Indawo Engashukumiyo: Iyintoni kwaye Kutheni Ibalulekile Kukhuseleko Lweenqwelo-moya

Iziganeko ezenzeka emhlabeni kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya aziqali kwiindawo zokumisa iinqwelo-moya. Ziqala kwiindawo wonke umntu acinga ukuba zikhuselekile, apho kubekwa khona ii-ramps kunye nee-apron apho iinqwelo-moya zipakisha khona, zilayisha kwaye zithulula khona.

Indawo engashukumiyo kulapho uninzi lwemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yesikhululo seenqwelo-moya lwenzeka khona. Kulapho ke umda phakathi kokhuseleko nokungakhuselekanga uba mfiliba khona. Uninzi lwezikhokelo zijonga oku njengengcaciso elula yokukhumbula uvavanyo. Oko akuchaneki kwaphela.

Eli nqaku lichaza indawo engashukumiyo, lichaza iimpawu ezahlula kwiindlela zeteksi ezisebenzayo kunye neendlela zokubaleka, kwaye ligubungela imithetho yokuqhuba kunye neemfuno zokuqinisekiswa ezigcina wonke umntu kwibala leenqwelo-moya ekude nengozi. Ukuqonda lo mda akuyonto iphambili. Ngumahluko phakathi kosuku oluqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwendlela yokubaleka.

Umda Ogcina Iinqwelo-moya Zikhuselekile

Indawo Engashukumiyo yinxalenye yesikhululo seenqwelo-moya apho iinqwelo-moya, izithuthi kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo basebenza khona ngaphandle imvume yolawulo lwezithuthi zomoyaOku kuquka iirampu, ii-aproni, kunye neendawo zokupaka apho abaphathi bomhlaba balawula khona iinqwelomoya kunye nemithwalo yemithwalo, iindawo apho inqaba ingenagunya lokunyakaza.

Ukudideka kuqala kuba umda phakathi kwale ndawo nendawo yokuhamba awubonakali emehlweni abantu abangaqeqeshwanga. Umqhubi ophatha lonke ibala leenqwelo-moya njengendawo enye evulekileyo ngumqhubi oza kugingqika aye kwireyiva ngaphandle kwemvume. Yiyo loo ndlela iziganeko zomhlaba eziba ngayo ukungenela iindlela zeenqwelo-moya.

The umda wendawo yokuhamba Ichazwa ngeempawu ezithile ezipeyintiweyo, imigca emibini etyheli, enye eqinileyo nenye enemigca emide, ezixelela abaqhubi beenqwelo moya kunye nabaqhubi ngqo apho ulawulo lutshintsha khona ukusuka kumqhubi wesikhululo seenqwelo moya ukuya kwi-ATC. Ukuwela loo mgca unemigca emide ngaphandle kwemvume akuyompazamo incinci yamaphepha. Kukwaphulwa kokhuseleko okumisa imisebenzi.

Ukwazi olu mahluko kutshintsha indlela wonke umntu okwindawo yeenqwelo-moya ahamba ngayo. Iarhente yendlela ethe tyaba eqonda umda ayicingi ukuba ingaqhuba naphi na. Ima emgceni, iqinisekise indawo yayo, kwaye iqhubeke kuphela xa imithetho ivuma. Loo mkhwa mnye uthintela udidi oluqhelekileyo lwengozi yomhlaba.

Ngubani oLawula indawo engashukumiyo?

Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu kwibala leenqwelo-moya kukuba ulawulo lwezithuthi zomoya lulawula yonke intshi yendlela yokuhamba. Akunjalo. Indawo engashukumiyo iphantsi kolawulo lomqhubi wesikhululo seenqwelo-moya, hayi ii-ATC. Olu mahluko aluyonto ingaqhelekanga, luchaza ukuba ngubani okunika imvume yokuhamba kwaye kwenzeka ntoni xa ungenayo.

Kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya abaphuma kwindlela yeenqwelo moya, utshintsho lukhawuleza kwaye alunakuphikiswa. Ukuwela imida yendawo engashukumiyo kuthetha ukushiya ulawulo oluthe ngqo lwe-ATC. Umqhubi wesikhululo seenqwelo moya ubeka imithetho kwirempu nakwi-apron. Abasebenzi bomhlaba kunye nabaqhubi bezithuthi babika kwisebe lokusebenza lesikhululo seenqwelo moya, kungekhona kwinqaba. I-ATC ayinakukuvumela ukuba uhambe kule ndawo kuba abayilawuli.

Oku kudala inyani ethile yokusebenza kwabo bonke abasemhlabeni. Umqhubi wesithuthi okwirempu kufuneka alandele incwadi yesikhokelo sokuqhuba yesikhululo seenqwelo-moya aze afumane imvume yokuqhuba evela kwigunya lesikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Umqhubi wenqwelo-moya otyhala esuka esangweni kufuneka asebenzisane nabasebenzi basemhlabeni, kungekhona inqaba. ukwahlulwahlulwa kolawulo kuthetha ukuba iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ziyatshintsha kwangoko xa unqumla loo mda.

Isiphumo esisebenzayo silula. Ukuba ukwindawo engashukumiyo kwaye kufuneka uthuthe, awubizi fowuni kwinqaba. Ubiza ulawulo lomhlaba lwesikhululo seenqwelo-moya okanye ulandele iinkqubo zasekuhlaleni. Into edidayo le ngqokelela yomyalelo yindlela izithuthi ezifikelela ngayo kwiindlela zeeteksi ngaphandle kwemvume.

Iimpawu Ezahlula Intshukumo Kwintshukumo Engeyiyo Intshukumo

Eyona ngcinga iyingozi kakhulu kwibala leenqwelo-moya kukuba umgca opeyintiweyo yingcebiso nje. Uphawu lomda wendawo engashukumiyo, imigca emibini etyheli, omnye oqinileyo nomnye onamachaphaza, ngumqobo osemthethweni nosebenzayo abawutyeshelayo abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya nabaqhubi ngomngcipheko wabo.

Umgca otyheli oqinileyo uhlala kwicala lendawo yokuhamba. Umgca otyheli otyheli onamachaphaza uhlala kwicala lendawo engashukumiyo. Xa usondela ukusuka kwirempu, umgca onamachaphaza ngulowo umqhubi awuwela kuqala. Ukuwela ukusuka kwicala elinamachaphaza ukuya kwicala eliqinileyo kuthetha ukungena kwindawo elawulwa yi-ATC ngaphandle kwemvume. Kulapho ingozi yomhlaba iba kukungena kwendlela.

Ezi mpawu zichazwe kwi Incwadi yoLwazi lwe-FAA Aeronautical, kodwa uninzi lwezixhobo zoqeqesho luzijonga njengombhalo osemazantsi. Isiphumo saloo mpazamo sinokulinganiswa kwiingxelo eziphantse zaphosakala. Umqhubi welori yepetroli okhumbula ulwakhiwo lwendlela yokumisa kodwa angazi ukuba ithetha ukuthini imigca emibini etyheli, uxanduva lokhuseleko olulinde umzuzu wokuphazamiseka.

Umqondiso womda awutshintshi phakathi kwezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya. Ipatheni efanayo eqinileyo neqhekekileyo ibonakala kuyo yonke imimandla emide eMelika. Loo nto ihambelanayo. Umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ofika kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya esingaqhelananga unokuthembela kumqondiso ukuze azi kakuhle apho igunya le-ATC liqala khona. Umqhubi ophatha yonke imigca etyheli ngendlela efanayo akanakukwazi.

Ukwazi umahluko phakathi kwe-solid kunye ne-dashed akuyonto yovavanyo. Ngumda ophakathi kokusebenza komhlaba rhoqo kunye nokubiza inqaba okungekho mntu ufuna ukuyenza.

Imithetho Yokuqhuba Kwindawo Engahambiyo

Imithetho elawula ukusebenza kwezithuthi kwindawo engashukumiyo ayizizo iingcebiso, yindlela yokugqibela yokuzikhusela ngaphambi kokuba ingozi yomhlaba ibe yindlela yokungena kwinqwelo moya. Wonke umqhubi okwirempu kufuneka azifunde ezi ndlela kuba iziphumo zempazamo zilinganiswa kumonakalo weenqwelo moya kunye nokhuseleko lwabantu.

• Umda wesantya se-15 mph kwiirempu
• Umda wesantya se-5 mph kufutshane namasango kunye neenqwelo-moya
• Nika ilungelo lokuhamba kuzo zonke iinqwelomoya kunye nezithuthi zongxamiseko
• Akukho kumisa okanye ukupaka ngaphakathi kweenyawo ezingama-25 ukusuka kwinqwelo-moya
• Akukho kuqhuba uphantsi kwempembelelo yeziyobisi
• Imfuneko yemvume yokuqhuba kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya esebenzayo
• Ukusebenzisa izibane zentloko ngamaxesha onke, emini okanye ebusuku
• Akukho kusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziphathwayo ngelixa uqhuba

Oko le mithetho yabelana ngako ngumgaqo omnye: inqwelo-moya ihlala iphambili. Imida yesantya iphantsi kuba ixesha lokuphendula liyinto yonke xa incam yephiko okanye isantya senjini sisezinyaweni ukusuka kwisithuthi sakho. Umthetho wokungami ukho kuba isithuthi esimiyo siba ngumqobo abangawulindelanga abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kunye nabasebenzi basemhlabeni.

Hlola kwakhona Incwadana yoqeqesho lwendawo engeyiyo intshukumo yasePensacola ukuze ufumane indlela echanekileyo enokuthi isikhululo seenqwelo-moya sakho silandele. Emva koko hamba kwirempu nomphathi ngaphambi kokuba uqhube wedwa. Imithetho ilula. Ayinamsebenzi.

Oko Kufunekayo Kwindawo Engashukumiyo Eqhuba Ukuqinisekiswa

Ukufumana imvume kwindawo engashukumiyo yinkqubo enamanyathelo amane apho uninzi lwabasebenzi bezikhululo zeenqwelo moya lugxalathelana khona ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuba yintoni esengozini. Imvume ikhona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba unokuyiqhuba imoto kwi-apron ngaphandle kokudala ingozi kwiinqwelomoya, abasebenzi basemhlabeni, kunye nawe. Ukutsiba ukuqonda emva kwenyathelo ngalinye yindlela abaqhubi abagqibela ngayo benqumla imida ngaphandle kwemvume.

Inyathelo 1. Gqibezela inkqubo yoqeqesho evunyiweyo yesikhululo seenqwelo-moya, egubungela ulwakhiwo oluthile lwenkundla yakho yeenqwelo-moya, indawo yazo zonke iindawo ezingashukumiyo, kunye nemithetho yokuvumela iinqwelo-moya. Uninzi lwezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya lubonelela ngolu qeqesho ngesebe lazo lokusebenza okanye imodyuli ekwi-intanethi esekelwe kwi ukuqhuba inqwelo moya incwadi yoqeqesho. Musa ukucinga ukuba uqeqesho oluya kwesinye isikhululo seenqwelo-moya luya kwesinye, ibala ngalinye leenqwelo-moya lineendawo ezikhethekileyo ezinomtsalane kunye neendawo ezithintelweyo.

Inyathelo 2. Phumelela uvavanyo olubhaliweyo oluvavanya ulwazi lwakho ngeempawu zendawo engashukumiyo, imida yesantya, kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano nomqhubi wesikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokubandakanya imibuzo esekelwe kwimeko malunga nento omawuyenze xa inqwelo-moya ibuya umva kwisango okanye xa udibana nomgca womda oqinileyo noqhekekileyo. Ukungaphumeleli kolu vavanyo kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukuqhubeka novavanyo olusebenzayo.

Inyathelo 3. Bonisa izakhono zokuqhuba ezisebenzayo kwindawo engashukumiyo phantsi koqwalaselo lomqeqeshi oqinisekisiweyo okanye abasebenzi abasebenza kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba ungakwazi na ukuhamba ngendlela ethe tyaba ngaphandle kokuma kwiindawo ezithintelweyo, uvumele iinqwelo-moya ukuba zihambe kakuhle, kwaye ugcine isantya esifanelekileyo kufutshane namasango kunye neendawo zokufaka amafutha. Umqeqeshi uya kukhangela ukuthandabuza okanye ukuzithemba okugqithisileyo, zombini ezi ziimpawu ezibomvu.

Inyathelo 4. Fumana ibheji yakho yokuqhuba okanye isiqinisekiso esikhutshwe kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya, esihlala sisebenza ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba kufuneke sihlaziywe. Ibheji kufuneka iboniswe ngokucacileyo xa usebenzisa nasiphi na isithuthi kwibala leenqwelo-moya. Ngaphandle kwayo, awuvumelekanga ukuqhuba naphi na ngaphakathi kwendawo engashukumiyo.

Ukugqiba le nkqubo kuvula amandla okuhamba ngokukhululekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kwi-apron ngaphandle kokufuna ukubekwa esweni rhoqo. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kwakha inkumbulo yemisipha efunekayo ukuze ume kumda ochanekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ukudideka Okuqhelekileyo: Indawo Engashukumiyo vs. Indawo Yokushukuma

Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu kwibala leenqwelo-moya kukuba i-apron yindawo ekhululekileyo apho nasiphi na isithuthi sinokuhamba khona ngaphandle kwemida. Umqhubi ogqiba ukuhambisa ukutya ubona indlela evulekileyo enqumla irempu aze ayithathe, engakhange ajonge ukuba loo ndlela inqumla umda ukuya kwindawo yokuhamba.

Umqhubi weteksi usondela esangweni aze aqhubeke edlula umgca otyheli oqinileyo, ecinga ukuba imithetho efanayo isebenza kuyo yonke indawo. La maxesha enkululeko yokucinga ngawo kanye apho kuqala khona ukungena okungagunyaziswanga kwiindlela zeeteksi nakwiindlela zokubaleka.

Ngaphambi: Umqhubi okanye umqhubi wenqwelo moya uphatha yonke i-apron njengendawo enye apho kuvunyelwa khona ukuhambahamba ngaphandle kwemvume. Babona inqwelo moya ipakwe, izithuthi zihamba, kwaye bacinga ukuba ingqiqo efanayo isebenza kuyo yonke indawo. Isiphumo kukuba imoto iwela kwindawo yokuhambahamba ngaphandle kwefowuni enye yerediyo, nto leyo edala ingxabano ngoko nangoko phakathi kwezithuthi ezifikayo okanye eziphumayo.

Emva: Wonke umqhubi kunye nomqhubi wenqwelo moya bayaqonda ukuba indawo engashukumiyo iphelela kwimigca yomda. Ukuwela loo mgca umthubi oqinileyo noqhekekileyo kufuna imvume ecacileyo ye-ATC, nokuba kusithuthi sesikhululo seenqwelo moya esimiselweyo. Isiphumo siba yindawo yeenqwelo moya eqeqeshekileyo apho yonke intshukumo ewela umda ihambelana, kwaye umngcipheko wokungena kwendlela yeenqwelo moya wehla kakhulu.

Ukudideka akukokwazi intsingiselo. Kukukuqonda ukuba iimpawu zemida azizongcebiso, zingumgca ophakathi kwendawo elawulwayo nengalawulwayo.

Iindawo ezingabandakanywanga kwiNdawo eNgenantshukumo

Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu umntu osebenza kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya anokuyenza kukuba indawo engashukumiyo igubungela yonke into engaphakathi kwindawo yokusebenza kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Iindlela zeenqwelo-moya, iindlela zeeteksi, kunye neendawo zazo zokhuseleko ezihambelana nazo zingaphandle kwemida yazo, kwaye ukudideka kwezo ndawo yindlela izithuthi zomhlaba eziphelela ngayo apho zingafanele zibe khona.

I-ramp okanye i-apron yindawo engashukumiyo. Indlela yeteksi ayishukumi. Umahluko uphelele kwaye uchazwa yi-ATC, kungekhona ngombala wendlela okanye ukusondela kwisiphelo sendlela. Wonke umqhubi osebenza kwibala leenqwelo-moya kufuneka azi ukuba xa amavili ewela ukusuka kwi-apron ukuya kwindlela yeteksi, imithetho yokuhamba itshintsha ngokupheleleyo.

The inkcazo yendawo engashukumiyo kwimithombo yezomthetho icacisa lo mda: ugubungela iirempu, ii-aproni, kunye nezinye iindlela zangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-AOA, kodwa awubandakanyi ngokucacileyo yonke indawo esetyenziselwa ukuthutha iitaxi zeenqwelo-moya, ukusuka kunye nokufika emhlabeniIindawo zokhuseleko ezikufutshane neendlela zokubaleka iinqwelomoya nazo azifakwanga kuba zisebenza njengeendawo ezikhuselekileyo apho kungekho sithuthi kufuneka sibe ngaphandle kwemvume ethe ngqo ye-ATC.

Oku kukhutshelwa ngaphandle akuyonto inzima. Ngumda ophakathi komsebenzi oqhelekileyo emhlabeni kunye nesiganeko esinokuxelwa. Umqhubi wenqwelo yemithwalo ophatha lonke ibala leenqwelo-moya njengendawo enye ekugqibeleni uya kunqumla loo mda engazi.

Lawula Indawo Engashukumiyo Ukuze Uhlale Ukhuselekile

Wonke umsebenzi wesikhululo seenqwelo-moya ngoku ubona indawo engashukumiyo njengoko injalo ngokwenene: umda wokhuseleko ofuna intlonipho, kungekhona indawo yokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo. Umahluko phakathi komhlaba olawulwayo nongalawulwayo ngumahluko phakathi kokutshintsha okuqhelekileyo kunye nophando lokungena kwendlela yokubhabha.

Ukwenza oku kuqonda kutshintsha izigqibo zemihla ngemihla. Umqhubi othandabuzayo kumgca otyheli oqinileyo noqhekekileyo endaweni yokuwela ngaphandle kokucinga uthintela imeko ekhokelela kwiingozi zomhlaba. Oko kuthandabuza akusilo ubulumko, kubuchule.

Hlaziya izixhobo zoqeqesho ezithile zesikhululo seenqwelo-moya sakho kule veki. Hamba imida ebekwe kwirempu yakho. Phatha yonke imigca njengendawo yokuma eqinileyo ude ufumane ithuba lokuwela. Umthetho ulula. Ixabiso lokungayinanzi ayinjalo.