A umqhubi wezorhwebo ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya oqeqeshiweyo ogunyaziswe ukuba abhabhe abakhweli okanye imithwalo ukuze afumane imbuyekezo. Umsebenzi ubonelela ngamathuba anomdla kwimisebenzi yeenqwelomoya, iitshatha zabucala, uthutho lwempahla, kunye nemimandla ekhethekileyo efana nokucinywa komlilo emoyeni kunye nokufuduswa kwezonyango. Ne imfuno yehlabathi yabaqhubi beenqwelomoya iyenyuka, ngoku lelona xesha libalaseleyo lokulandela ikhondo lomsebenzi wokubhabha ngenqwelomoya. Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wezorhwebo.
Ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya kufuna uqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo, iziqinisekiso, kunye namava okubhabha. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukufumana iLayisensi yokuLingwa kwaBucala (i-PPL), iNqanaba leSixhobo (IR), kunye neLayisensi yokuLinga iRhwebo (CPL), elandelwa kukuqokelelwa kweeyure zenqwelo-moya ze-1,500 ukuze ulungele ukufumana iSatifikethi sokuLinga i-Airline Transport (ATP). Ngelixa uhambo lufuna ukuzinikela kunye notyalo-mali lwezemali, lukhokelela kwikhondo elinomvuzo omkhulu elinomvuzo obalaseleyo kunye nokhuseleko lomsebenzi.
Esi Sikhokelo soMsebenzi sibonelela ngenyathelo ngenyathelo lendlela yendlela yokuba ngumqhubi worhwebo, oquka:
Ukuqonda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo kubalulekile kwabo banqwenela ukuba ngabakhweli beenqwelo-moya abafuna umsebenzi owanelisayo kwinqwelomoya.
- Inkqubo yoqeqesho kunye nelayisenisi ukusuka kumqhubi wenqwelomoya ukuya kwinqwelomoya yorhwebo
- Iindleko, ubude bexesha loqeqesho, kunye nokhetho lokuxhasa ngemali
- Izikolo eziphambili ngenqwelomoya kunye neendlela zekhondo lomsebenzi ukuya kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi kunye nezikhulu
- Imbonakalo yomsebenzi, ulindelo lwemivuzo, kunye nemfuno yoshishino
Ukuba ukulungele ukunduluka kuhambo lwakho lophapho, esi sikhokelo siya kukuxhobisa ngayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Indlela yokuba nguMqali weRhwebo: Ukuqonda indima
Ukuqonda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya kuqala ekwazini ukuba indima ibandakanya ntoni na. Umqhubi wenqwelo-moya yingcali enikwe ilayisenisi egunyazisiweyo ukuba iqhube inqwelo-moya ukuze ifumane imbuyekezo. Uxanduva lwabo lubandakanya ukulawula imisebenzi yendiza, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomkhweli okanye umthwalo, kunye nokuhamba phantsi kokubonwayo kunye imithetho yokubhabha kwesixhobo. Bakwanxibelelana nolawulo lwendlela yokuhamba emoyeni, bajonge iimeko zemozulu, kwaye baphathe uhlengahlengiso kwinqwelomoya njengoko kufuneka.
Umahluko ophambili xa ufunda ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya wezorhwebo ngumahluko phakathi korhwebo kunye nomqhubi wenqwelomoya. Umqhubi worhwebo ubamba a Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokuqhuba (CPL), ebavumela ukuba basebenze kwiinkonzo zokuqesha, kwiinqwelomoya zabucala, kunye nothutho lwempahla. Umqhubi wenqwelomoya kufuneka afumane i Isatifikethi sokuLinga uThutho lweenqwelomoya (ATP)., eyisinyanzelo sokubhabha inqwelomoya enkulu yabahambi kwiindlela ezicwangcisiweyo zenqwelomoya.
Iindlela zeCareer for Commercial Pilot
Ukuqonda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya kukwabandakanya ukuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abaninzi baqala imisebenzi yabo ngaphandle kweshishini leenqwelomoya, befumana amava kuphapho lweshishini, imisebenzi yempahla, kunye neenkonzo zasemoyeni.
Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abamanyanisiweyo babhabhisa iijethi zabucala kubaphathi, ngelixa abaqhubi bempahla bethutha imithwalo kwiinkampani zolungiselelo. Abanye abaqhubi beenqwelomoya basebenza kumacandelo akhethekileyo ophapho afana nomyalelo wokubhabha, ukucima umlilo emoyeni, okanye ukufuduswa kwezonyango. Ezi ndlela zingezinye zibonelela ngamava okubhabha abalulekileyo, ahlala ekhokelela kwimisebenzi yenqwelomoya.
Ungaba njani nguMqali weRhwebo: ISikhokelo seNyathelo neNyathelo
Nabani na ophanda ngendlela yokuba ngumqhubi wezorhwebo kufuneka aqonde inkqubo yoqeqesho ecwangcisiweyo. Uhambo luqala ngokufumana iLayisensi yokuLingwa kwaBucala (i-PPL), ilandelwa yiNxibelelaniso yeSixhobo (IR) kunye neLayisensi yokuLinga iRhwebo (CPL). Emva kokufumana i-CPL, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka baqokelele iiyure ze-flight ze-1,500 ukuze bafaneleke ukufumana iSatifikethi sokuQalwa kwe-Airline Transport pilot (ATP). Xa sele beqinisekisiwe, banokufaka izicelo zenqwelomoya okanye imisebenzi yenqwelo moya yorhwebo.
Ixesha elibekiweyo lendlela yokuba ngumqhubi worhwebo liyahluka ngokusekwe kwindlela yoqeqesho ekhethiweyo. Abafundi bexesha elizeleyo besikolo sokuhamba ngenqwelomoya banokulugqiba uqeqesho kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18, ngelixa iinkqubo zenqwelomoya zaseyunivesithi zithatha iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine. Emva kokufumana i-CPL, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bachitha unyaka owongezelelweyo omnye ukuya kwemithathu besakha iiyure zokubhabha, ngokufuthi njengabahlohli ngenqwelomoya okanye kwezinye iindima zokubhabha. Uhambo olupheleleyo ukusuka kumqhubi womfundi ukuya kumqhubi wenqwelo-moya osele ukulungele ukurhweba kuthatha malunga neminyaka emibini ukuya kwemihlanu.
Iindleko zokuba nguMqali weRhwebo kunye noKhetho loNcedo lwezeMali
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuqonda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wezorhwebo kukuvavanya utyalo-mali lwemali. Iindleko zoqeqesho ziqala kwi-60,000 yeedola ukuya kwi-100,000 yeedola, ngokuxhomekeke kwisikolo sokubhabha, uhlobo lwenqwelomoya, kunye nendawo. Iindleko ziquka iLayisensi yokuLingwa kwaBucala, ukuKalwa kweSixhobo, iLayisensi yokuLinga uRhwebo, ukuKalwa kweeNjini ezininzi (ukuba kuyafuneka), kunye neentlawulo zeSiqinisekiso se-ATP.
Ukunciphisa iindleko, abanqwenelekayo babaqhubi beenqwelomoya banokuphonononga ukufundiswa kwenqwelomoya, inkxaso-mali yesikolo senqwelomoya, kunye neenkqubo zembuyiselo yezifundo ezibonelelwa ziinqwelomoya. Iinketho zoncedo lwemali zinceda ukwenza uqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelomoya lufikeleleke ngakumbi, luvumela abafundi ukuba bagxile kwimisebenzi yabo yokubhabha ngaphandle komthwalo onzima wemali.
Inyathelo loku-1: Ungaba nguMkhweli woRhwebo-Ukuhlangabezana neeMfuno zokufaneleka
Inyathelo lokuqala lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya kukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlangabezana nemigaqo efunekayo yokufaneleka. Ukuze ulungele ukufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga iRhwebo (CPL), umviwa kufuneka abe neminyaka eli-18 ubuncinane kwaye abe nediploma yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ngelixa isidanga sasekholejini singanyanzeliswanga, ezinye iinqwelomoya zikhetha abaviwa abanedigri ezinxulumene nokuhamba ngenqwelomoya.
Ubuchule besiNgesi bubalulekile, njengoko Ulawulo lwezoLawulo lwezoPhapho (i-FAA) ifuna bonke abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya babonise ukutyibilika kwisiNgesi esithethwayo nesibhalwayo. Oku kuqinisekisa unxibelelwano olucacileyo kunye nolawulo lokuhamba emoyeni kunye nabasebenzi beenqwelo-moya.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Ungaba njani nguMqali weRhwebo-Isiqinisekiso soNyango esiFunwayo
Phambi kokuba baqalise uqeqesho lokubhabha, abanqwenelekayo babaqhubi beenqwelomoya kufuneka bafumane isatifikethi sikagqirha se-FAA. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba bayahlangabezana neemfuno zempilo nezomzimba ukuze baqhube inqwelomoya ngokukhuselekileyo. Uviwo lwezonyango luqhutywa yi-FAA-egunyazisiweyo ye-Aviation Medical Examiner (AME).
Kukho izatifikethi ezibini eziphambili zonyango ezifanelekileyo kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya. I Isatifikethi soNyango seKlasi yokuQala ifuneka kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zeenqwelomoya kwaye isemthethweni kangangeenyanga ezili-12 kwabo bangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. I Isatifikethi soNyango seKlasi yesiBini yanele kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abangabhabheliyo kwiinqwelo-moya, njengabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abamanyanisiweyo okanye abaqeshiweyo.
Ukucwangcisa uviwo lwezonyango kwangoko kwinkqubo yoqeqesho kunceda abaqhubi bachonge naziphi na iimeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela amandla abo okufumana ilayisenisi yorhwebo.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Ungaba nguMqali weRhwebo njani-uQeqesho lokuQalisa uBucala
Uhambo lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya luqala ngokufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga yaBucala (PPL). Esi sisiseko salo lonke uqeqesho lokubhabha, ukubonelela ngezakhono eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwenqwelomoya, ukuhamba ngenqanawa, kunye neenkqubo zikaxakeka.
Ukuze ulungele ukufumana i-PPL, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bagqibe ubuncinane iiyure ze-flight ze-40, nangona uninzi lufuna uqheliselo olongezelelweyo ukuze baphumelele ukukhangela. Uqeqesho lubandakanya isikolo samabanga aphantsi, izifundo zokubhabha kunye nomqeqeshi, amava okubhabha yedwa, kunye novavanyo lokugqibela lweFAA.
I-PPL ivumela abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ukuba babhabhe ngendlela yokuzonwabisa kodwa ayibavumeli ukuba bafumane imbuyekezo ngokubhabha. Isebenza njengenyathelo lokuqala eliphambili elibhekiselele kumsebenzi wokulinga urhwebo.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Ungaba nguMkhweli woRhwebo njani-Ilayisensi yoRhwebo kunye namava eFlight
Emva kokufumana i-PPL, inyathelo elilandelayo lendlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya kurhwebo kukufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga iRhwebo (CPL). I-FAA ifuna ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-250 zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, kuquka ixesha elichithwe kuqhutywa iintshukumo eziphambili kunye noqeqesho oluntsonkothileyo lwenqwelomoya.
Inkqubo ye-CPL ibandakanya ukufunda iindlela ezichanekileyo zokubhabha, ukusebenza ebusuku, kunye neenkqubo zongxamiseko. Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya kufuneka babonise ubuchule kwiinqwelomoya ezinqumla ilizwe kunye nesixhobo sokubhabha.
Ukuze bafanelekele imisebenzi yenqwelo moya, abaqhubi beenqwelo moya kufuneka bakhe iiyure ezongezelelweyo zokubhabha. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaninzi basebenza njengabaQondisi beeNqwelo-moya abaQinisekisiweyo (ii-CFIs), abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zokutsala ibhena, okanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abatsibayo be-skydive ukuze baqokelele iiyure eziyi-1,500 ezifunekayo zeSatifikethi sokuQalwa kweNqwelo-moya (ATP).
Inyathelo lesi-5: Ungaba nguMkhweli kaNjani woRhwebo-IsiQinisekiso soMqhubi wezoThutho lweenqwelomoya (ATP)
Inyathelo lokugqibela lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya kwishishini leenqwelomoya kukufumana iSatifikethi sokuLinga iNqwelo yeenqwelomoya (ATP). I-ATP lelona nqanaba liphezulu lesatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelomoya kwaye ifuneka kuwo onke amaGosa okuQala eenqwelo moya.
Ukuze bafaneleke, abaqhubi beenqwelomoya kufuneka bahlangabezane nemfuneko yexesha lokubhabha ye-FAA yeeyure ezili-1,500, nangona iinkqubo ezithile zophapho zaseyunivesithi zibonelela I-ATP eyehlisiwe (R-ATP) indlela, evumela abaqhubi beenqwelomoya ukuba bafaneleke ngeeyure ezimbalwa njenge-1,000.
Inkqubo yoqeqesho ye-ATP ibandakanya i-aerodynamics ephucukileyo, ukusebenza kweenjini ezininzi, kunye neenkqubo ezithe ngqo kwinqwelomoya. Emva kokuphumelela iimvavanyo ezibhaliweyo nezisebenzayo ze-ATP, abaqhubi beenqwelomoya banelungelo lokufaka izicelo zezikhundla zengingqi kunye nezikhulu zenqwelomoya.
Kuxabisa malini ukuba nguMqali weRhwebo?
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ufunda ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo lixabiso loqeqesho lokubhabha. Ukuba ngumqhubi wezorhwebo kufuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo lwemali, kunye neendleko zoqeqesho zizonke eziqala phakathi kwe-$60,000 kunye ne-$100,000 ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yoqeqesho, indawo, kunye nohlobo lwesikolo sokubhabha.
Ukwahlulwahlulwa kweeNdleko eziZikhulu
Ixabiso lilonke lokuba ngumqhubi wezorhwebo limiselwa ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo oqeqesho, ngalinye lineseti yalo yentlawulo. Ngezantsi luqikelelo locazululo:
Iindleko zeLayisensi yokuLingwa kwaBucala (PPL).
ILayisensi yokuLawula inqwelomoya (PPL) linyathelo lokuqala kuqeqesho lokubhabha. Ngokomyinge, iindleko ze-PPL phakathi kwe-$ 10,000 kunye ne-$ 18,000, ngokuxhomekeke kwinani leeyure zenqwelomoya ezifunekayo, iindleko zepetroli, kunye neentlawulo zomqeqeshi.
Ixabiso leRhafu yesixhobo
Emva kokufumana i-PPL, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bafumane i-Instrument Rating (IR) ukuze babhabhe kwiimeko ezisezantsi zokubonakala. Iindleko ze-IR ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala phakathi kwe-$ 8,000 kunye ne-12,000 yeedola, kuquka neeyure zokubhabha, uqeqesho lwe-simulator, kunye neentlawulo zokuvavanya.
Iindleko zeLayisensi yokuLinga uRhwebo (CPL).
Inyathelo elilandelayo kukufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga iCommercial Pilot (CPL), efuna ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-250 zizonke. Uqeqesho lweCPL luxabisa phakathi kwe-$25,000 kunye ne-35,000 yeedola, kuxhomekeke kwinqwelomoya esetyenziswayo kunye neentlawulo zomqeqeshi.
UQeqesho lwe-ATP kunye neendleko zeSiqinisekiso
Ukuze bafanelekele imisebenzi yeenqwelo-moya, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bafumane iSatifikethi sokuQalwa kweenqwelo-moya (ATP), esifuna iiyure ezili-1,500 zizonke. Uqeqesho lwe-ATP, kubandakanywa ukulinganiswa kohlobo lwenqwelomoya ethile, kubiza phakathi kwe-5,000 kunye ne-20,000 yeedola. Ezinye iinqwelomoya zengingqi zibonelela ngenkxaso-mali ye-ATP-CTP, ukunciphisa iindleko kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abagqibezela uqeqesho lwabo ngezikolo zenqwelomoya zamahlakani.
Iinketho zoNcedo lwezeMali kuQeqesho lokuLinga uRhwebo
Ekubeni uqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya lubiza imali eninzi, abaninzi abanqwenela ukuba ngabaqhubi bafune iindlela zokunceda ngemali ukuze banciphise iindleko. Iinketho ezininzi zenkxaso-mali ziyafumaneka:
- Ukufundiswa kwe-Aviation: Imibutho efana I-AOPA, Abasetyhini kwi-Aviation, yaye EAA nikela ngemali yokufunda kubafundi abaqhubi beenqwelomoya.
- Imali-mboleko yabafundi: Ezinye izikolo zohambo ngenqwelomoya zisebenzisana namaziko emali ukuze zibonelele ngeenkqubo zemali-mboleko engqamene nokuhamba ngenqwelomoya.
- Imbuyekezo yesifundo senqwelomoya: Ezinye iinqwelomoya zengingqi zibonelela ngeenkqubo zembuyiselo yemfundo kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya abazibophelele ekuzilungiseleleni ngenqwelomoya emva koqeqesho.
- IiNzuzo zeBhili yeGI: Amagqala omkhosi angakulungela ukufumana uqeqesho ngenqwelomoya oluxhaswa ngemali ngurhulumente ngezikolo zenqwelomoya ezivunywe yi-VA.
Ucwangciso lwezemali ngononophelo lunokunceda abafundi balawule iindleko zoqeqesho ngokufanelekileyo ngelixa beqhubela phambili besiya kwikhondo lomsebenzi wokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Izikolo eziBalaseleyo ngeFlight zoQeqesho lokuLinga uRhwebo
Ukukhetha isikolo esifanelekileyo ngenqwelomoya linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya. Ukhetho phakathi kweSigaba 61 kunye neSigaba 141 sezikolo zohambo ngenqwelomoya, kunye neenkqubo zohambo ngenqwelomoya zaseyunivesithi vs. Florida Flyers Flight Academy, inokuchaphazela umgangatho woqeqesho, ubude bexesha, kunye neendleko zizonke.
Ukukhetha phakathi kweCandelo 61 vs. Icandelo 141 Izikolo zeFlight
I-FAA ihlela izikolo ngenqwelomoya ukuba zibe Icandelo 61 kunye neCandelo 141 iinkqubo, nganye ineenzuzo ezahlukeneyo:
- Icandelo 61 Izikolo zeFlight: Nika ishedyuli yoqeqesho eguquguqukayo kwaye uvumele abafundi ukuba baqhubele phambili ngesantya sabo. Ilungele abafundi abalinganisa uqeqesho lokubhabha kunye nomsebenzi okanye ikholeji.
- Icandelo 141 Izikolo zeFlight: Landela ikharityhulam evunyiweyo ye-FAA, evumela abafundi ukuba bagqibe uqeqesho ngokukhawuleza. Iinkqubo ezininzi zeSigaba 141 zifanelekela ukuncitshiswa kweemfuno zeyure yokubhabha kwisatifikethi se-ATP.
Zombini ezi ntlobo zezikolo zibonelela ngeelayisenisi kunye namanqaku afanayo, kodwa uqeqesho lweCandelo 141 luhlala lukhethwa kwabo baceba ukutshintshela kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya ngokukhawuleza.
IiNkqubo zoPhapho kwiYunivesithi ngokuchasene neZikolo zeFlight eziZimeleyo
Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abanomdla banokukhetha phakathi kweenkqubo zenqwelomoya ezihambelana neyunivesiti okanye izikolo zenqwelomoya ezizimeleyo.
- IiNkqubo zoPhapho kwiYunivesithi: Ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngoqeqesho lokubhabha olusekwe kwisidanga, rhoqo ngezifundo ezivunyiweyo zeSigaba 141. Izikolo ezifana ne-Embry-Riddle, i-Purdue, kunye ne-UND zibonelela ngoqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo olunendlela enokubakho kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi. Nangona kunjalo, zivame ukubiza kakhulu kwaye zichitha ixesha (iminyaka emi-3-4).
- Izikolo zeFlight eziZimeleyo: Ezi zikolo zibonelela ngoqeqesho olukhawulezayo nolugxile ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokufumana isidanga sasekholejini. Izikolo ezifana ne Florida Flyers Flight Academy jongana noqeqesho olukhawulezileyo lokulinga urhwebo.
Izikolo eziPhezulu zase-US kunye nezaMazwe ngaMazwe zoQeqesho lokuLinga uRhwebo
Izikolo ezininzi zohambo ngenqwelomoya ezikumgangatho ophezulu zibonelela ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho ezibanzi kwabo banqwenela abaqhubi beenqwelo moya:
Izikolo eziphezulu zeFlight zase-US
- Florida Flyers Flight Academy -Ibonelela ngeenkqubo zokulingwa zeenqwelomoya ezikhawulezayo ezinokhetho lwenkxaso-mali kwaye idumile phakathi kwabafundi bamazwe aphesheya abalandela iilayisensi zeFAA.
- IYunivesithi yeAeronautical Embry-Riddle – IYunivesithi yezoPhapho yeNkulumbuso eneshishini elomeleleyo.
- IYunivesithi yaseMntla Dakota (UND) – Ibonelela ngezidanga ezicwangcisiweyo zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngentsebenziswano eyomeleleyo yenqwelomoya.
- I-Phoenix East Aviation (PEA) -Idumile phakathi kwabafundi bamazwe aphesheya abalandela iilayisensi zeFAA.
Izikolo eziPhezulu zeFlight zaMazwe ngaMazwe
- I-CAE Aviation Academy (Global) -Umboneleli woqeqesho lwenqwelomoya okumgangatho ophezulu oneendawo eYurophu, eAsia, nakuMntla Melika.
- I-Oxford Aviation Academy (UK & Europe) -Inikezela ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho ezicwangcisiweyo zemisebenzi yenqwelomoya yaseYurophu.
- I-CAE Dubai Aviation Academy (UAE) -Isebenza ngobuchule kuqeqesho lokulinga imisebenzi yenqwelo moya kuMbindi Mpuma.
- Florida Flyers Flight Academy India (India) -Iziko loqeqesho elivunyiweyo le-DGCA ngenqwelomoya.
Ukukhetha esona sikolo sihamba ngenqwelomoya sixhomekeke kwiinjongo zomsebenzi, ibhajethi, kunye nokhetho loqeqesho. Abo bajolise kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi banokuzuza kubuhlakani beyunivesithi, ngelixa abo bafuna uqeqesho olukhawulezayo benokukhetha izikolo ezikhawulezayo zokubhabha.
Ungaba njani nguMkhweli woRhwebo kunye nokuPhambili kwiNdlela yokuSebenza yeNqwelomoya
Omnye weyona mibuzo ixhaphakileyo phakathi kwabafuna ukubhabha ngenqwelomoya kukuba ungaba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo njani kwaye uqhubele phambili nomsebenzi wenqwelomoya. Uhambo luqala ngokufumana iLayisensi yokuLinga iRhwebo (i-CPL), kulandele ukuqokelela iiyure zenqwelo-moya ezili-1,500 ezifunekayo kwiSatifikethi sokuQalwa kweNqwelo yeNqwelo-moya (ATP).
Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya bafumana amava okubhabha ngomyalelo wokubhabha, ukutsalwa kwebhena, ukufota emoyeni, okanye ukubhabha kwempahla phambi kokuba bafaneleke kwizikhundla zenqwelomoya. Nje ukuba bahlangabezane neemfuno zeyure yokubhabha, bafaka izicelo kwiinqwelomoya zengingqi, apho bangena khona iikhosi ze-ATP-CTP (iNkqubo yoQeqesho lweSiqinisekiso soQeqesho lwezoThutho lwezoThutho) kunye nohlobo oluthile lwenqwelo-moya.
Ungaba njani nguMqali weRhwebo ngeNkqubo yeKhadethi yeAirline
Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abanomdla abafuna i indlela ethe ngqo kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya fanele sicinge iinkqubo zecadet, elungelelanisa inkqubo yendlela yokuba ngumlinge worhwebo ngelixa ufumana amathuba engqesho kwangethuba. Iinqwelomoya ezinkulu zibonelela iindlela zoqeqesho ezicwangcisiweyo njenge I-United Aviate, i-Delta Propel, kunye neNkqubo ye-SkyWest Cadet, ezibonelela ngengcebiso, iinketho zemali, kunye nodliwano-ndlebe oluqinisekisiweyo.
Ungaba njani nguMqali weRhwebo kunye nokuPhumela phambili kuKapteni
Emva kokuba liGosa lokuQala kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya sommandla, abaqhubi beenqwelomoya baqhubela phambili ukuya kuKapteni phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5, kuxhomekeke ekukhuleni kwenqwelo-moya kunye nomhlalaphantsi wokulingwa. Abaphathi bamkela imivuzo ephezulu, banoxanduva olukhulu lobunkokeli, kwaye banokuqhubela phambili kwiinqwelomoya ezinkulu ezifana neDelta, United, kunye neAmerican Airlines.
Ngolwazi olwaneleyo lwenqwelomoya ye-injini kunye nobukhulu, abaqhubi beenqwelomoya banokujonga ezinye iindlela, ezinje ngenqwelomoya yenkampani, iinqwelomoya zempahla, kunye nabathwali bamanye amazwe, kuxhomekeke kwiinjongo zabo zomsebenzi.
Ishishini lenqwelomoya lisebenza ngokwenkqubela-phambili esekwe kwizikhundla eziphezulu, okuthetha ukuba ngokukhawuleza umqhubi wenqwelo-moya eqala inkqubo yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya, kokukhona izibonelelo zabo zexesha elide zengqesho.
Ungaba njani nguMqali weRhwebo: Umvuzo kunye neNjongo yomsebenzi
Ukuqonda okulindelweyo kwimivuzo kubalulekile xa kusenziwa uphando ngendlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya. Imivuzo iyahluka ngokusekelwe kumava, uhlobo lwenqwelomoya, kunye nomqeshi.
- Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abakwinqanaba lokungena, njengabaQondisi beeNqwelo-moya abaQinisekisiweyo (ii-CFIs) okanye abaqhubi bee-charter pilot, ngokuqhelekileyo bafumana i-$ 30,000 ukuya kwi-$ 50,000 ngonyaka.
- Inqwelo moya yeNgingqi Amagosa okuQala aqala kwi-50,000 yeedola ukuya kwi-80,000 yeedola ngonyaka, ngokunyuka okubalulekileyo emva konyaka wokuqala.
- Iinkampani ezinkulu zeenqwelomoya iiKapteni zinokufumana ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-300,000 ngonyaka, ngakumbi ezo ndlela zibhabhayo zamazwe ngamazwe okanye iinqwelomoya ezinomzimba obanzi.
Abanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abamanyanisiweyo kunye neenqwelo-moya ezithwala imithwalo IiKhapteni zikwafumana imivuzo ekhuphisanayo enamanani amathandathu, ehlala igqitha leyo yabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zabakhweli ngenxa yemfuno yoshishino.
Ukukhetha eyona ndlela ilungileyo yoMsebenzi
Xa ucinga ngendlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya, kubalulekile ukuvavanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. Iinqwelomoya zengingqi ngokubanzi zibonelela ngemivuzo ephantsi yokuqala kodwa zisebenza njengamatye okunyathela kwiindawo ezihlawula kakhulu kwinqwelomoya.
Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ababhabha kwi-FedEx, UPS, kunye ne-DHL bahlala befumana ngaphezulu kwabaqhubi beenqwelomoya zeenqwelomoya, ngakumbi kwinqanaba likaKapteni. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abashishineyo ababhabha iijethi zabucala kubantu abanexabiso eliphezulu nabo banokuyalela imivuzo enengeniso, nangona iishedyuli kunye nokuzinza komsebenzi kusenokwahluka.
Ukuthatha iAdvanteji yeMfuno yeShishini
Imfuno yabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya iyanda kwihlabathi liphela, yenza ngoku elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokufunda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya. Iinqwelomoya zijongene nokunqongophala komqhubi wenqwelomoya ngenxa yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi, ukunyuka kokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, kunye nokwandisa iinqwelo-moya.
The US Bureau of Statistics Labor iiprojekthi zesantya sokukhula kwemisebenzi esisi-6% kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya nabaqhubi bezorhwebo kule minyaka ilishumi izayo, ngeyona mfuno inamandla kuMntla Merika, eAsia, nakuMbindi Mpuma.
Abo bagqibezela uqeqesho lwabo kwangethuba kwaye bacwangcise ngobuchule imisebenzi yabo baya kuxhamla kwimivuzo ephezulu, ukhuseleko lomsebenzi, kunye nokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwekhondo lomsebenzi. Ukuqonda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo kunye nokukhetha eyona ndlela yoqeqesho yeyona nto ingundoqo ekwandiseni impumelelo yexesha elide kuphapho.
isiphelo
Ukuqonda indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo linyathelo lokuqala elikhokelela kumsebenzi onemivuzo kuphapho. Uhambo luqala ngokufumana iLayisensi yokuLingwa kwaBucala (i-PPL), ilandelwa yiNxibelelaniso yeSixhobo (IR) kunye neLayisensi yokuLinga iRhwebo (CPL). Ukusuka apho, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka bakhe iiyure zohambo-moya-kaninzi njengabahlohli ngenqwelo-moya okanye abaqhubi bee-charter pilot-ngaphambi kokuba bafanelekele ukufumana iSatifikethi sokuQalwa kweNqwelo-moya ye-Airline (ATP).
Kwabo bajonge ukukhawulezisa umsebenzi wabo wokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, iinkqubo ze-cadet zenqwelomoya zibonelela ngeendlela ezicwangcisiweyo zokucebisa, uncedo lwemali, kunye namathuba odliwano-ndlebe aqinisekisiweyo. Ukukhetha isikolo sokubhabha esifanelekileyo njenge Florida Flyers Flight Academy—enoba siSigaba 61 okanye inkqubo ye-141, isidanga senqwelomoya saseyunivesithi, okanye iakhademi yokubhabha ezimeleyo—idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni umkhondo wekhondo lomsebenzi womqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Kuba uqeqesho lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya lufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu lwezemali, abanqwenelekayo babaqhubi beenqwelomoya kufuneka baphonononge izifundi zokubhabha ngenqwelomoya, iinkqubo zembuyiselo yezifundo, kunye nokukhetha imali-mboleko ukwenza uqeqesho lufikeleleke ngakumbi. Ukucwangcisa imali ngononophelo kunokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko ngelixa uvumela abafundi ukuba bagxile kuqeqesho lwabo kunye neenjongo zabo zomsebenzi.
Ngokunyuka kwemfuno yomqhubi wenqwelomoya, ngoku lelona xesha lilungileyo lokuqalisa uhambo olusingise ekubeni ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya oyingcali. Ngokuthatha inyathelo lokuqala loqeqesho lokubhabha namhlanje, abanqwenelekayo babaqhubi beenqwelomoya banokukhusela ukukhula komsebenzi wexesha elide, imivuzo ekhuphisanayo, kunye namathuba ngeenqwelomoya ezinkulu. Abo bazibophelela kwangethuba, bahlale beqeqeshekile, kwaye benze ukhetho loqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo bayakonwabela umsebenzi wenqwelomoya ozinzileyo nonelisayo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokwenza uguqulo lwelayisensi yokulinga yangaphandle ngamanyathelo ama-4.
