CFI Checkride: FAA §61.183 Malamulo Ophunzitsira ndi Kuvomereza Kuzungulira

Inde, ofunsira satifiketi ya mphunzitsi wa ndege yokhala ndi chizindikiro cha ndege kapena glider ayenera kumaliza maphunziro a spin ndikupeza chivomerezo cha logbook pansi pa 14 CFR §61.183(i)Pa ulendo wanu woyendera, izi zikutanthauza kubweretsa umboni wolembedwa wa luso lophunzitsa podziwa bwino za malo ogona, kulowa mu kuzungulira, kuzungulira, ndi kuchira, popeza woyesa angavomereze kuvomereza kumeneko m'malo mowonetsa mu ndege poyesa koyamba.

TL; DR:

• Ophunzira omwe akufuna ntchito yophunzitsa ndege omwe ali ndi ma rating a ndege kapena glider ayenera kumaliza maphunziro a spin ndikupeza chilolezo cha logbook chotsimikizira luso lawo pakudziwa bwino za malo ogona, kulowa mu spin, kuzungulira, ndi kuchira.
• Maphunziro ayenera kupita patsogolo kuyambira pa malo oimikapo magalimoto mpaka pa ma spins oyamba ndi ma spins opitilira mamita 3,500 AGL, kutsatira njira zoyendetsera ndege mu AFM kapena POH.
• Pa nthawi yoyeserera, oyesa amayesa kufotokozera malangizo ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito moyenera, ndipo nthawi zina amalemba chizindikiro cha logbook m'malo mwa chiwonetsero cha mundege pamayeso oyamba.
• Kukonzekera kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira malamulo ndi malangizo oyenera, kuchita kufotokozera momveka bwino panthawi yoyendetsa zinthu, ndikupeza zilolezo zoyenera kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi oyenerera.
• Maphunziro ovomerezeka okhazikika amalimbikitsidwa pa maphunziro okonzedwa bwino, makamaka ngati aphunzitsi am'deralo ali ochepa kapena ngati zikalata zofunika zikufunika.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• Zomwe malamulo ndi malangizo a FAA amafuna
• Zimene CFI ACS imayesa ndi momwe oyesa amaonera malangizo anu
• Kukonzekera pang'onopang'ono musanapite ku CFI checkride yanu
• Mavuto ofala komanso zizindikiro zofiira za woyesa
• Kuvomerezedwa kwa buku la zolemba: zomwe ziyenera kunenedwa ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito
• Chifukwa chiyani maphunziro okonzedwa bwino othandizira ozungulira amathandiza ofuna kukonzekera
• Chidziwitso chokhudza kuphunzitsa chimazungulira mosamala
• Konzekerani kuvomereza kwanu kuzungulira ndi Flightschoolusa
• magwero
• FAQ

Zomwe malamulo ndi malangizo a FAA amafuna

Maziko oyendetsera ntchito ndi 14 CFR §61.183(i), yomwe imafuna kuti aphunzitsi a ndege, aphunzitsi a ndege ndi ophunzitsa oyendetsa ndege alandire maphunziro okhudza kuzindikira malo ogona, kulowa mu ndege, kuzungulira, ndi njira zobwezeretsera kuzungulira mu ndege yomwe ili ndi satifiketi ya kuzungulira. Wofunsirayo ayeneranso kupeza chikalata chotsimikizira luso la maphunziro mu maphunziro amenewo. Izi si mwambo: zimakhazikitsa muyezo wocheperako wovomerezeka womwe maphunziro anu onse a kuzungulira amayesedwa.

AC 61-67C Amamanga pa maziko amenewo ndi ndondomeko yophunzitsira yovomerezeka komanso njira zomwe ophunzira ayenera kuzidziwa bwino tsiku la mayeso lisanafike.

• Kupita patsogolo kuchokera ku ma power-lit ndi ma power-off stalls kupita ku ma spins oyamba, kenako kupita ku ma spins athunthu komwe ndege ndi silabasi zimaloleza.
• Yesetsani kuchokera pamalo okwera kuposa mamita 3,500 AGL, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi woti muchedwe kuzindikira komanso kuti mubwezeretse.
• Tsatirani AFM/POH ndendende pa njira zolowera ndi kubweza ndege, popeza khalidwe la ndege limasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wake.

Cholinga chachikulu cha maphunziro a spin ndi kupewa, malinga ndi malangizo a FAA mu AC 61-67C., zomwe zimafotokoza maphunziro okhudza kuzindikira ndi kupanga zisankho mosasamala kanthu zenizeni m'malo mobwerezabwereza chifukwa cha izo zokha. AC 61-65K ikumaliza chithunzicho ndi chitsanzo cha chilankhulo chovomerezeka chomwe aphunzitsi angachisinthe kuti chigwirizane ndi zolemba zawo za logbook.

Zimene CFI ACS imayesa ndi momwe oyesa amaonera malangizo anu

CFI-Airplane ACS imaika chidziwitso cha spin ndi spins mu Area of ​​Operation X, Task I, ndipo imawunika zinthu ziwiri nthawi imodzi: chidziwitso chanu ndi kasamalidwe ka zoopsa, ndi luso lanu loyendetsa bwino pamene mukufotokoza mfundo zophunzitsira zomwe wophunzira angafunike kumva. Chiwonetsero chopanda phokoso komanso choyera sichikwaniritsa ntchitoyo ngati simungathe kufotokoza zomwe mukuchita komanso chifukwa chake.

Oyesa amaphunzitsidwa kuyang'anira njira zinazake zolephera, ndipo kuzidziwa pasadakhale kumakulitsa kukonzekera kwanu kwambiri.

• Kapangidwe kolakwika ka ndege komwe kakulowa mu maneuver.
• Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kapena kolakwika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi komwe kumabisa khalidwe lenileni la kukhazikika kapena kuzungulira.
• Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika panthawi yobwezeretsa, makamaka ma ailerons omwe amagwiridwa motsutsana ndi kuzungulira.
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusokonezeka pakati pa kudumphira mozungulira ndi kuzungulira kwenikweni.
• Kupitirira malire a kapangidwe kake kapena liwiro la mpweya panthawi yobwezeretsa.

Kuzindikira kwa woyesa ndikofunikira apa: kuvomereza buku la zolemba kumatha kulowa m'malo mwa chiwonetsero pa mayeso oyamba, koma kuzindikira kumeneko kumachepa kwambiri ngati chinthu chokhudzana ndi kuzungulira chapereka kale zotsatira zosakhutiritsa.

Kukonzekera pang'onopang'ono musanapite ku CFI checkride yanu

Kukonzekera mwanzeru kumasintha maphunziro a spin kuchoka pa nthawi ya nkhawa kukhala nthawi yowunikira luso. Yesetsani kuchita izi motsatira dongosolo m'malo modumphira mu ndege.

1. Werengani zolemba zoyambira. Werengani 14 CFR §61.183, AC 61-67C, CFI ACS, ndi ndege yanu yeniyeni AFM/POH, kenako lembani zolinga za phunziro ndi script yophunzitsira ya malo ochitira masewera ndi ma spins.
2. Tsimikizirani ndegeyo ndikukonzekera ulendo wake. Tsimikizirani satifiketi ya spin mu AFM/POH, ikani malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi opitilira mamita 3,500 AGL, ndikuwonetsani njira zazifupi zochotsera vuto limodzi ndi zochitika zina zomwe woyesa angayankhe.
3. Pitani patsogolo mwadala kudzera mu ndondomeko ya ndege. Pitani ku malo oyambira magetsi ndi kutseka magetsi, kupita ku ma spins oyamba, kulowa kwathunthu ndi kubwezeretsa mbali zonse ziwiri ngati kuli kololedwa, kenako sankhani zoyeserera zophunzitsira pamene mukuuluka komwe mumafotokoza chilichonse chomwe chikuchitika.
4. Sungani mapepala. Pezani chitsimikizo chanu kuchokera kwa mphunzitsi wovomerezeka, lembani maphunziro aliwonse tsiku lomwelo lomwe lichitike, ndipo tsimikizirani yemwe adzakhale mphunzitsi wanu wovomerezeka musanakonze nthawi yoti muyambe ulendo wanu.

Ovomereza Tip: Yesetsani kufotokoza mokweza mawu a kuchira pamene mukuchita zinthu nokha, chifukwa kulankhula mokweza ndi komwe akatswiri ofufuza luso amayesa, osati kuzungulira kokha.

Mavuto ofala komanso zizindikiro zofiira za woyesa

Chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ntchito yozungulira isayende bwino ndikuwona ngati chitsanzo osati ngati chitsanzo chophunzitsira. Oyesa akuyesa ngati mungaphunzitse izi kwa wophunzira wamanjenje, osati ngati mungathe kupeza ndege nokha.

• Ziwonetsero zopanda phokoso: Yesetsani kulankhula pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zozindikira ndi kuchira paulendo uliwonse wophunzitsa, osati zokhazo zomwe musanayambe ulendo woyeserera.
• Kunyalanyaza AFM/POH: Kumbukirani njira yodziwira mtundu wake m'malo mongokumbukira zinthu zomwe zachitika kale, chifukwa kupotoka kumawerengedwa ngati kusiyana kwa chidziwitso.
• Kusalamulira bwino mphamvu komanso kuchedwa kwa aileron kuletsa kufalikira kwa mphamvu: gwirani ntchito yobwezeretsa zinthu mpaka ma ailerons osalowererapo ndi chiwongolero chogwirizana chitakhala chokha.
• Kufikira VNE pakuchira: kuchepetsa malire okhwima onyamuka ndege isanayambe, osati panthawiyo.
• Kuwerenga molakwika gawo 91.307: Lamulo la parachuti silikugwira ntchito pa ma spins omwe amachitidwa monga momwe maphunziro amafunikira pansi pa gawo 61, koma malire a ndege akadali olamulira.

Kuvomerezedwa kwa buku la zolemba: zomwe ziyenera kunenedwa ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito

Kuvomerezedwa pansi pa 14 CFR §61.183(i) kuyenera kutsimikizira makamaka luso lophunzitsa pa kuzindikira malo ogona, kulowa kwa spin, kuzungulira, ndi kuchira kwa spin, pogwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chogwirizana ndi zitsanzo za AC 61-65K. Iyenera kutchula wopemphayo, malamulo, ndi luso linalake lomwe lafotokozedwa, popeza cholembedwa chosamveka bwino chimapempha wofufuza kuti afufuze.

• Phatikizani tsiku, mtundu wa ndege, ndi kutchula mwachindunji §61.183(i).
• Sungani mawuwo pafupi ndi chitsanzo cha AC 61-65K m'malo mongopanga mawu atsopano.
• Yembekezerani kuti woyesayo ayang'ane mawu ovomerezedwa ndi anu zolemba za buku la zolemba kuti ukhale wathunthu usanavomereze.

Kuvomereza kumeneku kungalowe m'malo mwa chiwonetsero cha ndege yomwe ili mundege pa mayeso oyamba othandiza, koma kuyesanso pambuyo pa zotsatira zosakhutiritsa zokhudzana ndi kuzungulira kumafuna kuti woyesayo ayese luso lake lozungulira ndege yomwe ili ndi satifiketi ya kuzungulira mwachindunji.

Chifukwa chiyani maphunziro okonzedwa bwino othandizira ozungulira amathandiza ofuna kukonzekera

Maphunziro okhazikika amawonjezera dongosolo lomwe kukonzekera kodziwongolera nthawi zambiri sikuli koyenera, ndipo chitsanzo cha Florida Flyers Flight Academy chikuwonetsa momwe zimaonekera pochita.

• Njira zochiritsira za AFM zinayesedwa pa mtundu weniweni wa ndege yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa ndege.
• Machitidwe ophunzitsira okonzedwa bwino pomwe ophunzira amalankhula za kuzindikira ndi kuchira mokweza, mofanana ndi ACS Task I.
• Zosokoneza zoyeserera, ndipo ngati ndege ndi silabasi zilola, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ozungulira mbali ziwiri.

A maphunziro odzipereka otsimikizira kuzungulira Zimathandiza ophunzira omwe ali ndi aphunzitsi ochepa m'deralo kapena omwe akufuna silabasi yolembedwa m'malo mwa dongosolo losavomerezeka.

Chidziwitso chokhudza kuphunzitsa chimazungulira mosamala

Maphunziro a spin alipo kuti apewe ngozi, osati kupanga zosangalatsa, ndipo kusiyana kumeneku kuyenera kupanga phunziro lililonse lomwe mumapanga. Ikani patsogolo AFM/POH ya ndege yanu kuposa njira yodziwika bwino, ndipo lembani gawo lililonse ndi mphamvu zomwezo zomwe mukuyembekezera kuchokera kwa inu. Luso, osati kudzikuza, ndi lomwe limatsogolera wophunzira kudutsa mu spin yosayembekezereka tsiku lina.

— Rainer

Konzekerani kuvomereza kwanu kuzungulira ndi Flightschoolusa

Maphunziro olimbikitsa kuyenda kwa ndege (spin endorsement training) amagwirizanitsa chiphunzitso cha maziko ndi ma briefings a AFM/POH, silabasi yoyendetsera ndege, ndi logbook yovomerezeka yomwe imakwaniritsa §61.183(i) mwachindunji.

• Magawo apansi amakhudza malamulo, ntchito ya ACS, ndi njira zobwezeretsera ndege musanakwere.
• Maulendo apaulendo amakonzedwa kuyambira pa malo oimikapo magalimoto mpaka pa ma spins oyamba mpaka pa ma training obwezeretsa zinthu zonse okhala ndi nkhani zophunzitsira zomangidwa mkati.
• Ulamuliro Wodzifufuza Umatanthauza kuti ulendo wanu woyeserera ukhoza kutsatira maphunziro popanda kuchedwa kwa nthawi yakunja.

Fufuzani Pulogalamu Yoyang'anira Ntchito ya US Airline Pilot kuti muwone momwe maphunziro othandizira ozungulira amagwirizanirana ndi CFI yonse ndi njira yantchito.

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Izi ndi zikalata zazikulu zomwe zatchulidwa mu bukhuli, zomwe ziyenera kusungidwa musanayambe ulendo wanu woyendera.

• 14 CFR §61.183 — Kukwaniritsa maphunziro a ndege, luso la ndege, ndi zilolezo.
• AC 61-67C (Sinthani 2) — Maphunziro odziwitsa anthu za malo osungira ndi kuzungulira

FAQ

Kodi ma CFI ayenera kumaliza maphunziro a spin?

Inde, ofunsira satifiketi ya mphunzitsi wa ndege yokhala ndi chiphaso cha ndege kapena glider ayenera kumaliza maphunziro ozungulira motsatira 14 CFR §61.183(i). Izi zikugwira ntchito makamaka pa ziphaso za CFI-ndege ndi CFI-glider, osati ziphaso zonse za mphunzitsi.

Kodi zofunikira ndi ziti kuti munthu avomerezedwe ndi CFI spin?

Wopemphayo ayenera kuphunzira kudziwa bwino za malo ogona, kulowa mu ndege yozungulira, kuzungulira, ndi kuchira mu ndege yovomerezeka ndi spin, kenako alandire chikalata chotsimikizira luso la maphunziro motsatira 14 CFR §61.183(i). Palibe chiwerengero chokhazikika cha kuzungulira kapena maola ophunzitsira omwe atchulidwa: muyezo ndi luso lowonetsedwa, loweruzidwa ndi mphunzitsi wovomereza.

Kodi chiphaso chovuta kwambiri kupeza ndi chiyani?

Kuvuta kumakhala kochokera pamalingaliro a woyendetsa ndege ndipo kumadalira mbiri ya woyendetsa ndege, koma satifiketi yovomerezeka ya mphunzitsi woyendetsa ndege imaonedwa kuti ndi yovuta chifukwa imafuna luso loyendetsa ndege komanso luso lophunzitsa luso limenelo pansi pa kuyang'aniridwa ndi woyesa. CFI-Airplane ACS Task I pa ma spins ndi chitsanzo chimodzi pomwe oyesa amayesa luso lophunzitsira limodzi ndi luso logwiritsa ntchito ndodo ndi chiwongolero.

Kodi lamulo la maola 8 kwa aphunzitsi oyendetsa ndege ndi lotani?

Mawu awa sakugwirizana ndi lamulo la FAA lodziwika bwino la aphunzitsi oyendetsa ndege, ndipo tanthauzo lake limasiyana malinga ndi komwe akugwiritsa ntchito. Ofuna kulembetsa ayenera kutsimikizira funso lililonse la nthawi yogwira ntchito kapena lokhudzana ndi kupuma motsutsana ndi malamulo a FAA omwe alipo m'malo mwa mawu osavomerezeka.

akulimbikitsidwa

• Phunzitsani Ma Spins, Osati Kungouluka: Maphunziro Ovomerezeka a Spin kwa Ofunsira CFI