Esi sikhokelo sigubungela iiNkqubo zokuHlala kwiZixhobo zokufika kweenqwelo-moya ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo engabonakaliyo. Funda indlela esebenza ngayo i-ILS, kubandakanya izinto ezisebenzisa indawo kunye ne-glideslope. Qonda iindidi zenkqubo (i-CAT I-III), iimfuno zoqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yexesha elizayo. Ukufunda okubalulekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abanolwazi ngeenkqubo zendlela yokuchaneka.
Isiqulatho
Ukubhabha phakathi kwenkungu, iinkqwithela, okanye imvula enkulu kuzisa imingeni enzima kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya. Xa ukubonakala kuncipha, ukufika ngokukhuselekileyo kuba nzima ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe obuchanekileyo. Kulapho ke iiNkqubo zokuHlala zezixhobo ziba yimfuneko khona. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya baxhomekeke kwi-ILS ukuba bahlale ngokuchanekileyo xa bengenakuyibona kakuhle indlela yeenqwelo-moya.
Itekhnoloji ye-ILS yavela ngeminyaka yoo-1920 njengoko iinqwelomoya zazisanda ngaphaya kokubhabha ngexesha lemozulu entle. Le nkqubo yanceda abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba bafike ngokuchanekileyo xa bengaboni kakuhle. Namhlanje, phantse zonke izikhululo zeenqwelo moya ezinkulu zisebenzisa i-ILS ukuze zifikelele ngokuchanekileyo kwaye iinkqubo zokufika.
Ngaphambi kokuba kubekho iiNkqubo zokuLanda izixhobo, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya babexhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiireferensi ezibonakalayo. Inkungu, imvula, okanye ubumnyama benza ukuba ukufika kube yingozi kakhulu. I-ILS yatshintsha indlela yokuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya ngokwenza kube lula ukufika ngokukhuselekileyo nokuba imozulu okanye ukubonakala kwantoni na.
Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kweNkqubo yokuHlaliswa kwesixhobo
Iinkqubo zokuHlala kwiZixhobo zibalulekile kwimisebenzi yokubhabha ekhuselekileyo. I-ILS igcina ukuhamba kweenqwelo moya kuhamba ngexesha lemozulu enzima. Ngaphandle kwayo, iinqwelomoya zijongene nokulibaziseka, ukuphambuka, okanye iingozi ezinokubakho.
Iingenelo eziphambili zeNkqubo zokuLanda izixhobo:
- Ukugcina ukuhamba kwezithuthi zomoya
- Ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka kwendiza
- Ukuphucula umthamo wesikhululo seenqwelomoya
- Ukuvumela ukuba iindawo zokufika zingabonakali kakuhle
- Ukubonelela ngesikhokelo esichanekileyo
- Ukuthintela ukungena kweendlela zeenqwelo moya
I-ILS iphucula umthamo wezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ngokuvumela ukuba kuhlale abantu abangabonakaliyo. Izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya zinokugcina imisebenzi izinzile ngexesha lenkungu, imvula, okanye ikhephu. Oku kunceda iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya zihlale zinenzuzo kwaye kugcina ukuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya kwihlabathi liphela kuluncedo.
Ukhuseleko lolona luphambili kwiinqwelomoya. I-ILS ikhusela kwiingozi zokufika ngesandla xa ubona kancinci. Le nkqubo inika isikhokelo esichanekileyo ecaleni nangasecaleni. Oku kuthintela iziganeko kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba kufika ngokukhuselekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Isebenza njani inkqubo yokuHlalisa izixhobo?
Kubalulekile kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ababhabhayo isixhobo iimeko zemozulu
I-Localizer → Isikhokelo Esisecaleni
IGlideslope → Isikhokelo Esithe Tye
Iibhakoni zeMaka → Isalathiso somgama
Izixhobo zeCockpit → Isikhokelo sokuBonisa
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Autopilot → Ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo
Izinto ezi-5 ezisebenzisanayo ukuze kubekho indawo ekhuselekileyo
Indima yomqhubi wenqwelomoya ekusebenziseni i-Instrument Landing Systems
Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bayazitolika kwaye basabela kwizikhokelo zeenkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo kuzo zonke iindlela. Ukubhabha ngempumelelo i-ILS kufuna ubuchule bobuchwephesha, ulwazi lwemeko, kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bahlala benoxanduva lokufika ngokukhuselekileyo nangona iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo.
Uxanduva loMlindi:
- Jonga i-localizer kunye ne-glideslope
- Londoloza isantya somoya kunye noqwalaselo
- Yenza izilungiso ezichanekileyo
- Nxibelelana ne-ATC
- Lungiselela iindlela eziphosiweyo
Abaqhubi beenqwelo moya bahlala bejonga izixhobo zekhabhathi bebonisa ulwalathiso lwe-ILS ngexesha lonke lohambo. Batolika ukuphambuka kwaye benze izilungiso ngokukhawuleza ukuze bagcine ulungelelwaniso lomgca osembindini. Izinto ezincinci zokulawula zigcina inqwelo moya ihambelana neendlela ezisecaleni nezithe nkqo.
Ulawulo loqwalaselo lweenqwelo-moya lubaluleke kakhulu xa iinkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo ezibhabhayo zisondela ngempumelelo. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya basebenzisa ii-flaps, igiya, kunye neebhuleki zesantya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezifanelekileyo. Isantya somoya esizinzileyo siqinisekisa ukusebenza kweenqwelo-moya okuqikelelweyo kulo lonke ixesha lokwehla nokufika.
Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bahlale bekulungele ukwenza iindlela ezingafanelekanga ukuba ukufika kweenqwelo-moya akubi zinzile. Ukuphakama kwesigqibo kuphawula apho abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bafuna ukudibana ngamehlo okanye kufuneka bajikeleze. Esi sigwebo sibalulekileyo sikhusela ukhuseleko xa iinkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo zingenakugqitywa.
Iintlobo zeeNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kwezixhobo
Iintlobo zeeNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kwezixhobo
Ihlelwe ngokweemfuno zokuchaneka kunye nokubonakala okuncinci
Udidi I
IDH: ≥ 200 ft
I-RVR: ≥ 1,800 ft
Icandelo II
IDH: ≥ 100 ft
I-RVR: ≥ 1,200 ft
Udidi IIIa
IDH: < 100 ft okanye kungabikho
I-RVR: ≥ 700 ft
Udidi IIIb
IDH: nanye
I-RVR: ≥ 150 ft
Udidi IIIc
IDH: nanye
I-RVR: nanye
Ukusuka kwimisebenzi yoKubonakala okuPhakathi ukuya kokuNgekho
Iinkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo zihlelwe ngokweemfuno zokuchaneka kunye nokubonakala okuncinci. I-FAA ihlela i-ILS kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili kunye nokunciphisa okuncinci kancinci. Ukuqonda ezi ndidi kunceda abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba bamisele imida yendlela kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo.
IiNkqubo eziPhambili zokuHlaliswa kweSixhobo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya
Ukuqhubela phambili kwiiNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kweSixhobo kukhokelele kuphuhliso lweempawu eziphuculweyo ezibonelela ngenkxaso enkulu ngakumbi kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya. Olu phuculo lujolise ekuphuculeni ukuthembeka, ukungafuneki, kunye nokuchaneka kwenkqubo, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi yokuhlalisa.
I-ILS ephezulu inokubandakanya iimpawu ezifana nokunyuswa kwengqibelelo yesignali, okunciphisa ukuchaphazeleka kokuphazamiseka kunye nokubonelela ngendlela yokuzinza ngakumbi. Ezinye iisistim zikwabonelela ngofakelo olungafunekiyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba enye indlela iyafumaneka xa elinye icandelo le-ILS lingaphumeleli ngexesha lesigaba esibalulekileyo sokufika.
Ezinye izinto ezintsha zijolise ekudityanisweni kwe-ILS kunye neenkqubo zokukhangela ezisekelwe kwisathelayithi, ezifana ne I-Global Positioning System (GPS). Le ndibaniselwano ivelisa isisombululo esinamandla ngakumbi sokuhamba, esinika ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo kunye nokubanakho kweendlela ezigobileyo, ezinokunciphisa ungcoliseko lwengxolo kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yomoya.
Imingeni kunye nezisombululo ekusebenziseni i-Instrument Landing Systems
Iinkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo zijongene nemingeni eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza echaphazela ukuthembeka nokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo. Abaqhubi beenqwelo moya kunye nezikhululo zeenqwelo moya kufuneka baqonde le mida kwaye basebenzise izisombululo ezisebenzayo. Ubuchwepheshe banamhlanje kunye neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zinceda ukoyisa uninzi lwemingeni enxulumene ne-ILS.
1. Ukuphazamiseka koMqondiso
Izakhiwo, umhlaba, kunye neenqwelo-moya zinokuphazamisa kakhulu imiqondiso yeenkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo. Iintaba ezikufutshane nezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya zenza iimpazamo zeendlela ezininzi ezibangela izikhokelo ezingezizo. Izixhobo zokujonga iimpawu kunye nezixhobo ezifudusiweyo zinceda ekunciphiseni ukuphazamiseka ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Ukuwohloka Okunxulumene Nemozulu
Imvula enkulu, ikhephu, kunye nezivuthuvuthu zinokwenza buthathaka okanye ziphazamise imiqondiso ye-ILS. Ukuqokelelwa komkhenkce kwi-antenna kunciphisa amandla esignali kunye nomgangatho wokudluliselwa. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwe-antenna kunye neenkqubo zokugcina idatha ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo.
3. Ukugcinwa kweZixhobo
Izixhobo ze-ILS ezisemhlabeni zifuna ukulinganiswa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kwazo ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusilela kwecandelo kunokuvala iindlela ezibangela ukuba iinqwelomoya ziphambukiswe. Iinkqubo ezingafunekiyo kunye neeshedyuli zokulungisa ezithintelayo zinciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokungasebenzi.
4. Iindleko eziphezulu zokufakela
Ukufakela iinkqubo zokufika ezipheleleyo zezixhobo kufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya. Ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo, ukulinganiswa, kunye noqeqesho kongeza iindleko ezinkulu zokusebenza. Izibonelelo zengingqi ezabelwana ngazo kunye nenkxaso-mali karhulumente kunceda izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ezincinci.
5. Ukumanyana kweTekhnoloji
Iinkqubo zesathelayithi ezintsha ezifana ne-WAAS zibonelela ngezinye iindlela endaweni ye-ILS yendabuko. Ukudibanisa ubuchwepheshe obudala nobutsha kudala imingeni yokuhambelana okwangoku. Ukuphunyezwa ngokwezigaba kuvumela utshintsho oluhamba kancinci kancinci ngelixa kugcinwa imigangatho yokhuseleko.
IiNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kwezixhobo ezichasene nezinye izixhobo zokuHlala
Ngoxa i-Instrument Landing Systems (ILS) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye isebenza kakhulu, ayiyona iteknoloji yodwa ekhoyo yokuncedisa abaqhubi ngexesha lokuhlala. Ezinye izixhobo zokuhlalisa ziquka:
I-Radar yeNdlela echanekileyo (PAR):
Le nkqubo ye-radar esekelwe kumhlaba inika isikhokelo esichanekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ngexesha lokugqibela kunye nezigaba zokufika, ezifana ne-Instrument Landing Systems. I-PAR isebenzisa izibonakaliso ze-radar ukulandelela indawo yendiza kwaye inikezela ngesikhokelo sexesha langempela kwiindawo zombini kunye nokuma okuthe nkqo, ukuqinisekisa ukuhla okuchanekileyo nokukhuselekileyo.
Inkqubo yoLwandiso oluSekelwe phantsi (i-GBAS):
I-GBAS yinkqubo yokwandisa esekwe kwisathelayithi ephucula ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kweempawu zeGPS. Ibonelela ngesikhokelo esithe nkqo nesisecaleni seendlela ezichanekileyo, ivumela iinqwelomoya ukuba zihlale ngokukhuselekileyo naphantsi kweemeko ezinzima. I-GBAS inciphisa ukuxhomekeka kuncedo lokuhamba olusekwe emhlabeni kwaye inokuxhasa iindlela zeenqwelo-moya ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
Inkqubo yoKwandiswa kweSathelayithi (i-SBAS):
I-SBAS, njenge-WAAS (i-Wide Area Augmentation System) okanye i-EGNOS (i-European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service), iphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kweempawu ze-GPS. Le nkqubo ivumela iindlela ezichanekileyo ngaphandle kwesidingo sezixhobo ezisekelwe emhlabeni. I-SBAS iluncedo ngokukhethekileyo kwimimandla apho ukufakela iinkqubo ezisekelwe emhlabeni kungenakwenzeka okanye kuthintela iindleko.
Umboniso oyiNtloko Phezulu (HUD):
Ii-HUDs ziprojekthi yolwazi olubalulekileyo lwenqwelomoya, kubandakanywa isikhokelo seeNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kwesixhobo, ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokujonga phambili yomqhubi. Le teknoloji iphakamisa ulwazi lwemeko kwaye inciphisa umthwalo wokusebenza ngexesha lokuhlala ngokuvumela abaqhubi beenqwelo moya ukuba bagcine amehlo abo egxininise kwindawo yangaphandle ngelixa befikelela idatha ebalulekileyo yenqwelomoya.
Ngelixa ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngezakhono ezahlukeneyo kunye neengenelo, iiNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kwezixhobo zihlala zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zisemgangathweni inkqubo yokuchaneka kweendlela kunye nokufika emhlabeni jikelele.
| I-Landing Aid | inkcazelo | IziBonelelo eziPhambili |
|---|---|---|
| Inkqubo yokuHlaliswa kwesixhobo (ILS) | Inkqubo esekwe emhlabeni ibonelela ngesikhokelo esithe ngqo nesithe nkqo kusetyenziswa imiqondiso yerediyo. | Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, umgangatho, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka. |
| Ukuchaneka kwendlela yeRadar (PAR) | Inkqubo ye-radar esekwe emhlabeni enikezela ngesikhokelo sexesha lokwenyani kwindlela yokugqibela kunye nokufika. | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, okuluncedo emkhosini kunye neminye imisebenzi yoluntu. |
| Inkqubo yoKwandiswa kweGround-Based (GBAS) | Yandisa imiqondiso yeGPS yeendlela ezichanekileyo kusetyenziswa ulwandiso olusekwe kwisathelayithi. | Yehlisa imfuno yoncedo olusekelwe emhlabeni, ixhasa iindlela ezininzi zokubaleka. |
| Inkqubo yeSatellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) | Ukuphucula imiqondiso yeGPS kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezifana ne-WAAS kunye ne-EGNOS kwiindlela ezichanekileyo. | Akukho zixhobo zomhlaba ezifunekayo, zilungele iindawo ezikude. |
| Umboniso wentloko-phezulu (HUD) | Iiprojekthi zolwazi lwenqwelomoya kwimbono yomqhubi wenqwelomoya, kuquka nedatha ye-ILS. | Yandisa ulwazi ngemeko, yehlisa umthwalo wokulinga umsebenzi. |
UQeqesho lokuLinga: Ukufunda ukusebenzisa iiNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kwezixhobo
Ubuchule beenkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo bufuna uqeqesho olubanzi Ukudibanisa imiyalelo yeklasi, ukuziqhelanisa nomdlalo wokulinganisa, kunye namava okubhabha. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka babonise ubuchule kwiindlela ze-ILS ezisetyenziswa ngesandla kunye nezizenzekelayo. Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo luqinisekisa iindlela ezichanekileyo nezikhuselekileyo kwiimeko zemozulu ezinzima.
Amacandelo oQeqesho:
- Isikolo samabanga aphantsi esigubungela ithiyori ye-ILS
- Ukuziqhelanisa ne-simulator kwiimeko
- Uqeqesho lokubhabha kunye nabafundisi-ntsapho
- Inkqubo yenkqubo kaxakeka
- Uvavanyo lweCheckride
- Uqeqesho oluqhubekayo
Isikolo sasezantsi sigubungela izixhobo zenkqubo yokufika, ukutolikwa kwemiqondiso, kunye neenkqubo zendlela ngokupheleleyo. Abafundi bafunda iipleyiti zendlela, ubuncinci, kunye neemfuno zokubonakala ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokukhuselekileyo imisebenzi. Ulwazi lwethiyori lubonelela ngesiseko sokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo.
Uqeqesho lwe-simulator luvumela abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ukuba baziqhelise iindlela ze-ILS kwiindawo ezilawulwayo ngokukhuselekileyo. Abafundisi-ntsapho bazisa ukusilela kwezixhobo, imingeni yemozulu, kunye neengxakeko ngaphandle komngcipheko wokwenene. Ukuziqhelanisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwakha inkumbulo yemisipha kunye nezakhono zokwenza izigqibo.
Uqeqesho lokuqhuba inqwelo moya kunye nabafundisi luqinisekisa izakhono ezifundwa kwii-simulators phantsi kweemeko zokwenyani. Abaqhubi beenqwelo moya baqhuba iindlela ezininzi kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu ukuze bakhe ubuchule. Khangela uvavanyo lwezakhono zokubhabha ngesandla kunye nolwazi lwenkqubo yeenkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo.
Ikamva leeNkqubo zokuHlaliswa kweSixhobo kwi-Aviation
Ikamva le-Instrument Landing Systems kuphapho lilungele inguqu, njengoko ubugcisa obuvelayo buthembisa ukwandisa amandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-ILS. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ekusetyenzweni komqondiso wedijithali, ukuhamba ngesathelayithi, kunye ne-automation zikhokela indlela eya kwiinkqubo zokuma eziphucukileyo nezinokomelela.
Enye yeendawo eziphambili zophuhliso kukuhlanganiswa kwe-ILS kunye ne-NextGen iinkqubo zolawulo lwezithuthi zomoya. Olu tshintsho lujolise ekudaleni indlela edibeneyo kunye nedatha eqhutywe kwisikhokelo sokufika, enokuthi ivumele ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo yomoya kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, njengoko iimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamntu (ii-UAVs) kunye nobuchwepheshe bokubhabha obuzimeleyo bufumana ukuvelela, indima ye-ILS inokwanda ukuze ikwazi ukwamkela aba bangeneli batsha kwindawo yomoya. Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-ILS ukuxhasa uluhlu oluhlukeneyo lweentlobo zeenqwelo-moya kunye neemfuno zokusebenza ziya kuba zibalulekileyo ekugcineni ukufaneleka kwayo kwi-aviation landscape.
isiphelo
Iinkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo zisabalulekile kwimisebenzi ekhuselekileyo yeenqwelo-moya kwiimeko ezingabonakaliyo kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Le teknoloji itshintshe indlela yokuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya ngokwenza kube lula iindlela ezichanekileyo xa abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bengenakubona iindlela zokuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya. Ukuqonda izinto ze-ILS, iindidi kunye neenkqubo kubalulekile kubo bonke abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abalinganiswa nezixhobo namhlanje.
Iinkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo zanamhlanje ziyaqhubeka nokutshintsha ngokwandiswa kwesathelayithi kunye nokukwazi ukufika ngokuzenzekelayo. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bagcine ubuchule ngoqeqesho oluqhelekileyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-ILS kunciphisa kakhulu iingozi kwaye kwenza ukuba kubekho ukusebenza rhoqo kwezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya unyaka wonke.
Ikamva leenkqubo zokufika kwezixhobo liquka ukuhlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe bokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya obuphambili kunye nokuzisebenzela ngokuzenzekelayo. Nangona kukho ezinye iindlela ezintsha, i-ILS iya kuhlala iyindlela esemgangathweni yehlabathi jikelele yeendlela zokuchaneka. Kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abalandela ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo, ukuqonda iinkqubo ze-ILS kuvula amathuba okubhabha ngokukhuselekileyo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Malunga Neenkqubo Zokumisa Izixhobo
Yintoni inkqubo yokufika kwezixhobo?
Inkqubo yokufika kwezixhobo yindlela echanekileyo yokunceda enika ulwalathiso olusecaleni noluthe nkqo. Isebenzisa ii-radio transmitters ezisemhlabeni ukukhokela iinqwelo-moya ukuya kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yokufika kweenqwelo-moya. I-ILS ivumela ukusebenza kwiimeko ezingabonakaliyo xa abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bengenakuzibona iindlela zokufika kweenqwelo-moya.
Zingaphi iindidi ze-ILS ezikhoyo?
Kukho iindidi ezintlanu eziphambili ze-ILS: i-CAT I, i-II, i-IIIa, i-IIIb, kunye ne-IIIc. Udidi ngalunye luneemfuno zokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu kunye nokubonakala okuphantsi kwimisebenzi. Iindidi eziphezulu zifuna izixhobo zeenqwelo-moya eziphucukileyo kunye noqeqesho olukhethekileyo lomqhubi wenqwelo-moya.
Ziziphi izinto eziphambili ze-ILS?
Izinto eziphambili ziquka i-localizer yesikhokelo esisecaleni kunye ne-glideslope yesikhokelo esithe nkqo. Ii-marker beacons zibonelela ngolwazi lomgama ecaleni kwendlela eya kwindlela yeenqwelo moya. Izixhobo zokwamkela iinqwelomoya kunye nezixhobo ze-cockpit zibonisa olu lwazi lwesikhokelo kubaqhubi beenqwelo moya.
Ngaba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bangafika besebenzisa i-ILS kuphela ngaphandle kokubona indlela yeenqwelo-moya?
I-ILS yodidi lwesithathu ivumela ukufika ngeemeko zokubonakala eziphantsi kakhulu okanye ezingabonakaliyo. I-CAT IIIc ivumela ukufika ngokuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokujonga iindlela zeenqwelo moya. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwemisebenzi lufuna ukudibana okubonakalayo kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngaphambi kokuba kufike.
Uqeqesho lwe-ILS luthatha ixesha elingakanani kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya?
Ubude boqeqesho lwe-ILS buyahluka ngokusekelwe kumava omqhubi wenqwelo moya kunye neemfuno zovavanyo. Uqeqesho lokuqala lovavanyo lwezixhobo luthatha iinyanga ezi-2-4 kuquka ixesha lokufunda esikolweni kunye nexesha lokubhabha. Uqeqesho oluphindaphindwayo lwenzeka minyaka le ukuze kugcinwe ubuchule kunye nendlela yokusebenza kwiinkqubo.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba izixhobo ze-ILS ziyasilela ngexesha lokusebenza?
Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya benza inkqubo yokufika apho baphoswe khona baze banyuke baye kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Banokuzama enye indlela besebenzisa iinkqubo zokukhangela ezixhasayo okanye ezinye izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya. Iinqwelo-moya zanamhlanje zineenkqubo ezingafunekiyo zokuthintela ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo kwesikhokelo.
Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neKhosi yeSikolo saBucala esiLingayo.
