot evumela umoya wokucindezela okuphezulu ukuthi ugeleze phezu kwe-flap. Lo mklamo wenza ama-slotted flap alungele izindiza ezinkulu ezidinga ukusebenza ngesivinini esiphansi, njengezindiza ezithwala impahla nezindiza.
Okokugcina, ama-Fowler flaps anikeza ukwanda okukhulu kwendawo yamaphiko kanye nokuphakamisa, okuwenza abe yinketho yendiza enkulu yezentengiselwano. Idizayini eyinkimbinkimbi yama-flap e-Fowler iwavumela ukuthi anikeze izinga eliphezulu lokulawula ngesivinini esingasheshi, okuwenza abe yimfuneko ezindizeni ezinkulu ezidinga ukusebenza ezikhumulweni zezindiza ezimatasa zezentengiselwano.
Isayensi Engemuva Kweziphephelo Zendiza kanye Nezinqubo Zazo
Isayensi ngemuva kokuphaphatheka kwendiza ilele ezimisweni ze-aerodynamics. Lapho indiza indiza, umoya ugeleza ngapha nangapha kwamaphiko, okwenza umehluko wengcindezi odala ukuphakama. Ukuma kanye ne-engeli yamaphiko kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi kungakanani ukuphakama okukhiqizwayo.
Ama-flap ashintsha ukuma kanye ne-engeli yephiko, akhulise i-camber kanye nendawo engaphezulu. Lolu shintsho luvumela iphiko ukuthi likhiqize ukuphakama okwengeziwe ngesivinini esincane. Ukwengeza, ukuthunyelwa kwama-flap nakho kukhulisa ukudonsa endizeni, kuyinciphisa futhi kuvumela ukuhlalisa okuphephile nokulawulwa kakhulu.
Izindlela eziqondile ezilawula ukuthunyelwa kwama-flap zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-flap kanye nomklamo othize wendiza. Nokho, ngokuvamile, zihilela uchungechunge lwezintambo, izinduku, nezinhlelo ezisebenza ngogesi ezihambisa ama-flap endaweni oyifunayo. Umshayeli ulawula lezi zinhlelo esebenzisa i-lever ku-cockpit, ezivumela ukuthi zilungise ama-flap njengoba kudingeka ngesikhathi sokundiza.
Umthelela Wokuphaphatheka Kwendiza Ekusebenzeni Kwendiza
Iziphepho zendiza zithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwendiza phakathi nendiza, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokusuka nokuhlalisa. Ngokwandisa ukuphakama okukhiqizwa iphiko, ama-flap avumela indiza ukuthi indize ngesivinini esiphansi ngaphandle kokuma. Lokhu kubalulekile phakathi nokusuka nokuhlalisa lapho indiza idinga ukulawula ngesivinini esiphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwandisa ukudonsa endizeni, ama-flap asiza ukubambezela indiza ngesikhathi sokuhlala. Lokhu kuvumela indiza ukuthi ihlale ngokuphepha kumzila wezindiza ngaphandle kokuyidubula. Ukwengeza, ukuhudula okukhuphukile kusiza futhi ukuzinzisa indiza ngesikhathi sokwehla, okwenza ukuba indiza ihlale kahle futhi elawulwa kakhudlwana.
Ngaphandle kokusuka nokufika, ama-flap aphinde abe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwendiza. Ngokuvumela indiza ukuthi indize ngesivinini esincane ngaphandle kokuma, ama-flap angasiza ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli futhi andise ububanzi bendiza. Lokhu kwenza ama-flap abe ingxenye ebalulekile hhayi kuphela ekusebenzeni okuphephile kwendiza kodwa nasekusebenzeni kwayo kwezomnotho.
Izici Zokunakekelwa Nokuphepha Kweziphephelo Zendiza
Njengazo zonke izingxenye zendiza, iziphephelo zendiza zidinga ukulungiswa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zisebenza kahle. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa ukuze kuhlonzwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona noma ukungasebenzi kahle. Uma kubhekwa indima ebalulekile edlalwa ama-flap ekusebenzeni okuphephile kwendiza, noma yiziphi izinkinga ezinamaphiko zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okuvamile, ukunakekelwa kwamaflaphu endiza kuhlanganisa nokuseviswa ngezikhathi ezithile nokushintshwa kwezingxenye. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukushintshwa kwezintambo, izinduku, namasistimu asebenza ngamanzi, kanye nama-flap ngokwawo uma egugile noma alimala.
Ukuphepha kuyinkinga enkulu uma kukhulunywa ngamaflawu endiza. Ngenxa yendima yazo ebalulekile ekulawuleni isivinini nokwehla kwendiza, noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle kwamaflap kungaholela ezinkingeni ezingathi sína zokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, abashayeli bezindiza baqeqeshelwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwama-flap phakathi nokuhlolwa kwabo kwangaphambi kokundiza futhi baphendule ngendlela efanele uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwe-flap.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwekusasa ku-Airplane Flap Technology
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, kanjalo nokuklanywa nokusebenza kweziphephelo zendiza. Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo kubuchwepheshe be-flap kulindeleke ukuthi igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka, kanye nokunciphisa isisindo nobunkimbinkimbi bezinhlelo ze-flap.
Indawo eyodwa yocwaningo ukuthuthukiswa kwama-flap "ahlakaniphile" angalungisa indawo yawo nokuma kwawo ekuphenduleni izimo zendiza ezishintshayo. Lawa ma-flap ahlakaniphile angase anikeze ukulawula okukhulu nokusebenza kahle, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nokwandisa ububanzi bendiza.
Enye intuthuko engaba khona ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha kanye namasu okukhiqiza ukudala ama-flap alula futhi ahlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kunganciphisa isisindo sendiza futhi kwandise ukusebenza kwayo jikelele, kuyilapho kunciphisa isidingo sokunakekelwa nokulungiswa.
Yize lezi ntuthuko zisesigabeni socwaningo nentuthuko, zinamandla athokozisayo ekusasa lendiza. Njengoba siqhubeka nokuphusha imingcele yalokho okungenzeka, kusobala ukuthi amabhanoyi endiza azoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwezindiza.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, iziphephelo zendiza zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwendiza. Zivumela indiza ukuthi indize ngesivinini esiphansi ngaphandle kokuma, inikeze ukulawula okukhulu phakathi nokusuka nokuhlalisa. Ziphinde zisize ekubambezeleni indiza ngesikhathi ifika, iqinisekise ukwehla okuphephile nokulawulwayo.
Nakuba zingase zibonakale njengemininingwane emincane ohlelweni olukhulu lwesakhiwo sendiza, iziphephelo ziwubufakazi bobuhlakani nokunemba kobunjiniyela besimanje bezindiza. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, singalindela ukubona intuthuko enkulu nakakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-flap nokusebenza, okuqhubeka kuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokuhamba emoyeni.
Emhlabeni wezokundiza, zonke izingxenye zibalulekile - namaphephu endiza anjalo. Ngakho-ke ngokuzayo uma usendizeni, gcina umcabango we-flap ethobekile - ingxenye encane kodwa enamandla eyenza ukuhamba ngendiza kwesimanje kwenzeke.
Xhumana nathi noma shayela i-Florida Flyers Team ku +1 904 209 3510 ukuze ube umshayeli wendiza ophumelele oqinisekisiwe.
