Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelomoya ukusuka kuqeqesho ukuya kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo moya

Inqwelo moya enkulu ayisoloko ingumsebenzi wokuqala womqhubi wenqwelo moya. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelo moya liquka uqeqesho lokubhabha, amava okwakha ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-ATP zeeyure ezili-1,500, kunye nokubhabha rhoqo kwinkampani yeenqwelo moya yengingqi ngaphambi kokuba iye kwinkampani yeenqwelo moya enkulu; ngokutsho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, iiyure ezili-1,500 zexesha lokubhabha liyimfuneko kumntu ofaka isicelo se-ATP yeenjini ezininzi e-US. Abanye abaqhubi beenqwelo moya bengingqi bafikelela kwinkampani yeenqwelo moya enkulu njengegosa lokuqala kwiminyaka emihlanu nje kuphela.

Kusengqiqweni ukubuza ukuba ungalishiya na inqanaba leenkampani zeenqwelo-moya zengingqi. Kukho iindlela zokuqesha ngqo, kodwa ixesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi wokuqhuba lixhomekeke kwiziqinisekiso, amava, kunye neemfuno zokuqesha inkampani nganye yeenqwelo-moya.

Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela uqeqesho nokwakha iiyure zokubhabha eziyila ngayo indlela, apho umsebenzi womqeqeshi kunye neenqwelo moya zengingqi zihambelana khona, kunye nendlela imithetho yomvuzo kunye nomhlalaphantsi enokuyichaphazela ngayo ukhetho lwexesha elide. Uza kubona nokuba kutheni indlela ekhawulezayo ingabi yeyona ifanelekileyo rhoqo kunye neendlela abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanokuziqwalasela ngelixa besebenzela inkampani enkulu yeenqwelo moya.

Ingakanani iminyaka yomhlalaphantsi enyanzelekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya?

Kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo moya yase-US Part 121, iminyaka yomhlalaphantsi enyanzelekileyo yomqhubi wenqwelo moya yiminyaka engama-65 phantsi kwemigaqo yangoku ye-FAA yamazwe ngamazwe neyasekhaya. Loo mda ubumba ubude bomsebenzi weenqwelo moya, kodwa awuchazi ukuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya angaqala nini. Okokuqala, abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla kufuneka bafumane izatifikethi, bakhe ixesha elifanelekileyo lokubhabha, kwaye bahlangabezane neemfuno zomsebenzi abawufunayo.

Umfaki-sicelo we-ATP weenjini ezininzi zase-US kufuneka abe neminyaka engama-23 ubudala ubuncinci. Ngokutsho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ahlangabezane nezi mfuno zexesha lokubhabha:

• Ixesha lilonke lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya: Iiyure ze1,500.
• Ixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe: Iiyure ze500.
• Ixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ebusuku: Iiyure ze100.
• Ixesha lokubhabha kwesixhobo: Iiyure ze75.

Ezi ziindidi zamava ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwemfuneko yeeyure ezibanzi. Landelela udidi ngalunye, hayi nje kuphela isimbuku, njengoko uceba uqeqesho lokubhabha kwaye ulungiselela usetyenziso lwe-ATP.

Iimfuno zonyango, imfundo, kunye nemvelaphi: Abafakizicelo be-US Airline Transport Pilot bafuna isatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yokuqala, ekufuneka sihlaziywe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Imfundo inokuchaphazela ukufaneleka kwe-ATP okulinganiselweyo: ngokutsho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, izifundo zeenqwelo moya ezifanelekileyo ezinesidanga esidibeneyo zinokufikelela ukufaneleka kwiiyure ezili-1,250. Izifundo ze-bachelor's degree ezifanelekileyo kunye nezifundo zeenqwelo moya zinokufikelela kwiiyure ezili-1,000. Ukufaneleka kwe-ATP okulinganiselweyo kunokuqala kwiminyaka engama-21 ubudala.

Amanyathelo okuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya eMelika: Qala ngoqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abazimeleyo, uze ufumane uvavanyo lwezixhobo, isatifikethi sorhwebo, kunye novavanyo lweenjini ezininzi. Uqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abazimeleyo ludibanisa imiyalelo kunye nokubhabha wedwa, kwaye abafaki-zicelo kufuneka bahlangabezane neemfuno zesatifikethi ezifanelekileyo. Kamva, yakha amava kwaye uhlangabezane neemfuno zesatifikethi somsebenzi weenqwelo moya.

Ixesha loqeqesho: Indlela ye-academy eya ekubeni ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya iqikelelwa kwiinyanga ezili-10-12, ngelixa uqeqesho lwexeshana lokubhabha ukuya kwisatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelo moya worhwebo lungathatha iminyaka eliqela nangaphezulu. Ishedyuli ixhomekeke kwisantya soqeqesho kunye nendlela umfundi anokubhabha ngayo rhoqo. Abaphumeleleyo abaneeyure zenkqubo ezimalunga nama-300 banokudinga iiyure ezongezelelweyo ezimalunga ne-1,200 ukuze bafikelele kwi-1,500.

Kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo-moya neyempahla, gxila kwisatifikethi kunye nokusebenza, kungekuphela nje kwisikhundla somsebenzi. Umlinganiselo we-ATP weeyure ezili-1,500 usebenza kumfaki-sicelo we-ATP weenjini ezininzi wase-US; iimfuno zokuqesha impahla zixhomekeke ekusebenzeni kweenqwelo-moya kunye nomqeshi. Ukufikelela kumlinganiselo akufani nokufumana umsebenzi. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bafanelekele indima ethile kwaye bagqibezele inkqubo yokuqesha nokuqeqesha yomqeshi.

Imisebenzi yegosa lokuqala leenqwelo moya yengingqi idla ngokwenza inqanaba lokwakha amava phakathi kokufikelela kwi-ATP efanelekileyo kunye nokufaka isicelo kwiinqwelo moya ezinkulu. Isigaba sengingqi esichaziweyo sithatha iiyure zokubhabha ezili-1,500 ukuya kwezi-3,000. Kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya abadweba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelo moya, umahluko ubalulekile: ukufikelela kwiiyure ezili-1,500 kudibana nomda obalulekileyo, ngelixa amava ongezelelweyo eenqwelo moya anokuxhasa inkqubela phambili yomsebenzi kamva.

Umqeqeshi wendiza oqinisekisiweyo kunye nemisebenzi yomqhubi wenqwelomoya yenkampani

Emva kokufumana iziqinisekiso zorhwebo, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya banokwakha amava ngokufundisa okanye imisebenzi yokubhabha ehlawulelwayo. Ukufaneleka kwe-ATP okulinganiselweyo kuxhomekeke kwimfundo kunye nezifundo ezifanelekileyo zokubhabha.

Uvavanyo kunye namava oMqeqeshi weNqwelo-moya

Isatifikethi somqeqeshi wenqwelomoya senza umqhubi wenqwelomoya afanelekele ukufundisa izakhono neenkqubo zokubhabha ezivunyiweyo. Abaqeqeshi baguqula ulwazi lwabo lube zizifundo ezicwangcisiweyo ngelixa besakha amathuba okubhala amava okubhabha. Le ndima ifuna unxibelelwano olucacileyo, ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwezifundo, kunye nokugweba okufanelekileyo kwinqwelomoya, izakhono ezibalulekileyo nakwii-cockpits zeenqwelomoya.

Imiyalelo yokuhamba ngenqwelomoya inokuba linqanaba lokwakha ixesha elibekelwe bucala ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe izicelo zeenqwelomoya. Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo lomgca womqeqeshi lithatha iinyanga ezili-12-18, kwaye umsebenzi udibanisa ukubhabha nokulungiselela, ukulandelela inkqubela yabafundi, kunye nokuxoxisana. Le ndlela ifanele abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abafuna ukuqinisa ulwazi lwabo ngelixa benceda abaqeqeshwayo ukuba basebenzele isatifiketi sokuqhuba. Amava akwafuna umonde: iimfuno zokufunda zomfundi ngamnye zibumba isantya kunye nokugxila kwezifundo.

Imisebenzi Yokubhabha Ehlawulelwayo Yokwakha Ixesha Lokubhabha

Imisebenzi yokubhabha ehlawulelwayo ivumela abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba bafumane imali ngelixa befumana amava okusebenza ngaphandle kwesikolo sokubhabha. Ezinye iindlela ziquka imiyalelo yokubhabha, iinkonzo zokuqesha, imisebenzi yeenqwelo moya ezimfutshane, kunye neenqwelo moya zoshishino. Abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abasebenzisa ixesha eliphantsi banokulandela ukujikeleza imibhobho yeoyile okanye ukurhuqa iibhena. Umsebenzi ngamnye unemisebenzi eyahlukileyo, ngoko ke linganisa amava akunika wona uthelekise neenjongo zakho zeenqwelo moya zexesha elizayo.

Ukubhabha kwamashishini kunye nokuqesha abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kunokubeka abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kwimisebenzi yabakhweli, kwiimfuno zeshedyuli, nakwiinkqubo zabasebenzi abangochwephesha. Umyalelo ugxile ekufundiseni nasekuvavanyeni, ngelixa umsebenzi wokujikeleza okanye wokurhuqa ugxile ekugqibezeni imisebenzi abayabelweyo ngokukhuselekileyo. Thelekisa iindima ngamava abawakhayo, kungekuphela nje ngezihloko zabo. Ukufaneleka okufanelekileyo kuxhasa uphuhliso lwezakhono kwaye kukunika uxanduva olucacileyo lokuxoxa ngalo kudliwanondlebe.

Ukufaneleka kwe-ATP okulinganiselweyo kunokunciphisa umda wexesha lokubhabha kwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanemfundo efanelekileyo. Ngokutsho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, umqhubi wenqwelo moya onedigri edibeneyo kunye nekhosi yeenqwelo moya efanelekileyo unokufikelela kwi-ATP elinganiselweyo kwiiyure ezili-1,250. Ngokutsho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, umqhubi wenqwelo moya onedigri ye-bachelor kunye nekhosi yeenqwelo moya efanelekileyo unokufikelela kwi-ATP elinganiselweyo kwiiyure ezili-1,000. Ezi ndlela zinemigangatho yemfundo echaziweyo; isidanga ngokwaso asibonisi ukufaneleka.

Kwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abangenazo izifundo zokuqhuba ngenqwelo moya zaseyunivesithi, ukufaneleka okulinganiselweyo kwe-ATP kufuna iiyure ezili-1,500 zexesha lokuhamba ngenqwelo moya lilonke. Indlela yesatifikethi kunye nemfundo efanelekileyo zimisela ukuba yeyiphi imida esebenzayo. Gcina iirekhodi zeenqwelo moya zicwangciswe ngokwezigaba zamava, kwaye uzifanise neemfuno ezifanelekileyo kwindlela yakho. Loo ngqeqesho inceda abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba bachonge inyathelo elilandelayo endaweni yokuphatha ixesha lilonke njengomlinganiselo wokuqhubela phambili kuphela.

Umsebenzi womfundisi unokuba luncedo ngakumbi xa ufuna ishedyuli yokubhabha ecwangcisiweyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa okuqhubekayo kunye neenkqubo eziphambili. Isikolo seFlight e-USA's uqeqesho lwenqwelomoya inokunceda abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanomdla ekwakheni isiseko sokubhabha ngobuchwephesha kwaye bacinge ngendlela imiyalelo ehambelana ngayo nesicwangciso sabo somsebenzi.

Imisebenzi yovavanyo lwenqanaba lokuqala

Kumqhubi wenqwelo moya omtsha, umsebenzi wokuqala ohlawulelwayo udla ngokudibanisa ukubhabha kunye nokwakha amava. Imiyalelo yokubhabha, izikhundla zesikhulu seenqwelo moya zengingqi, ukujikeleza ngemibhobho, kunye nokurhuqa iibhena ziindawo zokuqala ezahlukeneyo. Nganye iphuhlisa izakhono ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke thelekisa imisebenzi neenjongo zakho zexesha elide. Umsebenzi omkhulu weenqwelo moya linyathelo lomsebenzi ozayo kamva, ayilokuphela komlinganiselo wenkqubela phambili.

Ukufundisa ngenqwelomoya lukhetho oluqhelekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanesatifikethi sokufundisa esifanelekileyo. Abafundisi-ntsapho bafundisa abafundi, babonise iinkqubo, kwaye bavavanye ukusebenza ngexesha lezifundo. Le ndima ifuna unxibelelwano olucacileyo kunye nezakhono zokuphatha iinqwelomoya, kwaye inokwakha amava ngelixa inika umvuzo. Ukufundisa kukwaqinisa ukuqonda kobugcisa: abafundisi-ntsapho kufuneka bachaze izigqibo, bangagcini nje ngokwenza iinkqubo.

Eminye imisebenzi yexesha eliphantsi ibandakanya ukubhabha okukhethekileyo endaweni yokufundisa. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abajonga imibhobho yeoyile bajonga iindlela, ngelixa abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abarhuqa iibhena beqhuba iinqwelo-moya abazinikiweyo ngeebhena zentengiso. Iinkonzo zokuqesha, imisebenzi yeenqwelo-moya eziqhekezayo, kunye neenqwelo-moya zoshishino zibonelela ngamanye amathuba okubhabha ahlawulelwayo. Imisebenzi iyahluka ngokusebenza, iinqwelo-moya, kunye nomqeshi, ngoko ke isihloko somsebenzi sodwa asizukukuxelela ukuba zeziphi izakhono oza kuziphuhlisa.

• Umqeqeshi weenqwelo moya: ufundisa izakhono zokubhabha kwaye wakha amava ngezifundo zabafundi.
• Umqhubi wepatroli yombhobho: Iimpukane zabelwe iindlela zokujonga iziseko zeoyile.
• Umqhubi wokutsala iibhena: iqhuba uhambo ngeenqwelo moya oluthwala iibhena zentengiso.
• Umqhubi wenqwelomoya oqeshisayo okanye weshishini: ufumana amava kwimisebenzi yokubhabha yabakhweli kunye neyeshishini.

Isikhundla sokuba ligosa lokuqala leenqwelo moya zengingqi yenye indawo ephambili yokungena kwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abahlangabezana neemfaneleko ezifanelekileyo. Isigaba sengingqi sidla ngokubekwa phakathi kweeyure zeenqwelo moya ezili-1,500 kunye ne-3,000. Elo nqanaba lichaza inqanaba lokwakha amava, hayi ishedyuli yokunyuswa esisigxina. Amagosa okuqala afumana amava okusebenza kweenqwelo moya ngelixa esebenza njengenxalenye yabasebenzi kwaye elandela iinkqubo zomthwali.

Ezinye izikolo zeenqwelo moya zisebenzisana neenqwelo moya zengingqi, zivumela abaphumeleleyo ukuba bafumane i-ATP ngexesha loqeqesho lokuqala lweenqwelo moya emva kokuqeshwa. Oku kunokudibanisa uqeqesho nethuba elinokubakho leenqwelo moya, kodwa umsebenzi usaxhomekeke ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zenkqubo kunye nenkampani. Buza indlela indlela eqhuba ngayo izatifikethi, amanqaku, iirekhodi zeeyure zeenqwelo moya, kunye neziganeko zoqeqesho. Ezi nkcukacha zicacisa into ekufuneka uyigqibe ngaphambi kokuba uqale imisebenzi yeenqwelo moya.

Khetha umsebenzi wokuqala ngokunxulumanisa umsebenzi wawo wemihla ngemihla namava owafunayo ngokulandelayo. Umqeqeshi wexesha elizayo kufuneka akuxabise ukufundisa kunye nenkqubela phambili yabafundi; umfaki-sicelo wenqwelomoya wengingqi kufuneka alungiselele iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwabasebenzi. Kwimisebenzi yokujikeleza imibhobho okanye yokurhuqa, qonda umsebenzi kunye noxanduva lweenqwelomoya. Ukhetho olujolise ngqo lwenza uhambo ngalunye olugciniweyo lube yinxalenye yendlela ecwangcisiweyo eya ekubhabheni ngenqwelomoya.

Imisebenzi yokungena kwinqanaba lokuqala inokunceda abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ukuba bachonge indawo abayithandayo yokusebenza. Ukufundisa kubandakanya izifundo eziphindaphindiweyo kunye nokusebenzisana ngqo nabafundi, ngelixa ukuqesha inqwelo-moya kuphakathi kohambo lomntu ngamnye. Umsebenzi weenqwelo-moya wengingqi uzisa imisebenzi yeenqwelo-moya ecwangcisiweyo. Thelekisa ezi zicwangciso nezinto eziza kuqala kumsebenzi wakho, uze ukhethe ithuba eliphuhlisa amava afanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphatha nawuphi na umsebenzi njengendlela eqinisekisiweyo eya kwinqwelo-moya enkulu.

Ucwangciso lomsebenzi kunye neendlela zokuxhasa

Iingozi zomsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelomoya ziquka ukuqesha abasebenzi, ukufuduka okude kunokuba bekucwangcisiwe phakathi kwemisebenzi, kunye neemfuno zokugcina iziqinisekiso. Nciphisa ukuphazamiseka ngokubeka ezinye iinjongo zeenqwelomoya kunye nokuzijonga kwakhona kwinqanaba ngalinye loqeqesho okanye lomsebenzi.

Yakha isicwangciso esijikeleze amanqanaba omsebenzi, kungekhona isibonelelo esinye seenqwelo-moya. Chonga iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo kwindima yakho ekujoliswe kuyo, uze ukhethe umsebenzi wexeshana ofanelekileyo ophuhlisa amava afanelekileyo. Hlola kwakhona isicwangciso sakho xa uqeqesho luphela, xa uqala ukufumana umvuzo njengomqhubi wenqwelo-moya, kwaye xa izicelo zeenqwelo-moya ziba yinto ephambili. Oku kugcina intshukumo nganye inenjongo.

Hlala ucinga ngamacandelo amaninzi okubhabha. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zorhwebo banokuthi balandele imisebenzi yokuhlola, umsebenzi wokuqesha, ukurhuqa iibhena, okanye imisebenzi yokuntywila esibhakabhakeni. Le misebenzi yahlukile kwiinqwelo-moya, umsebenzi, kunye nokunxibelelana nabakhweli, ngoko ke cinga ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi ehambelana nezakhono zakho kunye neshedyuli oyithandayo. Ukubhabha kweenqwelo-moya, umzekelo, kunika indawo yokusebenza eyahlukileyo kuphando lwasemoyeni.

Ukuhamba ngenqwelo moya emkhosini yenye indlela eyahlukileyo, kodwa kubandakanya ukuzinikela okukhulu kwinkonzo. Abaviwa bomqhubi wenqwelo moya emkhosini waseMelika bagqiba inkqubo yokuqesha amagosa ngaphambi koqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelo moya, kwaye uqeqesho oluzinzileyo lufuna isidanga se-bachelor ngaphambi kokuba uqeqesho luqale. Emva kokufumana amaphiko abo, abaqhubi beenqwelo moya bahlala bekhonza ubuncinci iminyaka esi-8 kwiNavy okanye iminyaka eli-10 kwi-Air Force. Ezo mbopheleleko zibonakala xa umqhubi wenqwelo moya womkhosi enokulandela umsebenzi weenqwelo moya oqhelekileyo.

Cwangcisa indima yokuba ngumntu omdala, nayo. Umyalelo wokuqeshwa kweenqwelo moya uchaphazela isikhundla somqhubi wenqwelo moya kuluhlu lwabantu abadala, nto leyo echaphazela inkqubela phambili yomsebenzi. Ukungena kwimarike yeenqwelo moya kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ngaphambili kunokubeka umqhubi wenqwelo moya amawaka ezikhundla eziphezulu; kwiminyaka engama-30 yomsebenzi, loo ngeniso yangaphambili iqikelelwa ukuba yongeza i-$1,000,000 kwimali engenayo yobomi bonke. Oku kwenza isantya soqeqesho kunye nokulungiselela umsebenzi kube yinto esebenzisekayo yokucwangcisa, kungekhona nje iinkcukacha zekhalenda.

Imfuno yeshishini inokunceda izigqibo eziza kuthatha ixesha elide ngaphandle kokubeka isiphumo somntu. I-Boeing iqikelele imfuno yabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abangama-790,000 kwiminyaka engama-20 ezayo. Elo qikelelo libonelela ngomxholo obanzi, ngelixa amathuba omntu ngamnye esaxhomekeke kwiziqinisekiso, iimfuno zokuqesha, kunye nokukhetha umsebenzi. Gcina izicwangciso zakho ziguquguquka endaweni yokuthembela kumqeshi omnye okanye kwicandelo elinye.

• Indlela ephambili: landela iziqinisekiso zokuqhuba inqwelo moya kunye namava afanelekileyo okubhabha.
• Enye indlela yokubhabha: Cinga ngomsebenzi wokuqeshisa, wokuhlola, wokudonsa iibhena, okanye wokukhwela i-skydiving.
• Indlela yomkhosi: qwalasela ukuthunywa, iimfuno zesidanga, uqeqesho, kunye neembopheleleko zenkonzo.
• Inqaku lophononongo: phinda uhlole indlela ohamba ngayo emva koqeqesho, ngexesha ngalinye lokutshintsha umsebenzi, kwaye njengoko izicelo zeenqwelo-moya ziba ngokoqobo.

Isicwangciso esicwangcisiweyo sokuxhasa sinceda ukugcina isantya xa indlela yenqwelo moya ekhethwayo ithatha ixesha elide. Khetha ezinye iindlela ezakha izakhono zokubhabha, ezibonelela ngengeniso, okanye ezihambelana nezinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini bakho. Kumfundi olandela umsebenzi weenqwelo moya eMelika, ukuguquguquka kuthetha ukuba nenyathelo elilandelayo lokulungiselela, ungayeki usukelo lokuqala.

Imbuyekezo yomqhubi wenqwelomoya ngokwesigaba somsebenzi

Imbuyekezo yomqhubi wenqwelomoya iyahluka ngokwendima, isikhundla sakhe esiphezulu, kunye nenqanaba leenqwelomoya. Ingeniso yomqeqeshi wenqwelomoya yahlukile kweyegosa lokuqala lengingqi, ngelixa ukapteni weenqwelomoya ezinkulu ekwindlela yakhe yomsebenzi kamva. Ukuthelekisa umvuzo ngenqanaba kunika abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abangoochwephesha umfanekiso ocacileyo kunokuphatha umsebenzi weenqwelomoya njengodidi olunye lomvuzo. Ikwabonisa isizathu sokuba umsebenzi wokuqala wokubhabha kunye nenjongo yexesha elide kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunye.

La manani achaza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, kungekhona izikhundla ezifanayo: uqeqesho lugxile ekufundiseni, ngelixa igosa lokuqala lengingqi lisebenza njengenxalenye yabasebenzi beenqwelo moya. Cinga ngendima, umqeshi, kunye nenqanaba lobudala xa uvavanya oko inqanaba elithile linokukubonelela ngako.

Umvuzo wengingqi uyanyuka ngokunyuswa. Igosa lokuqala elisuka kumsebenzi wokufundisa ukuya kwinqwelo moya yengingqi linokubona iprofayili yembuyekezo eyahlukileyo, kunye nenkqubela phambili ngakumbi njengoko amava kunye neminyaka yobudala ikhula. Ixesha lokunyuswa liyahluka, ngoko ke musa ukuthatha umvuzo wekapteni njengesiphumo esikhawulezileyo sokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya yengingqi.

Kwiinkampani ezinkulu zeenqwelo moya zaseMelika, amathuba okufumana umvuzo ayanda kakhulu njengoko abaqhubi beenqwelo moya befumana amava e-turbine baze banyuke babe yi-captain. Olu luhlu lugubungela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo obudala kunye nezikhundla, ngoko ke akufuneki lufundwe njengomvuzo oqhelekileyo womqhubi ngamnye ohamba phambili emva kwexesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi womqhubi weenqwelo moya.

Iinqwelo-moya kunye nomsebenzi nazo zichaphazela uthelekiso. Iinqwelo-moya zomkhosi zibonelela ngenye indlela yomsebenzi, kodwa amanani embuyekezo angasentla achaza iindima zokubhabha zabantu abaqhelekileyo. Thelekisa inqanaba lomsebenzi kunye nomxholo wokusebenza ngaphambi kokuthelekisa ubungakanani bentloko.

Into eluncedo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele kukuvavanya yonke inkqubela phambili, kungekuphela nje umvuzo wokuqala. Uqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelo moya lukhokelela kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nemivuzo, kwaye isikhundla esiphezulu sinokutshintsha imbuyekezo njengoko umsebenzi ukhula. Ukuba uceba ukubhabha ngobuchwephesha, phonononga uqeqesho lokubhabha olugxile kumsebenzi kunye neFlight School USA njengendlela yokulungiselela amanqanaba angaphambili.

Isikolo seenqwelomoya e-USA: Inkqubo yoMsebenzi weXabiso eliQinisekisiweyo

I-Flight School USA inikezela ngeNkqubo yoMsebenzi weXabiso eliSigxina kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanqwenelayo abaceba umsebenzi wobuchwephesha weenqwelo moya. Kusenokuba linyathelo elilandelayo elifanelekileyo xa ulungele ukutshintsha ukusuka ekuthelekiseni izigaba zomsebenzi ukuya ekukhetheni uqeqesho lokubhabha oluhambelana neenjongo zeenqwelo moya.

Inkqubo ye-CFI Fast Track kunye neNkqubo yoLungiselelo lweeNqwelo-moya zijongana nezinye izinto ezichaphazela ukuqhubela phambili kweenqwelo-moya zorhwebo. Amajoni anamava anokuhlola uqeqesho lwe-GI Bill Flight, ngelixa abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe banokuqwalasela iiNkonzo zoKwamkelwa kwe-M1 Visa zoqeqesho lokubhabha eMelika. Isibonelelo ngasinye sinxulumene neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zoqeqesho, ngoko ke inyathelo lakho elilandelayo lixhomekeke ekubeni ukuphi kwisicwangciso sakho somsebenzi.

Hlola inkqubo ehambelana nesikhokelo sakho, uze uqhagamshelane neFlight School USA ukuze uxoxe ngezicwangciso zakho zoqeqesho lokubhabha.

Beka iNqaku Elilandelayo Lomsebenzi Wakho

Imisebenzi yeenqwelo moya iphuhliswa ngokukhetha ngabom, kungekhona isigqibo esinye esenziwe kwasekuqaleni. Chonga isiqinisekiso okanye amava abalulekileyo alandelayo, uze ukhethe uqeqesho oluhambelana nomsebenzi wokubhabha ofuna ukuwulandela. Oku kwenza ixesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelo moya libe sisixhobo sokucwangcisa, kungekhona ishedyuli eqinileyo ekufuneka uyilandele ngqo.

I-Flight School USA inikezela ngeNkqubo yoMsebenzi eQinisekisiweyo yabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla, iNkqubo ye-CFI Fast Track kwabo bafuna ukufundiswa ngenqwelo moya, kunye noQeqesho lwe-GI Bill Flight lwamajoni afanelekileyo. Cinga ngendlela ehambelana nenqanaba lakho langoku kunye nesikhokelo osifunayo njengoko ukhetha inyathelo lakho elilandelayo loqeqesho.

Ukuba ukulungele ukuguqula injongo yakho yomsebenzi ibe yisicwangciso soqeqesho, nxibelelana neFlight School USA ukuze uxoxe ngendlela yakhoInyathelo elilandelayo elijolise ngqo lingenza iinjongo zakho zeenqwelo moya zibe nolwakhiwo kunye nomfutho. Gcina imigangatho yakho iphezulu, hlala uziphethe kakuhle kulo lonke inqanaba, kwaye uqhubekele phambili unenjongo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Ngaba ungatsiba iinkampani zeenqwelo moya zengingqi uze uye ngqo kwinkampani enkulu yeenqwelo moya?

Ewe, ungafaka isicelo ngqo kwinkampani enkulu, kodwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesatifikethi kuphela kusenokungahambelani nokukhetha kwayo ukuqesha. Iinkampani ezininzi ezinkulu zeenqwelo-moya zikhetha abafaki-zicelo abaneeyure zokubhabha ezingaphezu kwama-3,000 kunye neeyure ezingama-500 ubuncinane njengomqhubi wenqwelo-moya olawula omnye umqhubi weCandelo 121. Thelekisa amava akho neziqinisekiso ezichaziweyo zendima, kwaye ucinge ukuba omnye umsebenzi weenqwelo-moya ungasiqinisa na isicelo sakho ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke ngqo.

Yintoni eyenzekayo?

Emva kokuba inkampani yeenqwelo-moya iqeshe umqhubi wenqwelo-moya, uqeqesho lwenkampani luza ngaphambi kokuba inqwelo-moya ihambe ngaphandle kolwalathiso. Ngaphambi kokuba ikhutshwe iye kumqhubi wenqwelo-moya, umqhubi wenqwelo-moya kufuneka agqibe ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-25 zamava okuqala okusebenza kunye nomphathi weenqwelo-moya ojonga umgca. Eli nqanaba lisebenzisa iinkqubo kwimisebenzi yokwenyani kwaye livavanya ukusebenza kwindawo yokusebenza yenkampani yeenqwelo-moya. Lungiselela utshintsho ngokugcina izatifikethi, iirekhodi zeenqwelo-moya, kunye namaxwebhu oqeqesho alungiselelwe uphononongo lomqeshi.

Zeziphi izatifikethi ze-FAA kunye novavanyo olufunekayo kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya?

Inkqubela phambili eqhelekileyo ibandakanya isatifikethi somqhubi wabucala, umlinganiselo wezixhobo, isatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelomoya, umlinganiselo weenjini ezininzi, kunye nesatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelomoya. Isiqinisekiso ngasinye sisebenza injongo eyahlukileyo: amalungelo abucala axhasa ukubhabha komqhubi olawulayo, umlinganiselo wezixhobo ugubungela iimeko zezixhobo, kwaye isatifikethi sorhwebo sivumela ukubhabha ukuze ufumane imbuyekezo okanye ukuqeshwa. Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya base-US kufuneka babe nesatifikethi se-ATP phantsi kweemfuno ezichazwe ukusukela ngo-2013.

Zingaphi iiyure zokubhabha ezifunekayo ukuze ufumane isatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelomoya wase-US?

Umntu ofaka isicelo se-ATP kwiinjini ezininzi e-US ngokubanzi udinga iiyure ezili-1,500 zizonke. Ngokutsho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, iimfuno zamava ziquka iiyure ezingama-500 zexesha lokuhamba ngenqanawa, iiyure ezili-100 zexesha lasebusuku, kunye neeyure ezingama-75 zexesha lezixhobo. Ezi ndidi zilandelelwa ngokwahlukeneyo, ngoko ke irekhodi yeeyure iyodwa ayizukubonisa ukuba imfuneko yamava nganye iyaneliswa na. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bahlele iirekhodi ngokwexesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya njengoko besakha amava.

Ingakanani iminyaka eqhelekileyo kunye nexesha lomsebenzi omele ube ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya?

E-United States, isatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelo moya sabucala sifuna ukuba umfaki-sicelo abe neminyaka eli-17 ubuncinci, ngelixa Umfaki-sicelo we-ATP oneenjini ezininzi kufuneka ubuncinane babe ngama-23. Indlela ye-ATP ethintelweyo inokufumaneka kuma-21 kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abafanelekileyo. Uqeqesho lwe-academy luqikelelwa kwiinyanga ezili-10-12, lulandelwe ngamanqanaba okwakha amava kunye nokuqesha. Ikhalenda iyahluka ngokwesantya soqeqesho, amathuba omsebenzi, iziqinisekiso, kunye neemfuno zokuqesha iinqwelo-moya.

Baqhuba njani abaqhubi beenqwelo moya zengingqi ukuya kwiinkampani ezinkulu zeenqwelo moya?

Abaqhubi beenqwelo moya bengingqi bakha amava okusebenza kweenqwelo moya, baqinise iirekhodi zabo, kwaye bafake izicelo kwizithuthi ezinkulu xa befanelekile. Amanye amagosa okuqala engingqi anokuba ngabaphathi beenqanawa kwiminyaka emi-2-3, ngelixa amanye abaqhubi beenqwelo moya bengingqi befudukela kwinkampani enkulu njengegosa lokuqala kwiminyaka emi-5 nje kuphela. Iinqwelo moya ezinkulu zihlala zikhetha iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-3,000 zizonke kunye neeyure ezingama-500 njengomqhubi wenqwelo moya olawulayo komnye umqhubi weCandelo 121, ngoko ke amava kunye nobudala zibalulekile zombini.

Zithini imivuzo eqhelekileyo yomqhubi wenqwelomoya kwinqanaba ngalinye lomsebenzi eMelika?

Zithini iimfuno zokuqesha umqhubi wenqwelo moya wase-US, ubudala, kunye nomhlalaphantsi?

Umfaki-sicelo we-ATP weenjini ezininzi e-US kufuneka abe neminyaka engama-23 ubudala, nangona abafaki-zicelo be-ATP abafanelekileyo abanokuvunyelwa ukuba basebenze kwi-21. Kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo-moya yeCandelo 121, iminyaka yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi enyanzelekileyo yiminyaka engama-65. Izinto ezikhethwayo zokuqesha zahlukile ngokwenkampani; iinqwelo-moya ezinkulu zihlala zikhetha abafaki-zicelo abanexesha elininzi kunye namava okuqhuba umqhubi weCandelo 121. Abafaki-zicelo bakwafuna izatifikethi ezifunekayo, amanqaku, iziqinisekiso zonyango, kunye noqeqesho lomqeshi kwisikhundla esithile.