Amalayisense Okushayela Izindiza kanye Nomsebenzi Wakho Wezindiza

I-cockpit yendiza yezentengiselwano ayifinyelelwa ngesitifiketi somshayeli oyedwa. Yakhiwe ngesilinganiso ngesilinganiso, ihora lendiza ngehora lendiza, kuqala ngesisekelo esifanayo se-FAA kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ushintsha imisebenzi uneminyaka engu-30 noma uqala ngokushesha ngemva kwesikole samabanga aphezulu. Ukuqonda amalayisense okushayela ngaphambi kokubhalisa kukusiza ukuthi ukhethe indlela yokuqeqesha eqhubekela phambili ngenhloso esikhundleni sokuchitha isikhathi, imali, kanye nomfutho.

I-FAA ngobuchwepheshe ikhipha iningi lalezi ziqinisekiso njengezitifiketi nezilinganiso, kodwa abashayeli bezindiza abafisayo bavame ukuzibiza ngamalayisense okushayela. Okubalulekile ukuqhubekela phambili: iziqu ngasinye sandisa izindiza, izimo zezulu, noma amathuba okundiza akhokhelwayo atholakalayo kuwe. Kumfundi ogxile emsebenzini, umgomo awukona nje ukudlula uhambo olulandelayo lokuhlola. Umgomo ukwakha iphrofayili yobungcweti ephelele, elungele izindiza.

Amalayisense Okushayela Izindiza: Uchungechunge Lokuqeqeshwa lwe-FAA

Indlela eshesha kakhulu ivame ukuba uchungechunge oluhlelekile kusukela kolwazi olungenalutho kuya ezikhwameni zezentengiselwano kanye nezokufundisa. Ungaqeqesha isitifiketi esisodwa ngesikhathi, kodwa uhlelo lwe-FAA Part 141 oluhlelwe kahle luxhumanisa zonke izigaba ukuze ulwazi lwakho, izinqubo, kanye nolwazi lwakho lwendiza luqhubeke nokwakha.

Isitifiketi somshayeli wendiza womfundi kanye nesitifiketi sezokwelapha

Ngaphambi kohambo lwendiza wedwa, udinga isitifiketi somfundi wokushayela indiza se-FAA kanye nesitifiketi sezokwelapha sezindiza esifanele. Iningi labashayeli bezindiza abaphishekela umsebenzi wobungcweti bakhetha ukwelashwa kwekilasi eliphezulu kusenesikhathi. Akudingeki ukuthola zonke izitifiketi, kodwa kuyindinganiso yezokwelapha edingekayo kumalungelo okushayela indiza kanye nokundiza ngendiza.

Ukuthola udokotela wezokwelapha osezingeni eliphezulu ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kakhulu ekuqeqeshweni kuyindlela yokulawula izingozi ezisebenzayo. Inkinga yezokwelapha ayiqedi ngokuzenzakalelayo umgomo wezindiza, futhi izimo eziningi zingahlolwa noma zivunyelwe ngenqubo ye-FAA. Noma kunjalo, ukwazi ukuthi umi kuphi kusenesikhathi kuvimbela isimanga esingathandeki ngemuva kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi ekuqeqeshweni.

Ilayisensi Yomshayeli Ozimele (PPL)

Ilayisensi Yomshayeli Wendiza Ozimele yilapho ukundiza kuba ngokoqobo khona. Ufunda ukulawula izindiza, ukuzulazula, ukuxhumana ngomsakazo, izinqubo eziphuthumayo, ukwenza izinqumo zesimo sezulu, ukuhlela izwe lonke, kanye nesiyalo sokusebenza njengomshayeli wendiza ophethe. Ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa kolwazi lwe-FAA kanye nokuhlolwa okusebenzayo, ungandiza ukuze uthuthe futhi uzijabulise, kuye ngamalungelo nemikhawulo yesitifiketi sakho.

I-PPL akuyona imfanelo yomsebenzi. Awukwazi ukukhokhelwa nje ukuthwala abagibeli noma ukundiza indiza ngaphansi kwamalungelo okushayela angasese. Kodwa kuyisici sokuqala esibalulekile sokwakha ubungcweti. Abafundi abathuthukisa imikhuba eqinile lapha bavame ukuhamba ngokuqeqeshwa kwezinsimbi kanye nezentengiselwano ngokuzethemba okukhulu kanye nokwahlulela okungcono.

Isilinganiso sensimbi

I-Instrument Rating ihlukanisa ukundiza kwesimo sezulu esilungile nokuhlela indiza okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ikufanelekela ukundiza ngaphansi kweMithetho Yendiza Ye-Instrument, noma i-IFR, okusho ukusebenza ngokubhekisela kumathuluzi nangaphakathi kohlelo lokulawula ithrafikhi yendiza lapho isimo sezulu sidinga lokho.

Ngomsebenzi wezindiza, lesi silinganiso asiyona into ongayikhetha nganoma iyiphi indlela engokoqobo. Izindiza zisebenza ngezikhathi ezithile, ngesimo sezulu esishintshayo, nasendaweni yomoya eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezinsimbi kufundisa ukunemba: ukubamba ukuphakama okubekiwe, izindlela zokulandelela, ukufunda izinhlelo zezulu, ukuphatha umthwalo womsebenzi, nokwenza izinqumo ezizolile lapho ungakwazi ukuthembela ekubukeni okungaphandle kwefasitela lemoto.

Inkinga ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kwezinsimbi kungaba nzima kubashayeli bezindiza abake bandiza ngokubona kuphela. Yingakho kubalulekile. Kwakha isiyalo esisetshenziswa abashayeli bezindiza abangochwepheshe endizeni ngayinye.

Isitifiketi Somshayeli Wezentengiselwano

Isitifiketi Sokushayela Indiza Kwezentengiselwano sikuvumela ukuthi unxeshezelwe ngezinsizakalo ezithile zokundiza, uma nje uhlangabezana nemithetho ye-FAA kanye nezimfuneko zokusebenza. Yilapho umfundi wokushayela indiza eba khona ofanelekela khona ukwenza umsebenzi wokundiza okhokhelwayo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwezohwebo kudlulela ngale kokufunda ukuthi ungandiza kanjani ngokunembile. Uthuthukisa amakhono akho okuhamba, undiza izindiza eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, uthuthukisa ulwazi oluthuthukisiwe lokunqamula izwe, futhi ubonisa izinga eliphakeme lolwazi lwezindiza kanye nokwahlulela. Isitifiketi sohwebo sodwa asiqinisekisi umsebenzi wendiza, kodwa sivula umnyango wemisebenzi eyakha ulwazi lobuchwepheshe.

Isakhiwo sokuqeqesha sinomthelela omkhulu kulesi sigaba. Ngaphansi kwekharikhulamu efanele ye-FAA Part 141, umzila wezohwebo osheshisiwe ungafinyelela isitifiketi sezohwebo ngamahora okundiza angu-111 nje kuphela ngaphansi kwe-FAR Part 141.55(e). Lokho kuyinzuzo ebalulekile kubafundi abafanelekayo abafuna indlela eqondile, yize isikhathi sokuqeda sisaxhomeke ekulungiseleleni, esimweni sezulu, ekubeni khona, kanye nentuthuko yomuntu ngamunye.

Isilinganiso sezinjini eziningi

Izindiza zezindiza zinezinjini ezingaphezu kweyodwa, ngakho-ke ukuqeqeshwa kwezinjini eziningi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile somsebenzi. I-Multi-Engine Rating ikufundisa ukusebenzisa izindiza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ukuphatha ukusunduza okungalingani, ukuhlonza nokuphendula ekuhlulekeni kwezinjini, nokwenza izinqumo ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nobunzima obuhilelekile.

Isilinganiso sezinjini eziningi sivame ukungezwa esitifiketini sezentengiselwano, okwenza abaqashi balindele iziqu zezinjini eziningi zezentengiselwano emisebenzini eminingi yobungcweti esezingeni lokuqala. Akuyona nje i-resume line. Ukuqeqeshwa kudinga ukulawulwa kwezindiza okunembile kanye nokuphendula okuhlelekile ezimweni ezingavamile.

Izitifiketi Zomqeqeshi Wendiza

Kwabashayeli bezindiza abaningi abasha bezentengiselwano, indlela eqondile kakhulu yokwakha isikhathi sokundiza esidingekayo ezinkampanini zezindiza ukuba yi-Certified Flight Instructor. Isitifiketi se-CFI sikugunyaza ukuthi ufundise abafundi abazimele nabezentengiselwano. Ukwengeza isilinganiso se-Certified Flight Instrument Instrument, esaziwa ngokuthi i-CFII, kanye ne-Multi-Engine Instructor rating, noma i-MEI, kwandisa ukuqeqeshwa ongakunikeza kanye nesipiliyoni ongasithola.

Ukufundisa kuwumsebenzi onzima. Kumelwe undiza ngokunembile ngenkathi uchaza izinqubo, uqapha omunye umshayeli wendiza, uphatha ubungozi, futhi uvumelanisa ukufundisa kwakho nezindlela ezahlukene zokufunda. Ngenxa yalokho, uthuthukisa ulwazi lobuchwepheshe oluqinile, amakhono okuxhumana abukhali, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulu kokundiza. Abashayeli bezindiza abaningi baqala imisebenzi yabo esihlalweni esifanele sendiza yokuqeqesha, befundisa isizukulwane esilandelayo sabashayeli bezindiza.

Kusukela ku-Commercial Pilot kuya ku-ATP

Isitifiketi se-Airline Transport Pilot, noma i-ATP, yizinga eliphakeme kakhulu lesitifiketi se-FAA pilot. Yisitifiketi esihlotshaniswa nokusebenza kwezindiza futhi siyadingeka ukuze sisebenze njengokaputeni wensizakalo yezindiza ye-Part 121. Iningi lezikhulu zokuqala zezindiza nazo zidinga isitifiketi se-ATP noma indlela ye-ATP Enqunyelwe efanelekile.

Kwabaningi abashayeli bezindiza, i-ATP ejwayelekile idinga amahora okundiza angu-1,500 kanye nezidingo ezithile zesipiliyoni. Abanye abaphothule izinhlelo zeziqu zezindiza ezivunyiwe kanye nabashayeli bezindiza bezempi abafanelekile bangase bafanelekele i-ATP Ekhawulelwe emikhawulweni ephansi yamahora aphelele. Ukufaneleka kuncike emfundweni yakho eqondile, amarekhodi okuqeqeshwa, kanye nolwazi lwendiza, ngakho-ke lena yindawo lapho imininingwane ibalulekile khona.

Isikhathi esiphakathi kwesitifiketi sezentengiselwano kanye nokufaneleka kwe-ATP yilapho ukuhlela umsebenzi kuba yinto enqumayo. Umshayeli wendiza akadingi amahora engeziwe kuphela, kodwa nekhwalithi efanele yesipiliyoni: isikhathi semishini, ukundiza ezweni lonke, ukusebenza ebusuku, ukuchayeka ezinjini eziningi, kanye nerekhodi lobuchwepheshe lokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo. Imiyalelo yendiza iyindlela eqinisekisiwe, kodwa ukuhlola emoyeni, ukuqasha, imithwalo, kanye nokundiza kwezinkampani kungafanelana kuye ngamathuba atholakalayo kanye nesikhathi somsebenzi.

Kungani Indawo Yokuqeqesha Ishintsha Umphumela

Zonke izikole zezindiza zingakhangisa izitifiketi. Umbuzo ongcono ukuthi isikole singakuhambisa yini kulo lonke uchungechunge ngaphandle kokungqubuzana okungadingekile. Ukutholakala kwezindiza, ukuqhubeka komfundisi, ikhwalithi yekharikhulamu, ukufinyelela kokugibela, kanye nokusekelwa kokuphatha konke kuthinta ukuthi umfundi oshukumisekile ufinyelela ngokushesha kangakanani igxathu elilandelayo.

Ukuvunyelwa kwe-FAA Ingxenye 141 kubalulekile ngoba inikeza uhlelo oluvunyiwe, ukuhlolwa kwesigaba okuhlelekile, kanye nezindinganiso zokuqeqesha ezichaziwe. Kungaphinde kunikeze izidingo eziphansi zesipiliyoni sezindiza kubafundi abafanelekile. Ekuqeqeshweni komsebenzi, leso sakhiwo sikunikeza indlela elinganisiwe kuneqoqo lezifundo ezingaxhunywanga.

Ukuhlela i-Checkride kungenye into ebalulekile. Umfundi oqeqeshwe futhi okulungele akufanele alahlekelwe amandla okulinda izinyanga eziningi umhloli wangaphandle. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy ine-FAA Self-Examining Authority, evumela ukuthi izivivinyo ezisebenzayo ezifanelekile zenziwe ngaphakathi endlini futhi isize ekudaleni umzila wokuqeqesha olawulwa kakhulu. Leyo nzuzo yokusebenza ibalulekile uma umgomo wakho uwukufinyelela endizeni yezentengiselwano futhi uqale ukwakha isikhathi ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okugwenywayo.

Abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe kufanele futhi bahlele ngale kwesilabhasi yendiza. Ukubhaliswa kwe-visa ye-M-1, izidingo ze-TSA, indawo yokuhlala, ikheli lase-US, kanye nemibhalo ye-FAA konke kudinga ukuhlanganiswa. Isikole esinokusekelwa kwabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe okuqinisekisiwe singasusa izithiyo zokuphatha eziphazamisa ukuqeqeshwa.

Khetha Amalayisense Okushayela Emsebenzini Owufunayo

Akukho ndlela enqamulelayo ezungeze izindinganiso ze-FAA, futhi akufanele kube khona. Abashayeli bezindiza abangochwepheshe bathwala umthwalo wemfanelo obalulekile ngabagibeli, izindiza, kanye nabasebenzi. Ongakulawula ukusebenza kahle komzila wakho: qeqesha njalo, uvikele ukufaneleka kwakho kwezokwelapha, khetha uhlelo oluhlelekile, bese uthola isitifiketi ngasinye esivele sikhona.

Isifundo sakho sokuqala singase siqale ngomgomo womshayeli wendiza ozimele, kodwa uhlelo olufanele lungakuthwala usuke endaweni yokuqeqesha uye endaweni yokugibela indiza yezentengiselwano. Qala ngesitifiketi esifanelana nolwazi lwakho lwamanje, bese wakha isilinganiso ngasinye emsebenzini ohlose ukuwundiza.