Yintoni ekufuneka iqeqeshwe ngabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zesatifikethi sezonyango

Isatifikethi sakho sezonyango se-FAA asilophepha omele ulisebenzise emva kwesifundo sakho sokuqala sokubhabha. Lilinye lamasango okuqala omsebenzi kuqeqesho lobuchwephesha lokuqhuba inqwelo moya. oko kufunekayo kwisatifikethi sezonyango sabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ngaphambi kokuba utyale imali kwinkqubo ekhawulezileyo ikunceda ukhusele ixesha lakho, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nesicwangciso somsebenzi weenqwelo-moya.

Kwabafundi abaninzi, inyathelo elifanelekileyo lilula: cwangcisa uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA ngaphambi kokuba uqale uqeqesho olunzulu lokubhabha. Uqeqesho lwezonyango lweklasi yesithathu lunokwanela ukuqala, kodwa abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanomdla kufuneka bacinge ngeziqinisekiso ezininzi ngaphambili. Umgangatho wezonyango owufunayo uyatshintsha njengoko amalungelo akho kunye neenjongo zakho zomsebenzi ziqhubela phambili.

Yintoni abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abayifunayo kwinqanaba ngalinye

I-FAA ikhupha iiklasi ezintathu eziphambili zesatifikethi sezonyango kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya: udidi lwesithathu, udidi lwesibini, kunye nodidi lokuqala. Udidi ngalunye luxhasa amalungelo ahlukeneyo omqhubi weenqwelo moya. Okukhona udidi luphezulu, kokukhona kufuneka umgangatho wezonyango.

Umfundi ofuna iSatifikethi soMqhubi waBucala uhlala edinga ubuncinane i- isatifikethi sezonyango sodidi lwesithathu ngaphambi kokuba ubhabhe wedwa. Eli linqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokuqala kuqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abatsha. Liqinisekisa ukuba uyahlangabezana neemfuno zonyango ze-FAA ukuze usebenze njengomqhubi wenqwelo moya onegunya kunye namalungelo omqhubi wenqwelo moya abucala.

Umqhubi wenqwelomoya ofuna amalungelo orhwebo udinga isatifikethi sezonyango sodidi lwesibiniKufuneka ube nesiqinisekiso sezonyango seklasi yesibini esisemthethweni xa usebenzisa amalungelo okuqhuba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zorhwebo, njengokufumana imbuyekezo okanye ukuqesha. Ukuba injongo yakho sisiqinisekiso seenjini enye zorhwebo okanye seenjini ezininzi, ukufumana isatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yesibini kwangethuba lukhetho olukrelekrele olugxile kumsebenzi.

Umqhubi wezoThutho lweenqwelo-moya, okanye i-ATP, kufuneka abe ne- isatifikethi sezonyango sodidi lokuqala xa usebenzisa amalungelo e-ATP. Esi sisiqinisekiso sokuba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka babhabhele kwinkampani yeenqwelo-moya. Kwakhona ngumgangatho wezonyango ofanele ukuqwalaselwa kwangethuba kuye nabani na owakha umsebenzi omkhulu weenqwelo-moya, inkampani yeenqwelo-moya yengingqi, impahla, itshaja, okanye umsebenzi wenkampani.

Indlela esebenzayo icacile: ugqirha weklasi yesithathu unokuqalisa umfundi omtsha, kodwa ugqirha weklasi yesibini uhambelana kakuhle noqeqesho lwezorhwebo, kwaye ugqirha weklasi yokuqala unika abaqhubi beenqwelo moya bexesha elizayo uphawu oluqinileyo lokulungela unyango. Akukho mvuzo wokulinda ukuze ufumane ukuba ungawufikelela na umgangatho ofunekayo kumsebenzi owufunayo.

Unyango lweklasi yesithathu: indawo yokuqala yovavanyo lwabucala

Isatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yesithathu senzelwe abafundi, abaqhubi beenqwelo moya, kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abazimeleyo. Kumfundi oqalayo, sidla ngokufuneka ngaphambi kokuba ahambe yedwa okokuqala. Isikolo sakho sokuhamba ngenqwelo moya sinokukuvumela ukuba uqale izifundo ezimbini ngaphandle kwesatifikethi sezonyango, kodwa ukulibazisa uviwo kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka koqeqesho okunokuthi kuthintelwe xa ulungele ukuhamba wedwa.

Kwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, unyango lweklasi yesithathu luhlala lusebenza iinyanga ezingama-60 zekhalenda. Kwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu, luhlala lusebenza iinyanga ezingama-24 zekhalenda. Ezo zihlandlo zokusebenza zenza ukuba kube sisiqinisekiso sokungena esisebenzayo sokubhabha ngokuzonwabisa, kodwa azitshintshi iimfuno zomsebenzi worhwebo.

Ingcali yezonyango yodidi lwesithathu ayikugunyazisi ukuba usebenzise amalungelo okuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelomoya. Ungafumana iSatifikethi seNqwelo-moya yoRhwebo ngelixa unesifundo sezonyango sodidi oluphantsi, kodwa xa kufika ixesha lokubhabha ngenqwelomoya, udinga isatifikethi sodidi lwesibini. Loo mahluko ubalulekile. Isatifikethi onaso kunye namalungelo owasebenzisayo azisoloko zifana.

Unyango lweklasi yesibini: umgangatho wovavanyo lwezorhwebo

Isatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yesibini sisemgangathweni ofanelekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaceba ukufumana imali njengabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya. Oku kuquka abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaninzi, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaqeshisayo, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, kunye nabafundisi beenqwelo-moya abasebenza njengabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya phantsi kwamalungelo orhwebo.

Kwilungelo lorhwebo, unyango lweklasi yesibini lusebenza iinyanga ezili-12 zekhalenda, nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Emva kwelo xesha, lusenokuqhubeka lusebenza kwinqanaba leklasi yesithathu ixesha eliseleyo lexesha elifanelekileyo leklasi yesithathu, kodwa awunakuqhubeka nokusebenzisa amalungelo orhwebo ngaphandle kokuhlaziya kwinqanaba leklasi yesibini.

Kwabafundi abafunda umsebenzi, uvavanyo lwezonyango lweklasi yesibini ludla ngokuba lolona vavanyo lokuqala lubalaseleyo onokulucwangcisa. Lukunika umbono onentsingiselo ngakumbi wokufaneleka kwakho kwindlela yokubhabha yobungcali ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele ngokupheleleyo kuqeqesho lwabucala, lwezixhobo, lwezorhwebo, lweenjini ezininzi, kunye nolwabaqeqeshi.

Oku akuthethi ukuba wonke umfundi omtsha kufuneka aqale ngeklasi yesibini. Umfundi obhabha ngeenjongo zakhe unokuqala ngeklasi yesithathu. Kodwa ukuba injongo yenqwelo moya kukuhamba ngenqwelo moya, ukuqala kumgangatho wezorhwebo sisigqibo esicwangcisiweyo nesisebenzisekayo.

Unyango olukumgangatho wokuqala: umlinganiselo womqhubi wenqwelo moya

Kufuneka unyango olukumgangatho ophezulu ukuze kusetyenziswe amalungelo okuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya. Sisiqinisekiso sezonyango sokuba ookapteni beenqwelo moya kunye namagosa okuqala kufuneka kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo moya eqhutywa phantsi kwamalungelo e-ATP.

Kwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40, amalungelo eklasi yokuqala ahlala iinyanga ezili-12 zekhalenda. Kwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu, amalungelo eklasi yokuqala ahlala iinyanga ezintandathu zekhalenda. Nje ukuba amalungelo eklasi yokuqala aphele, isatifikethi sisenokuba sisasebenza kumalungelo eklasi yesibini okanye eklasi yesithathu kwixesha elifanelekileyo eliseleyo, ukuba isatifikethi esisisiseko asikaphelelwa lixesha.

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba umntu oza kuqhuba uphando lwezonyango olukumgangatho ophezulu ukuze aqalise uqeqesho lomqhubi wabucala, afumane i-Instrument Rating, okanye agqibezele uqeqesho lomqhubi wabaqhubi beenqwelo moya. Sekunjalo, abafundi abaninzi abaya kwiinqwelo moya bakhetha ukulufumana kwangethuba. Sisigqibo sokucwangcisa umsebenzi, asiyomfuneko yoqeqesho lwe-FAA kuzo zonke izigaba.

Kukho utshintshiselwano. Umgangatho weklasi yokuqala unokubonisa imiba enokuthi ingabi nakuphakama kuvavanyo lweklasi yesithathu kwinqanaba elifanayo. Yiyo loo nto ukuyifumana kwangethuba kunokuba luncedo. Ukuba i-cockpit yenqwelo moya yindawo oya kuyo, kungcono ukuchonga ingxaki enokubakho yezonyango ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe inxalenye enkulu yenkqubo yoqeqesho lobungcali.

Indlela yokufumana isatifikethi sakho sezonyango se-FAA

Izatifikethi zonyango ze-FAA zikhutshwa ngabaHloli bezonyango beenqwelomoya, ababizwa ngokuba zii-AME. Aba ngoogqirha abagunyaziswe yi-FAA ukuba benze uvavanyo lwezonyango lweenqwelomoya. Awufumani satifikethi kumqeqeshi wakho weenqwelomoya, kumhloli, okanye kwisikolo sakho seenqwelomoya.

Ngaphambi kokuba udibane nogqirha, gcwalisa isicelo se-FAA MedXPress. Uza kubonelela ngembali yempilo, ulwazi ngamayeza, ukutyelela ugqirha, utyando, ukulaliswa esibhedlele, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezifunekayo. Yichane kwaye iphelele. Imbali yezonyango engaphelelanga okanye engaguquguqukiyo inokubangela ubunzima obungaphezulu kunengxaki esisiseko ngokwayo.

Kwi-aphoyintimenti, i-AME idla ngokuhlola imbali yakho kwaye yenze uvavanyo olufunekayo, olunokubandakanya umbono, ukuva, uxinzelelo lwegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, kunye novavanyo lomzimba ngokubanzi. Inkqubo echanekileyo iyahluka ngokusekwe kwimbali yakho yezonyango kunye nodidi lwesatifikethi esiceliweyo.

Ukuba unembali yezonyango ecacileyo kwaye uhlangabezana nemigangatho, i-AME ingakhupha isatifikethi sakho ngexesha lentlanganiso. Ukuba kufuneka uphononongo olongezelelekileyo, i-FAA ingacela iirekhodi, uvavanyo, okanye inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokukhupha. Eso sesinye isizathu sokuhlela kwangethuba endaweni yokuphatha unyango njengomsebenzi womzuzu wokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba wedwa, uhlolwe, okanye isicelo somsebenzi.

Iimeko zonyango kunye namayeza: musa ukuzenza ungafaneleki

Uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla bacinga ukuba naluphi na uxilongo lwangaphambili, utyando, unyango lwempilo yengqondo, okanye amayeza kagqirha aphelisa umsebenzi weenqwelo moya. Oko akusoloko kuyinyani. I-FAA ivavanya iimeko ezithile, imbali yonyango, uzinzo, umngcipheko, kunye nemiphumo yamayeza.

Ezinye iimeko zifuna amaxwebhu ongezelelweyo okanye uphononongo lwe-FAA. Ezi zinokubandakanya iimeko zentliziyo, isifo seswekile, imbali yemithambo-luvo, ukuxilongwa kwengqondo, iingxaki ezinxulumene neziyobisi, iingxaki ezithile zokulala, kunye neengxaki zokubona. Amanye amayeza ayamkeleka, ngelixa amanye esenokungafaneleki ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye imeko ayinyangayo.

Musa ukuyeka amayeza amiselweyo okanye ubalekele unyango olufunekayo ukuze ufumane isatifikethi sezonyango. Oko akukhuselekanga kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zesatifikethi. Endaweni yoko, thetha ne-AME enamava ngaphambi kokuba ufake isicelo ukuba unembali enzima. Ukubonisana kunokukunceda uqonde ukuba zeziphi iirekhodi ezinokufuneka kunye nokuba indlela ekhethekileyo yokukhupha iyasebenza na.

Ukunyaniseka kubalulekile. Izicelo zonyango ze-FAA zifuna ukutyhilwa ngokupheleleyo, kuquka iimeko ezifanelekileyo kunye namayeza. Umsebenzi wobungcali wovavanyo lwakhiwe ngokugweba, ingqeqesho, kunye nokuthembana. Isicelo sakho sezonyango siyinxalenye yaloo mgangatho ukususela ngomhla wokuqala.

Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zomsebenzi kufuneka balucwangcise nini uviwo?

Eyona ndlela inamandla yokubeka ixesha kukubhukisha idinga le-AME ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele kwinkqubo yovavanyo lwezorhwebo ekhawulezileyo okanye wenze izigqibo zoqeqesho ezinkulu ezingabuyiselwa imali. Abafundi abangenazo iingxaki zonyango badla ngokucwangcisa uviwo lweklasi yesibini njengesatifikethi sabo sokuqala. Abafundi abagxile ngokukodwa ekuqeshweni kweenqwelo moya banokukhetha uviwo lweklasi yokuqala ukuze bacacise umsebenzi wabo kwangaphambili.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ucele luphi udidi, fanisa uviwo nomgomo wakho wexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide. Khetha udidi lwesithathu lwendlela yokuzonwabisa yabucala, udidi lwesibini loqeqesho lwezorhwebo kunye nokubhabha ngobuchwephesha, kunye nodidi lokuqala xa ufuna ukuvavanya ukulungela umgangatho wezonyango weenqwelo moya.

KwiFlorida Flyers Flight Academy, uqeqesho lomsebenzi lwakhiwe ngokusekwe kwinkqubela phambili ecacileyo ukusuka kwi-private pilot ukuya kwi-instrument, zorhwebo, ii-multi-injini, umqeqeshi, kunye nokulungiselela i-ATP. Isatifikethi sakho sezonyango kufuneka sicwangciswe ngendlela efanayo: njengesigqibo somsebenzi esisekuqaleni esixhasa onke amanqanaba angaphambili.

Bhukisha uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA olufanelekileyo kwangethuba, lugcine lusexesheni njengoko amalungelo akho ekhula, kwaye uzinike ukuzithemba kokugxila kumsebenzi ofumana i-cockpit: uqeqesho oluqeqeshwe kakuhle, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-checkride, kunye nenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yokubhabha ngobuchwephesha.