Isingeniso kwi-Boeing 737 kunye ne-737 max
Ibali le-aviation yorhwebo ayiphelelanga ngaphandle kokukhankanywa kwe-Boeing 737. Njengeyona jet yorhwebo ephumelele kakhulu kwimbali ye-aviation, i-Boeing 737 inembali enomdla kunye nekamva elinomdla ngokulinganayo. I Boeing 737 ibingumqolo weendlela zokuthutha ezimfutshane ukuya kweziphakathi ukusukela kwinqwelomoya yayo yokuqala ngo-1967, inikezela ngokuthembeka okugqwesileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, kunye nokuguquguquka kokusebenza.
Le nqwelo-moya ayitshintshanga nje kuphela amandla okuhamba ngomoya kodwa nakwishishini ngokubanzi, ibeka imigangatho emitsha kuphapho lwezorhwebo. Impumelelo yeBoeing 737 inokubalelwa kubuchule bayo obuqhubekayo, ukutyhala imida, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo zeenqwelomoya nabakhweli ngokufanayo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, usapho lwe-Boeing 737 luye lwanda ngokuziswa kwe-737 Max. Lo mahluko uthembisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, uluhlu olwandisiweyo, kunye nokuphucuka kokukhululeka kwabakhweli, kwakhona kubonisa ukuzibophelela kweBoeing ekuqaliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nokugqwesa.
Uphuhliso lwembali lweBoeing 737
Uhambo lwe-Boeing 737 lwaqala phakathi koo-1960, ekuqaleni yayiyilelwe ukuncedisana nochungechunge olukhulu lwe-707 kunye ne-727. Imodeli yokuqala, i-737-100, yenza inqwelomoya yayo yokuqala ngoAprili 9, 1967, kwaye yaziswa kwinkonzo yorhwebo yiLufthansa ngasekupheleni kwaloo nyaka.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iBoeing 737 iye yaphuculwa kaninzi, ikhokelele ekudalweni kweClassic, iSizukulwana esilandelayo (NG), kunye nothotho lwamva nje lweMax. Uluhlu ngalunye lunikeze uphuculo ngokoluhlu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, kunye nokuthuthuzela abakhweli, ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwayo kwishishini eliguqukayo ngokukhawuleza.
I-737 Max, isizukulwana sesine kunye nesizukulwana samva nje se-737, yenza i-debut yayo ngo-2017. Nangona kunjalo, ijongene nokuphazamiseka okuphawulekayo kunye neengozi ezimbini ezibulalayo ezikhokelela ekusekelweni kwayo emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphandle koku, i-Boeing isebenze ngokungagungqiyo ukulungisa le miba kwaye ibuyisele iMax enkonzweni, igxininisa ukuzinikela kwayo kukhuseleko nokuthembeka.
Ukuthelekisa iBoeing 737 kunye neBoeing 737 Max
Xa uthelekisa i-Boeing 737 kunye ne-737 Max, umntu kufuneka aqonde ukuba i-Max yinguqulelo entsha ye-737. Iqhayisa ngophuculo oluninzi ngaphezu kweemodeli ezindala, kubandakanywa iinjini ezisebenza kakuhle, ukuphuculwa kwe-aerodynamics, kunye nekhabhinethi ehlaziyiweyo yokwandisa ukukhululeka kwabahambi.
Olona phuculo lubalulekileyo lweMax ziinjini zayo. Iinjini ze-CFM LEAP-1B zibonelela ngokuphuculwa kwe-14% ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamafutha xa kuthelekiswa nesizukulwana sangaphambili, okwenza i-737 Max ibe yinketho yoqoqosho ngakumbi kwiinqwelomoya.
Ngaphaya koko, iMax ibonelela ngoluhlu olwandisiweyo lokuya kuthi ga kwi-3,850 yeemayile ze-nautical, xa kuthelekiswa neekhilomitha ezingama-3,000 ze-nautical zangaphambili, ngenxa yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha kunye nomthamo omkhulu wamafutha. Olu luhlu lwandisiweyo luvula amathuba amatsha eendlela kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya, ngakumbi kwiindlela ezihamba umgama omde, ezinemfuno ephantsi.
Indima yeBoeing 737 kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi
I-Boeing 737 iye yatshintsha umdlalo kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi. Ngobuchule bayo obukhethekileyo bamafutha, ububhetyebhetye bokusebenza, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlalisa inani elikhulu labakhweli, i-737 yenze ukuba iinqwelomoya zommandla zandise uthungelwano lwazo kunye nokuphucula ingeniso.
Ukukwazi kwe-737 ukusebenza kwiindlela zeenqwelo-moya ezimfutshane kuvumele iinqwelomoya zengingqi ukuba zisebenze kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya ebezingafikeleleki kwinqwelomoya ezinkulu ngaphambili. Oku kuvule iimarike ezintsha, ukubonelela ngeendlela zokuhamba ezongezelelekileyo zabakhweli kunye nokudala amathuba okukhula koqoqosho lwengingqi.
Ngaphezu koko, ukuthembeka kwe-737 kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza zenze ukuba ibe yinto ekhangayo kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi. Ngemiba yokugcinwa okumbalwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha aphantsi, i-737 inciphisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zokusebenza, igalelo kwimpilo yezemali yezi nqwelomoya.
Ukuqonda iBoeing 737 iKapteni ibaleka kunye neBoeing 737 iGosa lokuQala lokuqukuqela
Ukuqukuqela kweBoeing 737 Captain kunye nokuhamba kweGosa lokuQala kubhekiselele kulandelelwano lwezenzo ekufuneka zenziwe ngabasebenzi bomgangatho wenqwelomoya ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo zokubhabha. Oku kuhamba kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi eyimfuneko igqityezelwa ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, ephucula ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuhamba koMphathi ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya imisebenzi efana nokugqiba uluhlu lokutshekisha kwangaphambili, ukuseta inkqubo yokulawula inqwelomoya, kunye nokunxibelelana nolawulo lokuhamba emoyeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhamba kweGosa lokuQala kubandakanya ukuncedisa uKapteni, ukubeka iliso kwiinkqubo zenqwelomoya, kunye nokuphatha unxibelelwano lukanomathotholo.
Oku kuqukuqela kuyinxalenye yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kwenqwelomoya. Abaqinisekisi nje kuphela ukuba yonke imisebenzi eyimfuneko igqityiwe kodwa bancedisa ekusasazeni umthwalo womsebenzi phakathi kwabasebenzi, okomeleza ukhuseleko lokubhabha.
Ukuphonononga isantya kunye namandla okuphakama kweBoeing 737
IBoeing 737 idume ngesantya kunye nesakhono sokuphakama kwayo. Ngesantya esiphezulu sokuhamba ngenqanawa se-0.79 Mach (malunga ne-585 mph), i-737 inika amaxesha okuhamba ngokukhawuleza, okwenza kube lula kwiindlela ezimfutshane ukuya kweziphakathi.
Xa kuziwa ekuphakameni, i-737 inokufikelela kwindawo ephezulu yokuhamba ngenqanawa ye-41,000 yeenyawo. Esi sikhundla siphezulu sokuphakama sivumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ibhabha ngaphezu kwezinto ezininzi eziphazamisayo zemozulu, ibonelele ukuhamba kakuhle kubakhweli kunye nokunciphisa ukulibaziseka okunxulumene nemozulu.
Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuba isantya sohambo kunye nokuphakama kwenqwelomoya ethile kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobunzima benqwelomoya, iimeko zemozulu, kunye nemiyalelo yolawulo lwendlela yokuhamba emoyeni.
Umthamo wabagibeli beBoeing 737
Enye yezinto eziphambili ezinegalelo kwimpumelelo yeBoeing 737 bumthamo wabakhweli. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli ethile kunye nokucwangciswa kwe-cabin, i-737 ingakwazi ukuhlalisa phakathi kwe-85 kunye ne-215 abagibeli.
I-737-100 yoqobo yayinomthamo wama-85 ukuya kwi-130 abakhweli, ngelixa i-737 Max 10 yamva nje inokuthwala abakhweli abangama-215 kuqwalaselo lweklasi enye. Esi sikhundla siphezulu senza i-737 ibe yindlela engabizi kakhulu kwiinqwelo-moya, njengoko iindleko zesitulo ngasinye ziyancipha kunye nabakhweli abaninzi.
Ngaphaya koko, uyilo lwekhabhinethi ye-737 ibeka phambili ukukhululeka kwabakhweli, kunye neempawu ezinjengemigqomo emikhulu engaphezulu, ukukhanya okuphuculweyo, kunye nengaphakathi elizolileyo. Olu gxininiso ekuthuthuzelekeni kwabakhweli, kudityaniswe nomthamo wayo ophezulu, kwenza i-737 ibe lukhetho oludumileyo phakathi kweenqwelo-moya kunye nabakhweli ngokufanayo.
I-Major Boeing 737 ii-hubs zase-US kunye neenqwelomoya zengingqi
I-Boeing 737 isebenza kwiindawo ezininzi zase-US kunye neenqwelomoya zengingqi. Iindawo ezinkulu zase-US ezifana ne-Atlanta, Chicago, kunye ne-Dallas zibona inani elibalulekileyo leenqwelomoya ezingama-737 mihla le, zisebenza kwiindlela zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe.
Iinqwelomoya zommandla ezifana Southwest Airlines kwaye Alaska Airlines sebenzisa iinqwelo ezinkulu ze-737s. Kwezi nqwelo-moya, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-737, ukuthembeka, kunye nomthamo wabakhweli kuyenza ibe yeyona nqwelo-moya ifanelekileyo yokusebenza kwazo.
Ngaphaya koko, ukukwazi kwe-737 ukusebenza ukusuka kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezincinci kuvumele iinqwelomoya zengingqi ukuba zandise uthungelwano lwazo, zifikelele kwiindawo ezininzi zokuya kwaye zinike abakhweli abaninzi. Oku kudlale indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni kweenqwelomoya zengingqi e-US
Ukubaluleka kweBoeing 737 kwiinqwelomoya zehlabathi
Isibheno seBoeing 737 sidlulela ngaphaya kwe-US, kunye namakhulu eenqwelomoya kwihlabathi jikelele ezisebenza kule nqwelomoya. Ukusuka eYurophu ukuya e-Asiya, i-737 iyinto eqhelekileyo kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya, isebenzela iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neemarike.
Kwiinqwelomoya zehlabathi, i-737 inika indibaniselwano enyanzelisayo yokusebenza kakuhle, ukuguquguquka, kunye nomthamo. Ukukwazi kwayo ukusebenza ngenzuzo kuzo zombini iindlela ezimfutshane neziphakathi, kunye neendleko zayo zokusebenza eziphantsi, kuyenza ibe yi-asethi yexabiso kuyo nayiphi na inqwelomoya.
Ngaphezu koko, ukusebenza ngamandla kwe-737 kwiimeko zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezishushu neziphakamileyo ukuya kwimisebenzi yemozulu ebandayo - iphucula ngakumbi umdla wayo. Oku kuguquguquka kwenze i-737 yakhethwa kakhulu phakathi kweenqwelomoya kwihlabathi jikelele, inegalelo kwimeko yayo njengeyona jethi yorhwebo ithengiswa kakhulu kwimbali.
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa zeBoeing 737
I-Boeing 737 ingummangaliso wobunjineli, kunye necandelo ngalinye eliyilwe kwaye lakhiwe ngemigangatho ephezulu. Nazi ezinye zezinto eziphambili zobugcisa be-737:
- Ubude: Buhluka phakathi kwe-102 ft (737-100) ukuya kwi-143 ft (737 Max 10)
- Amaphiko: 93 ft (737-100) ukuya 118 ft (737 Max 9 & 10)
- Ubude: 37 ft
- Obona Buphezulu Ubunzima boThatha: Uluhlu ukusuka kwi-110,000 lbs (737-100) ukuya kwi-194,700 lbs (737 Max 10)
- Isantya sokuhamba ngenqanawa: 0.79 Mach
- Ubuninzi be-Cruise Altitude: 41,000 ft
- Uluhlu: 1,540 iimayile nautical (737-100) ukuya kwi-3,850 yeemayile zolwandle (737 Max 8)
Ezi nkcazo ziyahluka phakathi kweemodeli ezahlukeneyo, ezibonisa ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-737 edlulileyo kwiminyaka.
Boeing 737 uluhlu kunye neenjini
Elinye lamandla aphambili eBoeing 737 luluhlu lwayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli, i-737 inoluhlu oluphakathi kwe-1,540 kunye ne-3,850 yeekhilomitha ze-nautical. Olu luhlu lubanzi lwenza i-737 ilungele iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiihops ezimfutshane zasekhaya ukuya kwiinqwelomoya ezidlulayo.
Uluhlu lwe-737 lwenziwa ukuba lwenzeke ngeenjini zayo ezisebenzayo. I-737-100 yoqobo yayinikwe amandla yi-injini ye-Pratt & Whitney JT8D, ngelixa i-737 Max yakutshanje ibonisa iinjini ze-CFM LEAP-1B. Ezi njini azinikeli nje umgudu oyimfuneko wokubhabha kodwa zikwanegalelo kwindlela i-737 esebenza ngayo amafutha, inciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kweenqwelo-moya.
Ii-avionics ze-Boeing 737: Ujongo olusondeleyo
Ii-avionics ze-Boeing 737 ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwenqwelomoya. Ezi nkqubo, eziquka ukuhamba ngenqanawa, unxibelelwano kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ukubhabha, ziqinisekisa ukuba inqwelo-moya isebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo.
Kwi-737 Max yamva nje, ii-avionics ziphuculwe kakhulu. I-cockpit inemiboniso emikhulu, ephezulu enika abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya umbono obanzi weenkqubo zenqwelomoya kunye neenkcukacha zokubhabha. Oku kwandisa ulwazi ngemeko kwaye kuncedise ekuthathweni kwezigqibo.
Ukongeza, iMax ibonakalisa inkqubo yolawulo lwenqwelomoya ephucukileyo ephucula indlela yokusebenza, iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo wokuqhutywa kwenqwelomoya. Ezi nkqubela phambili zibonisa ukuzibophelela kweBoeing ekusebenziseni itekhnoloji ukomeleza ukhuseleko nokusebenza.
I-Boeing 737 yodidi lokulinganisa: Ibandakanya ntoni
IBoeing 737 uhlobo lokalisho sisiqinisekiso esivumela umqhubi we-pilot ukuba aqhube i-737. Olu luhlu lufumaneka emva kokugqiba inkqubo yoqeqesho ebanzi ebandakanya isikolo samabanga aphantsi, uqeqesho lokulinganisa, kunye nokukhwela itshekhi.
Isikolo samabanga aphantsi sigubungela iinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zeenkqubo ze-737, imisebenzi neenkqubo zikaxakeka. Oku kulandelwa luqeqesho lwe-simulator, apho abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya baqhuba imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kunye neyongxamiseko kwindawo eyiyo. Uhlobo lokulinganisa lufikelela kuvuthondaba ngokukhwela itshekhi, apho ulwazi nezakhono zomqhubi wenqwelomoya zivavanywa.
Ukufumana ukulinganiswa kohlobo lwe-737 kuyimpumelelo ebalulekileyo kunoma yimuphi umqhubi, omele umgangatho ophezulu wobuchule kunye nobuchule ekusebenzeni le nqwelo-moya enzima.
Inkqubo yokuqesha iBoeing 737
Inkqubo yokuqesha abaqhubi be-Boeing 737 ibandakanya izigaba ezininzi, kubandakanywa uphononongo lwesicelo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye novavanyo lwe-simulator. Iinkampani zeenqwelo moya zikhangela abagqatswa abanemvelaphi eqinileyo yophapho, irekhodi ecocekileyo yokhuseleko, kunye nezakhono ezibalaseleyo zokusebenzisana.
Bakuba beqeshiwe, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abatsha bafumana inkqubo yoqeqesho ebanzi ukuze baqhelane neenkqubo kunye nokusebenza kwe-737. Oku kubandakanya isikolo samabanga aphantsi, uqeqesho lokulinganisa, kunye noqeqesho lomgca, apho abaqhubi abatsha babhabha kunye nabaphathi abanamava kwiinqwelomoya zokwenene.
Ukuba ngumqhubi we-737 luhambo olucelomngeni kodwa olunomvuzo, olunika ithuba lokubhabha enye yezona jethi zorhwebo eziphumeleleyo kwimbali.
Ikamva leBoeing 737 kunye ne737 Max
Ukujonga kwikamva, i-Boeing 737 imiselwe ukuqhubeka nokudlala indima ephambili kwinqwelomoya yorhwebo. Ngaphandle kwemingeni ejongene ne-737 Max, iBoeing izimisele ukujongana nale miba kunye nokubuyisela ukuzithemba kwinqwelomoya.
Ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-737 Max, ukwanda koluhlu, kunye nokuphucuka kwentuthuzelo yabakhweli kuyenza ibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kwiinqwelomoya, ithembisa ikamva eliqaqambileyo kolu hlaziyo lwamva nje lwe-737 yosapho.
Ngaphaya koko, iBoeing iyaqhubeka nokutyala imali kwitekhnoloji nakwizinto ezintsha zokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-737, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kokusingqongileyo. Oku kuzibophelela ekuphuculeni okuqhubekayo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-737 iya kuhlala iphambili kuphapho lwezorhwebo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.
isiphelo
Ukusukela ekusekweni kwayo ngeminyaka yoo-1960 ukuya kuthotho lwamva nje lweMax, iBoeing 737 ibe luphawu lokuqamba izinto ezintsha, ukuthembeka, kunye nempumelelo. Ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nomthamo wabakhweli kuye kwayenza yathandwa phakathi kweenqwelo-moya nabakhweli ngokufanayo, ibumba ubume beenqwelomoya zentengiso.
Ngaphandle kokujongana nemiceli mngeni, ikamva le-737 likhangeleka lithembisa, lixhaswa kukuzinikela kukaBoeing kukhuseleko, ukusebenza, kunye nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Njengoko sijonge phambili kwikamva, inye into esiqiniseke ngayo: iBoeing 737 iya kuqhubeka ibhabhela phezulu, ithwele abakhweli besiya kwiindawo abaya kuzo ngokuthembeka okufanayo nokusebenza kakuhle okuye kwayenza yaba yintsomi kushishino lweenqwelomoya.
Xa sigqibezela ukungena kwethu nzulu kwi-Boeing 737 kunye ne-737 Max, siyakumema ukuba uqhubeke nokujonga umhlaba onomdla wokubhabha kunye nathi. Hlala ubukele ukuqonda ngakumbi, uhlahlelo, kunye neengxoxo malunga neendlela zamva nje kunye nophuhliso lweshishini.
I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy iqeqeshe amawaka abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya banamhlanje ababhabha i-Boeing 737 kunye ne-737 max kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi ezifana ne-Southwest Airlines okanye i-Alaska Airlines.
Qhagamshelana nathi okanye ufowunele iQela leFlyers yaseFlorida + 1 904 209 3510 ukuze ube ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya ophumeleleyo oqinisekisiweyo.
