I-Cessna 172S: Isikhokelo sokugqibela kwiNqwelo-moya yoMfundi yokuLinga

Yeyiphi eyona Cessna yoQeqesho ngeFlight?

Ngaphambi kokuba nawuphi na umqhubi achukumise ulawulo lwejethi yorhwebo, aqala ngento encinane. Into elula. Into engayi kuxolela imikhwa emibi kodwa iya kukufundisa indlela yokuyiphepha.

Yiyo leyo I-Cessna 172S.

Ayiyiyo eyona nqwelo-moya ikhawulezayo. Ayiyiyo eyona nto iphambili. Kodwa iye yaqeqesha abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaninzi kunayo nayiphi na enye inqwelo-moya embalini. Kwaye kukho isizathu izikolo zokubhabha kwihlabathi jikelele libuyela kuyo.

I-Cessna 172S ayisiyiyo nje inqwelomoya yoqeqesho. Yintsika yemfundo ngeenqwelomoya. Kwesi sikhokelo, siza kucazulula kanye ukuba yintoni eyenza lo mqeqeshi we-injini enye athembeke kangaka, kutheni eqhubeka nokubumba iinkqubo zoqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelomoya kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye kutheni, ukuba uzimisele ngokubhabha, kulapho ibali lakho liqala khona.

Yintoni iCessna 172S

Yisihlalo esine, umqeqeshi we-injini enye kunye nephiko eliphezulu kunye nodumo oluzithethayo.

Yakhiwa okokuqala ngo-1956, i Cessna 172 ibikwimveliso eqhubekayo ixesha elide kunayo nayiphi na inqwelomoya embalini. I 172S luhlobo lwale mihla, olusulungekileyo nohlaziywayo, kodwa lusakhiwe kwisiseko esiluqilima selitye esijike abafundi babe ngabaqhubi beenqwelomoya kangangamashumi eminyaka.

Hamba uye kutsho kwenye kwitarmac kwaye awuyi kuchukunyiswa bubungakanani bayo okanye isantya. Ixinene, ithe ngqo, kwaye ayinabunewunewu obungeyomfuneko. Kodwa hlala kwi-cockpit, yitshise loo nto Injini yokuphuma, kwaye uya kuqonda ukuba kutheni le nqwelomoya ibe linyathelo lokuqala elimiselweyo kuphapho.

Uzinzile emoyeni, unokuxelwa kwangaphambili kulawulo, kwaye uyaxolela xa wenze iimpazamo. Kwaye uya kubenza. Nantso ke ingongoma. I-Cessna 172S ayizami ukuba yiyo yonke into. Igxininisa ekubeni ngoyena ubalaseleyo kwinto enye, ikufundisa indlela yokubhabha.

Ibiwenza loo msebenzi, ibhabha emva kokubhabha, ekubeni ngaphambi kokuba uninzi lwabaqhubi banamhlanje bazalwe.

Ukuyila nokwakha umgangatho

I-Cessna 172S ayizange yenzelwe ukujika iintloko. Yayiyilelwe ukuba ihlale ixesha elide.

Ubume bephiko eliphezulu. Zonke isinyithi i-airframe. Isixhobo sokuhlalisa i-tricycle esisigxina. Akukho nto malunga nayo ekhalayo entsha, kwaye yile ngongoma kanye. Le nqwelomoya yakhiwe malunga nomsebenzi, hayi ifashoni.

Elo phiko liphezulu likunika ukubonakala ngezantsi kwaye ligcina amaphiko endleleni yakho ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-preflight. Igiya esisigxina ithetha inkqubo enye encinci onokuthi uzikhathaze ngayo xa sele ujija izinto ezilishumi elinambini njengomfundi. I-fuselage eyomeleleyo ithathe amashumi eminyaka yokuhla kanzima, iiyure ezininzi zoqeqesho, kunye neempazamo zabafundi, kwaye isahamba ngamandla.

Ngaphakathi, i-cockpit ilula. Iigeji ze-analog kwiimodeli ezindala, iziboniso zeglasi kwezintsha. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, yonke into inokufikelelwa. Akukho bubuxhakaxhaka. Akukho ukuqikelela. Ufunda ukuba iphi na i-throttle, apho ivili le-trim lihlala khona, kwaye apho amehlo akho kufuneka ahambe khona ngexesha lokuhamba kunye nokufika.

Umgangatho wokwakha awukho malunga nobunewunewu. Imalunga nokuthembeka. Le yinqwelomoya ebhabha ngamandla, umhla nezolo, ngabantu abasafundayo. Kwaye iphatha loo mthwalo womsebenzi ngaphandle kokuwa. UCessna wayeyazi kakuhle into ababeyenza xa babesakha: yenze yomelele, yenze ilungiswe, kwaye ihlale ihleli.

Kwiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe kamva, iselapha. Isabhabha. Usafundisa.

I-Avionics kunye neTekhnoloji yeCockpit

I-Cessna 172S igcina ilula kodwa ihlakaniphile.

Iimodeli ezindala zeza nezixhobo ze-analog. Uyilo lweepakethi ezintandathu zakudala. Isalathisi se-Airspeed, isalathisi sengqondo, i-altimeter, umququzeleli wokujika, isalathisi sesihloko, kunye nesalathisi sesantya esithe nkqo. Yonke into umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ayifunayo ukuze ahlale elawula, icwangciswe ngendlela ebisoloko isemgangathweni kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.

Kodwa iCessna 172S yanamhlanje kulapho izinto ziba nomdla kuzo.

Uninzi lweemodeli ezitsha ziza zixhotyiswe nge IGarmin G1000 NXi, inkqubo yegilasi epheleleyo ye-cockpit ethatha indawo yezo dials ze-analog kunye nemiboniso emibini emikhulu yedijithali. Umboniso wokuqala wokubhabha uhlala ekhohlo, kunye nomboniso wemisebenzi emininzi ngasekunene. Ukuhamba ngeGPS, iimephu ezihambayo, ukujonga injini, kunye nokwazisa ngetrafikhi zonke zidibana kwinkqubo enye edibeneyo.

Ayibobuchwephesha obuphambili nje ngenxa yayo. Kukulungiselela. Kuba xa unyukela kwinqwelomoya yentengiso okanye ephucukileyo, uya kubona ii-cockpits zeglasi kuyo yonke indawo. Ukufunda kwi G1000 kuthetha ukuba awuzukuqala ukusuka ekuqaleni kamva.

Nabu ubuhle be-172S. Nokuba ngawo onke loo mandla edijithali, ayikongameli. I-interface i-intuitive, ulwazi lucacile, kwaye ukuba kukho into engalunganga, izinto ezisisiseko zihlala zifana. Ubhabha inqwelomoya kuqala uze ulungise okwesibini.

Nokuba ufunda kwiigeyiji zomphunga okanye izikrini zeglasi, iCessna 172S ikufundisa ukuba uthembe izixhobo zakho kwaye uqonde into ezikuxelela yona. Kuba emoyeni, olo lwazi lukugcina ukhuselekile.

Injini, Amandla, kunye nokusebenza

I-Cessna 172S isebenza kwi-a Iza ne-IO 360 L2A injini. Iisilinda ezine. 180 amandla ehashe. Ifuel itofwe kwaye umoya upholile.

Asiyondlu yamandla. Ayenzelwanga ukuba ibe njalo.

Yintoni, ithembekile, igudileyo, kwaye ingaphezulu kokwaneleyo ukukufundisa ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukulawula amandla.

Isantya sokuhamba ngenqanawa sihlala malunga ne-122 knots, malunga ne-140 yeemayile ngeyure. Awophuli iirekhodi okanye imozulu ebalekayo. Kodwa ufunda indlela yokusingatha inqwelo-moya ngesantya esikuvumela ukuba ucinge, usabele kwaye ulungise iimpazamo ngaphambi kokuba zakhe.

Injini iphendula ngokuqikelelwayo. Tsala i-throttle kwaye unyuke. Yenza lula umva kwaye wehla. Lungisa umxube kwi-altitude kwaye uzive umahluko ekusebenzeni. Yingxelo ethe ngqo, uhlobo olwakha ithuku.

Uluhlu lumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-640 ze-nautical ezineetanki zamafutha eziqhelekileyo. Oko kwanele kuqeqesho lwamazwe ngamazwe ngaphandle kokukhangela rhoqo indawo yokumisa amafutha. Isilingi yenkonzo iphakame malunga neenyawo ezili-14,000, ezibandakanya uninzi lweemeko zoqeqesho kwaye ikunika indawo yokuziqhelanisa nobude obuphezulu.

Umgama wokunduluka mfutshane, malunga neemitha ezingama-960 ngosuku oluqhelekileyo. Umgama wokuma mfutshane nangakumbi. Oko kuthetha ukuba unokusebenza ngaphandle kwezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezincinci, kulapho kanye abafundi abaninzi bangena khona iiyure zabo zakuqala.

I-Cessna 172S ayakhelwanga isantya okanye umboniso. Yakhelwe ukuzisa ukusebenza okungaguqukiyo, okuthembekileyo ngelixa ufunda ukulawula inqwelomoya ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya kwi-injini. Kwaye kuqeqesho lokubhabha, olo hlobo lokuthembeka luxabiseke ngaphezu kwawo onke amandla ehashe ehlabathini.

UkuPhathwa kweFlight kunye neNtuthuzelo

I-Cessna 172S ibhabha ngathi yenzelwe umntu ongazange abhabhe ngaphambili. Kuba kwakunjalo.

Izinzile, phantse inkani. Kwinqanaba lokubhabha, ifuna ukuhlala kwinqanaba. Ekunyukeni, inyuka ngokuqikelelwayo. Ukwenza ibhanki kwithuba lokujika uziva ugudile kwaye uxolela. Le asiyonqwelo-moya eshwabeneyo eyohlwaya igalelo ngalinye. Ngumqeqeshi okunika ixesha lokuva oko kwenzekayo ngaphambi kokuba usabele.

Ulawulo luphendula ngaphandle kokuba novakalelo olugqithisileyo. Hambisa idyokhwe kwaye inqwelomoya iyasabela, kodwa ayizukungena kwi-dive ukuba utyhala kakhulu okanye uyibeke ukuba utsala ngobunono kakhulu. Kukho indawo yesithinteli, umda wempazamo, ovumela abafundi ukuba bafunde ukuziva bebhabha ngaphandle kokubamba ulawulo ngoloyiko.

Kwaye xa izinto zingahambi kakuhle, i-172S ikwazisa. Yigcine kwaye ufumana iimpawu ezilumkiso ezicacileyo. Ukubetha, ukuthamba kulawulo, kunye nokwehla kwempumlo ethambileyo. Ayiqweqwedi okanye ijikelezise ngaphandle kokuba uyityhala ngenene. Oko kuqikelelwa koko kwenza ukuzithemba kubaqhubi abatsha.

Ngokuphathelele intuthuzelo, yinqwelomoya encinane. Izihlalo ezine, kodwa ngokwenyani ivakala kakuhle xa kukho abantu ababini okanye abathathu kunye nomthwalo othile. Ikhabhini ayikho banzi. Uhlala kufutshane nomqeqeshi wakho. Ukuba umde, amadolo akho angaxubha iphaneli. Inqanaba lengxolo yinto onokuyilindela kwinqwelomoya yepiston enenjini enye. Iyangxola, nkqu ne-headset.

Kodwa awubhabhi iCessna 172S ukuze ufumane ubunewunewu. Uyayibhabha ukuze ufunde. Kwaye kuloo ndawo yokulala, kufutshane, ingxolo, kwaye inyanisekile, ufumana impendulo ngqo kwinqwelomoya. Lonke igalelo, zonke izilungiso, zonke izilungiso. Uziva konke.

Ayisosiphoso eso. Leyo yinkalo.

I-Cessna 172S Ukugcinwa kunye nokuthembeka

I-Cessna 172S yakhiwe njengehashe lomsebenzi. Kwaye njengalo naliphi na ihashe lomsebenzi, lifuna ukukhathalelwa, kodwa aliceli nto ingako.

Le yenye yezona nqwelo-moya zigcinekayo kuphapho jikelele. Amalungu akuyo yonke indawo, kwaye oomatshini bayayazi ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Akukho mfuneko yokuzingela amacandelo anqabileyo okanye ukulinda iiveki ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo. Ukuba kukho into eqhekekileyo, ilungiswa ngokukhawuleza.

I-airframe ilula. Konke ukwakhiwa kwesinyithi. Akukho zixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ezintsonkothileyo. Akukho zinkqubo zifuna ingqalelo rhoqo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kubamba ukuguga ngaphambi kokuba kube yingxaki, kwaye imiba emininzi ilula ukuyilungisa.

The Iza ne-IO 360 injini iqinisekisiwe. Amawaka ezikolo zenqwelomoya aziqhube nzima ezi njini, umfundi emva komfundi, iyure emva kweyure, kwaye ziyaqhubeka. Ngokulungiswa okufanelekileyo, i-IO 360 inokufikelela ngokulula kwiXesha layo phakathi koKugqithiswa kwiiyure ezingama-2,000. Abanye bade badlulele ngaphaya koko ngokubekw’ esweni ngenyameko.

Uhlolo lonyaka luyafuneka, njengayo nayiphi na inqwelomoya. I-oyile itshintsha qho kwiiyure ezingama-50, ijonga rhoqo iimagnethi, iiplagi zentlantsi, kunye neentambo zokulawula. Akukho nto ingaqhelekanga. Akukho nto ifuna izidanga zobuchwephesha.

Kwaye nasi isitshixo. Ngenxa yokuba i-Cessna 172S ixhaphake kakhulu, iindleko zokuyigcina zihlala zifanelekile. Izikolo zeFlight zisebenza ngezithuthi zazo, kwaye abanini abazimeleyo banokuhlala befumana amazinga okukhuphisana. Baninzi abantu abakwaziyo ukugcina ezi nqwelo-moya zibhabha.

Ukuthembeka kuyintsomi. I-172S ayinalo udumo lokwaphula inqwelomoya ephakathi okanye abaqhubi beenqwelomoya ababhangayo abanokusilela okumangalisayo. Iye yacokiswa kumashumi eminyaka. Amanqaku abuthathaka alungisiwe. Into eseleyo ngumatshini ovelayo, owenza umsebenzi wawo, kwaye uqhubeleka.

Awukwazi ukufundisa ukubhabha ukuba inqwelomoya ayifuni kubhabha. I-Cessna 172S iyabhabha. Ngalo lonke ixesha.

Iindleko kunye noQoqosho lokuSebenza

Ukubhabha kuza nethegi yexabiso, kodwa abafundi abakrelekrele bafunda ukuchitha apho kubaluleke khona. I-Cessna 172S iseyenye yeendlela ezingabizi kakhulu zokuqeqesha kuba ilinganisa ukusebenza, ukuthembeka, kunye neendleko zokusebenza ngcono kunayo nayiphi na enye inqwelo-moya eklasini yayo.

Apha ngezantsi kucazululo olukhawulezayo lwento onokuyilindela ukuba uyarenta okanye unomnini weCessna 172S.

I-Cessna 172S entsha ixabisa ngaphezu kwamakhulu amane amawaka eedola, kuxhomekeke kubumbeko. Olu lutyalo-mali olukhulu, kodwa uninzi lwabafundi luyarenta endaweni yokuthenga. Amaxabiso okurenta ngeyure aqhele ukuwa phakathi kwe-130 kunye ne-180 yeedola ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nokusekwa kwe-avionics. Iimodeli zeglasi ze-cockpit kunye ne UGarmin G1000 hlala kwindawo ephezulu, ngelixa iimodeli ze-analog zifikeleleka ngakumbi.

Amafutha omndilili aphakathi kweelitha ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi ngeyure, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kuqikelelwa kumashumi amahlanu ukuya kumashumi asixhenxe eedola ngeyure kwisibaso kuphela. Ukongeza ugcino, oovimba injini, kunye ne-inshurensi izisa iindleko zokusebenza zeyure zizonke kubanini malunga nekhulu ukuya kwikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eedola.

Kwizikolo zendiza, i I-Cessna 172S yenza ingqiqo ngokugqibeleleyo ngokwemali. Yomelele, ifuna ixesha elincinci lokuphumla, kwaye igcina ixabiso kakuhle. Ngenxa yokuba iinxalenye kunye nobuchule bufumaneka ngokubanzi, ihlala iyenye yezona nqwelomoya zilula ukuzigcina.

Kubafundi, lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Udinga iiyure kwi-logbook, kungekhona ubunewunewu kwi-cabin. I-Cessna 172S ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ezo yure ngokufikelelekayo, kumatshini okufundisa ngaphezulu kwedola nganye kuphantse kwayo nantoni na esibhakabhakeni.

Kutheni iCessna 172S ifanelekile kuBafundi beePilothi

Kuba akuxoki kuwe.

Ukubhabha kunzima. Kuninzi ekufuneka kufundwe, kuninzi ekufuneka ulawule, kwaye kuninzi okungahamba kakubi ukuba awuhoywa. Into yokugqibela efunwa ngumfundi yinqwelomoya efihla iimpazamo okanye eyenza ukubhabha kubonakale kulula kunokuba kunjalo ngokwenene.

I-Cessna 172S ayikwenzi oko. Inyanisekile.

Yenza i-sloppy turn kwaye uya kuyiva. Ulibale ukucheba kwaye inqwelomoya iya kukwazisa. Ukuphatha kakubi isantya sakho xa usondela kwaye ukufika kuya kukukhumbuza. Kodwa konke oku ikwenza ngobunono. Ayikohlwayi. Iyakufundisa.

Leyo yibhalansi. Kuxolela ngokwaneleyo ukuba awuyi kuphakuzela, kodwa uphendule ngokwaneleyo ukuba ufunde unobangela kunye nesiphumo. Ufunda ukuba amagalelo akho abalulekile. Ukuba izilungiso ezincinci zongeza. Oko kubhabha asikokulwa nenqwelomoya. Imalunga nokusebenza nayo.

Uyilo lwamaphiko aphezulu lunika umbono ocacileyo womhlaba ngexesha lokujika kunye nokuhla. Iimpawu zokubhabha ezizinzileyo zithetha ukuba awuhlali ujijisana nolawulo. Ukuziphatha okuqikelelwayo kwe-stall kukuvumela ukuba uziqhelanise nokubuyisela ngokukhuselekileyo. Kwaye iisistim ezilula zithetha ukuba awukhathazwa kukuntsonkotha ngaphambi kokuba uphumelele iziseko.

Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iCessna 172S yakha ukuzithemba ngaphandle kokwakha imikhwa emibi.

Ufunda ukubhabha ngokuziva, hayi ngokuzenzekela. Ufunda ukufunda izixhobo zakho, ukulawula i-injini yakho, ukunxibelelana nolawulo lwetrafikhi yomoya, kunye nokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nokubala okufileyo. Ufunda ukucinga njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya kuba inqwelo-moya ifuna ukuba wenjenjalo.

Kwaye xa ekugqibeleni uwedwa, xa usuka wedwa okokuqala, iCessna 172S ayizukumangalisa. Iya kwenza kanye loo nto ibisoloko iyenza. Iya kubhabha ngendlela oyiqeqeshe ngayo ukubhabha. Kuba ngelo xesha, sele ufunde indlela yokuyibhabha.

Yiyo loo nto izikolo zenqwelomoya zihlala ziyisebenzisa. Yiyo loo nto abafundisi beyithemba. Yiyo loo nto kumashumi eminyaka ukusuka ngoku, abaqhubi beenqwelo moya besafunda kwiCessna 172S.

Ayingomqeqeshi nje. Ngumqeqeshi.

Isiphelo: Ilifa leCessna 172S

Ezinye iinqwelomoya zenza imbali ngokwaphula iirekhodi. Abanye ngokutyhala imida. I-Cessna 172S yenza imbali ngokwenza abaqhubi beenqwelomoya.

Phantse iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe, le nqwelo-moya ibe linyathelo lokuqala kumawaka emisebenzi yokubhabha. Ukusuka kwiinqwelomoya zovalo zokuqala ukuya kwindawo ozithembileyo ehlala yedwa, ibisoloko ikhona. Izinzile, zithembekile, kwaye zilula ngokungazenzisiyo.

Ayiyiyo eyona ikhawulezayo. Asiyiyo eyona ikhazimlayo. Kodwa izuze into exabiseke ngakumbi kunamanani akwiphepha. Thembela. Ukuthenjwa ngabahlohli abafundileyo kuyo. Ukuthembela kubafundi abafunde kuyo. Ukuthembela kulo lonke ishishini elihlala libuyela kulo isizukulwana emva kwesinye.

I-Cessna 172S ayisafuni kuzibonakalisa. Sele inalo. Ngalo lonke ixesha umfundi ephuma kwisifundo ngezakhono ezitsha. Ngalo lonke ixesha umntu efumana amaphiko emva kweenyanga zomsebenzi onzima kuloo cockpit. Ngalo lonke ixesha umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ejonga ngasemva aze akhumbule inqwelo-moya eyiqalileyo yonke loo nto.

Lilifa layo elo.

Ayisiwo amandla ehashe okanye isantya okanye itekhnoloji yokusika, kodwa into elula kwaye ihlala ixesha elide. Inqwelomoya enyanisekileyo eyenza into enye ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into. Ifundisa abantu indlela yokubhabha.

Kwaye okoko nje kukho abantu abaphuphayo ukuya esibhakabhakeni, iCessna 172S iya kubakho. Ukulinda kwithambeka. Injini ilungile. Amaphiko kwinqanaba. Ukulungele ukuguqula elo phupha libe yinyani.

Inqwelomoya enye ngexesha.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neCessna 175

Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokudluliselwa kwezikolo ngenqwelomoya.

Qhagamshelana neFlorida Flyers Flight Academy Team namhlanje e (904) 209-3510 ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba ezona zikolo ziphambili zokulingwa e-USA zinokukunceda njani ukuba ufezekise amaphupha akho okubhabha.