Iimfuneko zoMbono zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya: Oko i-FAA ikufunayo ngokwenene

Iimfuneko zokubona zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zinokwenzeka kakhulu kunokuba uloyiko olubangqongileyo lubonisa, kwaye ukwazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni na imilinganiselo ye-FAA kutshintsha indlela olungiselela ngayo uvavanyo lwakho lwezonyango.

Ingxaki yokwenyani ayingomgangatho ngokwawo. Lulwazi olungeyonyani oluqinisekisa ukuba abasaqalayo ukuba ngabaqhubi beenqwelo moya bafuna umbono ogqibeleleyo ongalungiswanga okanye ukuba uvavanyo olunye olusileleyo luphelisa umsebenzi wabo. Akukho nanye kwezi ziyinyani.

Eli nqaku lihamba ngemigangatho yokujonga ekude, ekufutshane, kunye nephakathi ye-FAA kwiklasi nganye yesatifikethi sezonyango. Uza kufunda ukuba zeziphi iimeko zamehlo ezibangela uphononongo olunzulu, indlela utyando lokulungisa oluchaphazela ngayo ukufaneleka kwakho, kunye nezinto omele uzizise kwi-aphoyintimenti yakho ye-AME. Ekugqibeleni, uza kwazi ukuba umbono wakho uyafaneleka na kwaye yintoni omawuyenze ukuba awufaneleki.

Umbono we-FAA Umgangatho Oqondwayo Ngabantu Abambalwa Abaqhubi Beenqwelo-moya Abaqondayo

Iimfuneko zokubona zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zisango elilinganisiweyo elinemilinganiselo ethile. Okumangalisayo kukuba bambalwa kangakanani abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanomdla abaziyo ukuba zeziphi ezo milinganiselo.

Imithetho ye-Federal Aviation Regulations ifuna ukubona kude kwe-20/20 okanye ngaphezulu kwiliso ngalinye ngokwahlukeneyo ukuze kufunyanwe isatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yokuqala okanye yesibini. Lo mgangatho usebenza nokuba ulungisiwe okanye awulungisiwe. I-FAA ayinandaba nokuba ufika njani kwi-20/20, kodwa kukuba ufika apho.

Ubukhali bokubona obukufutshane bulinganiswa ngee-intshi ezili-16 kunye nomgangatho we-20/40 kwiliso ngalinye ngokwahlukeneyo. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu bajongene nolunye uvavanyo. umgangatho wokubona ophakathi kwii-intshi ezingama-32, kunye ne-20/40 okanye ngaphezulu. Ezi mephu zihambelana ngqo nezixhobo zokufunda, iitshathi, kunye nemiboniso ye-cockpit.

Umsantsa phakathi kweziqinisekiso zonyango zeklasi yokuqala neyesithathu kulapho uninzi lwezikhokelo ze-intanethi zisilela khona. Iklasi yesithathu ifuna kuphela ukubona kude okungama-20/40 kwiliso ngalinye. Lowo ngumahluko obalulekileyo kumntu obonayo ongalungiswanga uhlala kuma-20/30.

Ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi iklasi oyifunayo kutshintsha indlela olungiselela ngayo. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya wabucala okhangela unyango lweklasi yesithathu unendawo engaphezulu kunomfaki-sicelo wezorhwebo ojonge ukufumana unyango lweklasi yokuqala. I-FAA yokulinga iimfuno zonyango zimigangatho emithathu kuxhomekeke kwinto ofuna ukuyibhabha.

Cinga ngomqhubi wenqwelo moya owaphumelela isidanga sesithathu sezonyango enombono ongalungiswanga we-20/40, waza wagqiba ekubeni aqhubeke nomsebenzi wezorhwebo. Loo mqhubi wenqwelo moya ngoku udinga umbono we-20/20 kwiliso ngalinye. Lo msantsa ubamba abantu bengalindelanga minyaka le.

Isisombululo silula: cwangcisa uvavanyo lwamehlo olupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba udibane nogqirha kwi-FAA. Yazi amanani akho angalungiswanga. Yazi ukuba iiglasi okanye izinto ezidityanisiweyo ziya kuvala na umsantsa. Izinto ezimangalisayo zifanele uqeqesho, kungekhona eofisini yomvavanyi wezonyango.

Indlela Iiglasi kunye nooQhagamshelwano ezitshintsha ngayo ukufaneleka kwakho

Intsomi engapheliyo malunga neemfuno zokubona ngeliso lomqhubi kukuba iiglasi ziyakuthintela. Loo nkolelo ithintela abantu abaninzi ekufuneni isatifikethi sezonyango kunayo nayiphi na ingxaki yokwenyani yokubona. I-FAA ayifuni ukubona okugqibeleleyo ngaphandle koncedo. Ifuna ukubona okufanelekileyo okuhlangabezana nomgangatho othile.

Wonke umqhubi wenqwelo moya ofuna iiglasi okanye izinto ezidityanisiweyo uzinxiba nje ngexesha lovavanyo naxa ebhabha. Isatifikethi sezonyango siya kuba nomda othi, "kufuneka unxibe iilensi zokulungisa", kodwa loo mda awuthinteli indlela yakho yomsebenzi.

Oko i-FAA ikujonga ngokwenene ngeeLensi zokulungisa

Ngexesha lakho Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA lweKlasi yokuQala, i-AME ivavanya umbono wakho ngelixa unxiba i-prescription yakho eqhelekileyo. Umgangatho ngumbono ongama-20/20 kude kwiliso ngalinye, olinganiswa ngokwahlukeneyo. I-prescription yakho mayibe yeyangoku. Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba udibane nogqirha lususa le ngozi.

Iilensi zoQhagamshelwano zifuna indlela eyahlukileyo yokuvuma

Iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ziyavunyelwa, kodwa i-FAA iziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo. I-AME kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba oonxibelelwano bakho abanayo i-monovision kwaye inike ukulungiswa okuzinzileyo. Lo ngumsantsa uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abawuphoswayo: oonxibelelwano bafuna ubungqina obubhaliweyo bokunyamezelana nokufaneleka. Udinga ukuvavanywa kwelensi yokujonga amehlo ngugqirha wakho wamehlo kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo. Iimfuno zonyango ze-FAA kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya ikwafuna nokuba uphathe iiglasi ezincedisayo nanini na xa ubhabha unee-contacts.

Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Umbono Wakho Utshintsha

Umbono uyatshintsha ngokweminyaka. I-FAA ichaza oku ngemigangatho eyahlukileyo ekufutshane nephakathi yabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangaphezu kwama-50. Ukulungiswa kwemithi kagqirha akudingi satifiketi esitsha sezonyango. Uhlaziya nje iilensi zakho zokulungisa uze uqhubeke ubhabha. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy inceda abafundi ukuba bahambe ngala manyathelo okuqinisekiswa kwezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uqeqesho luqale.

Ziziphi Iimeko Zamehlo Ezikwenza Ungafaneleki?

Imeko yokungafaneleki Ngaba kukho naluphi na uphando lwezonyango olufunyanwa yi-FAA olubangela ukuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya angakhuseleki ukubhabha? I-FAA ivavanya imeko nganye ngokuhambelana neemfuno ezithile zeklasi yesatifikethi oyifunayo.

Umbono we-monocular yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo abantu abayixhalabelayo. Ukukhutshwa okukhethekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba uneliso elinye kuphela elibona 20/20. I-FAA iyayivuma le meko ngemeko.

Ukubona imibala kuyabathintela abafakizicelo abaninzi ukuba bangangeni. Uvavanyo lwe-FAA luvavanya ukukwazi ukwahlula imibala yemiqondiso yeenqwelo moya. Uvavanyo olungaphumelelanga aluphelisi umsebenzi wakho; kunokusetyenziswa umda wokusebenza othintela ukubhabha ebusuku okanye imisebenzi yemiqondiso yemibala endaweni yoko.

I-Glaucoma, i-cataracts, kunye ne-retinal detachment nganye inendlela yayo yokuvavanya. I-glaucoma elawulwayo eneendawo eziqhelekileyo zokubona idla ngokudlula. Ii-cataracts ezinciphisa ubukhali obungaphantsi komgangatho zifuna utyando ngaphambi kokuba ziqinisekiswe. I-retinal detachment ifuna ixesha lokuqina kunye nokuqinisekiswa yingcali yamehlo.

Iimpazamo ezinkulu zokujova azifane zizenze zingafaneleki zodwa. I-FAA ikhathalela ubukhali obulungisiweyo, hayi amandla kagqirha. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya one-diopters ezili--10 kwiliso ngalinye olungisa ukuya kwi-20/20 uhlangabezana nomgangatho.

Into ebangela ukuba umntu angafaneleki ayisiyongxaki ngokwayo. Kukusilela ukulandela indlela yoxwebhu elindelwe yi-FAA. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy inceda abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba bahambe kwezi meko. iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zokukhutshwa kwaye uqonde indlela imeko nganye ehambelana ngayo iimfuno zomqhubi wenqwelomoya ukuze kufunyanwe isiqinisekiso sezonyango.

Isakhelo sovavanyo se-FAA sijonga uninzi lweemeko njengeengozi ezilawulekayo. Utshintsho oluphambili kukuba ingaba ungabonisa umbono ozinzileyo nolawulwayo ongawonakalisiyo ngokungalindelekanga phakathi kohambo. Ukubekwa esweni konyaka kunye nokuthobela unyango okubhaliweyo kubaluleke ngaphezu kokuxilongwa ngokwako.

Kulapho uninzi lwabafaki-zicelo lukhubeka khona. Bayamkela ileta yokukhanyela njengokugqibela endaweni yokulandela inkqubo yokuxolelwa ebonelelwa ngokucacileyo yi-FAA. Imeko ethintela uvavanyo lwezonyango olukumgangatho ophezulu isenokuvumela isatifikethi seklasi yesibini okanye yesithathu.

Inguqu: Utyando Lokulungisa kunye Nonyango Lwakho

Ingcinga yokuba utyando lokunyanga oluya kujika luphelise umsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelo moya ayisebenzi kakuhle. Kwabaninzi abaqhubi beenqwelo moya, i-LASIK okanye i-PRK yiyo ekugqibeleni ebenza badlule kwimfuneko yombono eyayibabambezela.

I-FAA ayiluthathi utyando lokulungisa imeko njengento engafanelekanga. Iluthatha njengenkqubo efuna amaxwebhu kunye nexesha lokulinda ngaphambi kokuba kukhutshwe isatifikethi sezonyango. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi kakuhle ukuba i-FAA ifuna ukukubona ntoni ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise utyando, hayi emva koko.

Ixesha lokulinda lelona xesha uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abangalithatheli ngqalelo. Emva kweLASIK okanye iPRK, i-FAA ifuna ixesha lokuzinzisa ngaphambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo lombono wakho wezonyango. Ngeli xesha, amehlo akho ayaphola kwaye umbono wakho uyazola. Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo kuthetha ukuba i-AME ayinakuqinisekisa ukuba umbono wakho uzinzile, nto leyo ebambezela yonke into.

Uxwebhu ngumqobo wesibini. I-FAA ifuna iirekhodi zangaphambi kotyando kunye nezasemva kotyando ezivela kugqirha wakho. Kufuneka babone imilinganiselo esisiseko, iinkcukacha zenkqubo, kunye neziphumo zokugqibela zokubona. Ngaphandle kwezo rekhodi, i-AME ayinasiseko sokusayina isivumelwano sakho sezonyango. Utyando oluphumelelayo olunamaxwebhu apheleleyo yilo oluvula indlela.

Yiyo apho Imigangatho yombono we-FAA iba yinzuzo endaweni yokuba ngumqobo. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya ofumana umbono we-20/15 okanye we-20/10 emva kotyando une-buffer engenakubonelelwa ziiglasi zodwa. Loo buffer ibalulekile xa i-AME iqhuba uviwo kwaye itshathi ye-Snellen ivakala inzima kunokuba bekulindelwe.

Eyona nto iphambili kukuqonda ukuba utyando lokulungisa aluyongozi kunyango lwakho, sisixhobo esinokuphucula ukufaneleka kwakho. Umbuzo utshintsha ukusuka ku-"ndingafaneleka na" uye ku-"ndingayibhala njani le nto ngokuchanekileyo." Elo tshintsho litshintsha indlela ojongana ngayo nenyathelo ngalinye lenkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwezonyango, kuquka nobubanzi iimfuno zoqeqesho lokulinga oko kulandela.

Yintoni Emisela Amandla Eliso Lakho Okugxila

I-FAA ilinganisa into ethile xa ivavanya umbono wakho: ukubukhali kokugxila kweliso lakho kumgama omiselweyo. Olu vavanyo, olubizwa ngokuba ubuchule bokubona kwiitshathi zeSnellen, asilulo uvavanyo lwempilo yamehlo okanye ulwazi olusecaleni. Linani elinye elixelela umvavanyi indlela iliso lakho eliqonda ngokucacileyo ngayo iinkcukacha ezincinci phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo.

Indlela Ukukhanya Okuba Ngumfanekiso Ngayo

Ukukhanya kungena elisweni nge-cornea, kudlule kwi-pupilpil, kuze kubethe ilensi. Ilensi igoba olo kukhanya ukuze ilujolise kwi-retina ngasemva kweliso. Le nkqubo yokugoba ibizwa ngokuba yi-refraction, kwaye imisela yonke into malunga nomgangatho wokubona kwakho. Xa i-cornea okanye ilensi igoba ukukhanya kakhulu okanye kancinci kakhulu, umfanekiso awufiki kwi-retina okanye ngaphaya kwayo, kwaye isiphumo siba lufifi.

Kutheni iTshathi yeSnellen iyiMigangatho

Itshathi yeSnellen isebenzisa oonobumba abanobukhulu obunciphayo abahlelwe ngokwemiqolo. Umqolo ngamnye uhambelana nomlinganiselo wokubona. Umgca we-20/20 uthetha ukuba umntu obonayo ngendlela eqhelekileyo angawufunda loo mgca ukude ngeenyawo ezingama-20. Ukuba ungafunda kuphela umgca we-20/40, iliso lakho liyakwazi ukusombulula iinkcukacha kwiinyawo ezingama-20 ezibonwa liliso eliqhelekileyo kwiinyawo ezingama-40. I-FAA isebenzisa le tshathi kuba iphindaphindwa, ayikhethi cala, kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa nakweyiphi na igumbi lovavanyo.

Oko i-FAA engayivavanyiyo

Uvavanyo lombono lwe-FAA alulinganisi ukuqonda okunzulu, uvakalelo lomahluko, okanye umbono wasebusuku. Aluvavanyi indlela amehlo akho alandela ngayo izinto ezihambayo okanye ukuba zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani phakathi kokukhanya nobumnyama. Ezi zakhono zibalulekile xa ubhabha, kodwa umgangatho wezonyango ugxile kwinto enye elula ukuyilinganisa nekunzima ukuyiphikisana nayo: ubukhali bokubona obungashukumiyo. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya ophumelele uvavanyo lwe-Snellen kusafuneka abonise umbono osebenzayo ngexesha loqeqesho lokubhabha.

Imigangatho yoMbono ngokweKlasi yeSatifikethi sezonyango

Ukuqonda iimfuno zokubona zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kuthetha ukwazi ukuba loluphi udidi lwesatifikethi sezonyango olusebenzayo kwiinjongo zakho zokubhabha. Imigangatho yahlukile kakhulu phakathi kwezifundo, kwaye ingcamango engalunganga inokuphazamisa indlela yomsebenzi ngaphambi kokuba iqale.

Umqhubi wenqwelo moya ozimeleyo obhabhayo ukuze ayonwabele ufuna isatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yesithathu. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya oqeshiweyo obhabhayo ukuze ayoqesha udinga iklasi yesibini. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya ohambayo ukuze ayonwabele abakhweli abacwangcisiweyo ufuna iklasi yokuqala. Imigangatho yombono iyaqina njengoko inyathelo ngalinye linyuka.

Umsantsa obalulekileyo phakathi kweeklasi kukubona kude. Iziqinisekiso zeklasi yokuqala neyesibini zifuna i-20/20 kwiliso ngalinye. Iklasi yesithathu ivumela i-20/40. Loo mahluko ubalulekile kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya abaphuhlisa umbono wabo ngokuhamba kwexesha kodwa basafuna ukubhabha ngokuzonwabisa.

Imigangatho ekufutshane nephakathi iyafana kuzo zonke iindidi ezintathu. I-FAA ayiphumzi loo migangatho yabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abazimeleyo. Oku kuhambelana kuthetha ukuba wonke umqhubi wenqwelo-moya kufuneka agcine ukucaca okufanayo, nokuba banjani na. Iintlobo zelayisenisi yokuqhuba.

Yazi ukuba loluphi udidi olufunekayo ngaphambi koviwo. Umgangatho weklasi yesithathu awuyi kukufanelekela umsebenzi worhwebo. Umgangatho weklasi yokuqala ufuna ukuzibamba ukuze uhlale unjalo. Ukukhetha into engafanelekanga kuchitha ixesha nemali.

Kulapho uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla bafunda khona itshathi gwenxa. Bacinga ukuba umbono okude we-20/40 weklasi yesithathu uthetha ukuba iiglasi azinyanzelekanga. Akunjalo. Umgangatho lulungiso oluncinci olunokufezekiswa, hayi umbono ophantsi owamkelekileyo.

Iilensi zokulungisa zivumelekile kuzo zonke iiklasi. I-FAA ikhathalele oko amehlo akho anokukwenza ngoncedo, hayi oko akwenzayo ngaphandle kwalo. Loo mahluko utshintsha indlela ojongana ngayo nokulungiselela kwakho uvavanyo lwezonyango.

Indlela Yokulungiselela Uvavanyo Lwakho Lombono we-FAA

Uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla bangena kuvavanyo lwabo lwezonyango lwe-FAA bengazi ukuba uvavanyo lombono lulinganisa ntoni na ngokwenene. Oko kungalungiseleli kubangela ixhala elingeyomfuneko, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo olungaphumelelanga olunokuthi luphetshwe. Iimfuneko zombono zabaqhubi beenqwelo moya zilula xa usazi inkqubo.

Inyathelo 1. Fumana i-prescription yangoku kugqirha wakho wamehlo. Le ngcaciso ikuxelela kanye apho umbono wakho umi khona ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Inyathelo 2. Cwangcisa idinga lakho le-Aviation Medical Examiner (AME) unolwazi olupheleleyo malunga neklasi yesatifikethi oyifunayo. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya wabucala ufuna iklasi yesithathu yezonyango. Umsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelo moya wezorhwebo ufuna iklasi yokuqala okanye yesibini.

Inyathelo 3. Yazi ukuba uvavanyo lulinganisa ntoni ngaphambi kokuba uhlale phantsi. I-FAA ijonga umbono okude kwiinyawo ezingama-20, umbono okufutshane kwiisentimitha ezili-16, kwaye kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangaphezu kwama-50, umbono ophakathi kwiisentimitha ezingama-32. umgangatho wokubona okufutshane ifuna i-20/40 okanye ngaphezulu kwiliso ngalinye ngokwahlukeneyo, nokuba kukho okanye akukho kulungiswa.

Inyathelo 4. Zisa iilensi zakho zokulungisa xa uvavanywa, nokuba ucinga ukuba ubona kulungile ngaphandle kwazo. I-FAA ivumela iiglasi kunye neengcingo ukuba zihlangabezane nayo yonke imigangatho.

Inyathelo 5. Qonda iziphumo kwangoko emva kovavanyo. I-AME yakho iya kukuxelela ukuba uphumelele na okanye kufuneka amaxwebhu ongezelelweyo. Icandelo lombono ongasebenzi kakuhle libangela indlela yokubonisana edla ngokuphela ngeelensi zokulungisa okanye utyando.

Ukugqiba olu lungiselelo kususa uqikelelo kwisiqinisekiso sakho sezonyango. Izikolo ezifana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy zinceda abafundi ukuba baqonde yonke inkqubo, ukusuka ekuqondeni iimfuno zokulinga urhwebo ukucwangcisa ixesha elifanelekileyo le-AME. Uviwo aluyongxaki. Ukungena ungalungiselelanga.

Umbono Wakho Akufanele Uwubeke Phantsi Umsebenzi Wakho

Iimfuneko zombono zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zichanekile, zilinganiswa, kwaye zenzelwe ukuba zifikeleleke. Uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanomdla baxhalabile ngomgangatho owakhiwe yi-FAA kubantu abazilungiselela ngokuchanekileyo. Ukulibazisa ukubonisana noMhloli wezeMpilo weenqwelo-moya kugcina ibali elisekelwe kuloyiko liphila. Oyena mntu ungenalungelo lokwenene kukungayazi kakuhle inkqubo ukuze ahambe kuyo ngokuzithemba.

Cwangcisa intlanganiso ne-AME okanye isikolo sokuqhuba iindiza esifana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy. Vumela uvavanyo luqinisekise oko ubungqina sele bukubonisa, umbono wakho awungomqobo obucinga ukuba wawunguwo.