IiMfuno zeRhafu yeSixhobo abaqhubi beenqwelo moya base-USA kufuneka bahlangabezane nazo zingaphezulu nje koluhlu lokuhlola olulawulayo—balisango eliya ekhuselekileyo, elikwaziyo ukubhabha.
Ngaphandle kolu mlinganiselo, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya balinganiselwe kwiimeko zokubonwayo, ezinokukumisa iintsuku okanye zikuthintele kumathuba omsebenzi abalulekileyo. Nokuba uyacwangcisa na ube ngumqhubi wezorhwebo, Yakha iiyure zokufaneleka kwe-ATP, okanye ngokulula ukubhabha ngokuzithemba kwiimeko ezinzima, ukulinganisa isixhobo kubalulekile.
I-FAA inemigangatho ecacileyo yoqeqesho, iiyure zendiza, ukuvavanya, kunye nokusebenza kwe-checkride-kwaye ukulahlekelwa nayiphi na inkcukacha kunokubiza ixesha, imali, okanye ngakumbi, i-checkride engaphumelelanga.
Esi sikhokelo siyayichitha yonke into. Ukusuka kwiimfuno zexesha lokubhabha ukuya kwiimviwo ezibhaliweyo, Icandelo 61 vs. Icandelo 141 iindlela zoqeqesho, kunye nezibonelelo zokulinganisa-yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga neeMfuno zokuKhawulwa kweSixhobo e-USA ilapha.
Yintoni umlinganiselo weSixhobo-kwaye kutheni ufuna enye
Umlinganiselo wesixhobo sisongezo se-FAA kwisatifikethi sakho sokulingwa esikuvumela ukuba ubhabhe ngaphantsi IMithetho yeFlight yesixhobo (IFR)-Okuthetha ukuba unokuhamba phakathi kwamafu, ukubonakala okuphantsi, kunye ne-airspace elawulwayo usebenzisa izixhobo ze-cockpit kunye nemiyalelo ye-ATC.
Ngaphandle kwayo, ukhawulelwe ekubhabheni ngaphantsi Imithetho yeFlight ebonakalayo (VFR), ezikuvumela ukuba ucime isibhakabhaka, iiyure zemini, kunye nobuncinane bemozulu obuthile. Kulungile kwinqwelo moya yasekuhlaleni okanye yokuzonwabisa—kodwa akwanelanga kwimisebenzi yobungcali okanye yokunqumla ilizwe.
Ukuba ulandela ikhondo lomsebenzi wokubhabha, eli nqanaba linyathelo elingaxoxisiyo. Ifunelwa:
- Ukuqhubela phambili kweLayisensi yokuLinga uRhwebo (CPL).
- Ukufaneleka kwe-ATP (ATP).
- Umsebenzi weCharter, ushishino, kunye nomkhumbi
- Ukucwangcisa uhambo oluthembekileyo, ngakumbi ekutshintsheni imozulu
Cinga ngesixhobo sokukala njengomgca phakathi kokubhabha okusisiseko kunye nenqanaba lobuchwephesha. Ayingokuzikhethela-isisiseko.
Ukufaneleka kwiiMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo e-USA
Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise uqeqesho lwesixhobo, kufuneka uhlangabezane neendlela zokufaneleka ze-FAA. Ezi zizinto ezingaxoxiswana kwisakhelo se-Instrument Rating Requirements USA.
Ukuze ufaneleke, kufuneka:
- Bamba iLayisensi yokuLingwa kwaBucala (PPL) ekhutshwe phantsi kwemigaqo ye-FAA
- Funda, bhala, uthethe, kwaye uqonde isiNgesi ngokutyibilikayo
- Yiba nomsinga Isatifikethi sezoNyango seFAA (Iklasi 3 okanye ngaphezulu)
- Qeqesha phantsi kwenkqubo eqinisekisiweyo-inxalenye 61 okanye iCandelo 141
Ngelixa abafundi abaninzi belandela ukukala kwesixhobo ngexesha okanye emva koqeqesho lwabo lwentengiso, akufuneki ulinde. Logama nje uhlangabezana neemfuno ezifunekayo, ungaqala kwakamsinya nje ukuba ukhululeke ukubhabha uwedwa phantsi kweVFR.
Olu kulinganisa lufuna inqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka, ulawulo lomthwalo womsebenzi, kunye nokuthembela kwizixhobo zakho. Yiyo loo nto i-FAA igunyazisa yomibini imiyalelo esemthethweni yasemhlabeni kunye noqeqesho olubalulekileyo kwinqwelomoya phambi kokuvunywa kokujonga.
FAA-Defined Instrument Rating Iimfuno USA
I-FAA ichaza amanyathelo abalulekileyo ohambo lwenqwelomoya kunye noqeqesho lwasemhlabeni lokufumana umlinganiselo wesixhobo. Ukuphoswa nokuba ibe nye kunokulibazisa ukukhangela kwakho okanye kuyenze ingasebenzi ilog yakho yoqeqesho. Nantsi into efunwa ngumyalelo we-USA weeMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo:
| Imfuneko | FAA Ubuncinci | iinkcukacha |
|---|---|---|
| Ixesha lokubhabha kwesixhobo | iiyure 50 | Kufuneka ibandakanye ubuncinane iiyure ezili-10 kunye nomqeqeshi oqinisekisiweyo we-FAA |
| Uqeqesho noMyaleli weZixhobo | iiyure 15 | Imiyalelo emibini eyakhiwe phantsi kweemeko ze-IFR |
| IFR IFlight Cross-Country | Uhambo olunye lwe-250 NM | Kufuneka ibandakanye izikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezi-3, ukusebenzisana kwe-ATC, kunye nendlela yesixhobo kwindawo nganye |
| Isibonelelo seSimulator | Ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-20 (AATD) | Kufuneka ivunywe yi-FAA kwaye ifakwe ngokuchanekileyo |
| Ukugqitywa kweSikolo soMgangatho | kufunwa | Inokwenziwa kwi-intanethi okanye kwiklasi; ikulungiselela uviwo olubhaliweyo lwe-FAA |
| Uviwo oluBhaliweyo lweFAA (Uvavanyo loLwazi lwe-IFR) | Imibuzo ye-60 | Kufuneka ufumane i-70% okanye ngaphezulu ukuze uphumelele |
| Jonga nge-DPE | Uviwo lomlomo + olusebenzayo | Iquka imimiselo, iinkqubo, kunye nolandelelwano olupheleleyo lwe-IFR lokubhabha |
Le yi-FAA ubuncinane. Abafundi abaninzi bafuna iiyure zokubhabha ezingakumbi okanye ixesha elongezelelweyo lokufundisa, ngakumbi ukuba abakhange babhabhe kutshanje okanye abakhange baphuhlise izakhono ezomeleleyo zokuskena isixhobo.
Uqeqesho phantsi kweCandelo 61 vs iCandelo 141: Uthini Umahluko?
Xa ucwangcisa uqeqesho lwakho lwe-IFR, uya kukhetha phakathi kweCandelo 61 okanye iCandelo 141 lesikolo sokubhabha. Zombini zivunyiwe yi-FAA, kodwa zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlangabezana neeMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo eU.SA.
Icandelo 61 iyabhetyebhetye. Ungacwangcisa ujikeleze umsebenzi, ubhabhe ngesantya sakho, kwaye ugqibezele uqeqesho ngefomathi yeemodyuli. Le ndlela ilungele abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanamava okanye abo baqeqeshelwa ixeshana.
Icandelo 141 ilandela ikharityhulam ecwangcisiweyo. Ihlala ikhawuleza, kuba i-FAA ivumela iiyure ezimbalwa zizonke zesixhobo (iiyure ezingama-35 vs 50) ngenxa yesilabhasi esemgangathweni. Icandelo 141 lelona lilungele abafundi bexesha elizeleyo ababhalise kwikhondo lomsebenzi okanye inkqubo ekhawulezileyo.
Nalu uthelekiso olukhawulezayo:
| uphawu | Icandelo 61 | Icandelo 141 |
|---|---|---|
| voco | Phezulu - bhabha nanini na | Phantsi – ulandela isilabhasi engqongqo |
| Imfuneko yeyure | Iiyure ezi-50 zexesha lesixhobo | Iiyure ezingama-35 (ukuba zigcwele ikhosi ye-141) |
| Ilungele i- | Abafundi abangesosigxina, abaguquguqukayo | Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abasisigxina, abagxile kumsebenzi |
| ubude bexesha | Ixesha elide (iyahluka ngokweshedyuli) | Mfutshane (ixesha elimisiweyo) |
Khetha indlela ehambelana nokufumaneka kwakho kunye neenjongo. Zombini zikhokelela kwinqanaba elifanayo lesixhobo se-FAA, kodwa indlela oyithathayo inokuchaphazela iindleko, isantya, kunye namava oqeqesho.
Iindleko zokuhlangabezana neeMfuno zokulinganisa isixhobo e-USA
Ukuhlangabezana neeMfuno zeRhafu yeSixhobo eU.SA ayiloluhlu lokutshekisha nje—linyathelo lemali elifuna ukucaca nokucwangciswa. Ixabiso eliphakathi kazwelonke lisukela kwi-8,000 yeedola ukuya kwi-11,000 yeedola, kodwa elo nani linokujinga phezulu okanye lisezantsi ngokusekelwe kwizigqibo zoqeqesho ezininzi.
Makhe sichaze apho iya khona imali yakho:
| ixabiso Component | Iindleko eziqikelelweyo | amaNqaku |
|---|---|---|
| Imiyalelo emibini (iiyure ezili-15+) | $ 2,500- $ 4,000 | Ngokusekelwe kwi-$ 170- $ 250 / iyure kunye nomqeqeshi kunye neenqwelomoya |
| Ixesha lokulinganisa (ukhetho) | $ 500- $ 1,200 | Ukuya kwiiyure ze-20 ezivunyelwe-ixabiso eliphantsi ngeyure kunexesha lenqwelomoya |
| Ukuziqhelanisa yedwa + iinqwelomoya ze-IFR | $ 2,000- $ 3,000 | Amakhava afunekayo awela ilizwe kunye nexesha lesixhobo esingesokabili |
| Isikolo samabanga aphantsi (kwi-intanethi/iklasi) | $ 300- $ 800 | Ezinye izikolo ziyayidibanisa le nto kwimfundo |
| Uviwo olubhaliweyo lwe-FAA | $175 | Ihlawulwe kwiziko lovavanyo (PSI okanye CATS) |
| I-FAA Checkride (DPE) | $ 600- $ 800 | Iyahluka ngendawo kunye nokufumaneka komvavanyi |
| Izinto eziphathekayo, iitshathi, i-EFB, i-headset | $ 300- $ 500 | I-ForeFlight, iipleyiti eziprintiweyo, kunye noqeqesho oluyimfuneko |
Uqikelelo lulonke: $8,000–$11,000 (icwangciswe ngononophelo)
Abaqhubi beendleko oMawubalawule:
- Uhlobo lwenqwelomoya: I-Cessna 172 ixabisa ngaphantsi kweCirrus okanye iPiper Arrow. Inqwelomoya yeglasi yokulala idla ngokufuna ixesha elingakumbi lokulungiselela.
- Isantya senqwelomoya: Uqeqesho kanye ngeveki luphinda kabini ilahleko yakho yokugcina. Ukubhabha 3-4 amaxesha ngeveki kuthetha iiyure ezimbalwa ukujonga ukulungela.
- Ulibaziseko kunye nohlengahlengiso: Izifundo eziphosiweyo ngenxa yemozulu okanye iingxabano zabafundisi ziyakwandisa uqeqesho kwaye zinyuse iindleko zeyure.
Izikolo ezifana Florida Flyers Flight Academy ukunceda ukunciphisa iindleko ngokudityaniswa kwe-simulator, abavavanyi bangaphakathi, kunye nocwangciso olusebenzayo-konke kubalulekile ukuhlala kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
I-takeway? Ayikokukhetha eyona ndlela inexabiso eliphantsi—imalunga nokugqiba kakuhle ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha lokubhabha okanye ukuphinda izifundo.
Ululungiselela njani uvavanyo oluBhaliweyo lwesixhobo se-FAA
Ukuphumelela uvavanyo loLwazi lwe-FAA Instrument Rating ngomnye weyona mingeni ijongelwa phantsi kuqeqesho lokulinga. Kodwa yinxalenye engundoqo IiMfuneko Isixhobo Rating USA, kwaye ibeka isiseko uviwo lwakho ngomlomo kunye nokusebenza checkride.
Uvavanyo luqulethe imibuzo engama-60 yokhetho oluninzi, kwaye kufuneka ubuncinci ngama-70% ukuze uphumelele. Izihloko ziquka:
- Iitshathi ze-IFR kunye nokuhamba kwe-enroute
- Iisistim zemozulu, uqikelelo, kunye nokubhalwa kweekhowudi
- I-Federal Aviation Regulations (Icandelo 61, 91, 91.3, 91.175, 91.185)
- Ulwazi lweenkqubo (pitot-static, izixhobo zegyroscopic, GPS)
- Iinkqubo zokubamba, iipleyiti zokufikelela, kunye neeprothokholi ezilahlekileyo
Ezona zixhobo zokuLungisa ngokuFanelekileyo:
| iqonga | Amandla |
|---|---|
| Sheppard Air | Indlela yokukhawuleza, amazinga okuphumelela aphezulu, agxininise kwi-laser |
| I-Sporty's IFR Prep | Ukufunda okusekwe kwividiyo, iapp ephathwayo, imibuzo yokulungiselela uvavanyo |
| Izikolo zaseKumkani | Abafundi ababonwayo, ubume bekhosi epheleleyo enengqiqo yesimbo se-FAA |
| ASA/Gleim | Iibhanki zovavanyo olubanzi, i-ACS epheleleyo ehambelanayo |
Iingcebiso zokuFunda ezineMpembelelo ephezulu:
- Sebenzisa Imigangatho yeSatifikethi se-Airman ye-FAA (ACS) njengoluhlu lwakho lokukhangela-hayi nje olubhaliweyo, kodwa lomlomo kunye ne-flight prep.
- Qala kwangoko. Qalisa ukufunda ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele esiphakathini soqeqesho lokubhabha ukuze ithiyori ixhase ukubhabha kwakho.
- Thatha iimviwo zokuziqhelanisa nobude obupheleleyo kwimo yovavanyo (ixesha, akukho ngcebiso) de ube ufumene amanqaku I-90% + ngokungaguquguqukiyo.
Icebiso Pro: Okukhona ufumana amanqaku apha, kokukhona ubhala kakuhle uviwo lwakho lomlomo. Abavavanyi bahlala beqala ukutshekishwa ngemibuzo etsalwa kwiindawo ezibuthathaka kwimbali yakho yovavanyo lolwazi.
Iisixhobo Rating Iimfuno USA: Ukuhlola Kubandakanyad
Inyathelo lokugqibela ekuhlangabezaneni Instrument Rating Requirements USA yi checkride-uvavanyo olungqongqo oluvavanya ulwazi lwakho lobuchwephesha, ulwazi lwemeko, kunye ne-inflight yokwenza izigqibo phantsi kokulinganisa okanye iimeko zesixhobo sokwenyani.
I-checkride inamacandelo amabini: uviwo lomlomo kunye novavanyo lwe-flight flight, oluqhutywa ngu I-FAA eMiselweyo uMvavanyi wokuLingwa (i-DPE).
Uviwo lomlomo (iiyure eziyi-1.5–2.5):
Uya kuhlala phantsi nomvavanyi wakho kwaye uvavanywe kwi:
- IFR isicwangciso senqwelomoya
- Ukungenisa kunye nendlela yokutolika itshathi
- Iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya (ingakumbi izixhobo ze-pitot-static kunye ne-gyro-based)
- Ukutolikwa kwemozulu, kubandakanywa ii-METAR, ii-TAFs, kunye neetshathi zeprog
- Ubuncinane obunye obunye, iicomms ezilahlekileyo, ukubamba amangenelo, kunye ne-FAA regs (Icandelo 61 & 91)
Umvavanyi unokubuza imibuzo esekelwe kwimeko. Umzekelo:
“Ubhabha nge-IFR, uphulukene nonxibelelwano lukanomathotholo kwi-IMC, kwaye i-ATC ayikunikanga xesha le-EFC. Wenza ntoni?”
Ukuba uyathandabuza okanye ucengceleza ithiyori ngaphandle kokucaca, oko kubonisa ukuba awukakulungeli.
Uvavanyo lweFlight (1.5–2.5 iiyure):
Nje ukuba usemoyeni (okanye kwisilingisi esivunyiweyo), uya kubonisa:
- Ukuhamba phantsi kokulinganisa i-IMC
- Ukubamba amangeniso epateni
- Ukuthintela kunye nokulandelela ii-VOR, ii-NDB, kunye neendlela ze-RNAV
- Ubuncinci indlela enye echanekileyo (i-ILS okanye i-LPV) kunye nendlela enye engachanekanga (VOR, LOC, okanye i-RNAV-GPS)
- Inkqubo yokufikelela ephosiweyo
- Inxalenye yolawulo lwephaneli (i-vacuum/ukusilela kwesixhobo ukulinganisa)
- Isimo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga sokubuyisela phantsi kwe-hood
Kufuneka uhlangabezane nemigangatho ye-FAA evela kwi-Instrument ACS (iMigangatho yeSatifikethi se-Airman) kwindlela yokusebenza nganye. Ukwibakala lokungaguquguquki, ulawulo lomthwalo womsebenzi, kunye nokhuseleko-hayi imfezeko.
Iingcebiso zokudlula:
- Bhabha nomqeqeshi wakho phantsi kweemeko zesimbo sokujonga ubuncinci kabini ngaphambi kokucwangcisa
- Yazi iinkqubo zakho zenqwelomoya ezibandayo-ingakumbi ipaneli kunye neenkqubo zokusilela
- Musa ukwenza i-bluff ngexesha lomlomo; Kungcono ukuvuma "Andiqinisekanga, kodwa ndingajonga apha"
Inqaku elinye eliqhelekileyo lokungaphumeleli? Ukungakwazi ukucinga kakuhle—abafundi abankqaya iinguqulelo kodwa abangasiqondi isizathu okanye ixesha lokuzisebenzisa. Ukuqeqesha ukuqonda, kungekhona nje ukudlula.
Indlela Ireyithi yesiXhobo ingena ngayo kwiNdlela yakho yokuLinga i-Pilot Career
Ukufumana ukukala kwesixhobo sakho ayisosesinye isatifikethi nje—ngumda wobungcali. Ikuthatha ukusuka “ndibhabha xa kunelanga” ukuya “ndibhabha xa ibalulekile.”
Nantsi indlela ukalisho olungena ngayo kwiiMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo ngokubanzi e-USA kunye neenjongo zakho zexesha elide:
Kuyafuneka kwiLayisensi yokuLinga uRhwebo (CPL): Awunakuhlawulwa ngokubhabha phantsi kweemeko ezininzi ngaphandle kokuba unikwe ireyithi yesixhobo. Yenye yeemfuno ezisisiseko ze-FAA ngaphambi kokuba usebenze njenge-PIC ukuze uqeshwe.
Kubalulekile kuLingelo lwezoThutho lweenqwelomoya (ATP): Iinkampani zeenqwelomoya, i-cargo ops, kunye nendima yejethi yenkampani zonke zisebenza phantsi kwe-IFR. Awuyi kuqwalaselwa ngaphandle kwayo.
Yandisa ukufaneleka koMsebenzi: Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, abaqhubi beemoto, kunye neCandelo le-135 lempahla lifuna isakhono se-IFR. Olu reyithingi luvula ukufikelela kuloo misebenzi, ngakumbi ngexesha lezigaba zokwakha iiyure.
Ukuphucula uKhuseleko kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo: Ngaphaya kweendlela zekhondo lomsebenzi, ukureyithwa kwesixhobo kukwenza ube ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya ongcono, okhuselekileyo. Uya kufunda:
- Indlela yokubhabha kwimozulu esecaleni
- Uzenza njani izigqibo ngexesha lokwenyani ngolungelelwaniso lwe-ATC
- Indlela yokuxhomekeka kwizixhobo zakho ngaphandle kokuthandabuza
Umzekelo weXesha lomsebenzi:
- Inyathelo 1: PPL (Yabucala)
- Inyathelo 2: Ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo
- Inyathelo 3: I-CPL (yeRhwebo)
- Inyathelo 4: I-CFI (uMyaleli) okanye uMsebenzi weTshatha
- Inyathelo 5: I-ATP kunye notshintsho lwenqwelomoya
Ukongeza isixhobo sokukala kwangoko kukuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokukhawuleza kwezi zigaba-ingakumbi ukuba uqeqesha kunye nesikolo esidibanisa ngaphandle komthungo kwiphakheji yakho yentengiso okanye ye-CFI.
Iinkqubo ezifana Florida Flyers FAA-evunywe iinkqubo nikezela ngeengoma ezihlanganisiweyo (PPL → IR → CPL) ezonga ixesha kunye nemali ngelixa uzilungelelanisa neenjongo zakho zomsebenzi.
Ukuqukumbela: Ukugqwesa iiMfuno zokuReyishwa kweSixhobo e-USA
Ukuhlangabezana neeMfuno zokuReyishwa kweSixhobo e-USA linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya ozimiseleyo, onobuchule. Kungaphezulu nje kokufumana ilungelo elitsha—kukufunda ukubhabha ngokuchanekileyo, ukuthembela kwizixhobo zakho, nokusingatha imozulu yokwenyani kunye neemeko zomthwalo womsebenzi.
Olu reyithingi luvula iindlela zobuchwephesha, ukusuka kwi-charter ops ukuya kwiinqwelomoya, kwaye ulola izakhono zakho kwilayisenisi nganye yexesha elizayo okanye ukukala okwenzayo. Nokuba ungukapteni wenqwelomoya onqwenela ukuba mpelaveki, ubuchule besixhobo abuxoxiswana.
Izikolo ezisekelwe eFlorida ezifana Florida Flyers Flight Academy yenza kube lula ukudibanisa i-IR yakho kwindlela yoqeqesho yexesha elizeleyo, ngenxa yemozulu evumayo, ukutshekishwa okuhlengahlengisiweyo, kunye neenkqubo ezivunywe kakhulu ze-FAA.
Ngaba ukulungele ukubhabha phakathi kwamafu ngokuzithemba? Qala uqeqesho lwesixhobo sakho ngendlela ekrelekrele-unolwazi ngokupheleleyo, ulungiselelwe kakuhle, kwaye ugxile kumsebenzi.
Ii-FAQs: IiMfuno zeRhafu yesixhobo e-USA
| umbuzo | impendulo |
|---|---|
| Ngaba ndingaqalisa uqeqesho ndakuba ndifezekise iiMfuno zokuReyishwa kweSixhobo e-USA? | Ewe. Nje ukuba ubambe i-PPL esebenzayo, udibana nemigangatho yezonyango ye-FAA, kwaye uthethe isiNgesi ngokutyibilikayo, unokuqalisa uqeqesho phantsi kweeMfuneko zokuKhawulwa kweziXhobo eU.SA. |
| Ngaba ukubhabha ebusuku kubandakanyiwe kwiiMfuno zeRhafu yeSixhobo eU.SA? | Hayi. Ukubhabha ebusuku akufuneki, kodwa uqeqesho lokukala isixhobo luphucula ukhuseleko kwinqwelomoya yasebusuku kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba abaqhubi babhabha emva kobumnyama kwiindawo ezibonakala kancinci. |
| Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukugqiba iiMfuno zeRhafu yeSixhobo eMelika? | Abafundi bexesha elizeleyo bahlangabezana nazo zonke iiMfuno zokuReyishwa kweSixhobo eU.SA 6 kwiiveki ze-8. Iindlela zexeshana zinganabela ukuya Iinyanga ezi-2-3 okanye ngaphezulu. |
| Ngaba ndingangena ngexesha leSimulator ukuya kwiiMfuno zokuKhawulwa kweziXhobo zase-USA? | Ewe. I-FAA ivumela ukuya kuthi ga iiyure 20 Ixesha lokulingisa (kwi-AATD evunyiweyo) ukubala ukuya kwitotali yeeyure ezingama-50 kwiiMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo e-USA. |
| Kuthekani ukuba ndiyasilela ukukhangela phantsi kweeMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo eU.SA? | Uya kufumana isaziso sokungavunyelwa kwaye unokuphinda uvavanye kumacandelo angaphumeleliyo. Umqeqeshi wakho kufuneka akuvumele kwakhona ukuba uqalise kwakhona inkqubo yokutshekisha. |
| Ngaba iCandelo le-141 leenkqubo zinciphisa iiMfuno zoHlelo lweSixhobo e-USA? | Ewe. Phantsi kweCandelo 141, abafundi banokugqiba ukureyitha nje iiyure 35 ngexesha lesixhobo, ukuba nje zonke ezinye iiMfuno zokuReyishwa kweSixhobo zase-USA zizalisekile. |
| Ngaba uhlengahlengiso luyaphelelwa emva kokugqiba iiMfuno zokuKhawulwa kweziXhobo e-USA? | Umlinganiselo wesixhobo awuphelelwa lixesha, kodwa ukuze ubhabhe phantsi kwe-IFR ngokusemthethweni, kufuneka udibane ne-FAA iimfuno zemali rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 emva kokuhlangabezana neeMfuno zoRreyisho lwe-Instrument USA. |
| Ngaba uvavanyo olubhaliweyo lwe-FAA luyinxalenye yeeMfuno zeRhafu yeSixhobo eU.SA? | Ewe. Inkqubo ye- Isixhobo Rating Ulwazi Test linyathelo elisisinyanzelo kwi-Instrument Rating Requirements USA kwaye kufuneka ipasiswe ngamanqaku amancinci 70%. |
Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokwenza uguqulo lwelayisensi yokulinga yangaphandle ngamanyathelo ama-4.
