Isingeniso se-Colour Blind
Umbala wobumpumputhe, noma ukungakwazi ukubona imibala, kuthinta indlela abanye abantu ababona ngayo imibala. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyisithiyo esibalulekile kubashayeli bezindiza abasafufusa, lapho ukuqashelwa kombala kubalulekile, akudingekile ukuba kugxilise amaphupho akho okuyisa esibhakabhakeni. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola imithetho, izinselele, kanye nezixazululo zabantu abangaboni imibala abaphishekela umsebenzi wokundiza.
Imibono eyiphutha eminingi iyizungezile kanye nomthelela wayo ekushayeleni izindiza. Iqiniso liwukuthi, ngokuhlolwa okufanele, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala, abantu abaningi abangaboni imibala baye bazulazula esibhakabhakeni ngokuphumelelayo. Lo mhlahlandlela ululaza inqubo, unikeza imininingwane ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusilela kokubona imibala, izimfuneko ezithile zabashayeli bezindiza, kanye nentuthuko yakamuva engakusiza ukuthi ukhuphuke ngaphezu kwezinselele.
Ukuqonda Ubumpumputhe Bombala
Ubumpumputhe bemibala, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuntula ukubona imibala, yisimo esithinta indlela abantu ababona ngayo imibala. Akukhona ukuntuleka okuphelele kokubona imibala kodwa kunalokho kuyikhono elincishisiwe lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwama-hues athile. Lesi sici sofuzo sithinta ingxenye enkulu yabantu, ikakhulukazi abesilisa.
Ifomu elivame kakhulu ubumpumputhe bombala obomvu-oluhlaza, lapho abantu bezabalaza ukuhlukanisa imibala ebomvu neluhlaza. Kodwa zikhona nezinye izinhlobo. Abanye abantu banenkinga ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi, uhlobo olwaziwa ngokuthi ubumpumputhe bombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, umuntu angase abone ubumpumputhe bombala obuphelele, ebona umhlaba ngezithunzi ezimpunga.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ubumpumputhe bombala bukhona ku-spectrum. Abanye abantu bathinteka kakhulu, kanti abanye banombala obuthakathaka nje kuphela. Izinga lomthelela lincike ohlotsheni nobukhulu besimo. Ngokuqwashisa okufanele kanye ngendawo yokuhlala, labo abanenkinga yokubona imibala bangaphila ukuphila okuvamile, okwanelisayo emisebenzini eminingi.
Imithetho Yabashayeli Bezindiza Abangaboni Ngemibala
The I-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inemithetho eqinile mayelana nezidingo zokubona imibala kubashayeli bezindiza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abashayeli bezindiza kudingeka bakwazi ukubona nokuhumusha ngokunembile izibani ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, amasignali, nezimpawu phakathi nokusebenza kwendiza. I-FAA idinga ukuthi abashayeli bezindiza baphumelele ukuhlolwa kombala njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwabo kwezokwelapha ukuze bathole ilayisense yokushayela.
Kodwa-ke, imithethonqubo iphinde ibone ukuthi lokhu kuntuleka kombono akuvimbeli umuntu ekubeni umshayeli wendiza. Kwezinye izimo, i-FAA ingase inikeze ukuyekwa noma indawo yokuhlala kubashayeli bezindiza abayizimpumputhe, inqobo nje uma bengabonisa amandla abo okwenza imisebenzi yabo ngokuphephile.
Ungaba Umshayeli Wezindiza Uma Ungaboni Imibala?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo ingu-"yebo" ozwakalayo - kungenzeka abe umshayeli wendiza ngisho noma ungaboni umbala. Kodwa-ke, indlela ingaba inselele kakhulu, futhi imikhawulo ethile noma indawo yokuhlala ingasebenza.
Uma wehluleka ukuhlolwa kokuqala kombala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kwezokwelashwa, uzonikezwa ithuba lokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka phakathi ukuhlola okuthuthuke kakhulu kokubona kombala, okufana ne I-Farnsworth Lantern Test noma I-Color Vision Tester, eklanyelwe ukuhlola ikhono lomuntu ngamunye lokuhlukanisa imibala esimweni esisebenziseka kalula nesicaciselwe ukundiza.
Uma uphumelela lezi zivivinyo ezengeziwe, ungase unikezwe ukuyekwa noma indawo yokuhlala yi-FAA, okukuvumela ukuthi uphishekele umsebenzi wokuba umshayeli wamabhanoyi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uhlobo lwesitifiketi somshayeli ongasithola lungalinganiselwe, futhi ungase ube ngaphansi kwemikhawulo ethile yokusebenza noma izimfuneko.
Izinselele Ezibhekene Nabashayeli Bezindiza Abangaboni Ngemibala
Nakuba kungenzeka ukuba umshayeli wendiza onobumpumputhe bemibala, kunezinselele ezithile kanye nemikhawulo abashayeli bezindiza abayizimpumputhe abangabhekana nazo:
Ubunzima Bokuhlonza Izimpawu Nezibani Ezinemibala: Enye yezinselele eziyinhloko zabashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala ubunzima obungaba khona ekuboneni ngokunembile amasiginali anemibala, izibani, nezimpawu phakathi nokusebenza kwendiza. Lokhu kungafaka izibani zendlela yezindiza, izinsiza zokuzulazula, nezibani zendiza.
Imikhawulo Ezindimeni Ezithize Zokundiza: Ngokuya ngobucayi bokuntula ukubona kanye nemithethonqubo ethile ekhona, abashayeli bezindiza abangakwazi ukubona bangase babhekane nemikhawulo ekuqhubekiseni imisebenzi ethile yendiza noma ukushayela izinhlobo ezithile zezindiza. Isibonelo, ezinye izinkampani zezindiza noma amagatsha ezempi angase abe nezidingo eziqinile zokubona umbala ezikhundleni ezithile.
Ukwethembela Okukhulisiwe Kumathuluzi Nobuchwepheshe: Abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala bangase badinge ukuthembela kakhulu kumathuluzi, izinsiza zokuzulazula, nobunye ubuchwepheshe ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukuntula kwabo ukubona imibala. Lokhu kungengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sobunzima kanye nomsebenzi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwendiza.
Ukukhathazeka Okungenzeka Kwezokuphepha: Nakuba ukuntula ukubona imibala kungase kubangele ingozi eqondile yokuphepha, kunombono wokuthi kungase kukhuphule amandla okukhonjwa ngokungalungile noma ukuhunyushwa ngokungeyikho kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo ezibalulekile, okungase kuholele ekukhathazekeni kokuphepha ezimeni ezithile.
Izixazululo Nobuchwepheshe Babashayeli Bezindiza Abangakwazi Ukubona Umbala
Naphezu kwezinselelo, kunezixazululo ezihlukahlukene nobuchwepheshe obutholakalayo ukusiza abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala ekunqobeni ukulinganiselwa kwabo:
Izibuko Nezihlungi Ezikhethekile: Izinhlobo ezithile zezingilazi noma izihlungi zingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukubonwa kombala kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu ngabanye abangakwazi ukubona imibala. Lawa ma-lens akhethekile angagqokwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwendiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubonwa kombala.
Ukulungiswa kwesibonisi se-Cockpit: Izindawo zesimanje zezindiza zezindiza zingashintshwa ukuze zihlanganise amasu okubhala amakhodi ahlukaniseka kalula kubashayeli bezindiza abangakwazi ukubona imibala. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukulungisa imibala esetshenziselwa izinkomba ezihlukahlukene noma ukusebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokufaka amakhodi.
I-Avionics Ethuthukisiwe Nezinhlelo Zokuzulazula: Izindiza eziningi zesimanje zifakwe izinto eziphambili ama-avionics namasistimu okuzulazula athembele kancane ekubhalweni kwemibala nokunye okuningi ekubonisweni kwedijithali nezimpawu. Lezi zinhlelo zingenziwa ngendlela efanele ukuze zivumelane nabashayeli bezindiza abangakwazi ukubona imibala, kuncishiswe ukuthembela kwabo ekuboneni imibala.
Amasu Okuqeqesha Nokuzijwayeza: Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziyisipesheli nezindlela zokuzijwayeza zingathuthukiswa ukuze kusizwe abashayeli bezindiza abangakwazi ukubona imibala ukuthi babone futhi bahumushe kangcono izimpawu zokubonwayo namasignali ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwendiza. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukulingisa, ukuqeqeshwa okusekelwe kusimo, nezindlela zokukhumbula ngekhanda.
Amasu Okuqeqesha Nokujwayela Abashayeli Bezindiza Abangakwazi Ukubona Umbala
Ukuze banqobe izinselele ezihlobene nokuntula ukubona imibala, abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala kungase kudingeke baqeqeshwe okukhethekile futhi basebenzise amasu athile okuzijwayeza. Nazi izibonelo:
Ukuqeqeshwa Okusekelwe Ekulingiseni: Izilingisi zendiza zingasetshenziswa ukudala izimo ezidalula abashayeli bezindiza abangakwazi ukubona imibala ezimeni ezihlukahlukene zokukhanya namasignali anekhodi yombala. Le ndawo elawulwayo ibavumela ukuthi bazijwayeze ukuhlonza nokuhumusha izimpawu ezibonakalayo ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihlobene nokusebenza kwendiza kwangempela.
Amasu Okubamba Ngekhanda: Abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala bangase badinge ukuthembela kakhulu kumasu okubamba ngekhanda ukuze bahlobanise imibala ethile nezincazelo zayo ezihambisanayo noma amasiginali. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukufunda amashadi ombala, imidwebo, nezinye izinsiza ezibukwayo ukuze kuqinise ukubonwa kombala.
Ukuphathwa Kwezinsiza Zabasebenzi (CRM): Ukuxhumana okusebenzayo nokusebenzisana namanye amalungu eqembu kungasiza ekwehliseni izinselele zokungaboni imibala. Abashayeli bezindiza abayizimpumputhe bangakwazi ukukhuluma ngokulinganiselwa kwabo futhi bathembele kozakwabo ukuze banikeze isiqinisekiso esengeziwe noma ukuqinisekiswa kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo lapho kudingeka.
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo Nokujwayela: Njengoba ubuchwepheshe nemithethonqubo ithuthuka, abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala kufanele bahlale beguquguquka futhi babuyekeze ulwazi namakhono abo ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuya ezifundweni zokuvuselela, ukubamba iqhaza kumasemina, noma ukufuna isiqondiso kubaluleki abanolwazi noma abafundisi.
Izindaba Eziyimpumelelo: Abantu Abangakwazi Ukubona Umbala Embonini Yezokundiza
Naphezu kwezinselele, abantu abaningi abangaboni imibala baye bazuza impumelelo ephawulekayo embonini yezindiza, okufakazela ukuthi ukungakwazi ukubona imibala akusona isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa. Nazi izindaba zempumelelo ezimbalwa ezikhuthazayo:
UBrett Gooden: UBrett Gooden ungumshayeli wendiza yezentengiselwano oseke wandiza iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 nakuba engaboni imibala. Uphumelele ukuzulazula ezinseleleni ezihambisana nokungaboni imibala futhi usaqhubeka nokundizela inkampani yezindiza enkulu.
Le ndaba yempumelelo isebenza njengogqozi kubashayeli bezindiza abafisa ukungaboni imibala, okubonisa ukuthi ngokuzimisela, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, nokusekelwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukunqoba imikhawulo yokungaboni imibala nokuphishekela umsebenzi ogculisayo wendiza.
Ungawuphishekela Kanjani Umsebenzi Wokundiza Nge-Colour Blindness
Uma ungaboni imibala futhi ufisa ukuba umshayeli wamabhanoyi, nazi izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze wandise amathuba akho okuphumelela:
Funa Isiqondiso Sochwepheshe: Xhumana nabahloli bezokwelapha bezindiza abanolwazi (ama-AME), abafundisi bezindiza, nochwepheshe bezokundiza abanolwazi lokusebenza nabashayeli bezindiza abayizimpumputhe. Banganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile nesiqondiso mayelana nezidingo ezithile, izinqubo zokuhlola, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ezitholakalayo.
Yenza Ukuhlolwa Okuphelele: Zilungiselele ukwenza uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zokubona imibala kanye nokuhlola ukuze unqume izinga lobumpumputhe bakho bombala kanye nekhono lakho lokubona izimpawu ezibonakalayo ezibalulekile. Lokhu kuhlola kungase kuhlanganise i-Farnsworth Lantern Test, i-Colour Vision Tester, nokuhlola kokusebenza.
Hlola Amasu Okuqeqesha Nokuzijwayeza: Cwaninga futhi uhlole izinhlelo ezihlukene zokuqeqesha, izivivinyo zokulingisa, nezindlela zokuzijwayeza ezidizayinelwe abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala. Lezi zinsiza zingakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise amasu okunxephezela ukuntula kwakho ukubona imibala.
Hlala Unolwazi Ngemithetho Nobuchwepheshe: Hlala unolwazi mayelana nemithetho yakamuva, izinqubomgomo, nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ehlobene nokungaboni imibala kwezokundiza. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi uyazazi izinguquko noma indawo yokuhlala engase ibe nomthelela ekhonweni lakho lokuphishekela umsebenzi wokuba umshayeli wamabhanoyi.
Yakha Inethiwekhi Yokusekela: Xhumana nabanye abashayeli bezindiza abangaboni imibala, ochwepheshe bezokundiza, nezinhlangano ezisekela abantu ngabanye abanenkinga yokubona imibala. Le nethiwekhi ingakunikeza izeluleko ezibalulekile, ukwelulekwa, nesikhuthazo kulo lonke uhambo lwakho.
Phikelela futhi Uhlale Uvumelana nezimo: Ukuphishekela umsebenzi wokundiza njengomuntu ongaboni umbala kungase kulethe izinselele eziyingqayizivele, kodwa ngokukhuthazela nokuvumelana nezimo, kungenzeka ukunqoba lezi zithiyo. Hlala ugxile emigomweni yakho futhi uzimisele ukuhlola ezinye izindlela noma indawo yokuhlala njengoba kudingeka.
Isiphetho
Indlela yokuba umshayeli walabo abanobumpumputhe bemibala ingase ibe nezithiyo ezengeziwe, kodwa wuhambo olufanele ukuluthathela umshayeli wendiza ozimisele futhi onothando. Ngokuqondiswa okufanele, ukuqeqeshwa, nendawo yokuhlala, iphupho lokuya esibhakabhakeni lingafezeka.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda imithetho nezimfuneko ezithile ezibekwe iziphathimandla zezindiza. Ukufuna iseluleko sochwepheshe kubashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi, abafundisi, nochwepheshe bokubona kungasiza ukuzulazula kunqubo ngokushelela. Ukuhlola izindlela zokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi akhethekile namasu okubamba ngekhanda, kungathuthukisa ukuzethemba nekhono ku-cockpit.
Nakuba ubumpumputhe bemibala buletha izinselele, akusona isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa. Ngokuphikelela, ukuhlala unolwazi, nokwamukela izinsiza ezitholakalayo, abashayeli bezindiza abasafufusa bangakhuphuka ngaphezu kokungakwazi ukubona imibala futhi bathole injabulo nenkululeko yokundiza. Isibhakabhaka siwumkhawulo walabo abazimisele ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi banqobe.
Xhumana nethimba le-Florida Flyers Flight Academy namuhla ku (904) 209-3510 ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-Private Pilot Ground School Course.
