Indlela ii-FAA Checkrides ezisebenza ngayo ngaphakathi kwi-pilot

Umhla wokuhlola uvavanyo unokumisela ukuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya uphela ngexesha okanye uchitha iiveki elinde ukuvulwa komvavanyi. Yiyo loo nto iingcali ezifuna ukuba ngabasebenzi zibuza ukuba uvavanyo lwe-FAA lusebenza njani kwaye nokuba luthwala ubunzima obufanayo novavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusebenzayo. Impendulo emfutshane ngu-ewe: xa luqhutywa phantsi kwegunya lovavanyo elivunyiweyo yi-FAA, uvavanyo lwangaphakathi lukhokelela kwisatifikethi okanye umlinganiselo ofanayo we-FAA. Umahluko ukwindlela isikolo esiququzelela, esicwangcisa, kwaye silawula ngayo uvavanyo lokugqibela.

Kumfundi ogxile kumsebenzi wakhe, loo mahluko ubalulekile. Inkqubo yeCandelo 141 eqhutywa kakuhle yakhelwe kwinkqubela phambili: gqibezela inqanaba, uhlangabezane nemigangatho yekhosi, ubonise ukulungela, kwaye udlulele kwisatifikethi esilandelayo. Igunya lovavanyo lwangaphakathi linokususa enye yezona ngongoma zingaqikelelwayo kolo landelelwano - ukulinda uMvavanyi wePilot oKhethiweyo wangaphandle, okanye iDPE.

Oko Kuthethwa Yi-FAA Checkride Yangaphakathi

Uvavanyo lwe-FAA oluqhutywa ngaphakathi alulovavanyo lwesikolo oluqhelekileyo, kwaye aluyondlela imfutshane ejikeleze imigangatho ye-FAA. Luvavanyo oluqhutywa ngumphathi we-FAA ogunyazisiweyo okanye ovunyiweyo kwinkqubo yegunya lovavanyo lwesikolo somoya. Isikolo kufuneka sibe negunya elithile le-FAA lokuqhuba uvavanyo olusebenzayo kwiikhosi ezifanelekileyo kunye nabafaki-zicelo.

Elo gunya lifunyanwa, lijongwe, kwaye lithintelwe yi-FAA. Alifumaneki ngokuzenzekelayo kuzo zonke izikolo zeCandelo 141, kwaye alisebenzi kuzo zonke izatifikethi okanye amanqaku anikezelwa sisikolo. I-FAA iyayivuma isikolo, izifundo zaso, iinkqubo zaso zovavanyo, iirekhodi zaso, kunye nobubanzi begunya laso. Abahloli be-FAA bagcina ulwalathiso kwaye banokuphonononga iimviwo, iirekhodi zoqeqesho, ukusebenza kwabavavanyi, kunye nokuthobela inkqubo.

Kumfundi, isiphumo sisatifikethi se-FAA okanye umlinganiselo okhutshwa ngenkqubo efanayo yesatifikethi sikarhulumente. Isatifikethi sokuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelomoya esifunyenwe ngovavanyo olusebenzayo oluvunyiweyo lwangaphakathi sisatifikethi sokuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo. Iinqwelomoya, abaqeshi, abanini bomshuwalense, kunye ne-FAA abayithathi njengesiqinisekiso esingaphantsi kuba uvavanyo olusebenzayo lwenziwe kwisikolo somfundi.

Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphakathi Kwendlu vs. i-DPE Yangaphandle

Imigangatho yovavanyo olusebenzayo ayibi lula kuba umvavanyi ungaphakathi. Abafaki-zicelo kusafuneka bahlangabezane neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zokufaneleka, bagqibe uqeqesho olufunekayo, baphumelele uvavanyo lolwazi lwe-FAA xa lufuneka, bafumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo, kwaye babonise imisebenzi kwiMigangatho yeSatifikethi se-Airman efanelekileyo, okanye i-ACS.

Utshintsho olukhulu kukulawula inkqubo yokucwangcisa. Nge-DPE yangaphandle, umfaki-sicelo olungeleyo unokufuna ukulungelelanisa ukufumaneka kweenqwelo-moya, iishedyuli zomqeqeshi, imozulu, ukufumaneka komvavanyi, kunye nomhla osebenza ngaphakathi kwendawo yenkonzo yomvavanyi. Ngexesha leemfuno eziphezulu, oko kulinda kunokuba yinxalenye ende yovavanyo.

Isikolo esinegunya lokuvavanya sinokucwangcisa umthamo wokuqhuba uvavanyo njengenxalenye yekhalenda yekhosi yaso. Abafundi abakaqinisekiswa ukuba baya kupasa okanye baya kuvavanywa ngoko nangoko kuba nje bebhalisiwe. Kufuneka bagqibe ikhosi evunyiweyo baze bacetyiswe kuvavanyo olusebenzayo. Kodwa xa sele bekulungele, isikolo sikulungele ngakumbi ukugcina inyathelo lokugqibela lihambelana nomfutho woqeqesho.

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yovavanyo lobuchwephesha ekhawulezileyo. Umfundi osuka kuqeqesho lovavanyo lomqhubi wabucala aye kuqeqesho lwezixhobo, injini enye yorhwebo, injini ezininzi zorhwebo, kunye noqeqesho lomqeqeshi ufuna ukuqhubeka. Izikhewu ezinde zinokuthetha ukulahlekelwa bubuchule, uhambo olongezelelweyo lokuphonononga, iindleko ezongezelelweyo, kunye nendlela ebambezelekileyo eya kumsebenzi wokubhabha.

Indlela Esebenza Ngayo Inkqubo Yokujonga Ngaphakathi

Inkqubo iqala kudala ngaphambi kosuku lovavanyo olusebenzayo. Kwikhosi ecwangcisiweyo yeCandelo 141, abafundi baqeqeshwa kwisilabhasi evunyiweyo yi-FAA enezifundo ezichaziweyo, ukujonga inqanaba, imilinganiselo yenkqubela phambili, kunye neemfuno zokugqiba izifundo. Ulandelelwano oluchanekileyo luyahluka ngokwekhosi, kodwa umgaqo awuguquguquki: isikolo siqinisekisa ukuba umfundi angenza ngokwesiqhelo ngaphambi kokuba abeke loo mfundi phambi komvavanyi.

Uqeqesho kunye nokuhlolwa kwesigaba kuza kuqala

Ukuhlolwa kwesigaba luvavanyo lwangaphakathi olusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kuqeqesho. Lunokubandakanya imibuzo ngomlomo, ukuqhuba ngenqwelo moya, ukwenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezithile, kunye nokuphononongwa kwezikhewu zolwazi. Ukuhlolwa kwesigaba akusiyo indlela yokuhlola i-FAA, kodwa yenye yezona nyathelo zibalulekileyo zokulawula umgangatho ngaphambi kwayo.

Abafundi bafanele balindele impendulo ethe ngqo. Ukuba ubuthathaka bokucwangcisa ilizwe lonke, impazamo yenkqubo yezixhobo, okanye ukungahambelani kokufika kuvela ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesigaba, impendulo echanekileyo kuqeqesho olujolise ngakumbi. Ukuthumela umfaki-sicelo ongalungiselelanga kuvavanyo olusebenzayo akusebenzi ngokwexesha lomsebenzi womfundi okanye ngokwemigangatho yokuphumelela yesikolo.

Isikolo siqinisekisa ukufaneleka kunye nokugqitywa kwekhosi

Ngaphambi kokuba kucwangciswe uhambo lokuhlola lwe-FAA lwangaphakathi, isebe loqeqesho lihlola iirekhodi zomfaki-sicelo. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelo moya, uqeqesho lomhlaba, iziphumo zovavanyo lolwazi, iziqinisekiso, imeko yesatifikethi sezonyango xa kufanelekile, amaxwebhu esazisi, ulwazi lwesatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelo moya, kunye nokugqitywa kwekhosi evunyiweyo.

Kubafundi beCandelo 141, isatifikethi sokugqiba izifundo kunye neerekhodi zezifundo zibalulekile. Zibonisa ukuba umfaki-sicelo ugqibile ikharityhulam evunyiweyo kwaye wahlangabezana nobunzima bezifundo. Umfaki-sicelo womqhubi wenqwelo moya wabucala, umfaki-sicelo wezixhobo, umfaki-sicelo womqhubi wenqwelo moya wezorhwebo, okanye umfaki-sicelo womqeqeshi wenqwelo moya unokuba neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zoxwebhu, ngoko ke ukuchaneka kubalulekile.

Abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka bacwangciswe ngokukodwa. Iirekhodi zesatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelo moya wase-US, imvume yoqeqesho lwe-TSA apho kuyimfuneko, ukuchongwa kwepasipoti, imeko ye-visa, kunye namaxwebhu esikolo kufuneka zigcinwe zisexesheni ukususela ngosuku lokuqala loqeqesho. Ulawulo oluqinileyo alunabukhazikhazi, kodwa luthintela ukulibaziseka okunokuthintelwa.

Umvavanyi ogunyazisiweyo wenza uvavanyo olusebenzayo

Ngomhla wokuhlola, umvavanyi uvavanya umfaki-sicelo phantsi kwesakhelo esifanayo se-ACS esisetyenziswa kulo naluphi na uvavanyo olusebenzayo lwe-FAA. Uvavanyo ngokubanzi luquka inxalenye yomlomo kunye nenxalenye yokubhabha. Uvavanyo lomlomo aluyonto ingaqhelekanga. Luvavanya ukuba umfaki-sicelo angayisebenzisa na imithetho, ulwazi lweenkqubo zeenqwelo-moya, isigwebo semozulu, ukwenza izigqibo zeenqwelo-moya, ulawulo lomngcipheko, kunye nolwazi olufunekayo kwisatifikethi okanye uphononongo.

Inxalenye yendiza ivavanya isakhono esisebenzayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kuvavanyo, oko kungabandakanya ukusuka nokufika, ukuhamba ngenqanawa, iinkqubo zongxamiseko, iindlela zokusondela kwezixhobo, iindawo zokubeka, iindlela zorhwebo, imisebenzi yeenjini ezininzi, okanye imisebenzi yokufundisa. Umvavanyi unokuyeka uvavanyo lwemozulu, iingxaki zeenqwelo-moya, okanye izizathu zokusebenza. Umfaki-sicelo unokufuna uvavanyo kwakhona ukuba umsebenzi awuzange wenziwe kumgangatho oqhelekileyo.

Umsebenzi womviwa kukwenza isigqibo sokuzimela ngesiqinisekiso, kungekhona ukukhusela ixesha lokugqiba isikolo. Oko kwahlukana kubalulekile. Igunya langaphakathi lisebenza kuphela xa inkqubo yovavanyo ihlala icwangcisiwe, ibhalwe phantsi, kwaye ihambelana neemfuno ze-FAA.

Isiqinisekiso sicutshungulwa ngeenkqubo ze-FAA

Xa umfaki-sicelo ephumelela, umvavanyi ugcwalisa amaphepha oqinisekiso ngenkqubo yesiqinisekiso se-FAA somqhubi wenqwelo moya aze akhuphe isatifikethi sexeshana esifanelekileyo xa egunyazisiwe. Isatifikethi esisisigxina emva koko sicutshungulwa ngenkqubo ye-FAA. Ukuba umfaki-sicelo akaphumeleli, umvavanyi ubhala phantsi iindawo ezinganelisiyo ukuze umfundi kunye nomqeqeshi bakwazi ukujolisa ekuqeqeshweni kwakhona ngaphambi kovavanyo kwakhona.

Le nkqubo isemthethweni, iyalandeleka, kwaye iphantsi kweliso le-FAA. Isikolo asinakukwazi nje ukuveza umfundi ukuba unesiqinisekiso kuba umfundi egqibile ikhosi.

Kutheni Oku Kubalulekile Kwixesha Lomsebenzi Weenqwelo-moya

Kwabo bafuna ukuqhuba iinqwelomoya, isantya sibaluleke kakhulu kuphela xa sihambelana nemigangatho. Injongo asikokukhawulezisa umfundi afumane isatifikethi ngaphambi kokuba alungele. Injongo kukuphelisa ukulinda okunokuthintelwa emva kokuba umfundi ekulungele.

Loo mahluko kulapho ukutshekisha ngaphakathi endlwini kudala khona inzuzo yokwenene. Umjelo woqeqesho othembekileyo uvumela abafundi ukuba balondoloze ubuchule, bacwangcise imali ngokuchanekileyo, balungelelanise izindlu kunye nokuhamba, kwaye baqale uvavanyo olulandelayo ngaphandle kokusilela okungaqinisekiyo kwabavavanyi. Inokunceda abafundisi-ntsapho kunye namaqela okuhambisa inqwelo-moya ukuba bacwangcise iinqwelo-moya ezinokuphazamiseka okuncinci ngomzuzu wokugqibela.

I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy isebenzisa i-FAA Self-Examining Authority njengenxalenye yendlela ecwangcisiweyo yeCandelo 141 eyenzelwe abafundi abafuna iziqinisekiso zobungcali zokuqhuba. Kubafundi abafanelekileyo kwizifundo ezivunyiweyo, ubuchule buxhasa utshintsho olucwangcisiweyo ukusuka ekugqityweni koqeqesho ukuya kuvavanyo olusebenzayo endaweni yokushiya isicwangciso somsebenzi sixhomekeke kubukho beshedyuli yangaphandle.

Sekunjalo, abafundi kufuneka bavavanye inkqubo epheleleyo, kungabi yinto enye kuphela. Buza ukuba zeziphi izifundo ezigutyungelwe ligunya lokuhlola, zeziphi imigangatho yokulungiselela esebenzayo, indlela ecwangciswe ngayo ii-checkrides, kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuyekiswa, kwaye ingaba ukufumaneka kweenqwelo-moya kunye nabafundisi kuyayixhasa na isantya esibhengeziweyo. Isikolo esinegunya langaphakathi kodwa umgangatho woqeqesho ubuthathaka asivelisi siphumo sigqwesileyo. Isiphumo esingcono sivela kubafundisi abanamandla, iinqwelo-moya ezigcinwe kakuhle, ulawulo olucacileyo lwezifundo, kunye nomgangatho onzima wokuhlola ii-checkrides besebenzisana.

Indlela Yokulungiselela Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphakathi Ekhaya

Phatha uvavanyo olusebenzayo lwangaphakathi kanye njengokuba ubuya kwenza nakweyiphi na i-FAA checkride. Yazi i-ACS yesatifikethi sakho okanye ireyithingi yakho. Ukwazi ukuchaza izigqibo zakho, ungaphindi nje ucacise iinyani. Hlaziya amaxwebhu enqwelomoya, imida, iinkqubo, ukusebenza, kunye nokuhlolwa okufunekayo. Ziqhelise ukucwangcisa uhambo lwenqwelomoya ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni, kuquka ukutolikwa kwemozulu, izigqibo ezitshintshanayo, ucwangciso lwepetroli, uvavanyo lomngcipheko, kunye nokugweba okuyinyani ukuhamba/ukungahambi.

Iinqwelo-moya zakho zokugqibela zoqeqesho nazo kufuneka zibe zinyanisekile. Ukuba intshukumo ayihambelani, yitsho kwangethuba kwaye uyilungise. Ukuba imibuzo yomlomo iveza indawo ebuthathaka, yakha isicwangciso sokufunda esigxile endaweni yokuthemba ukuba asiyi kuvela. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaziingcali kulindeleke ukuba bachonge umngcipheko, basebenzise izixhobo ezikhoyo, baze benze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ingxaki encinci ibe yingxaki yokusebenza.

Uvavanyo lwangaphakathi lunokwenza ukuba uqeqesho luqikeleleke ngakumbi. Aluyithobi inqanaba. Lunika abafundi abalungiseleleyo indlela ecacileyo ukusuka ekugqityweni kwekhosi ukuya kwisatifikethi se-FAA - kwaye lolo luhlobo lwenzuzo yokusebenza egcina isicwangciso somsebenzi weenqwelo moya siqhubela phambili.