Intshayelelo yendlela yokuLifumana iPhepha-mvume lokuLinga
Ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya kungaphezulu kunesihloko nje; luhambo oluvuyisayo oluvula ihlabathi lamathuba. Zibone ukwindawo yokulawula, ukugquma kwenjini ephantsi kwakho, kunye nesibhakabhaka esikhulu sijonge phambili. Nokuba uphupha ngokubhabha uyonwaba ngeempelaveki okanye ulandela ikhondo elipheleleyo lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, ukuqonda indlela yokufumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba linyathelo lakho lokuqala ukuya kwelo phupha. Akunjalo nje malunga ukufunda ukubhabha; imalunga nokwamkela inkululeko nochulumanco oluza nayo.
Uhambo lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya luzaliswe ngamava awodwa kunye nemingeni eya kuvavanya ukuzimisela kwakho kunye nobuchule. Ukusuka ekujongeni ubunzima besikolo senqwelomoya ukuya kubuchule bokuhamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwi-cockpit, inyathelo ngalinye olithathayo libumba ikamva lakho njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya. Esi sikhokelo, siya kucalula yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokufumana kwakho ilayisenisi yokuqhuba, kubandakanywa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, into onokuyilindela ngexesha loqeqesho lwakho, kunye nendlela yokulungiselela jonga. Ngengqondo efanelekileyo kunye nesikhokelo, uya kuba usendleleni eya ekuphumezeni amaphupha akho okubhabha.
ULifumana Njani iPhepha-mvume lokuLinga kunye nokuqonda iiNdidi zeeLayisenisi zokuQalisa
Phambi kokuntywila kwiNdlela yokuLifumana iLayisensi yokuPhila, kubalulekile ukuqonda iindidi ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo. Ilayisensi nganye inenjongo eyodwa, kwaye leyo oyikhethayo iya kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kuhambo lwakho lokubhabha.
Ilayisensi yokuLitha yaBucala (PPL)
ILayisensi yokuPilo yaBucala (PPL) yeyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo yokungena kwabo banqwenela ukukhwela iindiza. Ikuvumela ukuba ubhabhe ngeenjongo zobuqu kunye nezokuzonwabisa, ukuthwala abakhweli, kwaye usebenze ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo iintlobo zesithuba somoya. Nge-PPL, ungonwabela inkululeko yokubhabha ngaphandle kokufuna ukubhabhela, ulenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kubantu abathanda ukuzilibazisa kunye nabathanda ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya. Ukufumana i-PPL yakho, kuya kufuneka ugqibezele ubuncinci beeyure zenqwelomoya ezingama-40, kuquka uqeqesho lokubhabha kunye nexesha uwedwa. Uqeqesho lubandakanya ukufunda iindlela zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya eziyimfuneko, ubuchule bokuhamba, kunye nonxibelelwano Ukulawulwa kwezithuthi zomoya.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokuqhuba (CPL)
Kwabo bajonge ukuguqula uthando lwabo lube ngumsebenzi, iLayisensi yokuPhila ngoRhwebo (CPL) linyathelo elilandelayo. Eli phepha-mvume lifuneka ukuba lihlawulwe ngenxa yokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, nokuba usebenzela iinkampani zeenqwelomoya, iinkonzo zokuqesha, okanye uphapho lwamaqumrhu. Ukufumana i-CPL, kufuneka ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-250 zokubhabha kwaye ubonise izakhono eziphucukileyo zokubhabha, kubandakanya ukubhabha elizweni kunye nemisebenzi yenqwelomoya entsonkothileyo. Uqeqesho ludla ngokubandakanya imiyalelo ekhethekileyo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo iintlobo zeenqwelomoya kunye neendlela eziphambili zokukhangela, eziya kukuxhobisa kwiimfuno zomqhubi wenqwelomoya.
ILayisensi yokuLinga i-Airline Transport (ATPL)
ILayisensi yokuLinga i-Airline Transport (ATPL) lelona nqanaba liphezulu lesatifikethi sokulinga. Kubalulekile kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya abanqwenela ukusebenza njengokapteni kwiinqwelo-moya. Ukufumana i-ATPL, kufuneka ubuncinci ube neminyaka engama-23 ubudala kwaye ubuncinci beeyure zenqwelomoya ezili-1,500. Eli phepha-mvume lifuna ukuqonda okunzulu kokusebenza kweenqwelomoya kunye nemimiselo, oko kuyenza ukuba ibe nokuzibophelela okubalulekileyo kubakhweli beenqwelo-moya. Uqeqesho lubandakanya i-aerodynamics ephucukileyo, ukucwangciswa kwendiza, kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo, ukukulungiselela imingeni yokusebenza kweenqwelo-moya zorhwebo.
ILayisensi yokuLinga ukuzonwabisa (RPL)
ILayisensi yokuPhila ngoLonwabo (RPL) luguqulelo olwenziwe lula lwePPL, evumela abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba babhabhe phantsi kwemida ethile. Ifuna iiyure ezimbalwa zokubhabha-ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-30-kwaye lukhetho olukhulu kwabo bafuna ukubhabha ngokungaqhelekanga ngaphandle kokuzinikela okupheleleyo kwe-PPL okanye i-CPL. Ngelixa i-RPL iza nezithintelo ezithile, njengokubhabha kuphela emini kwaye ungathwali abakhweli ukuze uqeshwe, ibonelela ngentshayelelo emnandi kwihlabathi lokubhabha.
Ulifumana Njani iLayisensi yokuLinga: UPhando lweZikolo zeFlight
Nje ukuba uziqonde iindidi ngeendidi zeelayisensi, inyathelo elilandelayo kukufumana isikolo sokubhabha esifanelekileyo. Esi sigqibo sinokuchaphazela kakhulu amava akho oqeqesho kunye nekamva njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Iintlobo zeZikolo zeFlight
Zimbini iindidi eziphambili zezikolo ngenqwelomoya: Icandelo 61 kunye neCandelo 141 lezikolo. Izikolo zeSigaba 61 zibonelela ngokuguquguquka ngakumbi kwiishedyuli zoqeqesho, zizenza zibe zezifanelekileyo kwabo baphila ubomi obuxakekileyo okanye abo bajonge ukulandela ukubhabha ngokungesosigxina. Ezi zikolo zinokuvumela abafundi ukuba balungelelanise uqeqesho lwabo ukuze lulungele iimfuno zabo ezithile kunye namaxesha. Ngokuchaseneyo noko, izikolo zeSigaba 141 zibonelela ngekharityhulam ecwangcisiweyo evunywe yi-FAA, enokuba luncedo kwabo bafuna ukugqibezela uqeqesho lwabo ngexesha elithile. Ezi zikolo zihlala zinemigangatho engqongqo yokuhamba isikolo nemigangatho yentsebenzo.
Yintoni ekufuneka ujonge kuyo
Xa usenza uphando ngezikolo ngenqwelomoya, qwalasela izinto ezinje ngokuvunywa, amava omqeqeshi, umgangatho wezithuthi, kunye nophononongo lwabafundi. Ukuvunywa kuqinisekisa ukuba isikolo sihlangabezana nemigangatho eyimfuneko yokhuseleko kunye noqeqesho olusekwe yi-FAA, ngelixa abafundisi abanamava banokubonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo kunye nenkxaso kulo lonke uqeqesho lwakho. Khangela izikolo ezinegama elihle kuluntu lwezomoya, kwaye ungathandabuzi ukubuza abafundi bangoku malunga namava abo.
Iindleko zokuvavanya kunye noKhetho lwezeMali
Iindleko zoqeqesho ngenqwelomoya zinokwahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezikolo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuvavanya iifizi zokufunda kunye neendlela ezikhoyo zokuxhasa ngemali. Uninzi lwezikolo ngenqwelomoya zibonelela ngezicwangciso zokuhlawula, iindlela zokuxhasa ngemali, kunye nenkxaso yokufunda ukunceda ukwenza uqeqesho lufikeleleke ngakumbi. Ungalibazisi ukubuza izikolo malunga neendlela ezinokukhetha kuzo ngenkxaso-mali ukuze ufumane eyona ilungele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho. Ukuqonda ukuhla kweendleko, kubandakanya ukurenta inqwelomoya kunye neentlawulo zomqeqeshi, kuya kukunceda ucwangcise imali yakho ngokufanelekileyo.
Ulifumana njani iLayisensi yokuLinga: Ukuhlangabezana neeMfuno zokuLungela
Phambi kokuba ubhalise kwisikolo senqwelomoya, kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zokufaneleka ukuze uqinisekise indlela egudileyo yokufumana ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba.
Iimfuno zobudala: Ubuncinane beminyaka yokufumana ilayisenisi yokulinga iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Kwi-PPL, kufuneka ube neminyaka eyi-17 ubuncinane, ngelixa i-CPL kunye ne-ATPL zifuna ukuba ube neminyaka eyi-18 kunye ne-23, ngokulandelelanayo. Ezi mfuno zeminyaka yobudala ziqinisekisa ukuba ukhulile kunye noxanduva oluyimfuneko kuqeqesho lokulinga kunye nokusebenza.
Isiqinisekiso soNyango: Isiqinisekiso sonyango esivela kumvavanyi wezonyango ovunywe yi-FAA ngenqwelomoya sinyanzelekile. Kukho iiklasi ezintathu zesatifikethi sezonyango, nganye ineseti yayo yeemfuno. A isatifikethi sezonyango sodidi lokuqala iyadingeka kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zothutho, ngelixa isatifikethi sodidi lwesibini sanele kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, kwaye udidi lwesithathu lwamkelekile kubaqhubi babucala. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ukuba uyahlangabezana nemigangatho yomzimba kunye nengqondo eyimfuneko yokubhabha, kubandakanya umbono kunye neemfuno zokuva.
Ubuchule beLwimi: Bonke abaqhubi beenqwelomoya kufuneka babonise ubuchule besiNgesi, njengoko ilulwimi lwehlabathi lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya. Kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukufunda, ukuthetha, ukubhala, nokuqonda isiNgesi ukuze unxibelelane ngokufanelekileyo nolawulo lweenqwelomoya kunye nabanye abaqhubi beenqwelomoya. Obu buchule bubalulekile ekuqondeni ukusebenza kwenqwelomoya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko esibhakabhakeni.
Ukubhalisa kwiSikolo esiphantsi njengeNjani yokufumana iPhepha-mvume lokuQalisa
Nje ukuba ufezekise iimfuno zokufaneleka, okulandelayo malunga nendlela yokufumana iLayisensi yokulinga kukubhalisa kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi. Isikolo esisezantsi sibalulekile ekwakheni ulwazi lwethiyori olufunekayo ukuze uphumelele kuqeqesho lokubhabha.
Injongo yeSikolo esiphantsi: Isikolo samabanga aphantsi sibonelela abafundi ngolwazi olubanzi lwemigaqo yokubhabha ngenqwelomoya, imimiselo, kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela uviwo olubhaliweyo lwe-FAA kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba uluxhobele kakuhle uqeqesho olusebenzayo lokubhabha. Olu lwazi lusisiseko lubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi ngexesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nokuqonda imeko ebanzi yokusebenza kwenqwelomoya.
Izihloko eziValiweyo: Kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, uya kufunda izihloko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-aerodynamics, i-meteorology, ukuhamba, imimiselo yokubhabha, kunye neenkqubo zeenqwelomoya. Ezi zifundo zenza isiseko soqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha kwaye zibalulekile ekubeni ube ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya onobuchule. Ukuqonda okuqinileyo kwezi ngqikelelo kuya kukhulisa ukuzithemba kwakho ngexesha lezifundo ngenqwelomoya kunye neemviwo.
Kwi-Intanethi vs. Isikolo esisezantsi soMntu: Unokukhetha phakathi kwe-intanethi kunye neefomathi zesikolo esisezantsi. Izifundo ze-Intanethi zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kwaye zinokugqitywa ngesantya sakho, ngelixa iiklasi zomntu zibonelela ngethuba lokusebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo nabahlohli kunye noontanga. Qwalasela isimbo sakho sokufunda kunye neshedyuli xa usenza isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi ifomathi ekusebenzela ngcono. Abafundi abaninzi bayaxhamla kubume obucwangcisiweyo beeklasi zomntu, ngelixa abanye bencoma ukulungeleka kokufunda kwi-Intanethi.
Ukugqibezela uQeqesho ngeFlight njengeNdlela yokuLifumana iLayisensi yokuLibatha
Emva kokugqiba isikolo samabanga aphantsi, uya kuqalisa uqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha, olubandakanya amava okusebenza kwi-cockpit.
Inkqubo yoQeqesho ngeFlight: Uqeqesho ngenqwelomoya lubandakanya imiyalelo emibini kunye ne Umyaleli wenqwelomoya oqinisekisiweyo (CFI) kunye nexesha lokubhabha yedwa ukuze uziqhelanise nezakhono zakho. Umqeqeshi wakho uya kukukhokela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo, ngokuthe ngcembe ekhulisa ubunzima boqeqesho lwakho njengoko uqhubeka. Inkqubo yoqeqesho ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwenqwelomoya, ukunduluka, ukuhla, kunye neenkqubo ezingxamisekileyo, zonke zibalulekile ekuphuhliseni izakhono zakho zokubhabha.
IiMfuno zeeyure zenqwelomoya: I-FAA igunyazisa ubuncinane benani leeyure zokubhabha kuhlobo ngalunye lwephepha-mvume. Kwi-PPL, kufuneka ungene ubuncinane kwiiyure ze-40 zexesha lokuhamba, ngelixa i-CPL idinga ubuncinane beeyure ze-250. Ezi yure kufuneka zibandakanye iintlobo ezithile zeenqwelomoya, ezifana nokunqumla ilizwe kunye nokubhabha ebusuku. Ukuqonda ezi mfuno kwangethuba kuya kukunceda ucwangcise ishedyuli yakho yoqeqesho ngokufanelekileyo.
Iindidi zeeFlight zoQeqesho: Iinqwelomoya zoqeqesho zidla ngokwahlulwa zibe yimiyalelo emibini kunye neenqwelomoya zodwa. Imiyalelo emibini ibandakanya ukubhabha kunye nomqeqeshi wakho, oya kukunika isikhokelo kunye nengxelo njengoko uqhuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziqhelanisa. Iinqwelomoya zodwa zikuvumela ukuba usebenzise oko ukufundileyo ngokuzimeleyo, ukwakha ukuzithemba kunye namava. Zombini iintlobo zeenqwelomoya zibalulekile ekuphuhliseni izakhono zakho kunye nokulungiselela uviwo olusebenzayo.
Ulifumana Njani iPhepha-mvume lokuLinga: Ukuphumelela uViwo oluBhaliweyo
Wakuba ulugqibile uqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha kwaye uzive ulungile, kuya kufuneka uphumelele uviwo olubhaliweyo lwe-FAA.
Iingcebiso zokufunda: Ukuphumelela kuviwo olubhaliweyo, yenza ishedyuli yokufunda kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, njengeencwadi zezifundo, iikhosi ze-intanethi, kunye neemvavanyo zokuziqhelanisa. Gxininisa ekuqondeni iikhonsepthi kunokuba unkqaye iimpendulo, njengoko oku kuya kukulungiselela ngcono ukubhabha kwehlabathi lokwenyani. Ukujoyina amaqela okufunda nako kunokubonelela ngenkuthazo kunye neembono ezahlukeneyo kwizihloko ezicela umngeni.
Ukuqonda iFomathi yoVavanyo: Uviwo olubhaliweyo ludla ngokuba nemibuzo yokhetho oluninzi egubungela izihloko ozifunde kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi. Ukuziqhelanisa nefomati yovavanyo kuya kukunceda uzive uzithembile ngakumbi ngemini yoviwo. Iimviwo zokuziqhelanisa ziyafumaneka kwi-intanethi kwaye zinokukunceda uvavanye ukulungela kwakho uvavanyo olusemthethweni.
Ulifumana njani iLayisensi yokuLinga: Ukuthatha uvavanyo olusebenzayo (Checkride)
Emva kokuphumelela uviwo olubhaliweyo, uya kucwangcisa uvavanyo lwakho olusebenzayo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-checkride.
Oko Lindela: I-checkride luvavanyo olubanzi lwezakhono zakho zokubhabha kunye nolwazi. Ibandakanya uviwo lomlomo olulandelwa luvavanyo lokubhabha kunye nomvavanyi we-FAA. Ngexesha loviwo lomlomo, uya kuphendula imibuzo malunga neenkqubo zokubhabha, imimiselo, kunye neendlela zokhuseleko. Uvavanyo lwenqwelomoya luya kuvavanya ukukwazi kwakho ukwenza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule kwaye ubonise ubuchule bakho njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Ukulungiselela iCheckride: Ukulungiselela ukutshekisha kubalulekile. Ukuphonononga izixhobo zakho zoqeqesho, ukuziqhelanisa nokuqhuba kunye nomqeqeshi wakho, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba unawo onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko alungele uviwo. Ukuzithemba kunye nokulungiselela ngokucokisekileyo kuya kukunceda uphumelele kolu vavanyo lubalulekileyo.
Ulifumana Njani iPhepha-mvume lokuQalisa: ukufumana iPhepha-mvume lakho lokuLinga
Nje ukuba ugqibe ngempumelelo ukutshekisha, uya kufumana ilayisenisi yakho yokulinga!
Ukubhiyozela iMpumelelo yakho: Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba linyathelo elibalulekileyo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uthathe umzuzwana ukubhiyozela umsebenzi wakho onzima nokuzinikela. Yabelana ngempumelelo yakho nabahlobo kunye nosapho, kwaye ucinge ngokucwangcisa inqwelomoya ekhethekileyo ukukhumbula eso sihlandlo.
Imfundo noQeqesho oluQhubekayo: Uhambo alupheli apha. Ukuhamba ngeenqwelomoya licandelo elihlala livela, kwaye imfundo eqhubekayo ibalulekile ekugcineni izakhono zakho kunye nokuhlala ngoku kunye notshintsho lweshishini. Cinga ngokulandela amareyithingi awongezelelweyo, njengesixhobo okanye iireyithingi zeenjini ezininzi, ukukhulisa iziqinisekiso zakho kunye nokwandisa amathuba akho okubhabha.
isiphelo
Ukwazi ukuba ungalifumana njani iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba linyathelo lokuqala lokuya kuhambo olunika umdla ngenqwelomoya. Ukusuka ekuqondeni iintlobo zeelayisensi ezifumanekayo ukuya ekugqibezeleni uqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha, inyathelo ngalinye libalulekile ukuze ube ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya onempumelelo. Ngokuzinikezela, ukuzinikela, kunye nenkxaso efanelekileyo kwisikolo sakho sokubhabha esikhethiweyo, unokuguqula iphupha lakho lokubhabha libe yinyani. Yamkela uhambo, yonwabele inkqubo yokufunda, kwaye uye esibhakabhakeni ngokuzithemba!
Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokuhlawulela isikolo sokubhabha.
