ILayisensi yokuLitha yoMfundi (SPL) – Esona sikhokelo siGqwesileyo sokuFumana esinye

Yintoni iLayisensi yokuPilo yoMfundi (SPL)?

ILayisensi yokuLawulwa koMfundi (SPL) linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo kuye nabani na onqwenela ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya onelayisensi. Isebenza njengesango lokungena kwihlabathi lezophapho, ivumela abantu ukuba baqalise uqeqesho lwabo lokubhabha kwaye bafumane amava asebenzayo esibhakabhakeni. Eli phepha-mvume likhutshwa yi Ulawulo lwezoLawulo lwezoPhapho (i-FAA) kwaye inika umnini-moya ilungelo lokusebenzisa inqwelo-moya phantsi kweemeko ezithile kunye nemida.

ILayisensi yokuLiba aBafundi (SPL) ingaphezulu kunephetshana nje; kubonisa ukuzinikela ekufundeni izinto ezintsonkothileyo zokubhabha kunye nobuchule obufunekayo bokuhamba esibhakabhakeni ngokukhuselekileyo nangenkathalo. Imele isiqalo sohambo oluchulumancisayo olunokukhokelela kwikhondo lomsebenzi njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya oqeqeshiweyo okanye ukuzalisekisa nje iphupha lobomi bonke lokuya esibhakabhakeni.

Ngokwenyani, iLayisensi yokuLawula uMfundi ibubungqina bokuzinikela komntu ekulandeleni ukuthanda kwakhe ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nelitye lokunyathela elisingise ekuzuzeni ukuphakama okukhulu kushishino lwezophapho.

Kutheni uFumana iPhepha-mvume loKukhwela inqwelo-moya yoMfundi?

Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuPilot yoMfundi (SPL) linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo kuye nabani na onqwenela ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya. Eli phepha-mvume livula ihlabathi lamathuba kwaye libeka isiseko sekamva lakho kuphapho. Makhe siphonononge ezona zizathu ziphambili zokuba kutheni ukufumana iLayisensi yokuPilot yoMfundi (SPL) kubaluleke kangaka.

Okokuqala nokuphambili, ukuba neLayisensi yokuPilot yaBafundi (SPL) ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokusemthethweni inqwelomoya njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya phantsi kwesikhokelo umhlohli wokubhabha oqinisekisiweyo. Ngaphandle kweli phepha-mvume, awukwazi ukuqalisa uqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha okanye ufumane nawaphi na amava asebenzayo kwindawo yokusebenzela. Ukongeza, iLayisensi yokuLawulwa koMfundi (i-SPL) ikunika ukufikelela kwizixhobo ezixabiseke kakhulu ezifana nerenti yeenqwelomoya, izilingisi zenqwelomoya, kunye nezixhobo zokufundisa ezifunwa zizikolo ngenqwelomoya kubafundi bazo.

Mhlawumbi okona kubalulekileyo, iLayisensi yokuLawula uMfundi sisiseko esibalulekileyo sokufikelela kwimigangatho ephezulu yovavanyo lwezatifikethi zokuqhuba ezantsi kwendlela, njenge ILayisensi yokuLinga yaBucala kwaye Ilayisensi yokuLinga uRhwebo. Ulwazi kunye nezakhono ozifumanayo ngexesha loqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelomoya ziya kusebenza njengesiseko esiluqilima sosukelo lwakho lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya. Ukufumana eli phepha-mvume lokuqala kukwayimpumelelo enentsingiselo enokuphembelela inkuthazo kunye nokuzimisela kwakho njengoko uqhubeka nohambo lwakho loqeqesho lokubhabha.

IiMfuneko zokuFumana iPhepha-mvume lokuLibatha loMfundi

Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuPilo yoMfundi (i-SPL) linyathelo lokuqala elinika umdla, kodwa kukho iimfuneko ezimbalwa ekuya kufuneka uzihlangabeze endleleni. Ungakhathazeki, nangona kunjalo - ngokulungiselela kunye nesikhokelo, inkqubo ithe ngqo.

Enye yeendlela eziphambili yiminyaka yakho. Kufuneka ubuncinci ube neminyaka eli-16 ubudala ukuze wenze isicelo se-SPL, nangona ungakwazi ukubhabha nabakhweli de ube uneminyaka eli-17. Kananjalo kuya kufuneka uphumelele uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA oluqhutywa ngumntu ogunyazisiweyo. Aviation Medical Examiner. Inqanaba le isiqinisekiso sonyango okufunekayo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenqwelomoya kunye neenqwelomoya oceba ukuzenza.

Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwezonyango, kuya kufuneka uthathe kwaye uphumelele uvavanyo loLwazi lwe-FAA loMfundi wePilot. Oku kuvavanya ukuqonda kwakho iingqikelelo zokubhabha, ukusebenza kwenqwelomoya, kunye nemimiselo. Uya kubonelela ngamaxwebhu ezazisi afana nesatifikethi sokuzalwa okanye incwadana yokundwendwela, ufumane imvume yokhuseleko ye-TSA, kwaye ugcwalise ifom yeSicelo sokuLinga uMfundi. Nangona kubonakala ngathi zininzi iibhokisi zokujonga, iimfuno ziqinisekisa ukuba ululungele uqeqesho olukhuselekileyo.

Ukukhetha iSikole seFlight esiLungileyo soMfundi weLayisensi yokuLibatha (i-SPL)

Ukukhetha isikolo esifanelekileyo sokuhamba ngenqwelomoya sisigqibo esibalulekileyo esinokuchaphazela kakhulu amava akho oqeqesho lokubhabha kunye nomgangatho wemfundo oyifumanayo. Nazi ezinye izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha isikolo sokubhabha ngeLayisensi yokuLawula uMfundi (SPL):

Uqinisekiso kunye nodumo: Khangela izikolo zenqwelomoya ezivunyiweyo yimibutho eyaziwayo yezophapho, efana neFAA, kwaye zinegama eliqinileyo phakathi koluntu lwezomoya. Jonga uphononongo lwe-intanethi, ucele iingcebiso kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanamava, kwaye uphando ngerekhodi lokhuseleko lwesikolo kunye neziqinisekiso zokufundisa.

UQeqesho lweenqwelomoya kunye neZibonelelo: Vavanya imeko kunye neminyaka yenqwelomoya yoqeqesho esetyenziswa sisikolo sokubhabha. Iinqwelo-moya zale mihla, ezinyanyekelwa kakuhle zinokunikela amava okufunda amnandi nakhuselekileyo. Ukongezelela, qwalasela umgangatho wezixhobo zesikolo, kuquka amagumbi okufundela, izixhobo zokulingisa nezinye izixhobo zoqeqesho.

Indlela yokufundisa: Izikolo ngeenqwelomoya ezahlukeneyo zinokuba neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufundisa kunye neentanda-bulumko zokufundisa. Abanye banokugxininisa ngakumbi ixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, ngelixa abanye banokugxila kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi kunye nolwazi lwethiyori. Qinisekisa ukuba yeyiphi indlela ehambelana kakuhle nesimbo sakho sokufunda kunye nezinto ozikhethayo.

Ukuba bhetyebhetye kunye noCwangciso: Qwalasela ukuba bhetyebhetye kwishedyuli yesikolo senqwelomoya kunye nokubakho kwabahlohli. Ukuba unocwangciso oluxakekileyo okanye imiqobo yexesha elithile, khangela isikolo esinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho size sikunike amaxesha afanelekileyo oqeqesho.

IiNdleko kunye noKhetho lweNtlawulo: Uqeqesho ngenqwelomoya lunokuba lutyalo-mali olubalulekileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthelekisa iindleko zezikolo ngeenqwelomoya ezahlukeneyo kwindawo yakho. Khangela izakhiwo zamaxabiso ezicacileyo kwaye ubuze malunga nezicwangciso zentlawulo okanye iindlela zokuxhasa ngemali ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Indawo kunye noFikelelo: Indawo yesikolo sokuhamba ngenqwelomoya inokuchaphazela ixesha lakho lokuhamba kunye nokulula ngokubanzi. Qwalasela izikolo ekulula ukufikelela kuzo kwikhaya lakho okanye emsebenzini ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba kunye nokwandisa uqeqesho lwakho olusebenzayo.

Iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo kunye neziBonelelo: Ezinye izikolo zenqwelomoya zinokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezongezelelweyo kunye nezibonelelo ezingaphaya koqeqesho olusisiseko lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, njengokucetyiswa ngamakhondo omsebenzi, uncedo lokubekwa kwemisebenzi, okanye ubambiswano neenqwelomoya okanye iinkampani zenqwelomoya. Ezi zongezelelo zinokubonelela ngamathuba axabisekileyo omsebenzi wakho wokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kwixesha elizayo.

Ngokuphonononga ngononophelo ezi zinto kunye nokutyelela izikolo ezinokubakho ngenqwelomoya, unokwenza isigqibo esinolwazi kwaye ukhethe indawo yokufunda eyiyo ehambelana neenjongo zakho, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nezinto ozithandayo zokufunda.

Inkqubo yokuFaka isicelo seLayisensi yokuLinga yoMfundi

Ukufaka isicelo seLayisensi yokuBhalwa koMfundi (i-SPL) linyathelo elichulumancisayo ekufezekiseni amaphupha akho okubhabha. Ngelixa inkqubo ibandakanya iimfuno ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, yenzelwe ukuba icace xa usazi ukuba ulindele ntoni. Masingene kumanyathelo aphambili.

Izinto zokuqala kuqala, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iFomu yeSicelo sokuLinga uMfundi (FAA Form 8710-1). Le fomu ifuna iinkcukacha zobuqu ezisisiseko njengegama lakho, idilesi, umhla wokuzalwa, kunye nobume bokuba ngummi. Ukuba unawo nawaphi na amava okuhamba ngenqwelomoya okanye iziqinisekiso, uya kuchaza ezo nkcukacha nalapha. Icandelo elilandelayo elibalulekileyo kukufumana isiqinisekiso sonyango se-FAA esisebenzayo. Uza kuhlolwa nguMvavanyi wezoNyango ogunyazisiweyo we-Aviation Medical Examiner (AME), kwaye iklasi ethile yesatifikethi sikagqirha esifunekayo iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwenqwelomoya oceba ukuyibhabha kunye nohlobo lomsebenzi owufunayo.

Nje ukuba ube nesiqinisekiso sakho sobugqirha esiphindwe kabini, lixesha lokujonga uvavanyo loLwazi loMfundi we-FAA. Olu viwo lubanzi luvavanya ubuchule bakho bezihloko ezahlukeneyo zokubhabha, ukusukela kulwazi lomoya ukuya ekusebenzeni kwenqwelomoya kunye nemimiselo. Ungaluthatha olu vavanyo kwiziko lovavanyo elivunyiweyo okanye ngenkqubo esekwe kwikhompyuter.

Ukongeza kwifomu yesicelo kunye namaxwebhu ezonyango, kuya kufuneka unikezele ngesazisi esisemthethweni esikhutshwa ngurhulumente, ubungqina bokuba ngummi, kunye nengxelo yakho yovavanyo lolwazi oluphumeleleyo. Inyathelo lokugqibela libandakanya ukujonga ngasemva kokhuseleko lwe-TSA ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya.

Imithetho yeFAA kunye neziKhokelo zaBafundi beePilothi

Njengomfundi we-pilot, kubalulekile ukuqonda kunye nokuthobela imimiselo kunye nezikhokelo ezibekwe yi-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Le mithetho yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabo bonke umoya abasebenzisi kunye nokukhuthaza indlela esemgangathweni yoqeqesho lokubhabha. Nantsi eminye imigaqo ephambili ye-FAA kunye nezikhokelo zabaqhubi beenqwelomoya:

IiMfuneko zokubeka iliso: Abafundi abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka baqhube inqwelo-moya phantsi kweliso elithe ngqo lomqeqeshi ngenqwelomoya oqinisekisiweyo (i-CFI) okanye umqhubi wenqwelo-moya oqeqeshwe yi-CFI. Olu qwalaselo luyimfuneko de umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ongumfundi afumane iLayisensi yokuLibatha yaBucala (PPL).

Unyino kwiMisebenzi yeFlight yeSolo: Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya baxhomekeke kwimida ethile xa bebhabha bebodwa, njengale:

Ukusebenza kumgama ochaziweyo ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya okanye kwindawo yokuziqhelanisa
Ukubhabha kuphela ngexesha lemini
Ukunqanda indawo ezixineneyo kunye nendawo yomoya exakekileyo
Ukuthobela ubuncinci bemozulu ethile

Iingcebiso kunye namaNgeno eLogbook: Phambi kokwenza imisebenzi ethile ngenqwelomoya, abafundi abaqhubi beenqwelomoya kufuneka bafumane imvume kwii-CFIs zabo logbooks. Ezi ziqinisekiso zisebenza njengesigunyaziso kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba umfundi ufumene uqeqesho oluyimfuneko kunye nomyalelo.

IiMfuno zeSatifikethi soNyango: Abafundi abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka babambe isiqinisekiso sonyango se-FAA esisebenzayo, esifunyanwa ngokuhlolwa kwezonyango olwenziwa nguMvavanyi wezoNyango we-Aviation ogunyazisiweyo we-FAA (AME). Udidi lwesatifikethi sonyango olufunekayo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenqwelomoya kunye nokusebenza.

Ulwazi kunye neMigangatho yoVavanyo oluSebenzayo: I-FAA iseke ulwazi oluthile kunye nemigangatho yovavanyo olusebenzayo ekufuneka abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bahlangabezane nazo ukuze bafumane iLayisensi yokuLinga yaBucala (PPL). Le migangatho ichaza iinkalo zolwazi ezifunekayo, izakhono, kunye namanqanaba obugcisa.

Amaxwebhu eenqwelomoya kunye noLondolozo: Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangabafundi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba inqwelo-moya abayisebenzayo igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye inawo onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko, afana nezatifikethi zokuba semoyeni namaxwebhu obhaliso.

Indawo yomoya kunye nokusebenza kweSikhululo seenqwelomoya: Abafundi abaqhubi beenqwelo moya kufuneka baziqhelanise nokuhlelwa kwendawo yomoya, ukusebenza kwesikhululo seenqwelomoya, kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano. Kwakhona kufuneka bathobele yonke imiyalelo esebenzayo yolawulo lweenqwelo-moya kunye nolusulelo.

IiMfuno zeNgxelo: Abafundi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka baxele naziphi na iingozi, izehlo, okanye ukwaphulwa kwemithetho kwi-FAA ngexesha elibekiweyo.

Ngokuthobela le migaqo kunye nezikhokelo, abaqhubi beenqwelomoya bangaqinisekisa amava oqeqesho lokubhabha ekhuselekileyo kwaye athobelayo ngelixa belungiselela amakhondo abo okubhabha kwikamva.

ILayisensi yokuLawulwa koMfundi (SPL): Iiyure zoQeqesho kunye neFlight ziyafuneka

Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga yoMfundi (i-SPL) linyathelo lokuqala lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya onelayisensi, kodwa sisiqalo nje senkqubo yoqeqesho. Ukuqhubela phambili ukusuka kwiLayisensi yokuPilo yoMfundi (i-SPL) ukuya kwiLayisensi yokuLibatha yaBucala (PPL), kuya kufuneka uqokelele inani elithile leeyure zenqwelo-moya kwaye ugqibezele iimfuno ezithile zoqeqesho. Nalu ushwankathelo loqeqesho kunye neeyure zenqwelomoya ezifuneka ngokuqhelekileyo kwiLayisensi yokuQalwa koMfundi (SPL):

Isikolo samabanga aphantsi: Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise uqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha, kuya kufuneka ugqibezele olubanzi isikolo samabanga aphantsi kunjalo. Le khosi igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko, kubandakanywa iAerodynamics, iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya, ukukhangela, ithiyori yemozulu, kunye nemimiselo. Isikolo esiphantsi ngokuqhelekileyo sineeyure ezingama-40-60 ubude kwaye sinokugqitywa kwindawo yokufundela okanye ngezifundo ze-intanethi.

UQeqesho lwaphambi kokuhamba ngenqwelomoya eyedwa: Ngaphambi kokuba ubhabhe uwedwa, kuya kufuneka ugqibezele uthotho lwezifundo zokubhabha ezimbini kunye noMyaleli oQinisekisiweyo ngeFlight (CFI). Ngesi sigaba, uya kufunda iziseko zenqwelomoya, kuquka ukumka, ukuhla, izitali, kunye neenkqubo zikaxakeka. Uqeqesho lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya lwaphambi kokuba umntu eyedwa ngokuqhelekileyo lufuna iiyure ezili-15-20 zokufundisa kabini.

Uqeqesho ngenqwelomoya eyedwa: Nje ukuba i-CFI yakho ibone ukuba ulungile, uya kuvunyelwa ukuba ubaleke wedwa. Ngeli nqanaba, uya kuqhelisela izakhono ozifundileyo ngexesha lokufundisa kabini, kodwa ngaphandle komqeqeshi wakho ebhodini. Uqeqesho lwenqwelomoya yodwa lufuna iiyure ezili-10-15 zexesha lokubhabha yedwa.

UQeqesho lweNqwelo-moya yokuwela ilizwe: Ukufumana iPPL yakho, kuya kufuneka ugqibezele ubuncinci abathathu Iinqwelomoya ezinqumla ilizwe, ngalinye linomgama omncinci we-50 yeemayile zaselwandle. Ezi nqwelomoya ziya kukunceda uphuhlise izakhono zakho zokuhamba kunye nokucwangcisa. Uqeqesho lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya olunqumla ilizwe lufuna iiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-15 zexesha elimbini kunye nexesha lokubhabha yedwa.

Uqeqesho ngenqwelomoya yasebusuku: Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ugqibezele ubuncinci beeyure ezintathu zoqeqesho lwenqwelomoya yasebusuku, kubandakanywa ubuncinci iyure enye yomyalelo ophindwe kabini kunye nokumka ngobusuku obuhlanu kunye nokumisa.

Lilonke, i-FAA ifuna ubuncinci beeyure ezingama-40 zexesha lokubhabha ukuze ifumane iLayisensi yokuLawulwa kwaBucala, kubandakanywa ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-20 zemiyalelo emibini kunye neeyure ezingama-20 zexesha lokubhabha uwedwa. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi zezona mfuno zisezantsi, kwaye abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abaninzi banokufuna iiyure zoqeqesho ezongezelelweyo ukuphuhlisa izakhono eziyimfuneko kunye nobuchule.

Kukwafanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba uqeqesho kunye neeyure zenqwelo-moya ezifunekayo zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo okuyo, isikolo sokubhabha ofunda kuso, kunye nenkqubela phambili yakho. Abanye abaqhubi beenqwelomoya banokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza okanye kade kunabanye, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukusebenza ngokusondeleyo ne-CFI yakho kwaye ulandele isikhokelo sabo.

Iindleko eziBandakanyiweyo ekufumaneni iLayisensi yokuPila yoMfundi wakho

Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga yoMfundi (SPL) linyathelo elinika umdla, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda utyalo-mali olufunekayo. Iindleko zinokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwimiba efana nendawo okuyo, isikolo sokubhabha osikhethayo, kunye nesantya soqeqesho lwakho. Masicalule iindleko eziqhelekileyo onokuzilindela endleleni.

Enye yeendleko zokuqala oza kudibana nazo sisikolo samabanga aphantsi kunye neefizi zeemviwo ezibhaliweyo. Uninzi lwezikolo zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya zibonelela ngezifundo zesikolo samabanga aphantsi, nokuba kusegumbini lokufundela okanye kwi-intanethi, ukukulungiselela uvavanyo loLwazi loMfundi we-FAA. Ezi zifundo zinokuqala ukusuka kwi-200 ukuya kwi-500 yeedola, kuxhomekeke kwifomathi kunye nobude. Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka uqikelele iindleko zoviwo olubhaliweyo ngokwalo, oluwela phakathi kweedola ezingama-100 kunye ne-200 yeedola.

Inkcitho enkulu elandelayo lolona qeqesho lwenqwelomoya, olubalela isixa seendleko. Izikolo zeFlight zihlawulisa amaxabiso ngeyure kuyo yomibini imiyalelo emibini (noMyaleli weFlight oQinisekisiweyo) kunye nexesha lokubhabha yedwa. Amazinga omyalelo amabini anokuqala ukusuka kwi-200 yeedola ukuya kwi-500 yeedola ngeyure, ngelixa ixesha lokubhabha yedwa linokubiza naphi na ukusuka kwi-100 ukuya kwi-300 yeedola ngeyure. Ngaphezulu koko, kuya kufuneka ukuba ujongane nemirhumo yokurenta inqwelomoya, enokuba yi-100 yeedola ukuya kwi-300 yeedola ngeyure, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenqwelomoya.

Nantsi itheyibhile eqikelela iindleko ezinokubakho:

Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka wenze uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lovavanyo lwezonyango olufunekayo ukuze ufumane iLayisensi yakho yokuLawulwa koMfundi, enokubiza phakathi kweedola ezili-100 kunye needola ezingama-300. Ungalibali ukwenza ezinye iindleko eziziintlobo ngeentlobo ezifana nokubonelela (iingxowa zenqwelomoya, ii-headsets, iitshathi, iincwadi zelogi), ezinokudibanisa ukuya kumakhulu aliqela eedola ngaphezulu.

Izixhobo zokufunda kunye noLungiselelo loMviwo lwe-SPL

Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuPilot yoMfundi (SPL) kubandakanya ukuphumelela uVavanyo loLwazi loMfundi we-FAA, oluvavanya ukuqonda kwakho izihloko ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya. Ulungiselelo olululo lubalulekile kwimpumelelo kolu viwo, kwaye zininzi izixhobo zokufunda ezifumanekayo zokukunceda ufezekise injongo yakho. Nazi ezinye izixhobo zokufunda ezixabisekileyo kunye neengcebiso zokulungiselela iimviwo ze-SPL yakho:

Ushicilelo lwe-FAA kunye neNcwadana: I-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ibonelela ngobutyebi bolwazi kunye nezixhobo zokufunda ngokupapashwa kwayo kunye neencwadi. Ezinye izinto eziyimfuneko ziquka “iSikhokelo Sokuqhutywa Kweenqwelo-mafutha,” i-“Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge,” kunye ne-“Airplane Flying Handbook.” Ezi mpapasho zigubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko, ukusuka kwi-aerodynamics kunye neenkqubo zeenqwelomoya ukuya kwimimiselo kunye nokusebenza kwenqwelomoya.

Izifundo ze-Intanethi kunye neziKhokelo zokufunda: Izikolo ezininzi ngenqwelomoya kunye nemibutho yophapho ibonelela ngezifundo ze-intanethi kunye nezikhokelo zokufunda ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa uVavanyo loLwazi lokuLinga loMfundi. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zibandakanya izifundo ezisebenzisanayo, iikhwizi zokuziqhelanisa, kunye neengcaciso ezibanzi zezihloko zeemviwo. Ezinye iinketho ezidumileyo ziquka Uqeqesho Pilot Sporty kaThixo, Izikolo King, kunye Gleim Aviation.

Ziqhelanise novavanyo kunye neeBhanki zemibuzo: Ukuziqhelanisa nefomathi kunye neentlobo zemibuzo kuviwo lokwenene kubalulekile. Iiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kunye neeapps zibonelela ngeemvavanyo zokuziqhelanisa kunye neebhanki zemibuzo ezilinganisa uvavanyo loLwazi loMfundi lokwenyani. Ezi zixhobo zinokukunceda ukuba uchonge iindawo apho ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi kwaye uphucule izicwangciso zakho zokuthatha uvavanyo.

Iiklasi zeZikolo ezisezantsi: Izikolo ezininzi ngenqwelomoya zibonelela ngeeklasi zesikolo samabanga aphantsi ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukulungiselela abafundi kuVavanyo loLwazi lokuLinga loMfundi. Ezi klasi zibonelela ngeemeko zokufunda ezicwangcisiweyo, abahlohli abanolwazi, kunye namathuba eengxoxo ezisebenzisanayo kunye nokucaciswa.

Amaqela okufunda kunye nabacebisi: Ukwenza amaqela okufunda kunye nabanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya okanye ukufuna isikhokelo kubaqhubi abanamava okanye abahlohli kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Ukufunda ngentsebenziswano kunye nokwabelana ngamava kunokomeleza iikhonsepthi kunye nokubonelela ngeembono ezahlukeneyo malunga nemathiriyeli.

Amakhadi oonotsheluza kunye neeMnemonics: Ukudala amakhadi oonotsheluza okanye ukusebenzisa izixhobo zemnemonic kunokuba zizixhobo zokufunda ezisebenzayo zokunkqaya ulwazi oluyimfuneko, olufana nemimiselo, amagama amfutshane, kunye namanyathelo enkqubo.

Ulawulo lwexesha kunye noBuchule bokuLungiselela uVavanyo: Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwexesha kunye nezicwangciso zokulungiselela uvavanyo zibalulekile kwimpumelelo kuVavanyo loLwazi lwePilot yoMfundi. Ziqhelanise neemviwo ezibekelwe ixesha, phuhlisa ishedyuli yokufunda, kwaye uziqhelanise nemekobume yovavanyo kunye neenkqubo.

Khumbula, ukulungiselela ngundoqo ekuphumeleleni uVavanyo loLwazi lokuLinga loMfundi kunye nokufumana iLayisensi yokuPhila yoMfundi. Sebenzisa indibanisela yezi zibonelelo zokufunda, hlala uzinikele, kwaye ungalibazisi ukufuna isikhokelo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanamava okanye abahlohli xa kuyimfuneko.

Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwi-SPL ukuya kwiLayisensi yokuLinga yaBucala (PPL)

Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuLawulwa koMfundi (SPL) linyathelo lokuqala elingakholelekiyo, kodwa kubahambi ngeenqwelomoya abaninzi, eyona njongo iphambili kukufumana iLayisensi yokuPilo yaBucala (PPL). Esi satifikethi sibawela sivula ihlabathi lamathuba okubhabha kobuqu kunye nokuzonwabisa. Makhe siphonononge inkqubo yotshintsho ukusuka kwiSPL ukuya kwiPPL.

Enye yeemfuno eziphambili kukuqokelela ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-40 zexesha lokubhabha. Oku kubandakanya ubuncinane iiyure ze-20 zomyalelo ombini kunye noMyaleli we-Flight Certified (CFI) kunye neeyure ze-20 zexesha lokuhamba yedwa. Ngeli xesha loqeqesho, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iimfuno ezithile, ezinje ngenqwelomoya ezinqumla ilizwe, ukubhabha ebusuku, kunye noqeqesho lwezixhobo. Luhambo oluvuyisayo nolucela umngeni, kodwa i-CFI yakho iya kubakho ukukukhokela inyathelo ngalinye lendlela.

Ukongeza kuqeqesho lokubhabha, kuya kufuneka ujongane noVavanyo loLwazi lwe-FAA ye-Pilot yaBucala. Olu viwo lubanzi lubhaliweyo luvavanya ukuqonda kwakho ulwazi lwe-aeronautical, iinkqubo zenqwelomoya, imimiselo, kunye nokusebenza ngenqwelomoya. Ukulungiselela nofundisiso olufanelekileyo ngundoqo kwimpumelelo, ngoko qiniseka ukuba uchitha ixesha elaneleyo nomgudu ukuze uwazi kakuhle umbandela.

Wakuba uhlangabezane nalo lonke ixesha lokubhabha kunye neemfuno zolwazi, i-CFI yakho iya kuxhasa incwadi yakho yokungena, iqinisekisa ukuba ululungele uviwo olusebenzayo, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-“checkride.” Olu viwo luquka inxalenye yomlomo, apho umvavanyi we-FAA uya kuvavanya ulwazi lwakho lwe-aeronautical, kunye nenxalenye yendiza, apho uya kubonisa izakhono zakho zokubhabha kunye nobuchule. Sisiphelo sawo wonke umsebenzi wakho onzima noqeqesho, ke qiniseka ukuba uya kuso ngokuzithemba nangobuchule.

Emva kokugqiba ngempumelelo uviwo lwepraktikhali, uya kunikwa iLayisensi yakho yokuLinga yaBucala – impumelelo ebalulekileyo! Eli phepha-mvume likuvumela ukuba usebenzise inqwelo-moya ngeenjongo zobuqu nezokuzonwabisa, ukuthwala abakhweli, kwaye ubhabhe kwiindawo ezininzi zomoya ngaphandle kwemfuneko yolwamkelo olungaphaya okanye ukubeka iliso. Linyathelo elibalulekileyo elivula ihlabathi lamathuba, nokuba ujonge ukuphonononga iindawo ezintsha okanye ukonwabele nje inkululeko yokubhabha.

isiphelo

Ukufumana iLayisensi yakho yokuLawulwa koMfundi linyathelo lokuqala elivuyisayo kwilizwe lezophapho. Ngaso sonke esi sikhokelo, sihlole iimfuno eziphambili, iindleko, kunye neenkqubo ezibandakanyekayo ekufumaneni i-SPL yakho kunye nokuqalisa uhambo lwakho loqeqesho lokubhabha. Ngelixa ingumceli mngeni, le ndlela ikhokelela kwimivuzo emangalisayo kunye nenkululeko yokubhabha esibhakabhakeni.

Njengoko usiya phambili, sondela kwinqanaba ngalinye ngokuthanda, inkuthalo, kunye nokuzinikela okungagungqiyo kukhuseleko. Yayama kubahlohli abanolwazi, nxibelelana noluntu lweenqwelomoya, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ufuna amathuba okukhulisa izakhono zakho nokuqonda. Yamkela imiba ephambili endleleni kwaye uvumele impumelelo nganye ifuthe idrayivu yakho.

Indlela eya ekubeni ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya onelayisensi ineemvavanyo zayo, kodwa imbuyekezo yokuzibonela ngokwakho inqwelo-moya yenza wonke umgudu ube nemfaneleko. Nokuba ufuna ukufunda ngenqwelomoya njengomsebenzi okanye ukuzanelisa, iLayisensi yakho yokuLawulwa koMfundi ibeka isiseko sekamva elizaliswe ngamathuba angenasiphelo emoyeni.

Ukuba ulungele ukuguqula amaphupha akho okubhabha abe yinyani, iqela elizinikeleyo Florida Flyers Flight Academy ulapha ukukuxhasa. Abahlohli bethu abanamava kunye nezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zibonelela ngendawo efanelekileyo yokufumana i-SPL yakho kwaye wenze inkqubela-phambili ezinzileyo kwiinjongo zakho zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya.

Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neKhosi yeSikolo saBucala esiLingayo.