I-CFI Checkride: I-FAA §61.183 Imithetho yoQeqesho lweSpin kunye neyokuVunyelwa

Ewe, abafaki-zicelo zesatifikethi somqeqeshi wendiza esinereyithingi yenqwelomoya okanye ye-glider kufuneka bagqibe uqeqesho lwe-spin baze bafumane imvume ye-logbook phantsi 14 CFR §61.183(i)Kwi-checkride yakho, oku kuthetha ukuza nobungqina obubhaliweyo bobuchule bokufundisa ekuqondeni indawo yokuqhuba, ukungena kwi-spin, i-spins, kunye nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kuba umvavanyi angayamkela loo mvume endaweni yokubonisa xa ubhabha kwinzame yokuqala.

TL; DR:

• Abafakizicelo abaqeqeshwayo kubaqeqeshi beenqwelomoya abanereyithingi yeenqwelomoya okanye ye-glider kufuneka bagqibe uqeqesho lwe-spin baze bafumane imvume ye-logbook ebonisa ubuchule ekuqondeni i-stall, ukungena kwi-spin, i-spins, kunye nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.
• Uqeqesho lufanele luqhubeke ukusuka kwiindawo zokugcina ukuya kwiindawo zokuqala zokujikeleza kunye nokujikeleza okupheleleyo okungaphezulu kwe-3,500 feet AGL, kulandelwa iinkqubo ezithile zeenqwelo-moya kwi-AFM okanye kwi-POH.
• Ngexesha lokuhlolwa, abavavanyi bavavanya zombini inkcazo yokufundisa kunye nokwenziwa ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-logbook ngamanye amaxesha endaweni yomboniso wendiza kwiimvavanyo zokuqala.
• Ukulungiselela kubandakanya ukufunda imithetho nezikhokelo ezifanelekileyo, ukuziqhelanisa nokubalisa ngokucacileyo ngexesha lokuqhuba, kunye nokufumana iingcebiso ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubafundisi abafanelekileyo.
• Iikhosi ezisemthethweni zokuxhasa uqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo ziyacetyiswa, ingakumbi xa izixhobo zootitshala bendawo zinqongophele okanye kufuneka amaxwebhu.

Isiqulatho

• Oko kufunwa yimigaqo kunye nezixhobo zengcebiso ze-FAA
• Oko kuvavanywa yi-CFI ACS kunye nendlela abavavanyi abagweba ngayo imiyalelo yakho
• Ukulungiselela inyathelo ngenyathelo ngaphambi kohambo lwakho lokuhlola lwe-CFI
• Imingcipheko eqhelekileyo kunye neeflegi ezibomvu zomhloli
• Imvume yencwadi yeziganeko: oko kufuneka ikuthethe kunye nendlela esetyenziswa ngayo
• Kutheni iikhosi ezicwangcisiweyo zokuxhasa i-spin zinceda abaviwa ukuba balungiselele
• Inqaku malunga nokufundisa lijikeleza ngokunenkathalo
• Lungiselela inkxaso yakho yokujikeleza ngeFlightschoolusa
• imithombo
• FAQ

Oko kufunwa yimigaqo kunye nezixhobo zengcebiso ze-FAA

Isiseko solawulo yi-14 CFR §61.183(i), ebophelela abafakizicelo bomqeqeshi wenqwelomoya, abaqeqeshwayo kunye nabakhweli beenqwelomoya ukuba bafumane uqeqesho lokwazi nge-stall, ukungena kwi-spin, ii-spins, kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela i-spin kwinqwelomoya eqinisekisiweyo nge-spin. Umfaki-sicelo kufuneka afumane ne-logbook eqinisekisa ubuchule bokufundisa kolo qeqesho. Oku akusiyo i-formal: imisela umgangatho ophantsi osemthethweni apho yonke ikharityhulam yakho ye-spin ilinganiswa khona.

I-AC 61-67C Yakha phezu kweso siseko ngolandelelwano loqeqesho olucetyiswayo kunye noqeqesho lwenkqubo ekufuneka abaviwa balufunde kakuhle ngaphambi kosuku lovavanyo.

• Inkqubela phambili ukusuka ekuvuleni amandla kunye nokucima amandla ukuya ekujikelezeni okuqalileyo, emva koko ukuya ekujikelezeni okugcweleyo apho inqwelo moya kunye nesilabhasi zikuvumelayo.
• Ziqhelise ukusuka kwindawo ephakamileyo engaphezulu kwe-3,500 feet AGL, unike umda wokulibaziseka nokuchacha kokuqonda.
• Landela i-AFM/POH ngokuchanekileyo kwiinkqubo zokungena kunye nokubuyisela, kuba indlela yokuziphatha kwenqwelo-moya iyahluka ngohlobo lwayo.

Injongo ephambili yoqeqesho lwe-Spin kukuthintela, ngokwesikhokelo se-FAA kwi-AC 61-67C., echaza uqeqesho olujikeleze ukuqatshelwa nokwenza izigqibo phantsi kokuphazamiseka okubonakalayo endaweni yokuqhuba ukuphindaphinda ngenxa yayo. I-AC 61-65K igqibezela umfanekiso ngolwimi oluxhasayo olunokusetyenziswa ngabaqeqeshi ukuze balungelelanise iirekhodi zabo.

Oko kuvavanywa yi-CFI ACS kunye nendlela abavavanyi abagweba ngayo imiyalelo yakho

I-CFI-Airplane ACS ibeka ulwazi nge-spin kunye ne-spin kwi-Area of ​​Operation X, Task I, kwaye ivavanya izinto ezimbini ngaxeshanye: ulwazi lwakho kunye nolawulo lomngcipheko, kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukuqhuba i-maneuver ngelixa uchaza amanqaku okufundisa umfundi afuna ukuwava. Umboniso othuleyo nococekileyo awuwanelisi umsebenzi ukuba awukwazi ukuchaza into oyenzayo kunye nesizathu.

Abavavanyi baqeqeshwe ukuba bajonge iindlela ezithile zokungaphumeleli, kwaye ukuzazi kwangaphambili kuyalomeleza kakhulu ulungiselelo lwakho.

• Uqwalaselo olungalunganga lwenqwelo moya lungena kwindlela yokuqhuba.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo okanye olungalunganga olufihla indlela yokwenyani yokuma okanye yokujikeleza.
• Lawula ukusetyenziswa gwenxa ngexesha lokubuyisela amandla, ingakumbi ii-ailerons ezibanjwe nxamnye nokujikeleza.
• Ukudideka okanye ukudideka phakathi kokuntywila okujikelezayo kunye nokujikeleza kwangempela.
• Ukudlula imida yesakhiwo okanye yesantya somoya ngexesha lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Ukuqonda komvavanyi kubalulekile apha: ukuqinisekiswa kwencwadi yengxelo kungathatha indawo yokubonisa kuvavanyo lokuqala, kodwa olo lwazi luncipha kakhulu xa into enxulumene nokujikeleza sele ivelise iziphumo ezinganelisiyo.

Ukulungiselela inyathelo ngenyathelo ngaphambi kohambo lwakho lokuhlola lwe-CFI

Ulandelelwano lokulungiselela olucwangcisiweyo luguqula uqeqesho lokujikeleza ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuxhalaba ukuya kwinqanaba lokujonga ubuchule rhoqo. Sebenza ngalo ngokulandelelana kunokuba utsibe uye ekubhabheni.

1. Funda amaxwebhu emvelaphi. Funda i-14 CFR §61.183, AC 61-67C, i-CFI ACS, kunye neenqwelo-moya zakho ezithile I-AFM/POH, emva koko ubhale iinjongo zesifundo kunye nombhalo wokufundisa wee-stalls kunye nee-spins.
2. Qinisekisa inqwelo moya kwaye ucwangcise uhambo ngenqwelo moya. Qinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokujika kwi-AFM/POH, misela umgangatho wokuzilolonga ongaphezulu kwe-3,500 yeenyawo ze-AGL, kwaye umisele imiqathango emifutshane yokuyeka kunye neemeko zokuphazamiseka ezinokuziswa ngumvavanyi.
3. Qhubela phambili ngolandelelwano lokubhabha ngabom. Suka kwiindawo zokuvula nokucima umbane, uye kwiindawo zokujikeleza eziqalayo, uye kwiindawo zokungena ngokupheleleyo kunye nokubuyisela umva kuzo zombini iindlela apho kuvumelekileyo, uze udibanise iindlela zokufundisa ngelixa ubhabha apho ubalisa khona yonke into eyenzekayo.
4. Phatha amaphepha. Qinisekisa inkxaso yakho kumqeqeshi ogunyazisiweyo, bhala phantsi iseshoni nganye yoqeqesho ngaloo mini iyenzeka ngayo, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ngubani oza kusebenza njengomqeqeshi okuxhasayo ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise uhambo lokuhlola.

Icebiso Pro: Ziqhelise ukubalisa amanyathelo okuchacha ngokuvakalayo xa usenza i-wedwa, kuba ukuthetha phantsi komthwalo luvavanyo lwabavavanyi bezakhono, kungekhona ukujikeleza ngokwako.

Imingcipheko eqhelekileyo kunye neeflegi ezibomvu zomhloli

Isizathu esinye esiqhelekileyo sokuba umsebenzi wokujikeleza ungahambi kakuhle kukuwujonga njengomboniso endaweni yokusebenza njengokufundisa. Abavavanyi bavavanya ukuba ungamfundisa na oku umfundi oxhalabileyo, kungekhona ukuba ungambuyisela na inqwelo-moya wedwa.

• Imiboniso engathethiyo: Ziqhelise ukuthetha ngeempawu zokuqaphela nokuchacha kuzo zonke iinqwelomoya zoqeqesho, kungekuphela nje ezo zingaphambi kohambo.
• Ukungayinaki i-AFM/POH: khumbula inkqubo ethile yohlobo oluthile endaweni ye-generic recovery mnemonic, kuba ukuphambuka kufundwa njengesikhewu solwazi.
• Ulawulo olubi lwamandla kunye nokucotha kwe-aileron: qhuba ulandelelwano lokubuyisela amandla de ii-ailerons ezingathathi cala kunye ne-rudder edibeneyo zibe zenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo.
• Ukusondela kwi-VNE xa ubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo: nciphisa umda onzima wokuphuma ngaphambi kokuba ubhabhe, kungekhona ngexesha lokubhabha.
• Ukufunda gwenxa inxalenye 91.307: Umthetho weparashuti awusebenzi kwi-spins ezenziwa njengoqeqesho olufunekayo phantsi kwecandelo 61, kodwa imida yeenqwelo-moya isalawula.

Imvume yencwadi yeziganeko: oko kufuneka ikuthethe kunye nendlela esetyenziswa ngayo

Ukuqinisekiswa phantsi kwe-14 CFR §61.183(i) kufuneka kungqine ngokukodwa ubuchule bokufundisa ekuqondeni i-stall, ukungena kwe-spin, i-spins, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwe-spin, kusetyenziswa ulwimi oluhambelana neesampuli ezikwi-AC 61-65K. Kufuneka kuqanjwe umfaki-sicelo, ummiselo, kunye nobuchule obuthile obubandakanyiweyo, kuba ukungena okungacacanga kumema ukuhlolwa komvavanyi.

• Faka umhla, uhlobo lwenqwelo-moya, kunye nesalathiso esithe ngqo kwi-§61.183(i).
• Gcina amagama esondele kwisampulu ye-AC 61-65K endaweni yokuqamba amabinzana amatsha.
• Lindela ukuba umvavanyi ahlole amagama abhalwe kwimvumelwano kunye nawe uxwebhu lwencwadi yelog ukuze kuphelele ngaphambi kokuba uyamkele.

Ukuqinisekiswa kungathatha indawo yomboniso wendiza kuvavanyo lokuqala olusebenzayo, kodwa uvavanyo oluphindwe kabini emva kwesiphumo esinganelisiyo esinxulumene nokujikeleza lufuna ukuba umvavanyi avavanye ubuchule bokujikeleza kwinqwelo-moya eqinisekisiweyo ngokujikeleza ngokuthe ngqo.

Kutheni iikhosi ezicwangcisiweyo zokuxhasa i-spin zinceda abaviwa ukuba balungiselele

Ikhosi esesikweni yongeza ulwakhiwo olungenalo ukulungiselela okuziqondisayo, kwaye imodeli yeFlorida Flyers Flight Academy ibonisa ukuba oko kubonakala njani xa kusenziwa.

• Iinkqubo zokubuyisela ezicwangcisiweyo ze-AFM ziqheliswe ngohlobo lwenqwelo-moya esetyenzisiweyo kwi-checkride.
• Indlela yokufundisa ecwangcisiweyo apho abaviwa babalisa ngokuvakalayo ukuqatshelwa nokubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo, bexelisa uMsebenzi we-ACS I.
• Ukuphazamiseka okulinganisayo, kwaye apho inqwelo moya kunye nesilabhasi zivumela, ukuziqhelanisa nokujikeleza okujikelezayo okubhekisa kwicala elinye.

A ikhosi yokuxhasa ukujikeleziswa okuzinikeleyo ilungele abaviwa abanengxaki yokunqongophala kootitshala basekuhlaleni okanye abafuna isilabhasi ebhaliweyo endaweni yelungiselelo elingacwangciswanga.

Inqaku malunga nokufundisa lijikeleza ngokunenkathalo

Uqeqesho lokujikajika lukho ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi, kungekhona ukwenza izinto ezibangela imincili, kwaye loo mahluko kufuneka uyile zonke izifundo ozakhayo. Beka phambili i-AFM/POH yenqwelo-moya yakho kunendlela eqhelekileyo, kwaye ubhale phantsi yonke iseshoni ngobuchule obufanayo obulindeleyo kwinkxaso yakho. Ubuchule, kungekhona ubugorha, bubo obuthwala umfundi kumjikelo ongalindelekanga ngenye imini.

— uRainer

Lungiselela inkxaso yakho yokujikeleza ngeFlightschoolusa

Uqeqesho lokuxhasa nge-spin ludibanisa ithiyori esisiseko kunye neenkcazo ezithile ze-AFM/POH, isilabhasi yokubhabha ehleliweyo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-logbook ebhaliweyo eyanelisa ngqo i-§61.183(i).

• Iiseshoni zomhlaba zigubungela ummiselo, umsebenzi we-ACS, kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela izinto ezithile kwinqwelo-moya ngaphambi kokuba ubhabhe.
• Iinqwelomoya ezicwangcisiweyo zakhiwa ukusuka kwiindawo zokuthengisela ukuya kwiindawo zokuqala ukuya kwiindawo zoqeqesho lokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo kunye nokubalisa okufundiswayo okwakhelwe ngaphakathi.
• Igunya Lokuzihlola lithetha ukuba uhambo lwakho lokuhlola lunokulandela uqeqesho ngaphandle kokulibaziseka kweshedyuli yangaphandle.

Hlola iNkqubo yoMsebenzi we-US Airline Pilot ukuze ubone indlela uqeqesho lokuxhasa i-spin oluhambelana ngayo ne-CFI epheleleyo kunye nendlela yomsebenzi.

imithombo

La ngamaxwebhu aphambili akhankanyiweyo kulo lonke eli khokelo, afanele ukuphawulwa ngaphambi kokuba ujonge uhambo lwakho.

• 14 CFR §61.183 — Ukufezekiswa koqeqesho lokubhabha, amava okubhabha, kunye nezigunyaziso.
• AC 61-67C (Utshintsho 2) — Uqeqesho lokwazisa ngokubeka isiseko kunye nokujikeleza

FAQ

Ngaba ii-CFI kufuneka zigqibe uqeqesho lwe-spin?

Ewe, abafaki-zicelo zesatifikethi somqeqeshi wendiza esinereyithingi yenqwelomoya okanye ye-glider kufuneka bagqibe uqeqesho lwe-spin phantsi kwe-14 CFR §61.183(i). Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kwisatifikethi se-CFI-airplane kunye ne-CFI-glider, kungekhona zonke iireyithingi zomqeqeshi.

Zithini iimfuno zokuqinisekiswa kwe-CFI spin?

Umfaki-sicelo kufuneka aqeqeshwe ekuqondeni indawo yokuqhuba, ukungena kwi-spin, ukujikajika, kunye nokubuyela kwimo yenqwelo-moya eqinisekisiweyo yi-spin, aze afumane imvume ye-logbook eqinisekisa ubuchule bokufundisa phantsi kwe-14 CFR §61.183(i). Akukho nani limiselweyo lee-spin okanye iiyure zoqeqesho ezichaziweyo: umgangatho ubonisa ubuchule, ojongwa ngumqeqeshi ovumayo.

Yeyiphi isiqinisekiso somqhubi wenqwelomoya esinzima ukuyifumana?

Ubunzima buxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yomqhubi wenqwelo moya, kodwa isatifikethi somqeqeshi wenqwelo moya esiqinisekisiweyo sithathwa njengesinzima kuba sifuna ubuchule bokubhabha kunye nokukwazi ukufundisa olo buchule phantsi kovavanyo lomvavanyi. I-CFI-Airplane ACS Task I kwi-spin ngumzekelo omnye apho abavavanyi bavavanya izakhono zokufundisa kunye nobuchule bokunamathela kunye nokulawula.

Ithini imithetho yeeyure ezisi-8 yabaqeqeshi beenqwelo moya?

Eli gama alihambelani nomgaqo we-FAA ochaziweyo wabaqeqeshi beenqwelo moya, kwaye intsingiselo yalo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthombo oyisebenzisayo. Abaviwa kufuneka baqinisekise nawuphi na umbuzo wexesha lomsebenzi okanye onxulumene nokuphumla ngokuchasene nemigaqo yangoku ye-FAA endaweni yesigama esingacwangciswanga.

kucetyiswa

• Fundisa ii-Spin, kungabi yi-Fly nje: Uqeqesho lokuxhasa ii-Spin lwabaFundi be-CFI