Iklasi 1 vs Iklasi 2 Yezonyango: Izatifikethi ze-FAA zithelekiswa

Isatifikethi sezonyango se-FAA sodidi lokuqala seso kufuneka ikapteni yeenqwelo moya isebenzise amalungelo okuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya (ATP). Isatifikethi sezonyango sodidi lwesibini sigubungela ukubhabha kwezorhwebo kunye nomsebenzi wenqwelo moya wodidi lwesibini. Umahluko osebenzayo kuwe uphantsi kwezinto ezintathu: ukuba yeyiphi inqwelo moya oceba ukuyenza, ukuba isatifikethi sihlala sisebenza ixesha elingakanani kuloo moya, kunye novavanyo lwentliziyo olongezelelweyo oluza novavanyo lweklasi yokuqala. Ukuba ukhangela iindidi zezixhobo ze-FDA zeKlasi yoku-1 neyeKlasi yesi-2, loo nto yinkalo eyahlukileyo. Esi sikhokelo sigubungela izatifikethi zonyango zomqhubi wenqwelo moya kuphela.

TL; DR

• A unyango lweklasi yokuqala luyafuneka ukuze kufunyanwe amalungelo omqhubi wesatifiketi se-ATPKufuneka unyango olukumgangatho wesibini ukuze ufumane amalungelo okuqhuba uphando kwezorhwebo.
• Phantsi kwe-14 CFR 61.23, isatifikethi seklasi yokuqala esisetyenziselwa imisebenzi ye-ATP pilot-in-command sihlala iinyanga ezili-12 zekhalenda ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 kunye ne-6 ukuba uneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu. Sisetyenziselwa amalungelo orhwebo, sibalwa njengodidi lwesibini kwaye sihlala iinyanga ezili-12.
• Uvavanyo lweklasi yokuqala longeza i-electrocardiogram (EKG) xa uneminyaka engama-35 ubudala kwaye minyaka le emva kweminyaka engama-40. Udidi lwesibini nolwesithathu aluyidingi loo nto.
• Udidi oluphezulu luquka amalungelo eeklasi ezisezantsi, ngoko ke umnini weklasi yokuqala angasebenzisa amalungelo eklasi yesibini kunye naweklasi yesithathu.
• Ukuba injongo yakho kukufumana iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya, faka isicelo senqanaba eliphezulu onokulifuna ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele ekufundiseni.

Isiqulatho

• Yintoni eyenzelwe iklasi nganye
• Udidi lokuqala vs udidi lwesibini: uthelekiso oluhambelanayo
• Ixesha elingakanani isatifikethi ngasinye, kwaye kutheni "sirhoxa"
• Oko kuthethwa luvavanyo
• Yeyiphi iklasi umfundi wenqwelo moya afanele ayifumane
• Xa unyango lungahambi njengoko bekucwangcisiwe
• Imbono yethu
• Cwangcisa uqeqesho lwakho ngesatifikethi esifanelekileyo
• FAQ
• imithombo

Yintoni eyenzelwe iklasi nganye

I-FAA ihlela izatifikethi zonyango ngohlobo lokubhabha oluhamba ngalo. Ngokubanzi, isatifikethi seklasi yokuqala senzelwe abaqhubi beenqwelo moya, ngelixa isatifikethi seklasi yesibini senzelwe abaqhubi beenqwelo moya zorhwebo.Iklasi yesithathu ingaphantsi kwazo zombini kwaye igubungela ukubhabha kwabafundi, ukuzonwabisa kunye nokubhabha kwabucala.

The Isikhokelo se-FAA sabaHloli bezonyango beenqwelomoya ithi isiqinisekiso senqanaba lesibini siyafuneka kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zorhwebo, iinjineli zeenqwelo-moya, oomatiloshe beenqwelo-moya kunye nabaqhubi beenqaba zolawulo lweenqwelo-moya. Ngokwenyani, esi sisiqinisekiso somqhubi wenqwelo-moya ohlawulwayo ukubhabha kodwa ongasebenzi njengokapteni kwinqwelo-moya ecwangcisiweyo. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yile:

• Abafundisi beenqwelo-moya abahlawulwayo ukufundisa kwindawo yoqeqesho
• Ukujikeleza ngemibhobho, ukufota emoyeni kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zophando
• Abaqhubi beemoto kunye neenkampani ezisebenza phantsi kwamalungelo orhwebo
• Amagosa okuqala eenqwelo moya asebenzisa amalungelo esibini kwisatifiketi se-ATP

Isatifikethi seklasi yokuqala seso usidingayo ukuze usebenze njengomqhubi wenqwelo moya olawula umsebenzi weenqwelo moya ofuna i-ATP. Sisatifikethi esinazo zonke iikapteni zeenqwelo moya zaseMelika, kwaye leso igosa lokuqala eliza kusidinga ekugqibeleni xa lisiya kwisihlalo sasekhohlo.

Udidi lokuqala vs udidi lwesibini: uthelekiso oluhambelanayo

Amanani okuqinisekisa avela ngqo kwi I-14 CFR 61.23Imithetho ye-EKG kunye nomvavanyi ivela kwi-FAA's Ukuhamba ngeNdlela yeNqwelo-moya yezonyango upapasho.

Ixesha elingakanani isatifikethi ngasinye, kwaye kutheni "sirhoxa"

Le yinxalenye emangalisa uninzi lwabafundi. Isatifikethi sezonyango asinawo umhla wokuphelelwa. Ukufaneleka kwaso kuxhomekeke kumalungelo owasebenzisayo nakwiminyaka yakho ngomhla woviwo.

Thatha isatifikethi seklasi yokuqala esinikwe umfaki-sicelo oneminyaka engama-32 ubudala:

• Kwimisebenzi yomqhubi we-ATP okhokelayo, ilungele iinyanga ezili-12 zekhalenda.
• Emva koko, isasebenza njengezonyango zeklasi yesibini zamalungelo orhwebo de kube sekupheleni kwenyanga ye-12.
• Emva koko, iyaqhubeka njengonyango lweklasi yesithathu. Kumqhubi wenqwelomoya ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40, amalungelo eklasi yesithathu ahlala iinyanga ezingama-60 zekhalenda; xa eneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu, engama-24.

Kumqhubi wenqwelo moya oneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu kuvavanyo, ixesha lokuphumelela kwi-first class yemisebenzi yomqhubi wenqwelo moya okhokelayo we-ATP lifinyela kwiinyanga ezi-6 zekhalenda. Yiyo loo nto ookapteni beenqwelo moya abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 behlolwa kabini ngonyaka.

Isatifikethi seklasi yesibini silandela ingqiqo efanayo xa inqanaba elinye lisusiwe. Sisebenza iinyanga ezili-12 zekhalenda kumalungelo orhwebo, size sibuyele kumalungelo odidi lwesithathu kula maxesha angasentla.

Iinkcukacha ezimbini zibalulekile xa usebenza. Okokuqala, amaxesha ziinyanga zekhalenda: isatifikethi esikhutshwe phakathi kwenyanga sihlala sisebenza kude kube ngumhla wokugqibela wenyanga efanelekileyo. Okwesibini, ukwahlulwahlulwa kwabangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 kunye nabangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 okanye ngaphezulu kuqinisekiswa bubudala bakho ngomhla woviwo, kungekhona ngomhla wokuzalwa kamva. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo enzulu ngokuhlaziya, jonga isikhokelo sethu ku iimfuno zesatifikethi sezonyango sovavanyo kunye nokuhlaziywa.

Oko kuthethwa luvavanyo

Zombini iiklasi zilandela inkqubo efanayo esisiseko. Uqala ngokuthi ukudala iakhawunti yeMedXPress nokungenisa isicelo sakho kwi-intanethi, uze uthathe inombolo yokuqinisekisa uye kwi-AME yakho. Sichaza ifomu inyathelo ngenyathelo kwi isikhokelo sethu seMedXPress sabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abafundi.

Kwintlanganiso, i-FAA ithi uvavanyo luquka uvavanyo lwezinto ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni, uvavanyo lokubona nokuva, uvavanyo lwe-EKG ukuba luyimfuneko, kunye novavanyo lomchamoI-AME kufuneka ihlolisise imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye yenze uvavanyo lomzimba ukuze ibone ukuba uyahlangabezana na nemigangatho ekwi-14 CFR icandelo 67.

Umahluko phakathi kweeklasi mncinane kunokuba abafaki-zicelo abaninzi belindele:

• Uvavanyo lwentliziyo. Uvavanyo lweklasi yokuqala lufuna i-electrocardiogram xa uneminyaka engama-35 ubudala kwaye minyaka le emva kweminyaka engama-40. Uvavanyo lwesibini alufuni.
• Umvavanyi. Ii-AMEs ezikhethiweyo kuphela ezinokwenza iimviwo zeklasi yokuqala. Ngaphambi kokubhukisha, qinisekisa ukuba umvavanyi omkhethileyo ugunyazisiwe kwiklasi oyifunayo.
• Imigangatho. Zombini iiklasi zilinganiswa ngokwecandelo 67, kwaye imigangatho yeklasi yokuqala yeyona inzima kakhulu. Buza umvavanyi wakho okanye uhlole Isikhokelo se-AME kwiimfuno ezineenkcukacha zeklasi nganye.

Ukuba ufuna umfanekiso opheleleyo wento ebandakanya iklasi yokuqala, iphepha lethu malunga Isatifikethi sezonyango se-FAA seklasi yoku-1 igubungela inkqubo, kunye nesishwankathelo sethu se Iimfuno zesatifikethi sezonyango se-FAA igubungela zonke iindidi ezintathu.

Yeyiphi iklasi umfundi wenqwelo moya afanele ayifumane

Ubuncinane obumiselweyo buphantsi. Umfundi wenqwelo moya kufuneka abe nesatifikethi sezonyango seklasi yesithathu ubuncinane, nangona naluphi na udidi luya kwanelaNgokomthetho, ungaqala uqeqesho nakweyiphi na iklasi.

Ngokweqhinga, impendulo yahlukile kumntu oceba ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya. Isikhokelo se-FAA ngokwaso sithi abafundi abaceba ukungena kwi-aircraft yorhwebo kufuneka bafake izicelo zesatifikethi sezonyango esikumgangatho ophezulu esinokuba yimfuneko kumsebenzi wabo.Isizathu siphathelele ezezimali kunye nezonyango:

1. Ufumanisa kwangethuba. Imeko ekwenza ungafaneleki kwiklasi yokuqala ifumaneka ngcono kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba uchithe imali yakho yokufunda, kungekhona emva kokuba isatifikethi sorhwebo sifikile.
2. Uvavanyo olunye lugubungela yonke into. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya onesatifikethi sodidi oluphezulu uhlangabezane neemfuno zeeklasi ezisezantsi kwaye angasebenzisa amalungelo avunyelwe ziiklasi ezisezantsiUvavanyo olunye lweklasi yokuqala lugubungela uqeqesho lwakho lwabucala, lwezixhobo zomculo, lwezorhwebo kunye nolwabaqeqeshi.
3. Akukho mviwo ziphinda-phindwayo. Uyakuphepha ukuthatha uvavanyo lwesibini nolunzima ngakumbi kamva xa inkampani yeenqwelo-moya yengingqi icela ubungqina bokufaneleka.

Umthetho ofanelekileyo: ukuba isicwangciso sakho siphelela ekubhabheni ngenqwelomoya okanye kumqeqeshi, isatifiketi sokusebenza sezonyango seklasi yesibini. Ukuba isicwangciso sakho siphelela kwi-cockpit yeenqwelo moya, qala ngeklasi yokuqala. Isikhokelo sethu sendlela yokuqhuba uhambo. abaqhubi beenqwelo moya zomsebenzi kwisatifikethi sezonyango se-FAA ibeka ukulandelelana, kwaye zeziphi iimviwo zeenqwelo-moya ezifunekayo ukuze ziqeqeshwe iphendula imibuzo eqhelekileyo yokuqalisa.

Xa unyango lungahambi njengoko bekucwangcisiwe

Isiphumo esingagqibelelanga asisosiphelo sendlela rhoqo. Ukuba usenokungafikeleli umgangatho othile, i-FAA icebisa ukuba uphande isikhokelo se-AME kwangaphambili kwaye uzise amaxwebhu afunekayo. Ukuba uviwo luhlehlisiwe, nika iirekhodi eziceliweyo; ukuba uyaliwa, ungabhena okanye ubuze malunga noKhupho oluKhethekileyo olunokwenzeka.

Ukurhoxiswa kwesicelo kuthetha ukuba i-AME ithumela ifayile yakho kwi-FAA ukuze iphononongwe ngakumbi. I-FAA ikwaphawula ukuba Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangahlangabezani nemigangatho yezonyango basenokufaneleka phantsi kwemigaqo ekhethekileyo yokukhupha okanye inkqubo yokukhululwaAbafundi abanengxaki yomzimba banokufumana isatifikethi esisebenzayo ukususela amalungelo okuqhuba inqwelo moya yabafundi kuphelaEmva kokuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye nokubonisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, banokufumana iNgxelo yoBuchule obuBonisiweyo (i-SODA).

Ukuba unesifo esithile, amayeza, okanye isiganeko esidlulileyo ocinga ukuba singabaluleka, thetha ne-AME ngaphambi kokuba ungenise ifomu le-MedXPress, kwaye ungashiyi nto kwisicelo sakho. ukungafaneleki kweklasi yokuqala ikunceda ulungiselele imibuzo yaloo ncoko, kwaye Isikhokelo seemfuno zonyango ze-FAA igubungela inkqubo ebanzi.

Imbono yethu

Sicebisa wonke umfundi osixelela ukuba iinjongo zeenqwelo-moya kukufumana uvavanyo lwezonyango olukumgangatho ophezulu ngaphambi kwesifundo sokuqala esihlawulelwayo, kwaye sitsho ngesizathu esingenanto yakwenza namaphepha. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali loqeqesho lokubhabha sisicwangciso, kwaye unyango lolona qikelelo lukwisicwangciso esingenakuthethwana ngalo, sixhaswe ngemali okanye sithathwe kwakhona ngokuthanda.

Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abakhawuleza kakhulu ngekharityhulam abafane babe ngabo banexesha elininzi lokuphumla. Ngabo abangenamibuzo ingasonjululwanga: uphando lwezonyango, ishedyuli eyakhelwe phezu kwayo, kunye nenkqubo engalindeli umvavanyi. Lowo ngumgaqo woyilo lwe-academy yethu. SineGunya lokuZihlola, elisivumela ukuba senze uvavanyo lwe-FAA ngaphakathi, kwaye iinkqubo zethu zeCandelo 141 zakhiwe ngendlela yokuba umfundi onovavanyo lwezonyango olucocekileyo akwazi ukuqhubela phambili ukusuka kuvavanyo lwabucala ukuya kwi-ATP kwiiyure nje ezili-111 zoqeqesho lokubhabha.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango olukumgangatho ophezulu lulona nqanaba lokuqala lovavanyo. Yenza kwangethuba, yenze nomvavanyi ofanelekileyo, kwaye yonke inkqubo iba yinto ekufuneka yenziwe.

Rainer

Cwangcisa uqeqesho lwakho ngesatifikethi esifanelekileyo

Nje ukuba unyango lwakho lugqityiwe, umbuzo olandelayo kukuba ungaluguqula ngokukhawuleza nangokuqikelelweyo lube sisiqinisekiso sorhwebo. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy iqeqesha abafundi baseMelika nabamazwe ngamazwe, inikezela ngenkxaso ye-visa ye-M1, kwaye ilawula ukuvavanywa kwe-FAA ngaphakathi endlwini ngeGunya layo lokuZihlola, eliyilelwe ukunciphisa ixesha lokulinda iimviwo ezisebenzayo.

Ukuba ufuna indlela yokwenza iindleko, ungaceba, INkqubo yeSikolo seSikolo seNqwelomoya yeXabiso eliZinzileyo ibhalwe kwi-$85,900 ngexesha elinye, kwaye eyethu Inkqubo yeMisebenzi yokuLinga i-Airline yase-US ibhalwe kwi-$49,950 ngexesha elinye. Ungakhangela umntu ngamnye iikhosi zoqeqesho lokulingwa, ukususela kwi-private pilot ukuya kwi-instrument, ii-multi-injini kunye ne-CFI.

Cela iqela lethu lokwamkelwa ukuba liqinisekise ukuba loluphi ucwangciso, kunye nodidi lwezonyango, oluhambelana nendlela yakho ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise.

FAQ

Ngaba ndingaqeqeshwa ngeklasi yesibini yezonyango ndize ndiphucule ndiye kwiklasi yokuqala kamva?

Ewe. Naliphi na iklasi lanele kumfundi oqhuba uvavanyo, kwaye ungafaka isicelo sesatifikethi seklasi yokuqala nangaliphi na ixesha. Umngcipheko lixesha: ukuba kuvela imeko yokungafaneleki kuvavanyo olulandelayo, uya kuba utyale imali kuqeqesho kuqala. Yiyo loo nto i-FAA icebisa abafundi abaceba umsebenzi worhwebo ukuba bafake izicelo zeklasi ephezulu abanokuyidinga.

Ngaba ingcali yezonyango ekumgangatho ophezulu iyandivumela ukuba ndibhabhe njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo?

Ewe. Isatifikethi sodidi oluphezulu siquka amalungelo eeklasi ezisezantsi. Kwimisebenzi yorhwebo, isatifikethi sodidi lokuqala siphathwa njengesodidi lwesibini, kwaye sisebenza iinyanga ezili-12 zekhalenda kuloo misebenzi phantsi kwe-14 CFR 61.23.

Kutheni unyango lwam lweklasi yokuqala luphelelwa kungekudala emva kweminyaka engama-40?

Lo mthetho ufinyeza ixesha lemisebenzi yomqhubi we-ATP okhokelayo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-6 zekhalenda kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu kuvavanyo. Isatifikethi asinyamalali. Siyayeka ukusebenza kwaye sihlala sisebenza kumalungelo eklasi yesibini aze emva koko abeklasi yesithathu ngamaxesha abo.

Ngaba unyango lweklasi yesibini lufuna i-EKG?

Hayi. Ngokwe-FAA, i-EKG iyadingeka kuvavanyo lweklasi yokuqala xa uneminyaka engama-35 kwaye minyaka le emva kweminyaka engama-40, kwaye ayifuneki kwiklasi yesibini okanye yesithathu. Umvavanyi wakho usenokufaka iimviwo ukuba imbali yakho ifuna ukuba zenziwe.

Ngaba i-FDA Class I kunye ne-II Class ziyafana nezi medicals?

Inombolo ye-FDA Class I, II kunye ne-III zichaza iindidi zomngcipheko olawulayo wezixhobo zonyango. Izatifikethi zonyango zovavanyo zikhutshwa yi-FAA phantsi kwe-14 CFR icandelo 67 kwaye zihlelwa njengezokuqala, ezesibini nezesithathu.

imithombo

• 14 CFR 61.23, Izatifikethi zonyango: Imfuneko kunye nobude bexesha (eCFR)
• I-FAA: Xa kuyimfuneko, loluphi udidi lwesatifikethi sezonyango umfundi wenqwelo moya amele abe naso?
• Isikhokelo se-FAA sabaHloli bezonyango beenqwelomoya: Iindidi zesatifikethi sezonyango
• I-FAA: Ukuhamba ngeNdlela yeNqwelo-moya yezonyango
• I-FAA: Ndingasifumana njani iSatifikethi sezonyango kwaye ndilindele ntoni
• I-FAA AIP ENR 1.15: Iinkcukacha zezonyango zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya
• Incwadi Yolwazi Lweenqwelo-moya Yomqhubi Wenqwelo-moya, Isahluko 17

kucetyiswa

• Isatifikethi sezoNyango seKlasi ye-1 ye-FAA: Yonke into okufuneka uyazi ukuze uyifumane
• Izatifikethi zezoNyango ze-FAA: Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi - #1 IsiKhokelo sokugqibela
• IiMfuno zeSatifikethi soNyango se-FAA: #1 IsiKhokelo esiPheleleyo sabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya
• I-FAA Medicals ilula ngakumbi kunokuba ucinga: Yintoni onokuyilindela ngexesha loviwo lwakho