Ngaphambi kokuba ubhabhe uwedwa, fumana i-a ilayisenisi yokulinga yabucala, okanye ungene kwi-cockpit njengomqhubi wezorhwebo, kukho into enye ekufuneka ube nayo: uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA olusebenzayo. Oku akuyonto nje esesikweni—yimfuneko yomthetho nokhuseleko engqina ukuba ukulungele ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo ukusebenzisa inqwelo-moya phantsi kwemithetho yezophapho yomanyano.
E-US, i Ulawulo lwezoLawulo lwezoPhapho (i-FAA) ifuna phantse bonke abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ukuba baphumelele uvavanyo lwezonyango olwenziwa nguMhloli wezoNyango oqinisekisiweyo we-Aviation Medical Examiner (AME). Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwenqwelomoya oceba ukuyenza—yabucala, yorhwebo, okanye yenqwelo-moya—kuya kufuneka ukuba uvumeleke phantsi kwenye yeeklasi ezintathu zesatifikethi sikagqirha: eyokuqala, eyesibini, okanye eyesithathu. Ngamnye unemigangatho eyahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha okuqinisekisa, kwaye ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi oyifunayo kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba uqalise uqeqesho lokubhabha okanye ucwangcise ukukhangela.
Esi sikhokelo sichitha yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga noviwo lwezonyango lwe-FAA-ukusuka kwiimfuno ngeklasi kunye nendlela yokulungiselela, kwinto engafanelekiyo abafaki-zicelo kwaye kwenzekani xa ungaphumeleli. Ukuba uzimisele ngokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya, ukuqonda eli nyathelo akunakuxoxiswana.
Yintoni i-FAA Medical Exam?
Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA luvavanyo lwempilo olunyanzelekileyo olufunwa yiFederal Aviation Administration kuninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelomoya eUnited States. Injongo yayo ilula kodwa ibalulekile: ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphilile ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo ukuze usebenzise inqwelo-moya ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko ezilindelekileyo.
Olu viwo kufuneka lwenziwe ngu UMvavanyi wezoNyango wezoNyango oQinisekiswe yi-FAA (AME). Aba gqirha baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukuba bahlole abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho yezonyango ebekwe yi-FAA. Awunako ukundwendwela nawuphi na ugqirha oqhelekileyo ngale nto-kuphela ngu-AME onokukhupha okusebenzayo Isiqinisekiso sonyango se-FAA.
Uviwo ngokwalo lubandakanya uphononongo lwembali yakho yempilo, uviwo lomzimba, kunye nombono osisiseko kunye novavanyo lokuva. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiklasi yesatifikethi osifaka isicelo-eyokuqala, eyesibini, okanye yesithathu-imigangatho yezonyango inokwahluka ngokungqongqo, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kwi-cardiovascular, neurological, okanye iimeko zengqondo.
Nokuba uqeqeshelwa ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba yabucala okanye ujonge ukubhabhela inqwelomoya, ukuphumelela uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA linyathelo lokuqala elisemthethweni lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya e-US.
Iiklasi zeSatifikethi sezoNyango ze-FAA zicacisiwe
Kukho iiklasi ezintathu zezatifikethi zonyango ze-FAA. Nganye ihambelana nenqanaba lokubhabha oceba ukulenza, kwaye nganye ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha okusebenza. Ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise uvavanyo lwakho lwezonyango lwe-FAA, kufuneka wazi ukuba yeyiphi iklasi esebenzayo kuqeqesho lwakho okanye kwinqanaba lelayisenisi.
Isatifikethi soNyango sokuQala
Esi sesona satifikethi singqongqo kwaye siyafuneka kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abasebenza phantsi kwe- Ilayisenisi yokuLinga uThutho lweenqwelomoya (ATP).. Isebenza iinyanga ezili-12 ukuba ungaphantsi kwama-40 kunye neenyanga ezi-6 kuphela ukuba unama-40 okanye ngaphezulu. Abafaki-zicelo beklasi yokuqala kufuneka bahlangabezane nemigangatho ephezulu ye-cardiovascular and vision kunezinye iiklasi.
Isatifikethi soNyango seKlasi yesiBini
Ukuba uqeqeshelwa ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya, esi sisiqinisekiso osifunayo. Isebenza iinyanga ezili-12 nokuba mdala kangakanani na. Ngelixa ingqongqo ingaphantsi kunodidi lokuqala, isafuna impilo eyomeleleyo yomzimba kunye nokuzinza kwengqondo.
Isatifikethi soNyango seKlasi yesiThathu
Esi sisatifikethi senqanaba lokungena, esifuneka ngokuqhelekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zabucala kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelomoya. Yeyona ilula ukuyifanelekela kwaye isebenza ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezingama-60 ukuba ungaphantsi kwama-40, okanye iinyanga ezingama-24 ukuba uneminyaka engama-40 okanye ngaphezulu. Ibandakanya impilo esisiseko, umbono, kunye nemigangatho yokuva.
Udidi ngalunye lwesatifikethi lulandela inkqubo efanayo yovavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA, kodwa imigangatho iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwilayisenisi oyilandelayo.
IiMfuno ze-FAA Medical Exam
Ukuze uphumelele uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA, kufuneka uhlangabezane nemigangatho ethile yezempilo enxulumene nombono, ukuva, ukusebenza kwentliziyo, kunye nempilo yonke yomzimba kunye nengqondo. Ezi mfuno ziqinisekisa ukuba unokuyisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo inqwelomoya ngaphandle kokubeka wena okanye abanye emngciphekweni.
umbono yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo. Kufuneka ube 20/20 kude kwaye kufutshane umbono, mhlawumbi ngokwemvelo okanye ngokulungiswa (iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano). Umbono wombala kunye nokuqonda okunzulu kukwavavanywa ukuqinisekisa ukuba unokufunda izixhobo kunye nokuchonga izibane kwinqwelomoya.
Ukuva kufuneka ilunge ngokwaneleyo ukuqonda incoko eqhelekileyo ethethwayo ezinyaweni ezintandathu. Uyakuvavanyelwa imiba yebhalansi yendlebe engaphakathi okanye nayiphi na imbali yokungeva kakuhle.
Ifuthe legazi mayibe ngaphantsi kwe-155/95 ngexesha loviwo lwakho. Ngelixa amanye amayeza evunyelwe, uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalawulekiyo lunokukhokelela ekurhoxisweni.
Impilo ye-neurological and psychiatric nazo ziyavavanywa. Ukuba ukhe wahlangabezana neemeko ezifana nokudakumba, ukuxhalaba, okanye ukwenzakala entloko, kuya kufuneka unikezele ngamaxwebhu kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi noluhlu lwangoku lwamayeza lujongwa kwakhona ngokweenkcukacha. Nayiphi na imbali yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, ii-DUIs, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza angafanelekiyo kufuneka ibhengezwe ngokupheleleyo phambi kovavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA.
Ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zempilo zisisiseko kubalulekile. Ukuba kukho into ewela ngaphandle kwemida ye-FAA, usenokufaneleka ngokusebenzisa a Ukukhutshwa Okukhethekileyo—kodwa kuphela ngamaxwebhu ongezelelweyo kunye nophononongo.
IiMeko zokuNgafaneleki eziqhelekileyo
Ayinguye wonke umntu ophumelela uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA kumzamo wokuqala. Ezinye iimeko zonyango zithathwa njengomngcipheko ophezulu wokhuseleko lwenqwelomoya kwaye zinokubangela ukurhoxiswa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukukhanyelwa-ngaphandle kokuba unikwe iSigunyaziso esiKhethekileyo sokuKhupha kwi-FAA.
Omnye umthinteli ophambili ngu ukuxhuzula okungalawulekiyo or ukuphazamiseka kokuxhuzula. Ezi meko ziyingozi kumqhubi wenqwelo-moya. Nkqu nembali yokuxhuzula inokufuna iminyaka yokuzinza okubhaliweyo phambi kokuba imvume yonyango ibekho.
Iziphazamiso ezinzima zengqondo ezifana schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu olunembali yokuzibulala nazo azifaneleki. I-FAA ifuna uvavanyo olubanzi lwempilo yengqondo kuye nawuphi na umqhubi wenqwelomoya onembali yokhathalelo lwengqondo.
Isifo seswekile esixhomekeke kwi-insulin, ukuba ayilawulwa kakuhle, inokukhokelela ekungafanelekiyo. Nangona kunjalo, abaqhubi abanamaqondo eswekile yegazi kunye namaxwebhu afanelekileyo banokufaneleka ngokukhutshwa okukhethekileyo.
Abanye abathinteli babandakanya:
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi
- Umlutha osebenzayo
- Ingxaki zo mbono
ezingalungisekiyo kwimigangatho yeFAA. Ukungaphumeleli ukuxela le miqathango-ngeenjongo okanye ngengozi-kunokulibazisa umsebenzi wakho womqhubi wenqwelomoya okanye kukhokelela ekuvinjweni ngokusisigxina.
Ukwazi ezi flegi ezibomvu phambi kovavanyo lwakho lwezonyango lwe-FAA kunokukunceda ukuba ulungiselele amaphepha afanelekileyo kwaye ugweme ukusilela okungafunekiyo.
Uzilungiselela njani iiMviwo zoNyango zeFAA
Ukulungiselela kakuhle kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kokudlula nokujongana nokulibaziseka. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA alunzima kubantu abasempilweni, kodwa ukucwangciswa kuqinisekisa inkqubo egudileyo-ingakumbi ukuba unayo nayiphi na imbali yonyango onokuyichaza.
Qala ngokugqibezela i Isicelo seMedXPress kwi-intanethi. Le yifomu esemthethweni ye-FAA apho uya kufaka imbali yakho yonyango epheleleyo, kubandakanywa utyando lwangaphambili, amayeza, unyango lwempilo yengqondo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Nyaniseka kwaye ngokucokisekileyo-ukungabikho kunokubangela ukulibaziseka okanye kukhokelela kuphando lwe-FAA kamva.
Yiza nawo onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo kuviwo lwakho. Ukuba uthatha amayeza kagqirha, yiza noluhlu lwangoku oluvela kugqirha wakho. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imeko efuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele, zisa izishwankathelo zokukhutshwa okanye ileta evela kugqirha wakho echaza isimo sakho sempilo yangoku.
Kwiintsuku ezingaphambi kovavanyo lwakho, thintela utywala, ulale ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye unciphise i-caffeine ukuba unenkxalabo malunga noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Bonisa uphumle kakuhle kwaye ulungiselele ukuphendula imibuzo elandelayo evela kuMvavanyi wezoNyango lwe-Aviation (AME).
Ukuthatha la manyathelo kubonisa ukuba uzimisele ngokufaneleka kwakho ukubhabha-kwaye kuyanceda i-AME ikhuphe isatifikethi sakho ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Kwenzeka Ntoni Ngexesha Loviwo?
Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA luthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 kwaye lulandela inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo. Nje ukuba ugcwalise kwaye uthumele ifom yakho ye-MedXPress kwi-intanethi, uya kuzisa inombolo yokuqinisekisa kwidinga lakho kunye ne-FAA-certified Aviation Medical Examiner (AME).
Uviwo luqala ngophononongo lwembali yakho yezonyango, kubandakanywa amayeza, iimeko ezidlulileyo, kunye naluphi na unyango olufanelekileyo. I-AME iya kuthelekisa ungeniso lwakho lweMedXPress kwiimpendulo zakho zomlomo-ngoko ukuhambelana ngundoqo.
Okulandelayo, umvavanyi uya kujonga izinto ezibalulekileyo kuwe, kubandakanywa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye ne-pulse. Umbono kunye nokuvama kwakho kuya kuvavanywa kusetyenziswa iitshathi eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa kweaudio. Uvavanyo lomchamo luvame ukuqhutyelwa ukujonga iimpawu zesifo sikashukela, imiba yezintso, okanye iimeko ezifihliweyo-kungekhona iziyobisi.
Uya kuthi emva koko udlule kuvavanyo lomzimba olugubungela i-neurological reflexes, ulungelelwaniso, ukusebenza kwentliziyo kunye nemiphunga, kunye nenkangeleko yomzimba jikelele. Ukuba ufaka isicelo sesatifikethi sodidi lokuqala, lindela ujongo olusondeleyo kwimpilo yentliziyo kwaye mhlawumbi EKG (ingakumbi ukuba ungaphezu kwama-40).
Ekugqibeleni, i-AME iyakukhupha isatifikethi sakho kwangoko okanye ihlehlise isicelo kwi-FAA ukuze iqwalaselwe ngakumbi. Ukuba ulibazisekile, unokucelwa ukuba ungenise iirekhodi zonyango ezixhasayo okanye ubone ingcali ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isigqibo.
Yonke inkqubo yovavanyo lwezonyango ye-FAA yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuselekile ukuba ungabhabha-hayi ukungafaneleki abafaki zicelo abasempilweni. Ukulungiselela nokunyaniseka kuhamba umgama omde.
Ingaba iSiqinisekiso sezoNyango seFAA ngasinye sisebenza ixesha elingakanani?
Ukuba semthethweni kwesatifikethi sakho sonyango kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini: iklasi yesatifikethi osiphetheyo kunye neminyaka yakho ngexesha loviwo. La maxesha achaphazela ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlaziye kangaphi kwaye uphinde uthathe uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA ukuze uhlale usemthethweni kwaye ungoku njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya abancinci, izatifikethi zihlala ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, i-FAA inciphisa amaxesha asemthethweni njengoko uneminyaka yobudala ukuze uqinisekise ukomelela kwezonyango okuqhubekayo-ingakumbi kwabo babhabha ngezorhwebo okanye phantsi kwesatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelomoya (ATP).
Nalu ucazululo olukhawulezayo lokuba isatifikethi ngasinye sihlala sisebenza ixesha elingakanani:
| Iklasi yeSatifikethi | Ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 | Ubudala be40 nangaphezulu |
|---|---|---|
| Iklasi yokuqala | iinyanga 12 | iinyanga 6 |
| Iklasi yesibini | iinyanga 12 | iinyanga 12 |
| Iklasi yesithathu | iinyanga 60 | iinyanga 24 |
Ukuba isatifikethi sakho “siphelelwe lixesha,” awuphulukani nelayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba—kodwa awusenakuphinda usebenzise amalungelo abotshelelwe kolo didi lwezonyango. Umzekelo, ukuba isatifikethi sakho sodidi lokuqala siyaphelelwa, usenokusebenza phantsi kwamalungelo odidi lwesibini okanye lwesithathu ukuba isatifikethi sisasebenza kwezo ndidi.
Ukwazi ixesha lakho lokuphelelwa lixesha kukunceda ucwangcise kwangaphambili kwaye uphephe ukuphazamiseka kuqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha, ukukhangela, okanye umsebenzi.
Ungamfumana njani uMvavanyi wezoNyango we-FAA Aviation (AME)
Awukwazi ukuthatha uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA kunye naluphi na ugqirha-kufuneka lwenziwe nguMhloli wezoNyango wezoNyango ogunyazisiweyo we-FAA (AME). Ezi ngcali ziqeqeshelwe ukuvavanya abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho yezonyango ye-FAA kwaye ngabo kuphela abavunyelweyo ukukhupha iziqinisekiso zonyango ezisebenzayo ze-FAA.
Eyona ndlela ilula yokuyifumana kukusebenzisa i FAA kaThixo isixhobo locator AME esemthethweni. Unokukhangela ngekhowudi ye-zip, isixeko, okanye ilizwe ukuze ufumane abavavanyi abaneziqinisekiso kufutshane nawe.
Xa ukhetha i-AME, khangela umntu osebenza rhoqo nabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, ngakumbi ukuba unembali yonyango enzima. Abanye abavavanyi banamava ngakumbi kunye nabafaki-zicelo bexesha lokuqala, iimeko zoKhupho oluKhethekileyo, okanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kumayeza. Ukufunda uphononongo okanye ukubuza yakho isikolo senqwelomoya kuba iingcebiso zinokukunceda ukhethe ngobulumko.
Nje ukuba ukhethe i-AME, qhagamshelana nabo ngokuthe ngqo ukucwangcisa uvavanyo lwakho lwezonyango lwe-FAA kwaye ubuze ukuba ngawaphi amaxwebhu ekufuneka uze nawo. Ezinye iikliniki zikuvumela ukuba ugqibezele inxalenye yeMedXPress ngaphambi kwexesha; abanye bangakunceda kwisiza.
Ukukhetha i-AME efanelekileyo kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kokwamkelwa okukhawulezayo kunye nokulibaziseka okukhathazayo-ke thatha ixesha lakho kwaye ukhethe umntu oziqondayo iimfuno zomqhubi.
Kuthekani ukuba uyasilela uVavanyo lwezoNyango lwe-FAA?
Ukungaphumeleli kuvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA akuthethi ukuba isiphelo samaphupha akho okulinga. Kwiimeko ezininzi, isicelo esingaphumelelanga okanye esimisiweyo singasonjululwa ngamaphepha ongezelelweyo, iimvavanyo zonyango, okanye inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Special Issuance.
Ukuba i-Aviation Medical Examiner yakho (AME) ifumana into engaphandle kwemigangatho yezonyango ye-FAA-njengoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, imbali yesifo sengqondo, okanye amayeza angaxelwanga-banokuthi bahlehlise isicelo sakho kwi-FAA. Oku kuthetha ukuba ityala lakho liza kuphononongwa ngokweenkcukacha liqela le-FAA lesiqinisekiso sonyango.
Usenokucelwa ukuba ungenise iirekhodi ezongezelelweyo, ungene kuvavanyo lweengcali, okanye unike ingcaciso eneenkcukacha ngemeko yakho. Ukuba ivunyiwe, i-FAA inokukhupha isatifikethi sonyango esiKhethekileyo, esiza kunye nemida ethile okanye iimeko zokuhlaziya.
Kwezinye iimeko, unokuvinjwa ngokuthe ngqo. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, unokucela ukuqwalaselwa kwakhona, ubhene ngesigqibo, okanye ulinde ukufaka isicelo kwakhona emva kokusombulula umqathango wokungafaneleki.
Undoqo kukwenza izinto elubala. Ukuba uxela yonke into ngokunyaniseka ngexesha lovavanyo lwakho lwezonyango lwe-FAA kwaye ulandele ngawo nawaphi na amanyathelo angaphezulu aceliweyo, uya kuba nethuba elingcono lokufumana isatifikethi sakho-nokuba kuthatha ixesha elide kunokuba bekulindelwe.
Ingaba yimalini i-FAA Medical Exam?
Uviwo lwezonyango lwe-FAA alusimahla-yinkonzo yabucala ebonelelwa ngabaHloli bezoNyango beAviation (AMEs), kwaye imirhumo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo, iklasi yeemviwo, kunye nobunzima.
Kuninzi lwabafaki-zicelo, uluhlu lweendleko eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Isatifikethi soKuqala: $ 150 - $ 250
- Isatifikethi sodidi lwesibini: $ 125 - $ 200
- Isatifikethi soKudidi lweSithathu: $ 75 - $ 150
La maxabiso abandakanya uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba, iimvavanyo zombono kunye nokuva, ukuhlaziya umchamo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwesiqinisekiso sonyango-ukuba sivunyiwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uviwo lwakho lufuna uphononongo olongezelelweyo okanye iimvavanyo (ezinje nge-EKG yeklasi yokuqala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40), ixabiso linokuba phezulu.
Gcina ukhumbula, ezi mviwo azigutyungelwa yi-inshurensi, kuba zijongwa njengezokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngokuthe ngqo kwaye aziyimfuneko ngokwezonyango. Uya kuhlawula i-AME ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye amaxabiso adla ngokuthunyelwa kwiwebhusayithi yabo okanye anikezelwe xa ufowunela ukubhukisha.
Ngelixa uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA ngokwalo lufikelelekayo, kububulumko ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili-ingakumbi ukuba uqeqeshelwa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluqinileyo.
Isiphelo – Zilungiselele, Dlula ngokuzithemba
Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA sesinye sezona ziganeko zibalulekileyo zokuqala kunye nezona zibalulekileyo kuhambo lwakho lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya. Nokuba uqeqeshelwa ilayisenisi yabucala, ukubhabha ngokurhweba, okanye ujolise kwiinqwelomoya, ukuphumelela olu viwo akuxoxisi-kwaye ngokupheleleyo kulawulo lwakho ukuba ulungiselela kakuhle.
Ngokuqonda iiklasi zesatifikethi, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango, kunye nokukhetha uMvavanyi wezoNyango we-Aviation ofanelekileyo, unokukuphepha ukulibaziseka kwaye uqhubele phambili ngokuzithemba. Nokuba ujongana nemeko yokungafaneleki, kusekho iindlela zokuKhupha okuKhethekileyo kunye nophononongo lwe-FAA.
Umsebenzi wakho womqhubi wenqwelomoya uqala ngempilo yakho-kwaye uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-FAA kulapho luqala khona. Bonisa unolwazi, uzilungiselele, kwaye ukulungele ukubonisa ukuba ukulungele ukubhabha.
Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokudluliselwa kwezikolo ngenqwelomoya.
