Ihlabathi lezophapho liyamangalisa lobunjineli bale mihla, elinamalungu amaninzi antsonkothileyo asebenza kunye ukwenza ummangaliso wokubhabha. Enye yezi zinto ziphambili, edla ngokungakhathalelwa kodwa ibalulekile, kukubhabha kwenqwelomoya. Iiflaphu zenqwelomoya ziindawo ezihinjisiweyo ezixhonywe kwincam ezilandelanayo zamaphiko e inqwelomoya enamaphiko ukunciphisa isantya apho inqwelomoya inokubhabha ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokunyusa i-engile yokuhla xa ifika. Benza mfutshane ukunduluka kunye nomgama wokuma kunye neemfuneko zesantya esisezantsi.
Iiflaphu zenqwelomoya zinokubonakala ngathi ziinkcukacha ezincinci kuyilo olukhulu lwesakhiwo senqwelomoya, kodwa zinendima ebalulekileyo. Banika umqhubi wenqwelomoya ulawulo olukhulu kwinqwelomoya, evumela iinqwelomoya ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo. Ngaphandle kwazo, besingenakuba nokunduluka ngokutyibilikayo kunye nokumisa ebesikulindele kuhambo lwenqwelomoya lwale mihla.
Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwazo, iiflephu zenqwelomoya azisoloko zixoxwa ngaphandle kwezangqa zokubhabha. Eli nqaku lijolise ekutshintsheni oko ngokubonelela ngokujonga nzulu kwiiflaphu zenqwelomoya, iindima zazo, kunye nemisebenzi yazo.
IiFlethi zeenqwelomoya: Ukuqonda ukubaluleka
Iiflaphu zenqwelo-moya zinendima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwenqwelo-moya. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa ukuphakama kwenqwelomoya kwi-airspeed enikeziweyo, evumela ukunduluka okucothayo kunye nokuhla. Ngokwandisa i-camber yephiko, iiflephu zinokunika ukuphakamisa okongeziweyo, okuluncedo ngakumbi xa isuka kunye nokumisa xa inqwelo-moya ifuna ukugcina ulawulo kwisantya esisezantsi.
Ngaphezu koko, iiflaps zikwanceda ekonyuseni ukutsalwa kwenqwelomoya, nto leyo enceda ukucotha xa ifika. Oku kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inqwelo-moya inokuhlala ngokukhuselekileyo kumgaqo weenqwelo-moya ngaphandle kokuwudubula. Ngaphandle kweeflaps, inqwelomoya bekuya kufuneka isondele kumgaqo weenqwelo-moya ngesantya esiphezulu, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwabakhweli nabasebenzi.
Iiflaps azidlali indima ebalulekileyo kuphela ekusebenzeni ngokukhuselekileyo kwenqwelomoya, kodwa zikwanegalelo ekusebenzeni kwayo ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuvumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ibhabha ngesantya esicothayo ngaphandle kokuma, iiflaphu zinokunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nokwandisa uluhlu lwenqwelomoya.
Jonga ngokweenkcukacha kwiindidi ezine zeeFlaphu zeenqwelomoya
Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zeeflaphu zenqwelomoya: iiflapsi ezicacileyo, iiflephu ezicandiweyo, iiflephu ezisityisiweyo, kunye neeflaphu zeFowler. Nganye kwezi ntlobo zineempawu ezikhethekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zenqwelomoya kunye neprofayili yayo yokubhabha.
Iiflephu ezizicaba lolona hlobo lulula lweeflapsi, olubandakanya inxalenye ejingayo yephiko elinokuthotywa okanye liphakanyiswe ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwiinqwelomoya ezincinci ngenxa yokulula kwazo kunye nokusebenza ngokulula.
Iiflephu eziqhekezayo zinzima ngakumbi, kunye nenxalenye engezantsi yephiko ehlukanayo ukusuka kwindawo ephezulu xa iiflephu zisasazwa. Oku kudala ukonyuka okubalulekileyo kokubini ukunyuswa kunye nokutsala, okwenza iiflephu eziqhekekayo zilungele ukumka okufutshane kunye nokuhla kwenqwelomoya.
Iiflaphu ezisithiweyo luphuhliso olongezelelweyo loyilo lweflap ecazululweyo, enesithuba okanye isithuba phakathi kwephiko kunye neflap xa isetyenzisiwe. Le slot ivumela umoya woxinzelelo oluphezulu ukusuka ngaphantsi kwephiko ukuba uhambe phezu kwe-flap, ukulibazisa ukuhlukana komoya kunye nokubonelela ngokuphakamisa okongeziweyo.
Okokugqibela, iiflephu zeFowler lolona hlobo luntsokothileyo lweflapsi, lunothotho lweendawo zokubeka kunye nesixhobo esivumela i-flap ukuba yandise ngasemva nasezantsi xa ibekwa. Olu luyilo lonyusa kakhulu indawo yokunyusela kunye nendawo engaphezulu yephiko, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iFowler iqhwabeze ibe yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwinqwelomoya enkulu yorhwebo.
Indlela iiFlaps zeenqwelomoya ezisebenza ngayo - Inkcazo esisiseko
Ukusebenza kweeflaphu zenqwelo-moya kusenokubonakala kuntsonkothile, kodwa umgaqo osisiseko wawo ulula kakhulu. Xa iiflaps zisetyenzisiwe, zitshintsha imilo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iimpawu ze-aerodynamic zephiko. Olu tshintsho luvumela iphiko ukuba livelise ukunyuka okuthe kratya ngesantya esicothayo, okubalulekileyo ngexesha lokumka kunye nokuhla.
Umqhubi wenqwelomoya ulawula ukuthunyelwa kweeflaps usebenzisa i-lever kwi-cockpit. Le lever iqhagamshelwe kuluhlu lweentambo, iirod, kunye ne-hydraulic systems ezihambisa iiflaps kwindawo oyifunayo. Indlela echanekileyo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweflap kunye noyilo oluthile lwenqwelomoya, kodwa umgaqo jikelele uhlala ufana.
Xa iiflaps zisetyenzisiwe, zihamba ukusuka kumda wephiko, ukwandisa i-camber yayo kunye nommandla. Olu tshintsho kwimilo lubangela ukwanda kokuphakanyiswa okwenziwa liphiko, kuvumela inqwelo-moya ukuba igcine ulawulo ngesantya esisezantsi. Kwangaxeshanye, iiflaphu ezandisiweyo nazo zonyusa ukutsalwa kwenqwelomoya, inceda ukuba icothe ukuhla.
Indima kunye noMsebenzi woHlobo ngalunye lweFlaphu yenqwelomoya
Uhlobo ngalunye lweflap yenqwelomoya ludlala indima ethile kunye nomsebenzi ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zokusebenza kwenqwelomoya. Iiflephu ezicacileyo, umzekelo, zilula kwaye zikhaphukhaphu, zizenza zilungele iinqwelomoya ezincinci ezingadingi kunyuswa okuphezulu kunye neempawu zokurhuqa zeeflephu ezintsonkothileyo.
Iiflaphu eziqhekezayo, kwelinye icala, zibonelela ngokunyuka okubalulekileyo kokubini ukunyuswa kunye nokurhuqa, kubenze balungele inqwelomoya ekufuneka isebenze kwiindlela ezimfutshane zokubaleka. Idizayini yokwahlula ivumela ukunyuka okuphezulu kokunyuswa ngaphandle kokunyuka okuhambelanayo kwi-drag, okwenza i-flap flaps ibe yinto ethandwayo yokuthatha i-aircraft emfutshane kunye nokufika (STOL).
Iiflaphu ezifakweyo zibonelela ngokunyuka okukhulu ngakumbi kwi-lift, ngenxa ye-slot evumela umoya woxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuba uhambe phezu kwe-flap. Olu yilo lwenza ukuba iiflaphu eziphothiweyo zilungele iinqwelomoya ezinkulu ezifuna ukusebenza ngesantya esicothayo, njengeenqwelo-moya zempahla kunye neenqwelomoya.
Okokugqibela, iiflaps zeFowler zibonelela ngokunyuka okukhulu kwendawo yamaphiko kunye nokuphakamisa, okubenza ukuba bakhethe ukukhetha iinqwelomoya ezinkulu zorhwebo. Uyilo oluntsonkothileyo lweFowler flaps lubavumela ukuba babonelele ngenqanaba eliphezulu lolawulo ngesantya esicothayo, nto leyo ebenza babe yimfuneko kwinqwelomoya enkulu ekufuneka isebenze kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezixakekileyo.
ISayensi eNgemva kweeFlaphu zeenqwelomoya kunye neendlela zazo
Inzululwazi emva kweeflaphu zenqwelomoya ilele kwimigaqo ye-aerodynamics. Xa inqwelo-moya ibhabha, umoya uhamba ngapha nangapha kwamaphiko, nto leyo eyenza umahluko woxinzelelo ovelisa ukuphakama. Imilo kunye ne-engile yamaphiko idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ukuba kungakanani ukuphakama okwenziweyo.
Iiflephu ziguqula ukuma kunye ne-angle yephiko, ukwandisa i-camber yayo kunye nommandla. Olu tshintsho luvumela iphiko ukuba livelise ukunyuswa okungakumbi ngesantya esicothayo. Ukongeza, ukuthunyelwa kwee-flap kwandisa ukutsalwa kwenqwelomoya, ukuyicothisa kwaye ivumela ukuhla okukhuselekileyo nokulawulwa ngakumbi.
Iindlela ezichanekileyo ezilawula ukuthunyelwa kwee-flap zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-flap kunye noyilo oluthile lwenqwelomoya. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, zibandakanya uthotho lweentambo, iirodi, kunye neenkqubo zehydraulic ezihambisa iiflephu kwindawo oyifunayo. Umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ulawula ezi nkqubo esebenzisa i-lever kwi-cockpit, ezivumela ukuba zilungelelanise iiflephu njengoko kufuneka ngexesha lokubhabha.
Impembelelo yeeFlaphu zeNqwelomoya kwiNdlela yokuSebenza ngeNqwelomoya
Iiflaphu zenqwelomoya zinempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwenqwelomoya ngexesha lokubhabha, ngakumbi ngexesha lokunduluka nokuhla. Ngokwandisa ukuphakamisa okwenziwa liphiko, iiflephu zivumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ibhabha ngesantya esicothayo ngaphandle kokuma. Oku kubalulekile ngexesha lokunduluka naxa inqwelo-moya ifuna ukugcina ulawulo ngesantya esiphantsi.
Ngaphezu koko, ngokunyusa ukutsalwa kwenqwelomoya, iiflaps zinceda ukucothisa inqwelomoya ngexesha lokuhla. Oku kuvumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ihlale ngokukhuselekileyo kumgaqo weenqwelo-moya ngaphandle kokuyidubula. Ukongeza, ukutsalwa okwandisiweyo kukwanceda ukuzinzisa inqwelomoya ngexesha lokuhla, ukwenza ukuhla okutyibilikayo nokulawulwa ngakumbi.
Ngaphandle kokusuka kunye nokuhla, iiflaps zikwachaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwenqwelomoya. Ngokuvumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ibhabha ngesantya esicothayo ngaphandle kokuma, iiflaphu zinokunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nokwandisa uluhlu lwenqwelomoya. Oku kwenza iiflephu zibe licandelo elibalulekileyo kungekuphela nje ekusebenzeni ngokukhuselekileyo kwenqwelomoya kodwa nasekuphileni kwayo kwezoqoqosho.
Imiba yoLondolozo kunye noKhuseleko lweeFlaphu zeenqwelomoya
Njengazo zonke iinxalenye zenqwelomoya, iiflaphu zenqwelomoya zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza kakuhle. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokukhangela ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba enokubakho okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle. Ukunikezelwa kwendima ebalulekileyo edlalwa iiflaps ekusebenzeni ngokukhuselekileyo kwenqwelomoya, nayiphi na imiba eneeflephu inokuba neziphumo ezibi.
Ukongeza kuhlolo oluthe gqolo, ukugcinwa kweeflaphu zenqwelo-moya kukwabandakanya ukulungiswa kwamaxesha athile kunye nokutshintshwa kwamalungu. Oku kunokubandakanya ukutshintshwa kweentambo, iirods, kunye ne-hydraulic systems, kunye neeflaps ngokwazo ukuba ziyaguga okanye zonakele.
Ukhuseleko yeyona nto ixhalabisayo xa kufikwa kwiiflaphu zenqwelomoya. Ngenxa yendima yazo ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni isantya nokuhla kwenqwelo-moya, nakuphi na ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweeflapsi kunokukhokelela kwimibandela enzulu yokhuseleko. Ngaloo ndlela, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya baqeqeshelwa ukujonga ukusebenza kwee-flap ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwabo kwangaphambili kwendiza kunye nokuphendula ngokufanelekileyo xa kwenzeka ukungaphumeleli kwe-flap.
Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kwi-Airplane Flap Technology
Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, kukwanjalo nangoyilo kunye nokusebenza kweeflaphu zenqwelomoya. Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kwi-teknoloji ye-flap kulindeleke ukuba lugxininise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka, kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima kunye nobunzima beenkqubo ze-flap.
Enye indawo yophando kukuphuhliswa kwee-flap "smart" ezinokuthi zilungelelanise indawo yazo kunye nokuma kwazo ekuphenduleni ukutshintsha kweemeko zendiza. Ezi flaps zihlakaniphile zinokubonelela ngolawulo olukhulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nokwandisa uluhlu lweenqwelomoya.
Olunye uphuhliso olunokubakho kukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nobuchule bokwenza ukwenza iiflephu ezikhaphukhaphu nezihlala ixesha elide. Oku kunokunciphisa ubunzima benqwelo-moya kwaye kwandise ukusebenza kwayo ngokubanzi, ngelixa kunciphisa imfuno yokugcina nokulungiswa.
Ngelixa olu phuhliso lusekwinqanaba lophando kunye nophuhliso, lubambe amandla anomdla kwikamva lophapho. Njengoko siqhubeka nokutyhala imida yento enokwenzeka, kucacile ukuba iiflaphu zenqwelomoya ziya kuqhubeka ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwenqwelomoya.
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, iiflaphu zenqwelomoya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwenqwelomoya. Zivumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ibhabha ngesantya esicothayo ngaphandle kokuma, inika ulawulo oluthe kratya xa isuka okanye imisa. Bakwanceda ukucothisa inqwelomoya ngexesha lokumisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuhla okukhuselekileyo nokulawulwayo.
Nangona zisenokubonakala ziyinkcukacha encinane kuyilo olukhulu lwesakhiwo senqwelo-moya, iiflephu zibubungqina bobuchule nokuchaneka kobunjineli beenqwelo-moya zale mihla. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili, sinokulindela ukubona uphuculo olukhulu ngakumbi kuyilo lwe-flap kunye nokusebenza, ukomeleza ngakumbi ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuhamba emoyeni.
Kwihlabathi lezophapho, onke amacandelo abalulekile - kunye neeflaphu zenqwelomoya azinjalo. Ke kwixesha elizayo xa ukwinqwelomoya, khawucinge ngeflap ethobekileyo – into encinci kodwa eyomeleleyo eyenza uhambo lomoya lwangoku lunokwenzeka.
Qhagamshelana nathi okanye ufowunele iQela leFlyers yaseFlorida + 1 904 209 3510 ukuze ube ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya ophumeleleyo oqinisekisiweyo.
