UQeqesho lweSilinganisi seFlight: Esona siKhokelo sokuLoga iiyure zokuLinga

Kutheni le nto uQeqesho lweSilinganisi seFlight luneMibatho yokuQeshwa kweyure yokuLinga

Ukuba uceba ukuloga yonke iyure enokwenzeka kwilayisenisi yakho, uqeqesho lokulinganisa inqwelomoya lunokuba sesona sixhobo sikrelekrele kakhulu ongasisebenzisiyo. Izifanisi azikho nje i-backup ngeentsuku zemvula-ziyinxalenye yendlela evunyiweyo ye-FAA yokufumana isatifikethi sakho ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha naphantsi.

Kodwa kulapho uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelomoya lutyibilika khona: ayililo lonke ixesha lokulinganisa elibalwayo. Kwaye ukuyiloga ngendlela engeyiyo—nokuba luqinisekiso oluphosiweyo, uhlobo lwesixhobo esingalunganga, okanye ukubhidanisa iiyure ze-SIM kunye nexesha lokwenyani lokubhabha—kunokuthetha iiyure ezaliwe, ukulibaziseka kohambo, okanye izicelo zelayisensi ezaliwe.

Esi sikhokelo sichaza ngqo ukuba uqeqesho lwe-flight simulator lungena njani Iimfuno ze-FAA ze-PPL, i-CPL, kunye ne-ATPL. Uya kufunda ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zesilingisi ezifanelekileyo, lingakanani ixesha onokungena ngalo, kunye nendlela yokurekhoda iseshoni nganye ngendlela eyiyo-ukuze okwenzayo emhlabeni kubalwe emoyeni.

Yintoni uQeqesho lweFlight Simulator?

Uqeqesho lwe-Flight simulator yeyona nto ivakala ngathi-ukufunda ukubhabha ngaphandle kokushiya umhlaba. Kodwa oku akukho malunga nemidlalo okanye isoftware ye-hobbyist. Kwi-aviation, uqeqesho lwe-simulator lucwangcisiwe, umyalelo owaziwayo we-FAA oqhutywe kwisixhobo soqeqesho esiqinisekisiweyo esenzelwe ukuphindaphinda iimeko zendiza zangempela kwindawo elawulwayo.

Ezi ayizondawo zokunxiba eziqhelekileyo ezinokutshintsha. Ii-simulators zanamhlanje ziikopi ezineenkcukacha ezininzi iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya, igqibelele ngolawulo lokwenyani lokubhabha, iimeko zemozulu, ukuhamba kwe-airspace, kunye neenkqubo zongxamiseko. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kuqeqesho lokulinga-I-BATD, IATAT, FTD, yaye ffs-nganye ibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo enyani kunye nokuvunywa kweFAA. Siza kuziqhekeza ezo ngomzuzwana.

Kubafundi abasebenza ngokubhekiselele kwilayisenisi yabo yokuqala okanye uqeqesho lwabaqhubi abanamava kwiziqinisekiso zenqanaba le-airline, uqeqesho lwe-flight simulator lubonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo, engabiziyo, kwaye igxininisekile yokwakha isakhono-kunye neeyure ezifanelekileyo zokungena xa zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo.

I-FAA-Evunyiweyo Iindidi zeSifanisi (AATD, BATD, FTD, FFS)

Xa kuziwa kuqeqesho lwe-flight simulator, ayizizo zonke ii-simulator ezifanelekileyo kwixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya. I-FAA ihlela izixhobo zoqeqesho ngokusekelwe kwindlela ezichaneka ngayo ukuphindaphinda iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya kunye neemeko zokubhabha. Okukhona isifanisi sihambele phambili, kokukhona ixesha lokubhabha lithe chatha unokuvunyelwa ukuba wenze ikhredithi kwiimfuno zakho zelayisensi.

Nantsi indlela udidi ngalunye olusebenza ngayo:

I-BATD (Isixhobo esiSiseko soQeqesho lokuPhaphazwa)

I-BATDs zizilinganisi zedesktop zomgangatho wokungena eziphindaphinda iinkqubo ezisisiseko zenqwelomoya kunye nezixhobo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwi-pilot yabucala kunye neenkqubo zokulinganisa izixhobo kwizakhono ezisisiseko-cinga ukuhamba, iinkqubo ezisisiseko ze-VFR/IFR, kunye noqeqesho loluhlu lokutshekisha.

Ngelixa ii-BATD zifikeleleka kwaye zifumaneka ngokubanzi kwizikolo zohambo ngenqwelo-moya, isibonelelo sabo sokugawulwa kwemithi silinganiselwe. Ngaphantsi Icandelo 61, ungatyala ixesha elincinci lesixhobo-kodwa hayi ixesha lokubhabha. Nangona kunjalo, zibalulekile ekusebenzeni iinkqubo ngaphandle kokutshisa amafutha.

I-AATD (IsiXhobo soQeqesho oluPhezulu lokuPhaphazwa)

Ii-AATDs zibonelela ngenyani ngakumbi kune-BATDs, kubandakanywa iipaneli zesixhobo ezandisiweyo, iinkqubo zokuhamba, kunye neendawo zokubhabha ezivunyiweyo. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziselwa uqeqesho lokuqala kunye nolwenziwa rhoqo kwi-PPL, IR, kunye neenkqubo zeCPL.

I-FAA ivumela ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2.5 zexesha le-AATD ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-40 ubuncinane ezifunekayo ILayisensi yokuLinga yaBucala, ngokukodwa uqeqesho lwezixhobo. Kwisixhobo kunye nemilinganiselo yorhwebo, ixesha elivumelekileyo landa kakhulu, okwenza i-AATD ibe enye yezona zixhobo eziguquguqukayo kwi-mid-level training flight.

I-FTD (Isixhobo soQeqesho lweNqwelomoya)

Ii-FTDs zizilinganisi ezithembekileyo eziphindaphinda imifuziselo yenqwelo-moya ethile kwaye zihlala zivaleleke ukulinganisa imekobume ye-cockpit epheleleyo. Azishukumi (njengee-sims ezishukumayo ezipheleleyo) kodwa zibonelela ngesixhobo esipheleleyo kunye nempendulo yenkqubo ebonisa eyona nqwelo-moya.

Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwindawo yorhwebo kunye nenqwelomoya, ii-FTDs zivunywe yi-FAA kuluhlu olubanzi lweekhredithi zeyure, ngakumbi phantsi. Icandelo 141 iinkqubo. Zilungele uqeqesho olusekwe kwimeko ephucukileyo, kuquka iinkqubo zikaxakeka kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo.

I-FFS (Isifanisi seFlight esipheleleyo)

Iiyunithi zeFFS zikumgangatho wegolide woqeqesho lokulinganisa. Ziquka iinkqubo ezishukumayo, i-enclosure epheleleyo, izinto ezibonakalayo eziphezulu, kunye nokuphindaphinda inkqubo epheleleyo. Ezi zisetyenziswa ziinqwelo-moya, iinkqubo zoqeqesho lwasemkhosini, kunye namaziko eenqwelomoya akwinqanaba le-ATP.

Iiseshini zeFFS zihlala zithatha indawo yexesha lokwenyani lokubhabha kwiinkqubo zokulinganisa udidi kunye nezifundo zotshintsho lwejethi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lelayisenisi kunye nenkqubo yoqeqesho, ezi yure zingabala kuyo yonke into ukusuka kubuchule besixhobo ukuya kwiimfuno ze-ATPL-ukuba zifakwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zibekwe phantsi kweliso lomhlohli.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwinqanaba ngalinye le-simulator kunokukhawulezisa kakhulu uqeqesho lwakho kunye nokunciphisa iindleko-kodwa kuphela ukuba ixesha lifakwe kwimigaqo engqongqo ye-FAA. Kwicandelo elilandelayo, siza kubonisa kanye ukuba leliphi ixesha lokulinganisa elibalelwa kwiiyure zakho zizonke, kunye nendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba iyaziwa.

Leliphi ixesha leSimulator eliBaliweyo ukuya kwiiyure zeFlayi yeFAA?

Ayilulo lonke uqeqesho lwe-flight simulator eyenziwe yalingana-kwaye ayizizo zonke ezinokungena kwilayisensi yakho ye-FAA. Ubungakanani bexesha lokulinganisa elinokunikwa imali lixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwizinto ezimbini: udidi lwesixhobo kunye nohlobo lwephepha-mvume olifunayo.

Ngaphantsi kwe-14 CFR 61.51(g) kunye neCandelo le-141 izikhokelo, i-FAA ichaza ngokuthe ngqo ukuba zingaphi iiyure onokuthi ungene kuhlobo ngalunye lwesilingisi. Nantsi isishwankathelo esenziwe lula:

• I-PPL (iLayisenisi yokuLinga yaBucala): Ungangena ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2.5 zexesha le-AATD—kodwa kuphela kuqeqesho lwezixhobo.
• Umlinganiselo wesixhobo (IR): Ungathenga ukuya kutsho kwiiyure ezingama-20 kwisilingisi esivunyiweyo esifana ne-AATD, FTD, okanye iFFS.
• I-CPL (iLayisenisi yokuLinga uRhwebo): Iiprogram ezithile zeCandelo le-141 zivumela ixesha le-simulator (AATD/FTD) ukuzalisekisa i-cross-country kunye neemfuno zesixhobo-kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zigcinwe kwiiyure ze-25-50.
• I-ATPL (iLayisenisi yokuLinga i-Airline Transport): Ungangena ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-50 zexesha le-simulator ukuya kwinxalenye yesixhobo semfuno yeeyure ezili-1,500, okoko nje yenziwe kwi-FTD efanelekileyo okanye iFFS kunye neliso elibukhali lomhlohli.

Ixesha leSim libala kuphela xa:

• Yenziwe kwisixhobo esivunyiweyo se-FAA (i-BATD, i-AATD, i-FTD, okanye i-FFS)
• Ujongwe ngumqeqeshi oqeqeshiweyo
• Ifakwe ngokufanelekileyo nangokucacileyo njengexesha lokulinganisa

kubalulekile: Iiyure zokulingisa inqwelomoya azinakutshintsha lilonke ixesha lokubhabha. Bancedisa uqeqesho kwaye bazalisekise iimfuno ezithile ezingaphantsi-ingakumbi kwisixhobo okanye imiyalelo yenkqubo.

UQeqesho lweFlight Simulator: ULogisa njani ixesha leFlight ngeNdlela elungileyo

Ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iiyure zokulinganisa ezisebenzayo yenye into—ukuzigawula ngokuchanekileyo kulapho uninzi lwabafundi luphazama khona. Nokuba usebenzisa i-logbook yephepha okanye i-app yedijithali, ixesha lokulinganisa kufuneka lifakwe ngokucacileyo, ngokuthe rhoqo, kwaye ngokwahlukileyo kwixesha lokwenyani lokubhabha.

Ungeniso lwakho lokungena kufuneka lubandakanye:

• Uhlobo lokulinganisa (umz., AATD, FTD, FFS)
• Ixesha elichanekileyo elifakiweyo (isixhobo, ilizwe elinqumlayo, okanye ngokwemeko)
• Ileyibhile ecacileyo efana "SIM" kwikholamu yemeko yokubhabha
• Igama lomqeqeshi kunye nesiginitsha (ukuba kuyafuneka)
• Nayiphi na iseshoni okanye isazisi sesixhobo ukuba sikhona

Nantsi isampuli yongeniso lwephepha:

Digital logbooks ezifana I-ForeFlight or LogTen Pro ngokwesiqhelo banemihlaba yokumakisha iseshini njenge-simulator-based. Zisebenzise. Ukudibanisa ixesha lokwenyani lokubhabha kunye nexesha le-simulator-nokuba ngengozi-kunokungafaneleki iiyure okanye iflegi yencwadi yakho yokungena ngexesha lokujonga okanye ukuqesha uphononongo.

Okokugqibela, khumbula: iiseshini zokulingisa kufuneka zibe phantsi kweliso lomhlohli ukuze ulungele ukugawulwa. I-FAA ithatha izifanisi njengeendawo zokufundisa, hayi izixhobo zokuzifundela. Ukuba uzilolonga ekhaya kwi-Microsoft Flight Simulator okanye i-X-Plane, ilungile loo nto ekufundeni-kodwa ayinakufakwa.

Zisebenza Njani Iiyure zeSilinganisi kwiSigaba ngasinye seLayisensi yokuLingwa

Izilingisi zenqwelomoya zinokukunceda ukunciphisa ixesha loqeqesho kunye neendleko-kodwa kuphela ukuba uyaliqonda ukuba lingakanani ixesha elifanele ukulogwa kwinqanaba ngalinye. I-FAA ivumela uqeqesho lwe-flight simulator ukuncedisa iimfuno ezithile, kodwa imida ingqongqo kwaye iyahluka ngokwenqanaba lesatifikethi.

Ilayisensi yokuLitha yaBucala (PPL)

Ukuba uziqeqeshela i-PPL yakho, ungathenga ngetyala ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2.5 zexesha le-flight simulator ukuya kubuncinci beyure ezingama-40, kodwa kuphela ukuba iqhutywa kwi-AATD kwaye isetyenziselwa uqeqesho lwezixhobo. Ezi yure azinakuthatha indawo yakho engundoqo ye-double okanye ixesha lokubhabha wedwa, kodwa ziluncedo kubuchule bokulola njengesixhobo sokuskena kunye nesiseko se-IFR yokuhamba-ingakumbi ukuba uziqeqeshela kwi-airspace exakekileyo okanye phantsi koxinzelelo lwexesha.

Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokuqhuba (CPL)

Inqanaba le-CPL livula igumbi elingakumbi lokusetyenziswa kwe-simulator, ngakumbi phantsi kweCandelo le-141 iinkqubo. Abafundi banokungena ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-50 zexesha elivunyiweyo le-simulator (AATD, FTD, okanye iFFS), egubungela zombini izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokuwela ilizwe. Ezi yure kufuneka zicwangciswe, zikhokelwe ngumhlohli, kwaye zingene ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi evunyelweyo ye-FAA. Abafundi becandelo lama-61 banokuba nemida eyongezelelekileyo, ke soloko uqinisekisa nomboneleli wakho woqeqesho phambi kokubala ixesha.

ILayisensi yokuLinga i-Airline Transport (ATPL)

Kwinqanaba le-ATP, ii-simulators azivunyelwe nje-zilindelwe. Uninzi lwamalungiselelo eenqwelomoya, uhlobo lokulinganisa, kunye noqeqesho oluqhubekayo luxhomekeke kakhulu kwii-FTD kunye nezixhobo zeFFS. Ngelixa ixesha lakho lilonke ukuya kwiimfuno zeyure eziyi-1,500 kufuneka ubukhulu becala ibe lixesha lokwenyani lokubhabha, ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-50 zexesha lokulinganisa linokuthi lifakwe kwisahlulo sesixhobo, ngaphandle kokuba ilotshwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ligadiwe.

Ukwazi ukulinganisa inqwelomoya yokwenyani kunye noqeqesho olufanelekileyo lokulingisa inqwelomoya kubalulekile ukuba ujonge ukuhamba kumanqaku akho ngokufanelekileyo ngelixa uhlala uthobela imimiselo ye-FAA.

Iimpazamo omele uziphephe xa uLogina kwiiyure zeSimulator

Nokuba impazamo encinci yokugawulwa kwe-simulator yexesha ingaba nemiphumo emibi-ingakumbi ukuba ivela ngexesha lokujonga okanye uphicotho lwe-FAA. Nazi ezinye zeempazamo eziqhelekileyo ezixabisa abafundi ngetyala elixabisekileyo malunga nelayisensi yabo.

Okokuqala, musa ukuloga iiseshini zesilingisi njengexesha lokwenyani lokubhabha. Yiflegi ebomvu ukuba iitotali zakho zidibanisa inqwelomoya kunye neeyure zeSIM ngaphandle kokwahlula. I-FAA idinga ixesha le-simulator ukuba imakishwe ngokucacileyo kwaye ifakwe phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ukuxuba ezi zinto zimbini—nangempazamo—kunokukhokelela ekubeni elo xesha lingafaneleki.

Enye impazamo eqhelekileyo ayikwazanga ukuchonga uhlobo lwe-simulator-AATD, FTD, okanye iFFS-kunye nomxholo woqeqesho. Ukuba ungeno lwelogi aluchazi iimeko (ezifana nokuziqhelanisa nesixhobo) okanye alunaso iliso lomhlohli, alunakubalwa kwaphela.

Kwakhona, iiseshoni ze-simulator zokungena ngaphandle komqeqeshi wendiza oqinisekisiweyo okanye umqeqeshi wesixhobo (CFI / I) okhoyo yimpazamo ebalulekileyo. Imithetho ye-FAA ifuna ukuba umqeqeshi abeke iliso kwiseshoni kwaye aqinisekise ukungena kwelogi. Ngaphandle koko, ixesha liya kuba lingenakungena-nokuba lenziwe kwisixhobo esiqinisekisiweyo.

Okokugqibela, masicacise intsomi edumileyo: I-Microsoft Flight Simulator, i-X-Plane, kunye neesim zodidi lwabathengi ezifanayo azivunywanga yi-FAA kwaye ayinakuze ifakwe kwityala. Ziluncedo ekuziqhelaniseni, kodwa ayizozixhobo zoqeqesho kwingqiqo yolawulo.

Ukufumana inzuzo epheleleyo yoqeqesho lwe-flight simulator, bhala ixesha lakho ngokuchanekileyo, landela imithetho ye-FAA kwileta, kwaye uhlale ujonge kabini ukuba isikolo sakho okanye umvavanyi ulindele ntoni.

Izibonelelo zoQeqesho lweSilinganisi seFlight Ngaphaya kweeyure eziLogable

Ngelixa uninzi lwabafundi lujolise ekubeni zingaphi iiyure ze-simulator ezinokufakwa kwilayisensi, elona xabiso lokwenyani loqeqesho lwe-flight simulator luhamba ngaphaya kwelogbook. Abona baqhubi beenqwelo-moya abagqwesileyo abasebenzisi nje izilingisi zokujonga iibhokisi—bazisebenzisela ukwakha ukuzithemba, ukucokisa ukuchaneka, nokulungiselela into engalindelekanga.

Iisimulators zikuvumela ukuba uqhube iimeko zongxamiseko zokwenyani, iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ze-IFR, kunye neenqwelomoya ezinqumla ilizwe-zonke ngaphandle koxinzelelo okanye iindleko zexesha lomoya lokwenyani. Unganqumama, ubuyisele umva, kwaye uphinde ulandelelwano de zibe yindalo yesibini. Luhlobo loqheliselo lwangabom ongenakho ukulwenza kwindawo yokusebenzela.

Umzekelo, ukulawula ukuphambukiswa kwemozulu okanye iinkqubo zokuphuma kwe-injini kwinqwelomoya yokwenyani kuyandoyisa kuninzi lwabafundi. Kwi-simulator, ezo meko zifanayo zinokuqeqeshwa ngokukhuselekileyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kunye nexabiso elincinci leendleko. Oko kuthetha ukuba iiyure ezimbalwa ezichithwe emoyeni ziphinda zifunde oko bekunokwaziwa emhlabeni.

Abafundisi beenqwelo-moya nabo basebenzisa i-simulators ukufundisa i-Cockpit Resource Management (CRM) -unxibelelwano, ukwenza izigqibo, kunye nokusabalalisa umthwalo womsebenzi kwiindawo ezininzi zabasebenzi. Olu qeqesho lwezakhono ezithambileyo luxabiseke ngakumbi kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya bexesha elizayo abalungiselela ulungelelwaniso lwabasebenzi abaninzi.

Njengoko enye i-CFI isanda kuyibeka:
“Ixesha le<em>Sim akongi nje imali—likwenza ube neentloni.

Nokuba ufakiwe okanye akunjalo, uqeqesho lwe-flight simulator lubonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo, ekrelekrele yokukhawulezisa ijika lakho lokufunda.

Ii-FAQs: UQeqesho lweSilinganisi seFlight kunye nokuLonwa kweyure yeFlight

Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokwenza uguqulo lwelayisensi yokulinga yangaphandle ngamanyathelo ama-4.