Iinkqubo zoPhando eziVunyiweyo ze-FAA ezilungileyo kwiMisebenzi yeenqwelo moya

Iinkqubo zokuqhuba iimoto ezivunyiweyo yi-FAA zingaphezulu nje kokukufundisa indlela yokubhabha inqwelo moya. Zibeka zonke izatifikethi, iiyure zokubhabha, uhambo lokujonga, kunye nokuvunyelwa komqeqeshi kulandelelwano olucacileyo lobungcali - ukuze ukwazi ukusuka kwisifundo sokuqala ukuya kwiziqinisekiso zokuqhuba iimoto zorhwebo ngaphandle kokuphulukana neenyanga ukuya kucwangciso olubi, ukunqongophala kweenqwelo moya, okanye uqeqesho olungadibaniyo.

Kwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bexesha elizayo, inkqubo efanelekileyo ayisiyo nje le inexabiso eliphantsi elibhengezwayo. Sisikolo esinokukuqeqesha rhoqo, sigqibezele ikharityhulam yakho evunyiweyo yi-FAA, sikulungiselele uvavanyo ngalunye olusebenzayo, kwaye sikuse kwinqanaba elilandelayo ngenjongo. Isantya sibalulekile, kodwa isantya esicwangcisiweyo nesihambelana ne-FAA sibaluleke ngakumbi.

Oko Kuthethwa "Yintoni Evunyiweyo yi-FAA" Ngokwenene

Ibinzana elithi “ivunyiwe yi-FAA” lidla ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintengiso yoqeqesho lokubhabha. Kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abakwimisebenzi, imvume efanele ingqalelo yakho sisiqinisekiso se-FAA Part 141. Isikolo seCandelo 141 sisebenza phantsi kwezikhokelo zekhosi yoqeqesho ezivunyiwe yi-FAA, uhlolo lwesigaba, imigangatho yezifundo, iinkqubo zokugcina iirekhodi, kunye neemfuno zolawulo lomgangatho. I-FAA ihlola isikolo kunye nezifundo zaso endaweni yokushiya yonke into yoqeqesho kwisigqibo somqeqeshi ngamnye.

Elo lwakhiwo lunokuba luncedo olukhulu kubafundi abafuna indlela echaziweyo eya kwiinqwelomoya zorhwebo. Phantsi kweCandelo 141, abafundi abafanelekileyo banokugqiba izatifikethi ezithile ngamava aphantsi okubhabha kunokuba kufuneka phantsi kweCandelo 61. Ikhosi yokuqhuba uhambo lokubhabha, umzekelo, ingagqitywa ngeeyure zokubhabha ezili-111 xa umfundi ehlangabezana neemfuno zeCandelo 141.55(e) ezifanelekileyo. Elo lithuba elihle lokusebenza kakuhle kumfundi ogxile kumsebenzi wexesha elizeleyo.

Uqeqesho lweCandelo 61 luseluqeqesho olusemthethweni lwe-FAA kwaye lunokuba lukhetho oluhle kakhulu kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zokuzonwabisa, abafundi abaneeshedyuli ezingacwangciswanga, okanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abafuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu. Kodwa umqhubi weenqwelo-moya wexesha elizayo kufuneka athelekise ezi ndlela zimbini ngokusekelwe kwisantya sokugqiba, ukuqhubeka koqeqesho olupheleleyo, ukufikelela kwiinqwelo-moya, kunye nokukwazi kwesikolo ukulawula yonke indlela. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo luxhomekeke kwinjongo yakho, kungekhona isilogeni.

Indlela yokuchonga iiNkqubo zoPhando eziVunyiweyo ze-FAA ezilungileyo

Inkqubo yomsebenzi ekumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka igwetywe ngobungqina bokusebenza, kungekhona izithembiso. Buza ukuba isikolo sibahambisa njani abafundi kwikhosi xa imozulu itshintsha, ukugcinwa kwenzeka, okanye ukufumaneka kwabavavanyi kuba nzima. Inkqubo inokuba nekharityhulam ephucukileyo ephepheni kwaye idale ukulibaziseka okude ukuba ayinazo iinqwelomoya ezaneleyo, abafundisi-ntsapho, okanye amandla ovavanyo.

Khangela ulandelelwano olupheleleyo lobungcali

Iinkqubo ezibalaseleyo zibonelela ngenkqubela phambili ethe ngqo kuqeqesho lweLayisenisi yoMqhubi waBucala ngeSikali seZixhobo, iNjini enye yoShishino, iiNjini ezininzi zoShishino, uMqeqeshi weNqwelo-moya oQinisekisiweyo, kunye nokulungiselela i-ATP ejolise kwinqwelo-moya. Olu landelelwano lubalulekile kuba umlinganiselo ngamnye uxhasa olandelayo. Izakhono zezixhobo zikwenza ube ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya onobuchule ngakumbi. Uqeqesho lweenjini ezininzi lukulungiselela imisebenzi yeenqwelo-moya ephucukileyo. Iziqinisekiso ze-CFI zinika abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaninzi indlela esebenzayo yokwakha ixesha lokubhabha elifunekayo ukuze bafumane umsebenzi weenqwelo-moya.

Isikolo esinikezela kuphela amanqaku ahlukeneyo sinokusebenza kumntu onamava ovavanyo. Kumfundi ongakwaziyo okanye otshintsha umsebenzi, inkqubo edibeneyo isusa uqikelelo. Kufuneka wazi ukuba yintoni elandelayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale isigaba sangoku.

Qinisekisa ukufumaneka kweenqwelo-moya kunye nesantya soqeqesho

Inkqubo ekhawulezileyo ikhawuleziswa kuphela xa ukwazi ukubhabha rhoqo. Buza ukuba iinqwelo-moya zizinikele na kwiinqanawa zoqeqesho, indlela yokugcinwa kwezinto, kunye nokuba abafundi abasisigxina baqhele ukubhabha kangaphi veki nganye. Imisebenzi yokubhabha rhoqo inceda abafundi ukuba bagcine iinkqubo, bakhe ukuzithemba, kwaye baphephe ukuhlawula ukuze bafunde kwakhona izinto emva kokungena ixesha elide.

IFlorida inika ithuba loqeqesho elinamandla kubafundi abaninzi kuba imozulu yayo yokubhabha unyaka wonke inokuxhasa ishedyuli ehambelanayo kuneendawo zonyaka. Imozulu ayinyamalali, kwaye imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo ihlala iza kuqala, kodwa indawo eneentsuku ezininzi zokubhabha inokwenza umahluko omkhulu kuluhlu lomsebenzi.

Buza ukuba ngubani oqhuba uhambo lokutshekisha

Ukucwangciswa kovavanyo olusebenzayo yenye yezona zinto zingahoywayo kuqeqesho lokuqhuba. Umfundi unokugqiba izifundo ezifunekayo kodwa alinde iiveki okanye iinyanga ukuze afumane umvavanyi wokuqhuba okhethiweyo. Oko kulinda kunokumisa inkqubela phambili, kunciphise ubuchule, kwaye kongeze iindleko.

Igunya lokuZihlola le-FAA liyinto enkulu eyahlulahlulayo kuba livumela isikolo esigunyazisiweyo seCandelo 141 ukuba senze iimvavanyo ezisebenzayo ezifanelekileyo ngaphakathi. Ayithobi imigangatho ye-FAA. Idala umjelo wovavanyo olawulwa ngakumbi ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yoqeqesho evunyiweyo. Kumfundi osebenza ixesha elizeleyo, loo nzuzo yokusebenza inokuba ngumahluko phakathi kokugqiba ngexesha kunye nokuhlala phantsi ulinde umvavanyi.

Thelekisa ixabiso lilonke, hayi ixabiso eliphambili

Ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu aliyiyo inkqubo ebiza kancinci ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukulibaziseka koqeqesho, izifundo eziphindaphindwayo, iifizi zokutshintshwa kwenqwelo-moya, ukulungiswa kohambo olungalindelekanga, kunye neengxaki zokuhlala zinokutshintsha inani lokugqibela ngokukhawuleza. Cela ulwahlulo olucacileyo lwezinto eziqukwa yinkqubo ecatshulweyo, ukuba zeziphi izinto ezicingelwayo malunga nokusebenza kwabafundi, kunye neendleko ezinokwahluka.

Abafundi abanomdla kumsebenzi wabo kufuneka baqwalasele ixabiso loqeqesho kwindawo yobuchwephesha esebenzisa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni, ukujonga izigaba ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, kunye nokulandelela inkqubela phambili ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo. Injongo asikokukhawulezisa uqeqesho. Injongo kukufikelela kumgangatho ngamnye we-FAA ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ulungele inyathelo elilandelayo lobuchwephesha.

Eyona nkqubo ilungileyo evunyiweyo yi-FAA kwindawo yakho yokuqala

Akukho khosi inye efanela wonke umntu oza kuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya. Inkqubo yokuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya evunyiweyo yi-FAA yeyona ihambelana nezatifikethi zakho zangoku, ixesha elikhoyo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nesiphumo somsebenzi ojolise kuso.

Ukuba awunawo amava okubhabha, qala ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo yokungathengisi. Uza kuqala ufumane iLayisensi yakho yoMqhubi waBucala, uze wakhe izakhono zezixhobo kunye namalungelo orhwebo afunekayo ukuze ubhabhe ukuze ufumane imbuyekezo. Abafundi abazibophelele kwishedyuli yobungcali kufuneka bakhethe isikolo esinesicwangciso esichaziweyo nge-CFI kunye noqeqesho lweenjini ezininzi endaweni yokuphatha isatifikethi ngasinye njengokuthenga okwahlukileyo.

Ukuba sele uneLayisenisi yoMqhubi waBucala, into ephambili kuwe idla ngokuba kukuqeqeshwa kwezixhobo. Iinqwelomoya kunye nabaqhubi abaziingcali balindele ukuba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bakhululeke kwinkqubo yezixhobo, kungekuphela nje ngokukwazi ukubhabha ngexesha lemozulu elungileyo. Ukusuka apho, uqeqesho lwezorhwebo lwenjini enye kunye nolweenjini ezininzi ludala iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo ukuqala ukwakha amava obuchwephesha.

Ukuba sele unikwe ireyithingi yorhwebo, inkqubo ye-CFI inokuba yenye yezona ntshukumo zilandelayo zibalulekileyo. Ukufundisa ngenqwelomoya kwakha ixesha, kulola ulwazi lobuchwephesha, kwaye kuphuhlise izakhono zonxibelelwano ezenza iingcali ezingcono ze-cockpit. Kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya abajolise kwiinqwelomoya, kudla ngokuba yeyona bhlorho ithe ngqo phakathi kwesatifikethi sorhwebo kunye namava enqanaba le-ATP.

Abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bafuna olunye udidi locwangciso. Khetha isikolo esigunyazisiweyo ukubhalisa abafundi be-visa ye-M-1 kwaye sinamava kwiimfuno ze-TSA, ulungelelwaniso lwezindlu, inkxaso yedilesi yase-US, kunye namaxwebhu e-FAA. Uqeqesho lwamazwe ngamazwe alufanele luvakale ngathi yikhosi eyahlukileyo yemiqobo. I-academy efanelekileyo iququzelela inkxaso yolawulo kunye neshedyuli yoqeqesho lokubhabha.

Kutheni iCandelo eliQhelekileyo le-141 linokuPhumelela?

Inkqubo ekhawulezayo ayikokukhawulezisa izinto. Ingokususa ukungqubana okungeyomfuneko kwikharityhulam ye-FAA enzima. Abafundi baqeqeshwa phantsi kwesilabhasi ecwangcisiweyo, babhabha rhoqo, bagqibezele uhlolo lwesigaba ngokweshedyuli, baze bangene ngqo kwisatifikethi esilandelayo xa befikelela kumgangatho.

I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy yakhelwe kuloo modeli yokuqala yomsebenzi, inika uqeqesho lwe-FAA Part 141 oluvela kwi-Private Pilot ngokusebenzisa amalungiselelo orhwebo, iinjini ezininzi, i-CFI, kunye ne-ATP. Inkqubo yayo ye-Fast Track Commercial Pilot evunyiweyo yi-FAA inokuqhubela phambili abafundi abafanelekileyo kwisatifikethi sorhwebo kwiiyure ezili-111 zeenqwelo moya phantsi kwe-FAR Part 141.55(e), ngelixa i-Self-Examining Authority yayo inceda ekunciphiseni ukulibaziseka kokucwangciswa kweshedyuli yabavavanyi bangaphandle.

Loo modeli ixabiseke kakhulu kubantu abadala abatshintsha imisebenzi, abafundi abakwiminyaka yekholeji abafuna indlela yeenqwelo moya ethe ngqo, kunye nabafundi abangaphandle kwelizwe abafudukela eFlorida ukuze bafumane uqeqesho olupheleleyo. Ukuzinikela kukhulu. Udinga uqeqesho lokufunda, ukulungiselela imali, kunye nokukwazi ukuqeqesha rhoqo. Njengembuyekezo, inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo ngokufanelekileyo inokuguqula usukelo lwenqwelo moya olukude lube lulandelelwano olulinganisekayo lweziganeko ze-FAA ezigqityiweyo.

Imibuzo Omele Uyibuze Ngaphambi Kokuba Ubhalise

Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe isikolo, buza ukuba ngaba siqinisekisiwe yi-FAA Part 141 kwaye zeziphi izifundo ezivunyiweyo phantsi kwesatifikethi saso. Qinisekisa ukuba ungalindela ukubhabha kangaphi, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ulondolozo lwenqwelo-moya luyigcina inqwelo-moya, kunye nendlela isikolo esicwangcisa ngayo uhlolo lwesigaba kunye novavanyo olusebenzayo. Buza ukuba ixabiso elicatshulweyo liquka na inqwelo-moya, ixesha lomqeqeshi, uqeqesho lomhlaba, ukulungiselela uvavanyo, kunye nezixhobo oza kuzidinga ngokwenene.

Buza nokuba kwenzeka ntoni emva koqeqesho lwezorhwebo. Ngaba isikolo sinikezela ngoqeqesho lweenjini ezininzi kunye nolwe-CFI? Ngaba ikho indlela ecacileyo yokwakha ixesha lokubhabha? Ngaba imeko yoqeqesho ikulungiselelela imigangatho yobungcali, kungekuphela nje iimfuno zovavanyo oluncinci? Iimpendulo ezithe ngqo kule mibuzo zikuxelela okungaphezulu kakhulu kunesantya esinomtsalane sokuqalisa.

Umsebenzi wakho wovavanyo uqala ngesigqibo sokubhalisa esinye, kodwa eso sigqibo sibumba isatifiketi ngasinye esilandelayo. Khetha inkqubo enesakhiwo se-FAA, ukufikelela okuthembekileyo koqeqesho, kunye nendlela ecacileyo yobungcali, uze uzise ugxininiso olufunekayo ukuze ufumane indawo yakho kwi-cockpit.