Indlela Yokulungiselela Ukuhlolwa Kwesilinganiso Sezinsimbi

Ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi okuhlulekile akuyona ngempela ukuqala kabusha okugcwele: ukuhlolwa kabusha kukhawulelwe ezindaweni ongazange uziphumelele, futhi kufanele uthole ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe komfundisi kulezo zindawo ngaphambi kokuzama futhi. Uhlelo oluhlelekile lokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi luqala ngokuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwakho, ukuvumela, namarekhodi, bese uphinda imisebenzi yomlomo neyendiza ngokumelene ne-FAA Instrument Rating Airplane ACS, FAA-S-ACS-8C. Ukulungela kusho okungaphezu kokwazi izinqubo; imibhalo yakho kanye nokusebenza kwakho kokubili kubalulekile.

Kunengqondo ukugxila ezindleleni nasemakhonweni ezinsimbi, kodwa izikhala zokufaneleka noma zamaphepha zingaphazamisa uhambo lokuhlola ngaphambi kokuba indiza iqale. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza indlela yokulungiselela uhambo lokuhlola izinga lezinsimbi, okuhlanganisa ulwazi oludingekayo, amadokhumenti esicelo, ukuvunyelwa komfundisi, izivivinyo zomlomo ezihlekisayo, izifinyezo zendiza, izinqubo zendlela, kanye nezihloko zokuqeqesha eziyinhloko. Uzofunda nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ungadluli endaweni ethile, ukuze ukwazi ukulungiselela ngendlela efanele futhi uqonde ukuthi yini elandelayo.

1. Amadokhumenti okuhlola kanye nokuqinisekiswa

Hlela amadokhumenti esicelo sakho ngaphambi kokuhlela isivivinyo esisebenzayo sokulinganisa izinsimbi. Amaphepha angekho angahlehlisa ukuhlolwa, noma ngabe ukulungiselela kwakho indiza sekuqediwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi izincomo zomfundisi wakho zivela encwadini yakho yokubhalisa futhi zibonisa ukuqeqeshwa okutholile. Bese uhlanganisa izitifiketi ezidingekayo, irekhodi lokuhlola, ukuhlonza, kanye nesicelo. Idokhumenti ngayinye inenhloso ehlukile, ngakho-ke incwadi yokubhalisa ephelele ayithathi indawo yefayela eligcwele.

Ngokusho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, umqeqeshi wakho kumele avume ukuthi uthole futhi wabhalisa ukuqeqeshwa kokulungiselela uhambo lokuhlola zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kwenyanga yokufaka isicelo. Lokhu kuhlola isikhathi senyanga kubalulekile: ungacabangi ukuthi ukubalwa nje kwezinsuku kunikeza umphumela ofanayo. Cela umqeqeshi wakho ukuthi abukeze ukufakwa kokuvuma kanye nesikhathi sesicelo ndawonye ngaphambi kokuthumela. Ukuvuma kufanele kubhale phansi ukulungiselela okudingekayo, hhayi nje ukukhombisa ukuthi uxoxe ngohambo lokuhlola.

Sebenzisa le dokhumenti ukuhlela ifolda yakho ye-checkride:

• Isitifiketi somshayeli: Letha isitifiketi esisekela isicelo sakho sokulinganisa izinsimbi.
• Isitifiketi sezokwelapha: Faka isitifiketi sakho samanje sokuhlolwa okusebenzayo.
• I-logbook: Letha irekhodi lokuqeqeshwa kanye nolwazi oluqinisekiswe ngumfundisi.
• Umbiko wokuhlolwa kolwazi: Faka umbiko wokuhlolwa obhaliwe ukuze umhloli akwazi ukubuyekeza umphumela kanye nanoma yiziphi izindawo zolwazi ezingatholakali.
• Ukuhlonza isithombe: Phatha isazisi esiqinisekisa ubuwena bakho.
• Isicelo: Gcwalisa isitifiketi somgibeli wendiza noma isicelo sokulinganisa, iFomu le-FAA 8710-1.

Buyekeza izikhala zolwazi nokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ngomlomo. Sebenzisa isihloko ngasinye esingaphendulwanga ukuchaza umqondo ofanele, ukubaluleka kwaso kokusebenza, nokuthi sithinta kanjani isinqumo se-IFR. Isibonelo, uma umbuzo ongaphendulwanga uhilela ukuchazwa kwesimo sezulu, prakthiza ukuchaza ukuthi ulwazi lushintsha kanjani ukuhlela kwakho indiza. Letha umbiko wokuhlolwa, kodwa lungela ukuxoxa ngolwazi oluyisisekelo kunokuthembela ezimpendulweni ezigcinwe ngekhanda.

Ukugunyazwa kwe-logbook yakho kufanele kubonise ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokulungela kuzo zonke izindawo ezidingekayo zokulinganisa izinsimbi. Buyekeza okufakiwe kokulungiselela nezinqubo zangaphambi kokundiza, ukuvunyelwa kwe-ATC nezinqubo, ukundiza kwezinsimbi, izinhlelo zokuzulazula, izindlela, imisebenzi ephuthumayo, kanye nezinqubo zangemuva kokundiza. Umqeqeshi wakho kufanele akwazi ukuxhuma lokho okufakiwe nokusebenza kwakho okubonisiwe. Okufakiwe okungekho noma okungacacile kungaphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ukuqedile yini ukulungiselela okudingekayo.

Sebenzisa indinganiso ye-FAA ukuqondisa ukubuyekezwa kwakho kokugcina kwedokhumenti. Ngokusho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kuhlolwa kuqhathaniswa ne-FAA Instrument Rating Airplane ACS, eqanjwe ngokuthi yi-FAA-S-ACS-8C, uhlelo 8C. Qondanisa ubufakazi bakho bokulungiselela kanye ne-logbook nemisebenzi yayo ehlolwe. Uma indawo idinga ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe, khuluma nomfundisi wakho ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo. Indawo engaphumelelanga idinga ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kanye nokuvunyelwa komfundisi omusha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kabusha.

2. Ukuhlolwa ngomlomo okungekuhle kanye nokwaziswa ngendiza

Ukuhlolwa komlomo kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi kuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwendiza, ukulungiselela izwe lonke, kanye nokuthola ulwazi lwesimo sezulu. Lungela ukuchaza ukuthi lezi zifundo zakha kanjani indiza ye-IFR, okuhlanganisa izinketho zakho zokuhlela kanye nokusabela ezimweni ezishintshayo. Umhloli uhlola ukuqonda kwakho, hhayi nje ikhono lakho lokusho amagama. Xhuma impendulo ngayinye esinqumweni esisebenzayo, njengokuthi isimo sezulu siyawusekela yini umzila wakho ohleliwe.

Ukuze ulungiselele ukuhlolwa ngomlomo kanye nokuhlolwa kwendiza, yenza okungenani izivivinyo ezimbili zomlomo eziphelele nomqeqeshi wendiza. Sebenzisa eyokuqala ukuhlonza izindawo ezibuthakathaka, bese ufunda lezo zihloko ngaphambi kweseshini elandelayo. Phakathi namasonto amabili ngaphambi kohambo lwakho lokuhlola, chaza yonke indiza njengokungathi umhloli womshayeli oqokiwe ubukele. Lo mkhuba usiza ekwenzeni ukuhlela kwakho, izincazelo, kanye nezinqumo ze-cockpit zihambisane.

Hlela inkulumo ngayinye ngendlela engokoqobo yokuwela izwe. Qala ngomzila, ukusebenza kwendiza, kanye nolwazi lwesimo sezulu obungalusebenzisa. Chaza ukuthi into ngayinye ithinta kanjani uhlelo lwakho, bese uphendula lapho umfundisi wakho eshintsha imininingwane, njengesibikezelo noma isimo sendiza. Lokhu kuhlola ikhono lakho lokusebenzisa ulwazi kunokuphinda amaqiniso ahlukene.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-mock check kanye nokuhlolwa kwesiteji kwengeza isibuyekezo sokusebenza ekuzijwayezeni ngomlomo. Cela umfundisi wakho ukuba alingise ukulandelana komhloli: xoxa ngohlelo, ubuze imibuzo yokulandelela, futhi ahlole ukuthi uchaza kanjani ngokucacile izinketho zakho. Umqeqeshi wendiza angenza ukuhlolwa kwe-mock check ngaphambi kokukuvumela ukuthi uvivinywe ngokusebenzayo. Phatha noma yisiphi igebe njengomgomo wokuqeqesha, hhayi njengesizathu sokubamba ngekhanda impendulo elungiselelwe.

Sebenzisa umhlangano ngamunye wendiza ukuze uzilolonge ukugeleza okucacile nokuphindaphindekayo:

• Yisho inhloso: Khomba umzila, umsebenzi wethuluzi, noma isinqumo indiza ezosisebenzisa.
• Chaza uhlelo: Chaza isimo sezulu, ukusebenza kwezindiza, ukuzulazula, kanye nezinqubo ze-ATC ezilindelwe.
• Khomba amaphuzu okwenza izinqumo: Chaza ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezingashintsha uhlelo noma ezizodinga isinyathelo esihlukile.
• Chaza kahle: Qhathanisa indlela ehleliwe nalokho okwenzekile, bese ubhala phansi izinto ezithile zokuzijwayeza.

Gcina imihlangano imatasa phakathi nesikhathi sokulungiselela amasonto amabili. Ngaphambi kohambo ngalunye, chaza ukuthi ulindele ukwenzani nokuthi kungani. Ngemva kwalokho, khomba ukuthi ukwenziwa kwakho kuhluke kuphi. Isibonelo, uma isimo sezulu sishintsha indlela ohlele ngayo, sho izinto ezintsha okufanele uzicabangele ngokuzwakalayo. Lokhu kwakha ukuxhumana okuhlelekile kanye namakhono akho omculo.

Sebenzisa ukuhlola kwesigaba ukuhlola ukuthi ukulungiselela kwakho kuyasebenza yini ngaphansi kwemibuzo kanye nomsebenzi. Cela umfundisi ashintshe isimo esikhundleni sokulandela umbhalo ogcinwe ngekhanda. ukuqeqeshwa kwendiza yensimbi, xhumanisa iseshini ngayinye yokuzijwayeza nomgomo ochaziwe womlomo noma wendiza.

3. Izinqubo zokusebenzisa ithuluzi

Umsebenzi wokusondela uhlola okungaphezu kwamandla akho okulandela inkambo. Umhloli ubheka ukuhlela kwakho, ukulawula izinsimbi, ukuxhumana, kanye nokuphendula emiyalweni eshintshayo. Isigaba sokundiza sihlanganisa izindlela ezimbili zokungacaci kanye nendlela eyodwa yokucacisa. Indlela eyodwa yokungacaci kumele indiza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsimbi zokuqala zokundiza. Lungela ukuchaza umehluko phakathi kwezinqubo nokuthi uzophatha kanjani indiza kuyo yonke.

Prakthiza okungenani izindlela ezimbili ezahlukene zokungaqondile kanye nendlela yokunemba. Faka indlela ye-ILS yokulinganisa okuncane ekulungiseleleni kwakho indiza. Indlela yokujikeleza ingafakwa futhi uma kufanele. Uma indiza ine-autopilot, lindela ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela yokungaqondile nangezinye izikhathi lapho isiza ukuphathwa kwezindiza. Yazi ukuthi ungaqapha kanjani ukuzenzekela, uqaphele imodi engalindelekile, futhi uthathe ukulawula lapho kudingeka.

Gcina izifinyezo zendlela zimfushane, ziphelele, futhi zixhumene neshadi lesikhumulo sezindiza esikhethiwe. Ngaphambi kwendlela ngayinye, khomba inqubo, umthombo wokuzulazula, ukuphakama okufanele, imiyalelo yendlela engafanele, kanye nezimo ezingashintsha uhlelo lwakho. Fushanisa ukulandelana ukuze usekele ukucushwa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokulawulwa kwendiza okuzinzile. Uma i-ATC ishintsha indlela noma inika isikhathi sokuyibamba, misa isikhashana bese ubuyekeza uhlelo lwakho kunokuqhubeka nokucabanga okudala.

Sebenzisa indlela ngayinye yokuzijwayeza ukuze uzilolonge ngokulandelana okufanayo:

• Ngaphambi kwendlela: Buyekeza ishadi, thola umthombo wokuzulazula, bese ufingqa indlela elahlekile.
• Ngesikhathi sokusetha: Qinisekisa inqubo enikeziwe bese ulungisa indiza ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuqaphela kwezinsimbi.
• Ngendlela: Landelela isiqondiso esidingekayo futhi ulawule ngenkathi uphendula ku-ATC.
• Ngemva kokufinyelela okungenani: Yenza isinqumo sokufika esifanele noma indlela engafanele yokufika ngokusekelwe enkambisweni kanye nemibandela.

Ukubamba imisebenzi kudinga indlela efanayo. Funda indawo evulekile ngokunembile, thola indawo elungisiwe kanye nokuphakama okubekiwe, bese unquma indawo yokungena kanye nenkambo. Prakthiza ukuchaza uhlelo lwakho ngaphambi kokufinyelela indawo evulekile. Uma umhloli eshintsha umyalelo, phinda indawo evulekile ebuyekeziwe bese ulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokuzulazula. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphatha indawo evulekile kunokuba umane uphinda iphethini esetshenzisiwe.

Ngemva kwendlela ngayinye, xoxa ngezinqumo zakho, hhayi umphumela nje kuphela. Qaphela ukuthi ukwaziswa kusize kuphi, lapho umthwalo womsebenzi wanda khona, nokuthi ngabe ukuzenzekela kusekela noma kuphazamisekile yini ekuphathweni kwezindiza. Isibonelo, uma ushintsho lwemodi yokushayela indiza ludinga ukunakwa, chaza ukuthi ukuqaphele kanjani futhi walondoloza kanjani ukulawula. Phinda le ndlela usebenzisa ishadi elihlukile noma isikhumulo sezindiza ukuze wakhe imikhuba eguquguqukayo esikhundleni sokuthembela emzileni owodwa owukhumbule ngekhanda.

4. Ukubukeza ukuqeqeshwa kwesikole samabanga aphansi kanye nendiza

Xhuma ulwazi lwesikole samabanga aphansi nezinqumo ozozenza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okusebenzayo. Buyekeza ukuhumusha kwesimo sezulu se-IFR, ukuhlela indiza, izinhlelo zezindiza, ukuzulazula, kanye nezinqubo zethuluzi njengemisebenzi ehlobene. Isibonelo, chaza ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuthinta kanjani umzila wakho ohleliwe, izindlela ezitholakalayo, kanye nesinqumo sokuqhubeka. Gxila ekuchazeni isizathu ngemuva kwesenzo ngasinye, hhayi nje ukusho inqubo oyikhumbule ngekhanda.

Ngaphansi kwe-FAR 61.65, umuntu ofaka isicelo sokulinganisa izinsimbi nezindiza kumele aqede okungenani amahora ayi-15 okuqeqeshwa kwezindiza zezinsimbi kusuka kumqeqeshi wezindiza oqinisekisiwe ukufundisa isilinganiso sezinsimbi, ngokusho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration. I-Federal Aviation Administration idinga futhi amahora amathathu okuqeqeshwa kwezinsimbi endizeni efanele ene-CFI-I phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili zekhalenda ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okusebenzayo. Hlela lokhu kuqeqeshwa kwezindiza kwakamuva mayelana nemisebenzi edinga ukulungiswa okukhulu, bese usebenzisa isifundo ngasinye ukuthola izikhala ezithile zokusebenza.

Yakha ukulandelana okuhleliwe phakathi kokufunda phansi kanye nokuzijwayeza ukundiza. Ngaphambi kweseshini yokulingisa, khetha inhloso eyodwa noma ezimbili, njengokuvimba inkambo noma ukululama esimweni sengqondo esingavamile. Ngemva kwalokho, chaza ukuthi yini ebangele noma yikuphi ukuphambuka nokuthi uzokulungisa kanjani. Ukuzijwayeza kokulingisa kungakusiza ukuthi uzijwayeze imisebenzi yezinsimbi, kuyilapho ukuzijwayeza ukundiza kukuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise endizeni. Sebenzisa ukubuyekezwa komhlabathi ukuze ulungiselele izinqumo ozobhekana nazo endizeni.

I-FAA Instrument Rating Airplane ACS, FAA-S-ACS-8C, inikeza uhlaka lokuhlola. Imisebenzi eminingi idinga ukuphakama ngaphakathi kwamamitha ayi-100, iqonde ngaphakathi kwamadigri ayi-10, kanye nesivinini somoya ngaphakathi kwamafindo ayi-10. Lokhu kubekezelelana kusebenza emisebenzini eminingi, hhayi njengokufaka esikhundleni sendinganiso ephelele yomsebenzi ngamunye. Buyekeza izincazelo zomsebenzi ze-ACS, bese ucela umfundisi wakho ukuthi ahlole kokubili ukulawula kanye nokwahlulela. Ukunyakaza okunembile kobuchwepheshe kusadinga ukuxhumana okucacile kanye nokuhambisana nemiyalelo.

Faka izindlela eziyinhloko zokuqondisa amathuluzi kanye nokululama kwesimo sengqondo esingavamile ekulungiseleleni kwakho ukuhlolwa kwendiza. Zijwayeze ukuphendula ukuhamba, endleleni, ekubambeni, nasekufikeni ngenkathi ugcina ukulawula indiza. Faka indlela ye-ILS yokunciphisa inani, futhi uma kudingeka, indlela yokujikeleza. Umhloli angase afake isimo esiphuthumayo, ngakho-ke zijwayeze ukubeka phambili ukulawula indiza, ukuhlonza inkinga, nokwazisa impendulo yakho. Nikeza indiza ngayinye yokuzijwayeza umsebenzi ochaziwe bese uqeda ngengxoxo egxile.

Isimo sezulu kanye nokuhlela indiza kudinga ukubuyekezwa okuhlanganisiwe, hhayi ukubamba ngekhanda okuhlukile. Zijwayeze ukuqoqa ulwazi lwesimo sezulu, uhlole ukufaneleka kwaso endleleni, futhi uchaze ukuthi luthinta kanjani uhlelo lwakho. Buyekeza i-IFR elahlekile yokuxhumana ngaphansi kwe-14 CFR 91.185, bese usebenzisa inqubo esimweni esithile. Abafundi abafunda indlela yokulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi kufanele baxhumanise ukubikezela, ukususwa, ukuzulazula, indlela, kanye nokungazelelwe ohlelweni olulodwa oluhambisanayo lwendiza. Uhlelo olugxile endleleni yokulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi luxhumanisa isifundo ngasinye sendawo nesinqumo sendiza ongasichaza futhi usisebenzise.

5. Ukufaneleka kokuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sensimbi

Ukufaneleka kuyimfuneko, hhayi ukufaneleka. Ngaphambi kokuhlela, qhathanisa izitifiketi zakho, ulwazi lwezindiza, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kolwazi, kanye nemininingwane yokunqamula izwe nezidingo zethuluzi nendiza. Ulwazi oluphelele alubonisi ukufaneleka; ukungena kwakho endizeni kumele futhi kubhale phansi uhlobo oludingekayo lokundiza kanye nomzila. Ukuthola igebe kusenesikhathi kukunikeza isikhathi sokuhlela ukuqeqeshwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okusebenzayo.

Ngaphansi koMthetho we-FAR 61.65, umuntu ofaka isicelo sokulinganisa izinsimbi nezindiza kumele abe nesikhathi sokundiza okungenani samahora angu-50 njengomshayeli wendiza ophethe, ngokusho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration. Umuntu ofaka isicelo kumele futhi abhale okungenani amahora angu-40 esikhathi sangempela noma esilingisiwe sezinsimbi, ngokusho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration. Buyekeza okufakiwe encwadini yokubhalisa ukuze uthole izinsuku ezicacile, imininingwane yendiza, kanye nomthamo owandiza ngawo. Inani elihlukile libalulekile: isikhathi se-PIC sokuhamba ezweni kanye nesikhathi sezinsimbi kubhala izidingo ezahlukene zesipiliyoni.

Indiza edingekayo ye-IFR eya ezweni lonke inezindlela zayo. Ngokusho kwe-Federal Aviation Administration, umuntu ozongenela ukhetho kumele aqedele indiza ye-IFR eya ezweni lonke okungenani engu-250 NM emigwaqweni yomoya noma eqondiswa yi-ATC. Indiza kumele ifake izinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene zezindlela zethuluzi. Indiza ngayinye efanelekile eya ezweni lonke kumele ifike esikhumulweni sezindiza esingaphezu kuka-50 NM ukusuka endaweni yokusuka ngomugqa oqondile. Qinisekisa ukuthi umzila, ukufika, kanye nezindlela ezirekhodiwe ziyasekela imfuneko.

Hlola ezinye izinto zokufaneleka njengeqembu:

• Isitifiketi: Bamba isitifiketi somshayeli wendiza ozimele.
• Ezokwelapha: Yiba nesitifiketi sezokwelapha sebanga lesithathu okungenani.
• isiZulu: Ukwazi ukufunda, ukubhala, ukukhuluma, nokuqonda isiNgisi.
• Ukuhlolwa kolwazi: Umphumela odlulayo uhlala usebenza izinyanga ezingama-24 zekhalenda.
• Amarekhodi ezindiza: Veza amarekhodi okugcinwa kwendiza, kanye nokuhlolwa okudingekayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwemishini kwamanje.

Abaphothule kwiNgxenye 141 banendlela echaziwe yokuthola ulwazi oludingekayo nolwazi. Ophothule kwiNgxenye 141 kumele aveze isitifiketi sokuphothula futhi aphumelele ukuhlolwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-60 zokuphothula. Lesi sikhathi senza isitifiketi nosuku lokuhlolwa kube yizingxenye ezibalulekile zohlelo lokufaneleka. Ukuqeqeshwa ngaphansi kweNgxenye 61 kulandela izidingo zakho zesipiliyoni ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke ungacabangi ukuthi amalungiselelo endlela yokuqeqesha eyodwa asebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kwenye.

Qedela ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka ngaphambi kokuzibophezela osukwini lokuhlolwa. Qondanisa imfuneko ngayinye nokufakwa kwe-logbook noma idokhumenti, khomba noma yiliphi irekhodi elilahlekile, bese uxazulula igebe nomfundisi wakho. Lokhu kusiza futhi ukuhlukanisa ukushoda kwesipiliyoni sangempela kokufakwayo okudinga amadokhumenti acacile. Ukuze uthole isinyathelo esilandelayo esihlelekile, hlela ukuqeqeshwa kwakho kokundiza kwezinsimbi zomculo mayelana nezidingo okusadingeka uzihlangabezane nazo.

Indiza Yesikole e-USA

I-Flight School USA isiza abashayeli bezindiza abafisayo ukwakha amakhono okundiza ngokuqeqeshwa kobungcweti kanye nezinhlelo ezigxile emsebenzini. Uma isibuyekezo sakho sokufaneleka sembula izikhala zobuchwepheshe, noma ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi amakhono athile adinga umsebenzi owengeziwe, ukuqeqeshwa kwendiza okuhlelekile kungakusiza ukubhekana nalezo zinto eziza kuqala ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okusebenzayo. Beka ukuqeqeshwa kwakho kwamanje kanye nemigomo yakho endleleni ecacile eya phambili ne-Flight School USA.

Kubafundi abahlela umsebenzi wezindiza zobungcweti, i-Flight School USA inikeza izinhlelo ezifaka phakathi i-Fixed-Price Career Program kanye ne-Airline Ready Program. Ama-veteran angahlola i-GI Bill Flight Training, kanti abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bangafunda ngezinsizakalo zokwamukelwa kwe-M1 Visa. Xhumana ne-Flight School USA ukuze uxoxe ngemigomo yakho yokuqeqeshwa kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Thatha isiyalo sokuhlola endizeni yakho elandelayo

Isivivinyo esisebenzayo siyingqophamlando, kodwa imikhuba ozakhela yona kufanele iqhubeke nokundiza ngezinsimbi. Yenza izinqumo eziqondile, ukhulumisane ngokucacile, futhi ufunde kulokho okushiwoyo. Leso sifundo sisiza ukuguqula ukulungiselela uhambo lokuhlola lube ukwahlulela okuhle kwemisebenzi ye-IFR yesikhathi esizayo.

Uhlelo olugxile ekutheni ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi lunikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwakho okusele injongo ecacile. Thola ukuthi yini ofuna ukuyiqinisa, bese uxhumanisa lowo mgomo nendlela yakho ebanzi yezindiza. I-Flight School USA inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwezindiza kochwepheshe kanye nezinhlelo ezigxile emsebenzini. Hlola izinketho zokuqeqesha ezifanelana nemigomo yakho bese uthatha isinyathelo esilandelayo emsebenzini wakho wezindiza.

Uma usukulungele ukuxoxa ngokuthi imigomo yakho yokuqeqesha ifanelana kanjani nesigaba sakho esilandelayo, xhumana ne-Flight School USALetha imibuzo yakho bese uthatha isinyathelo esilandelayo ngenhloso. Usuwakhile isisekelo; manje qhubeka phambili ngokuzethemba.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kwenzekani uma ngihluleka ukuhlolwa?

Uma wehluleka endaweni ethile, kufanele uthole ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe komqeqeshi wendiza kuleyo ndawo kanye nokuvunyelwa okusha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kabusha. Ukuhlolwa kabusha kukhawulelwe ezindaweni ongazange uziphumelele. Sebenzisa isaziso somhloli sokungavumi ukuhlonza imisebenzi ethile, bese usebenzisana nomqeqeshi wakho ohlelweni lokuzijwayeza olugxile. Isibonelo, uma umsebenzi wokubamba ungagculisi, buyekeza imvume, ukungena, kanye nokwenziwa ngaphambi kokuzama futhi.

Ingabe umhloli uhlola konke ku-ACS?

Umhloli uhlola imisebenzi yokuhlola esebenzayo efanelekile ngokumelene ne-FAA Instrument Rating Airplane ACS, FAA-S-ACS-8C. Ukuhlolwa akudingi ukuthi wonke umfakisicelo enze yonke into ekudokhumenti. Noma kunjalo, lungiselela kuzo zonke izindawo ezifanele ngoba umhloli angahlola okungaphezu kwemisebenzi oyilindele. Buyekeza ulwazi lomsebenzi ngamunye, ukuphathwa kwezingozi, kanye nezici zamakhono, bese ulungele ukuchaza izinqumo kanye nokubonisa ukulawula izindiza.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ACS ne-PTS yama-checkrides?

I-ACS iyindinganiso ekhonjwe ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kwendiza yokulinganisa izinsimbi. Ihlela imisebenzi yokuqinisekisa ulwazi, ukuphathwa kwezingozi, kanye namazinga amakhono. I-PTS ibhekisela kumazinga okuhlola asebenzayo, abashayeli bezinhlelo zangaphambilini abangahlangana nawo ezintweni zokufunda ezindala. Ukuze uthole ukulungiselela kwamanje, sebenzisa i-FAA Instrument Rating Airplane ACS, i-FAA-S-ACS-8C, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izinkomba zakho zihambisana nesigaba sendiza kanye nesilinganiso osifunayo.

Yiziphi izidingo zokufaneleka kwe-FAA instrument rating checkride?

Ngaphansi komthetho i-FAR 61.65, i-Federal Aviation Administration idinga ukuthi umuntu ofaka isicelo sokulinganisa izinsimbi nezindiza okungenani abe nesikhathi sokundiza okungenani amahora angu-50 ezweni lonke njengomshayeli wendiza ophethe. I-Federal Aviation Administration iphinde idinge ukuthi indiza ye-IFR yezwe okungenani engu-250 NM emigwaqweni yomoya noma umzila oqondiswa yi-ATC, okuhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene zezindlela zezinsimbi. I-Federal Aviation Administration idinga ukuthi umfundisi avume ukuthi uthole futhi wabhalisa ukuqeqeshwa kokulungiselela ukugibela ibhayisikili zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kwenyanga yesicelo.

Yimaphi amadokhumenti kanye nezincomo okufanele ngizilethe ekuhlolweni kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi?

Letha izitifiketi zakho zomshayeli wendiza kanye nezokwelashwa, incwadi yokubhalisa evunyelwe ngumfundisi, umbiko wokuhlolwa obhaliwe, ukuhlonza isithombe, kanye nesitifiketi somgibeli wendiza esigcwalisiwe noma isicelo sokulinganisa. Isicelo siyiFomu le-FAA 8710-1. Gcina izinto ndawonye ukuze umhloli akwazi ukuthola irekhodi ngalinye ngokushesha. Futhi letha amashadi amanje, amathuluzi namafomu okuhlela indiza, i-AIM yamanje, kanye nedivayisi ekhawulela ukubuka. Qinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi okulungisa adingekayo endiza yakho ayatholakala ukuze kuhlolwe okusebenzayo.

Yimaphi amaqhinga nezinqubo ezidingekayo ekuhlolweni kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi?

Ingxenye yendiza ingafaka phakathi ukuqondiswa kwezinsimbi, ukubuyiselwa kwesimo sengqondo esingavamile, ukubamba, kanye nezindlela zezinsimbi. Lindela izindlela ezimbili zokungacaci kanye nendlela eyodwa yokucacisa; indlela eyodwa yokungacaci indiza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi okundiza ayinhloko. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka futhi indlela ye-ILS yokunciphisa inani, futhi uma kusebenza, indlela yokujikeleza. Abafakizicelo kumele babonise ukuqonda kwezindlela ze-ATC zokuhamba, endleleni, ekubambeni, kanye nezinqubo zokufika.

Yiziphi izizathu ezivamile ezenza abafakizicelo bahluleke ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sezinsimbi?

Abafakizicelo bangahluleka ngenxa yokulawulwa okubuthakathaka kwendiza, ukwenziwa kwenqubo okungaphelele, noma ubunzima bokusebenzisa ulwazi lwethuluzi esimweni esishintshayo. Ukuphuthelwa ushintsho lokususa, ukuphathwa kabi kwendlela, noma ukwehluleka ukuqaphela isimo esiphuthumayo kungaveza igebe lokuqeqeshwa. Izinkinga zemibhalo zingaphazamisa nokuhlolwa. Phatha impendulo ye-mock-checkride njengobufakazi obuqondile: khomba umsebenzi, isinqumo noma ikhono elidinga ukusebenza, kanye nomkhuba odingekayo ukuze uthuthukiswe.

Isimo sezulu, imishini yezindiza, kanye nokutholakala kwendlela kukuthinta kanjani ukuhlela uhambo lokubheka?

Isimo sezulu sithinta uhlelo lokundiza olusebenzayo nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezingacatshangelwa ngokuphephile ngalolo suku. Imishini yendiza inquma ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo zokuzulazula kanye nemisebenzi yokuzenzakalela etholakalayo ukuze iboniswe, kuyilapho ukutholakala kwendlela esikhumulweni sezindiza esikhethiwe kubumba izinketho zomhloli. Lungiselela ngokutadisha izinqubo ezisekelwa imishini efakiwe yendiza nokuqonda ezinye izindlela esikhumulweni sezindiza esihleliwe. Uma izimo noma imishini ishintsha, lungela ukuchaza ukuthi uzoyilungisa kanjani uhlelo lwakho.