Uma uhlela ukuba khona isikole sendiza e-US njengomfundi wamazwe ngamazwe, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza: ingabe ngidinga ukuthatha i-TOEFL ukuze ngiqeqeshelwe umshayeli e-USA? Impendulo emfushane ithi-kuya ngokuthi. Nakuba ulwazi lwesiNgisi luyisibopho, i TOEFL ayidingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi isikole noma yi-FAA.
Izikhungo eziningi zezindiza ezigunyazwe yi-FAA zamukela ezinye izindlela zokuqinisekisa isiNgisi noma ziqhube ezazo izivivinyo zolimi. Abanye bangacela kuphela amaphuzu e-TOEFL uma ubhalisa ohlelweni lwezindiza olunikeza iziqu noma ufaka isicelo se-visa yabafundi ngesikole esixhumene nekolishi.
Lo mhlahlandlela uzokuqondisa kukho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-TOEFL ukuze uthole ukuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA—okuhlanganisa nokuthi ubani okudingayo, yimaphi amaphuzu adingekayo (uma ekhona), yiziphi izikole eziwayekayo, kanye nendlela yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokufaneleka kolimi ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okungadingekile.
Kungani Ubuchule BesiNgisi Bubalulekile Ekuqeqeshweni Komshayeli Wendiza e-USA
IsiNgisi siwulimi lwamazwe ngamazwe lwezokundiza. Lokho akuyona nje indinganiso yomhlaba wonke—futhi kuyisidingo se-FAA. Uma ulandela eyakho ilayisense yokushayela e-US, uzodinga ukukhombisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukufunda, ukukhuluma, nokuqonda isiNgisi ngokwanele ukuze ukhulume ngokucacile ekuqeqesheni nasekundizeni.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhuluma I-Air Traffic Control (ATC), ukuhumusha imibiko yesimo sezulu, ukufunda izinhlu zokuhlola, noma ukuphendula imiyalelo ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka okukhulu. Ngisho eyakho Izivivinyo ezibhaliwe ze-FAA, izivivinyo zomlomo, kanye nokuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ngesiNgisi ngokuphelele.
Kodwa nazi izindaba ezinhle: nakuba i-FAA igunyaza ukwazi isiNgisi, ayikugunyazi ukuhlolwa okukhethekile njenge-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA. Leso sinqumo ngokuvamile sishiyelwa ezikoleni zendiza ngayinye noma izinqubo zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, okuyilapho kuqala khona ukudideka.
Ubani Odinga i-TOEFL Yokuqeqeshwa Kwezindiza e-USA?
Akuwona wonke umfundi odinga ukuthatha i-TOEFL ukuze aqeqeshelwe umshayeli wendiza e-USA. Eqinisweni, izikhungo zezindiza eziningi ezizimele ezigunyazwe yi-FAA zenza hhayi bayayidinga ukuze ibhaliswe—ikakhulukazi uma benza okwabo ukuhlola kwangaphakathi kwesiNgisi.
Nokho, kukhona okuhlukile. Uma ubhalisa ohlelweni lwezindiza olusekelwe enyuvesi (njengalolo olunikeza iziqu ze-bachelor ku-aviation noma isayensi ye-aeronautical), isikole ngokuvamile sizodinga isikolo se-TOEFL njengengxenye yenqubo yokwamukelwa kwezemfundo. Lokhu kusebenza noma ngabe uhlela kuphela ukuqeqesha njengomshayeli wendiza ozimele noma wezohwebo.
Ukwengeza, amanye amanxusa ase-US angase acele i-TOEFL noma izikolo ezifanayo zokuhlolwa zesiNgisi (njenge IELTS) phakathi nenqubo yokufaka isicelo sakho se-visa, ikakhulukazi F-1 abafake izicelo ze-visa. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu emazweni lapho isiNgisi singelona ulimi lukazwelonke noma lwesibili.
Ngakho-ke ngenkathi i-FAA ngokwayo ingeke ikucele i-TOEFL, isikole sakho sendiza noma isikhulu se-visa singase. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi usheshe uhlole futhi uqonde ukuthi iyiphi indlela oyilandelayo.
Lapho I-TOEFL Idingeka Ekuqeqesheni Abashayeli Bezindiza e-USA
Nakuba i-TOEFL ingeyona imfuneko yokulala kubo bonke abafundi bezindiza, kunezimo ezithile lapho kudingekile khona. Uma ungena e-US ngohlelo lwe-visa ye-F-1 eboshelwe esikhungweni semfundo—njengenyuvesi ehlinzeka ngeziqu zezindiza—khona-ke i-TOEFL (noma ukuhlolwa okulingana ne-IELTS) kuvame ukudingeka ukuze wamukelwe.
I-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA nayo ivame ukucelwa uma uvela ezweni elingakhulumi isiNgisi futhi imfundo yakho yangaphambilini ayizange yenziwe ngesiNgisi. Kulezi zimo, isikole noma isikhulu senxusa singacela ubufakazi bokuthi ungasiqonda futhi usisebenzise isiNgisi esimweni sezemfundo noma sobungcweti.
Ukwengeza, ezinye izikole zendiza ezizimele zisengacela izikolo ze-TOEFL kuye ngesizinda sakho—ngisho noma zingakudingi kubo bonke abafundi. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu lapho umfundi engenakho ukuchayeka okubhaliwe ezindaweni abakhuluma isiNgisi futhi angase adinge ukusekelwa okwengeziwe ukuze aphumelele izivivinyo ze-FAA noma axhumane ngokuphephile phakathi nokuqeqeshwa kwendiza.
Izindiza Izikole vs. Amanyuvesi Ezokushayela Ngezindiza: Izinqubomgomo ze-TOEFL Ziqhathaniswa
Esinye sezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zithathwe abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe ukukhetha phakathi kwesikhungo sezindiza esizinikele kanye nohlelo lwezindiza oluzinze enyuvesi. Ngamunye ulindele okuhlukile uma kuziwa ebufakazini bolimi lwesiNgisi—futhi ukuqonda lo mehluko kungakongela isikhathi, imali, kanye namaphepha.
Izikole eziningi zendiza ezizimele ezifana ne I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy awudingi i-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli e-USA. Esikhundleni salokho, bavame ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwesiNgisi, banikeze izingxoxo ezingokoqobo nge-Zoom, noma bahlole amakhono akho okukhuluma ngesikhathi sokuzijwayeza. Lezi zikole zigxile ekutholeni amalayisense e-FAA, hhayi amadigri ezemfundo—ngakho izinqubo zazo zokwamukelwa zivumelana nezimo.
Ngokuphambene, amanyuvesi ezindiza afana ne-Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, i-Purdue University, kanye ne-University of North Dakota cishe ahlala edinga izikolo ze-TOEFL noma ze-IELTS. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zikhungo ziklomelisa amadigri ngokuhambisana nokuqeqeshwa kwendiza, kufanele zithobele izindinganiso ezibanzi zokwamukelwa ezihlanganisa nobufakazi bolwazi lwesiNgisi lwabo bonke abantu abangebona abomdabu.
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yimuphi umzila okufanele uwuthathe, vakashela ikhasi lesikole sakho sokwamukelwa bese uthintana nehhovisi lamazwe ngamazwe ngokuqondile. Ukwazi kusengaphambili inqubomgomo yabo ye-TOEFL kungavimbela ukubambezeleka kwezicelo noma izinkinga ze-visa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ohlelweni.
Ezinye izindlela ze-TOEFL Zokuqeqeshwa Kwezindiza e-USA
Ngisho noma ungazethembi ngokudlula i-TOEFL—noma ungafuni ukuyithatha—usenezindlela eziningi zokuhlangabezana nezidingo zolwazi lwesiNgisi ezikoleni zezindiza zase-US. Izikole eziningi zamukela ezinye izindlela ezisheshayo, ezifinyeleleka kalula, futhi ezifanele kangcono ukuqeqeshwa okuqondene nokundiza.
Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu esikhundleni se-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA ukuhlolwa kwesiNgisi kwangaphakathi noma inhlolokhono yesikole esekwe ku-Zoom. Izikole ezinjengeFlorida Flyers, CAE, nezinye njalo zihlola abafundi ukuze bathole ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokulalela, ukufunda, nekhono lokukhuluma ngaphambi kokubhalisa. Uma ukwazi ukuxhumana ngokucacile phakathi nale nqubo, ngokuvamile ukulungele ukuhamba.
Uma uqedele imfundo yangaphambilini ngesiNgisi, njengokuya esikoleni esiphakeme noma ekolishi ezweni elikhuluma isiNgisi (noma ohlelweni lwamazwe ngamazwe), izikole eziningi zizoyeka i-TOEFL ngokuphelele ngobufakazi bemibhalo ebhaliwe.
Enye inketho eyaziwayo i-ICAO English Level 4 noma isitifiketi esiphezulu—okujwayelekile phakathi kwezinhlelo zezindiza ezentengiselwano emhlabeni wonke. Ezinye izikole nazo zamukela ukuhlolwa kwe-Aviation English, okuhlola i-phraseology yomsakazo wakho, ulwazimagama lobuchwepheshe, nokuqonda kwengxoxo kuzimo ezihlobene nokundiza.
Futhi ekugcineni, ezinye izikole seziqala ukwamukela i-Duolingo English Test, ikakhulukazi ukuhlola okukude noma okunezindleko eziphansi. Yize ingakamukelwa emhlabeni wonke okwamanje, kufanelekile ukubuza ngayo—ikakhulukazi uma ufaka isicelo esikoleni esithuthukayo noma esifundisa phambili.
Izidingo ze-TOEFL ze-M-1 vs. F-1 Visa Abafakizicelo
Ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi i-visa oyicelayo kubalulekile—ngoba kungase kunqume ukuthi uyayidinga i-TOEFL noma cha.
Uma ubhalisa esikoleni sezindiza zezandla, njengeFlorida Flyers, futhi ufaka isicelo I-visa ye-M-1, i-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli e-USA ngokuvamile ayidingeki. Lezi zinhlelo zigxile kuphela kumalayisensi e-FAA futhi zilawulwa ngaphansi kwamazinga emfundo. Izikole eziningi zizohlola isiNgisi sakho ngenqubo yangaphakathi bese zikhipha i-I-20 ye-M-1 ngokufanele.
Ngokuphambene, uma uhlela ukufunda enyuvesi noma ekolishi elinikeza iziqu zezindiza, cishe uzodinga i-visa ye-F-1. Kulokhu, i-TOEFL (noma i-IELTS) ngokuvamile iyimpoqo njengengxenye yezidingo zesikhungo zokungena ezifundweni. Ukwamukela kwakho-ngakho-ke i-visa yakho-kuncike kukho.
Bese ukhumbula: Imvume yokuphepha ye-TSA kuyisinyathelo esihlukile ngokuphelele. Kudingeka kunoma yikuphi ukuqeqeshwa kwesakhamuzi okungezona ezase-US ngendiza noma izifanisi e-US, kodwa akuhloli amakhono olimi lwesiNgisi—kuvele kuqinisekise ukuthobela imithetho yezokuphepha yezwe laseMelika.
Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwemizila ye-visa ye-M-1 kanye ne-F-1 kuzokusiza ukhethe isikole esifana nezinga lolimi lwakho kanye nemigomo yakho yomsebenzi womshayeli.
Ubuncane bezikolo ze-TOEFL Zokuqeqeshwa Kokundiza E-USA (Uma Kudingeka)
Uma ufaka isicelo sohlelo lwezindiza olusekelwe enyuvesi oludinga i-TOEFL ukuze uthole ukuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA, uzodinga ukwazi amabhentshimakhi wesikolo. Ngenkathi isikole ngasinye sibeka owaso umkhawulo, amakolishi amaningi ezindiza e-US acela a Isikolo se-TOEFL iBT phakathi kuka-60 no-90.
Ezinye izikole ezincintisana kakhulu-njenge-Embry-Riddle noma i-Purdue-zingase zicele amaphuzu asondele ku-79-90, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zeziqu ze-aviation degree. Abanye bangase bamukele amaphuzu aphansi uma uqeda ukuqeqeshwa kolimi olwengeziwe noma ungena ngokuvunyelwa okunemibandela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izikhungo zezindiza, azivamile ukushicilela isikolo esincane se-TOEFL—ngoba ngokuvamile azisidingi nhlobo. Uma becela ubufakazi bekhono lesiNgisi, ngokuvamile lusingathwa ngengxoxo emfushane noma ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kunokuhlola okujwayelekile.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-TOEFL iyadingeka noma cha, ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwakho isiNgisi kuyakhokha. Abafundi abanamakhono esiNgisi aqinile ngokuvamile bahamba ngokushesha ekuqeqeshweni kwabo, bagweme ukungaqondi kahle okubiza kakhulu nabafundisi noma i-ATC, futhi benza kangcono kukho kokubili izivivinyo ezibhaliwe kanye nokuhlola.
I-TOEFL Yokuqeqeshwa Kokundiza E-USA: Amazwe Avame Ukukhululwa
Uma uvela ezweni lapho isiNgisi siwulimi oluyinhloko noma olusemthethweni lokufundisa, ungase ukhululwe ngokuzenzekelayo ekuthatheni i-TOEFL ekuqeqesheni umshayeli e-USA—ngisho noma isiNgisi kungelona ulimi lwendabuko lwezwe lakini.
Izikole eziningi zezindiza kanye namanye amanyuvesi ayeka izidingo ze-TOEFL kubafakizicelo abavela:
- India
- Nigeria
- Kenya
- Ghana
- Philippines
- Pakistan
Lokhu kukhululwa ngokuvamile kunikezwa uma uqedele imfundo yakho yesibili noma idigri yasekolishi ngesiNgisi futhi ungakunikeza imibhalo noma imibhalo ukufakazela lokho. Ezinye izikole zingase futhi zicele inhlolokhono emfushane noma ukuhlolwa kwesiNgisi njengesinyathelo sokugcina, ukuze nje kuqinisekiswe ukushelela.
Njalo hlola kabili ngomnyango wokwamukelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe wesikole sakho osikhethile ngaphambi kokuthi ucabange ukuthi awukhululwa. Ukuyekwa kwe-TOEFL kuvamile—kodwa akuzenzeki—futhi imibhalo engekho ingase ibambezele i-visa yakho noma inqubo yokubhalisa.
Ungasithuthukisa Kanjani IsiNgisi Sakho Sezindiza Ngaphandle Kokuthatha I-TOEFL
Ngisho noma ungathathi i-TOEFL ekuqeqesheni umshayeli e-USA, ukuthuthukisa isiNgisi sakho sezindiza kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwakho, ukuzethemba, nokuphepha. Ngenhlanhla, awudingi ikilasi elisemthethweni noma isifundo sokulungiselela ukuhlolwa ukuze wakhe amakhono abaluleke kakhulu endaweni yabashayeli.
Qala nge-LiveATC.net noma amavidiyo we-YouTube anezingxoxo zangempela zokulawula isiminyaminya sezindiza. Ukulalela bukhoma i-ATC kukunikeza ukuchayeka kokuthi abashayeli bezindiza nabalawuli bakhuluma kanjani, ukushuba kweziyalezo, kanye ne-phraseology evamile esetshenziswa ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi sangempela.
Okulandelayo, landa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-phraseology yendiza noma amathuluzi e-flashcard afundisa ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kwe-ICAO noma i-FAA. Lokhu kukusiza ukuba ubambe ngekhanda izimpendulo, uthuthukise indlela yokuphimisela, futhi unciphise ukungabaza emoyeni.
Ungaphinda ujoyine amakilasi esiNgisi okundiza ku-inthanethi noma imiphakathi yokulingisa, lapho abafundi bezilolongela i-phraseology nezingcingo zabaseshi endaweni yokuqeqeshwa ebonakalayo. Ukukhuluma uphimisele—ngisho nokuzilolongela uwedwa—kuthuthukisa ukushelela kunokufunda nje.
Futhi ungawabukeli phansi amandla okufunda uphimisele. Zijwayeze namadokhumenti e-FAA, amashadi ezigaba, noma izinhlu zokuhlola. Uma ujwayelene kakhulu nolimi oluqondene nomshayeli, ukuqeqeshwa kwakho kuzoba bushelelezi—i-TOEFL noma cha.
Isiphetho
I-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA ngokuvamile ibangela ukudideka okungadingekile—kodwa empeleni, ayisona isithiyo sabaningi abasafuna ukundiza. Ngaphandle kwalapho ubhalisa enyuvesi yezokundiza esekelwe kuziqu, maningi amathuba okuthi uqeqeshe e-US flight academy ngaphandle kokuhambisa izikolo ze-TOEFL nhlobo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ikhono lakho lokukhuluma, ukuqonda, kanye nokulandela imiyalelo ngesiNgisi—amakhono angathuthukiswa ngokuchayeka emhlabeni wangempela, hhayi ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kuphela. Ngesikole esifanele, amathuluzi, nokusekelwa, ngisho nabafundi abavela ezizindeni ezingakhulumi isiNgisi bangaphumelela ezinhlelweni zokuqeqeshwa eziqinisekiswe yi-FAA.
I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy kwenza kube lula. Ngokuvuma okuvumelana nezimo, ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwesiNgisi, nokusekelwa okugcwele kwabafundi be-visa ye-M-1, ungakwazi ukudlula i-TOEFL futhi uqonde ngqo ekuqeqesheni indiza—akukho ukubambezeleka, akukho migoqo eyengeziwe.
I-FAQ: I-TOEFL Yokuqeqeshwa Komshayeli Wezindiza e-USA
Ingabe i-TOEFL iyisibopho kuzo zonke izikole zezindiza e-USA?
Cha. I-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA ayidingeki izikole zendiza ezizimele ezigunyazwe yi-FAA. Kuyimpoqo kuphela kumanyuvesi ezokundiza noma izinhlelo zeziqu eziboshelwe kuma-visa e-F-1.
Ngingathatha isivivinyo sesiNgisi esihlukile esikhundleni se-TOEFL ukuze ngiqeqeshelwe umshayeli wendiza e-USA?
Yebo. Izikole eziningi zamukela ezinye izindlela ze-TOEFL zokuqeqeshwa komshayeli e-USA, okuhlanganisa i-Duolingo English Test, i-IELTS, noma ukuhlola kwangaphakathi kolimi okusekelwe esikoleni. Njalo hlola nethimba labamukelwayo.
Imaphi amaphuzu e-TOEFL engiwadingayo ukuze ngiqeqeshelwe umshayeli wendiza e-US?
Uma inqubo yesikole noma ye-visa idinga i-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli e-USA, ibanga elijwayelekile lamaphuzu e-iBT ngu-60–90, kuye ngesikhungo. Izikole zendiza ezicela i-TOEFL ngokuvamile zamukela isiphetho esiphansi salolo bubanzi.
Ingabe abafundi be-visa ye-M-1 badinga i-TOEFL ukuze baqeqeshelwe umshayeli e-USA?
Ngokuvamile, cha. Izikhungo eziningi zemisebenzi yezandla ezikhipha ama-visa e-M-1 aziyidingi i-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli e-USA. Kunalokho, bangasebenzisa inhlolokhono elula noma inqubo yokuhlola isiNgisi yangaphakathi.
Ngingakwazi ukuqala ukuqeqeshwa komshayeli e-US ngenkathi ngifunda isiNgisi, ngaphandle kwe-TOEFL?
Yebo, ikakhulukazi ezikoleni ezihlinzeka ngosekelo lwe-ESL oluqondene nokundiza. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangaphandle kwe-TOEFL yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza e-USA, kufanele uhlangabezane nezindinganiso zobuchule ze-FAA English ngaphambi kokuhamba ngezindiza uwedwa noma ukushayela.
Xhumana nethimba le-Florida Flyers Flight Academy namuhla ku (904) 209-3510 ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokwenza ukuguqulwa kwelayisensi yokushayela yangaphandle ngezinyathelo ezi-4.
