Maawa Ekushandisa Chishandiso Chekushandisa: Chikamu 142 Chinobvumira Kusvika Kuma30

Unoda maawa makumi mana enguva chaiyo kana yekutevedzera yekushandiswa kwemidziyo yemhando yepamusoro, asi mitemo inoganhurira kuti mangani eawa iwayo anogona kubva kuma simulators nemidziyo yekudzidzira iri pasi pe 14 CFR §61.65Mudzidzisi ane mvumo anofanira kutevedzera uye kusaina kudzidziswa kwemuchina wekudzidzisa kuti ushande zvakanaka, uye Tsamba Yekubvumidza (LOA) ndiyo inotungamira chaizvo kuti mudziyo wega wega unotenderwa kupihwa marii. Tinofamba nenhamba, mitemo yekunyora pasi pe14 CFR §61.51, uye zvekusimbisa usati wavimba nazvo.

TL; DR:

• Chikamu 142 chakatenderwa neFAA chinokwidza mari yeFFS kana FTD kusvika kumaawa makumi matatu; zvikasadaro, mapoka ese emidziyo ane muganho wemaawa makumi maviri.
• Chikwereti cheBATD chinogumira kumaawa gumi uye chikwereti cheAATD chinosvika makumi maviri, asi hapana mudziyo unogona kutsiva ruzivo rwendege runodiwa kana kushandiswa panguva yekuedza kwekushanda.
• Nyora modhi yemuchina, referensi yeLOA inoshanda, maitiro anoshandiswa, siginecha yemudzidzisi, uye nhamba yechitupa; nyora nzira dzakasiyana dzekushandisa kana uchida mari yeruzivo rwazvino.
• Usati watanga kudzidziswa, enzanisa modhi yemudziyo nenhamba yeserial neLOA yayo, tarisa zvirambidzo uye nguva yekupera, uye chengeta LOA neQAG kuti zviongororwe.

Zviri Mukati

• Maawa mangani ekushandisa simulator anoshandiswa kusvika padanho repasi remaawa makumi mana ekushandisa
• FFS, FTD, BATD, uye AATD: zvinonyatso pihwa nemudziyo wega wega
• Nguva yekuisa chishandiso chekunyora mumanyorerwo azvo mubhuku rako renhoroondo
• Kusimbisa LOA neQAG zvechishandiso usati wavimba nenguva dzacho
• Zvinotenderwa nevaongorori vemidziyo pamiedzo inoshanda
• Zvidzidzo zvekugadzira simulator zvinonyatso wedzera chikwereti chako
• Sei kuranga kutevedzera mitemo kuchikosha sehunyanzvi hwekunamatira nekusundira
• Pedzisa chiyero chako chezviridzwa nekudzidziswa kweChikamu 141 kwakavakirwa pachikwereti chemuimbi
• FAQ
• Sources

Maawa mangani ekushandisa simulator anoshandiswa kusvika padanho repasi remaawa makumi mana ekushandisa

Kuyera kwezvishandiso kunoda maawa makumi mana enguva chaiyo kana kuti yakaedzwa, uye chikamu chakakosha cheizvozvo chinogona kubva pamudziyo kwete mundege. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, muganho wakabatanidzwa wezvishandiso zvekudzidzisa ndege (FTDs), uye zvishandiso zvekudzidzisa ndege (ATDs) maawa makumi maviri, pa14 CFR §61.65. Kana kudzidziswa kwako kuchiitwa pasi pechikamu 142 chakatenderwa neFAA, §61.65(h)(1) inobvumira mvumo yepamusoro inosvika maawa makumi matatu mu simulator yekubhururuka yakazara (FFS) kana FTD.

Midziyo yekudzidzira ndege ine miganhu yayo yakamanikana mukati mechimiro ichocho:

• Chishandiso cheBasic Aviation Training Device (BATD) chinopa maawa gumi ekushandisa pakuongorora kwezvishandiso.
• Chishandiso cheAdvanced Aviation Training Device (AATD) chinotora maawa anosvika makumi maviri.
• Pasina chikamu cheChikamu 142, §61.65(j) inogumisa huwandu hwese hwechikwereti chemudziyo pamaawa makumi maviri, zvisinei nekuti maawa iwayo akakamurwa sei mumhando dzemudziyo.

Purogiramu yekudzidzisa inogona kushanda maawa makumi maviri muAATD maererano nemaitiro ekushandisa michina uye mapatani ekubata, wozopedzisa maawa makumi maviri asara enguva yekushandisa michina mundege, ichifukidza nzira dzekusvika, nzira dzekuvharira, uye zvinodiwa zvekufamba nenyika izvo mudziyo usingakwanise kuzadzisa. Musanganiswa iwoyo unosvika maawa makumi mana uchiremekedza muganho wega wega uri mumutemo.

FFS, FTD, BATD, uye AATD: zvinonyatso pihwa nemudziyo wega wega

Tsamba Yemazano yeFAA AC 61-136A inotsanangura zvikamu zvemidziyo zvinoonekwa mukudzidziswa kweChikamu 61 neChikamu 141. Muchina wekudzidzira kubhururuka wakazara unotevedzera dheki rekubhururuka nezviratidzo zvekufamba kwendege nekuvimbika kwepamusoro; mudziyo wekudzidzisa kubhururuka unotevedzera nharaunda yemutyairi wendege pasina kufamba kwakazara; uye mudziyo wekudzidzisa kubhururuka, wakakamurwa kuita Basic (BATD) neAdvanced (AATD), unopa puratifomu yakaderera asi ichiri kuzivikanwa neFAA yekudzidzira maitiro.

Chinokosha pachikwereti inyaya yekusanyanya kukoshesa chikamu chemuchina asi kugona kwawo kwakanyorwa:

• Kutendeseka kwekuona system uye kururama kwepaneru yezvishandiso zvinosarudza mabasa api anogona kutevedzera zviri pamutemo.
• MaAATD anowanzo tsigira kufamba kweavionics uye maitiro egirazi mucockpit kupfuura maBATD.
• Nguva yeBATD kana yeAATD haifanirwe kushandiswa pakuedza kwechokwadi, uye hapana ATD inogona kutsiva ruzivo rwendege rwakadai sekufamba uri wega, kushanda husiku, kana kusimuka nekumhara.

Vatyairi vendege vari kugadzirira kushanduka kwemukamuri wegirazi Kazhinji vanoona kuti zvidzidzo zveAATD zvinovaka hunyanzvi hwekuita zvinhu nekukurumidza kupfuura nguva yekutanga yendege, izvo zvinoita kuti maawa ekubhururuka anobhadhariswa arambe akatarisana nemabasa ayo mudziyo usingakwanise kutevedzera.

Nguva yekuisa chishandiso chekunyora mumanyorerwo azvo mubhuku rako renhoroondo

Pasi pemutemo we14 CFR §61.51, unongonyora nguva yemudziyo chete kana uchishanda uchitarisa midziyo chete, kungave kuri kuitika mumamiriro ekunze chaiwo emudziyo kana mu simulator kana mudziyo unotenderwa. Mudzidzisi anonyora nguva iyoyo semirairo miviri anofanira kusaina gwaro nenhamba yechitupa chake, uye gwaro rinofanira kubatana neLOA yemudziyo kana zvichibvira.

Chinyorwa chakazara che log chinofanira kusanganisira:

1. Rudzi rwemudziyo uye modhi, sezvo tsananguro dzakafanana nedzekuti "simulator" dzichikoka mibvunzo gare gare.
2. Nhamba yekutarisa yeLOA, kana mudziyo uchida imwe kuti uwane chikwereti.
3. Tsananguro pfupi yezviri mukudzidziswa, zvakaita senzira kana maitiro ekubata anoitwa.
4. Saini yemudzidzisi, nhamba yechitupa, uye zuva racho.
5. Ruzivo rwenzira yekusvika rwunonyorwa zvakasiyana kana uchida kushandisa chikamu ichi kumari yeruzivo rwechangobva kuitika pasi pe§61.57©.

Mutsara wezvinyorwa zvemazuva ano ungati: “Kudzidziswa kweAATD, nzira dzeILS neRNAV, maitiro ekubata, LOA #12345, yakagamuchirwa kaviri.” Danho iroro reruzivo rinokudzivirira kana muongorori wendege akasarudzwa (DPE) kana muongorori weFAA akazoongorora rekodhi yako yekudzidziswa.

Kusimbisa LOA neQAG zvechishandiso usati wavimba nenguva dzacho

Chishandiso chega chega chekudzidzisa chakatenderwa neFAA chinoshanda pasi peTsamba Yemvumo yakabatana neQualification and Approval Guide (QAG), uye magwaro aya anotsanangura chaizvo mabasa ayo mudziyo unogona kupa uye kwenguva yakareba sei. MAROA anowanzo shanda kwemwedzi makumi matanhatu yekarenda, uye runyorwa rweATD rwakatenderwa neFAA nenhungamiro dzinotaura kuti nzvimbo dzekudzidzisa dzinofanira kupa kopi kune chero mutyairi wendege achishandisa nguva yemudziyo iwoyo kuti awane chitupa kana chikwereti chekuyera.

Usati wanyora awa imwe chete, simbisa zvinotevera nemudzidzisi wako:

• Kumbira kopi yezvino yeLOA neQAG yemuchina wacho.
• Enzanisa modhi yemudziyo nenhamba yeserial nezvakanyorwa neLOA.
• Tarisa zuva rekupera uye chero zvirambidzo zvekushandisa zvakataurwa.
• Chengeta kopi muzvinyorwa zvako zvekudzidziswa, zvakasiyana nemafaira echikoro.

Pro Tip: Uyai nekopi yeLOA pabvunzo yenyu yekushanda; vamwe vanobvunza vanoikumbira ipapo ipapo, uye kuva nayo kwakagadzirirwa kunodzivisa kunonoka kwepurogiramu.

Zvinotenderwa nevaongorori vemidziyo pamiedzo inoshanda

Midziyo yekudzidzira ndege haina mvumo yekushandisa pabvunzo yeFAA, zvisinei nekuti maawa mangani avakapa panguva yekudzidziswa kwako. Midziyo yekudzidzisa ndege yakazara nemidziyo yekudzidzisa ndege inogona kushandiswa kune imwe kana yese checkride chete kana bvunzo yacho ichiitwa kuburikidza nechirongwa chakatenderwa neFAA, chinowanzo batanidzwa nenzvimbo yekudzidzira yeChikamu 142 kana mvumo chaiyo yemuongorori.

Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvekutarisira kana chikoro chako chikaedza uchishandisa michina:

• Vaongorori vanowanzo ganhurira huwandu kana rudzi rwenzira dzinoitwa muFTD kana dzichishandiswa mundege.
• Mapepa ekubvumidza anofanira kusimbiswa bvunzo isati yarongwa, kwete pazuva rebvunzo.
• Mupi wekudzidzisa kwako anofanira kuona pachine nguva kuti musanganiswa wemudziyo nepurogiramu yacho zvinotenderwa parwendo rwaunoda kutora.

Kuronga izvi nekukurumidza nechikoro chenyu chendege kunodzivirira kuti bvunzo dzisadzokororwe nekuda kwekusakwana kwemagwaro.

Zvidzidzo zvekugadzira simulator zvinonyatso wedzera chikwereti chako

Chidzidzo chekudzidzisa chinowana rumbidzo kana chichitungamirirwa nemudzidzisi, chakavakirwa pamatanho akajeka akanyorwa maererano nemabasa eAirman Certification Standards (ACS), uye chinopedzwa netsananguro uye gwaro rakasainwa. Kudzidziswa pasi peChikamu 141 kana Chikamu 142 kunowanzo vhura zvikwereti zvemidziyo kupfuura maitiro echinguvana, sezvo purogiramu yacho pachayo ndiyo yakaongororwa neFAA payakapa mvumo yechikoro yekushandisa michina.

Our chirongwa chekudzidzisa kuongorora zviridzwa inovaka mabhuroko emudzidzi zvakananga muchikamu chechikamu 141, saka chikamu chega chega cheAATD chinoenderana nebasa reACS mudzidzi asati ambopinda mundege. Isu tinotarisira magwaro eLOA mukati, izvo zvinobvisa mutoro wekutevera mapepa kubva kumudzidzi.

• Batanidza bhuroko rega rega remuimbirwo nenzira kana maitiro chaiwo, kwete "kudzidzira kwezviridzwa" zvakajairika.
• Kurukurai nyaya yacho mushure memusangano, mamiriro acho ezvinhu achiri matsva.
• Simbisai nemudzidzisi wenyu kuti ndeapi maawa ekushandisa achazoshandiswa muchirongwa chenyu chekudzidzira ndege.

Pro Tip: Ronga zvidzidzo zvako zveAATD vhiki isati yasvika chidzidzo chendege chinofukidza nzira imwe chete; kudzokorora kunokurumidza kupfuura kupatsanurana.

Sei kuranga kutevedzera mitemo kuchikosha sehunyanzvi hwekunamatira nekusundira

Masimulator anopfupisa nzira yekubudirira, asi chete kana mapepa ari shure kwawo akamira. Takaona kukosha kwekudzidzisa kwechikamu chemuchina chakagadzirwa zvakanaka pachedu: kugona kumbomira, kudzokorora, uye kugadzirisa maitiro nekukurumidza kunokurumidza kudzidza nenzira isingawanzo bvumidzwa nendege. Hapana chimwe cheizvozvo chinokosha, zvisinei, kana LOA yapera kana chinyorwa che logbook chisina siginecha. Tora mutemo wekutonga seusingaparadzaniswe nekubhururuka pachako, uye batanidza awa yega yega yenguva yemuchina neruzivo rwendege rwuchiri kudiwa nemitemo.

— Rainer

Pedzisa chiyero chako chezviridzwa nekudzidziswa kweChikamu 141 kwakavakirwa pachikwereti chemuimbi

Tinoronga yedu Instrument Rating Chikamu 141 purogiramu saka maawa ekudzidzira ndege anoshanda pamwe chete kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemaawa makumi mana, nemagwaro eLOA anobatwa nechikwata chedu pane kuti akusiyire iwe kuti uzvitevere. Isu tinoitawo maFAA checkrides mumba, izvo zvinopfupisa kumirira pakati pekupedza kudzidziswa kwako nekunyora bvunzo yako yepractical.

• Bvunza nezvemagwaro eLOA neQAG aripo iye zvino echero mudziyo uri musyllabus yako.
• Ongorora kuti simulator inovhara sei mepu yepurogiramu yako yekudzidzira ndege usati wanyoresa.
• Simbisa kuti vanhu varipo here kana kuti kwete panguva yechirongwa chako sechikamu chenguva yechirongwa chako.

Taura nesu kuburikidza nepeji redu rezvidzidzo zvekutyaira kuti uone kuti chiyero chezviridzwa chinoenderana sei nechirongwa chenyu chakakura chezvitupa.

FAQ

Maawa mangani ekushandisa simulator anoshandiswa pakuongorora zviridzwa?

Kusvika maawa makumi maviri emuchina wekushandisa, FTD, kana ATD nguva inowanzoverengerwa kunodiwa kwemaawa makumi mana pasi pe14 CFR §61.65, uye kusvika maawa makumi matatu anobvumirwa muFFS kana FTD pasi pechirongwa chakatenderwa cheChikamu 142. Mhedzisiro yeBATD pamaawa gumi uye mhedzisiro yeAATD pamaawa makumi maviri mukati memuganhu iwoyo wese.

Mutemo we6-6-6 IFR chii?

Mutsara uyu hausi izwi remutemo weFAA, uye hautsanangurwi mu14 CFR kana FAA advice material. Kana wakambosangana nawo kune imwe nzvimbo, simbisa kwawakabva uchipesana ne14 CFR §61.65 na §61.57, sezvo ruzivo rwechangobva kuitika uye zvinodiwa pakuyera zvakanyorwa pachena ipapo.

Mutemo weFAA wemaawa 1500 chii?

Mutemo wemaawa chiuru nemazana mashanu unoreva nguva yose yekubhururuka inodiwa kuti munhu ave nechitupa cheAirline Transport Pilot (ATP), chinodiwa chakasiyana nechepasi pechiyero chezvishandiso. Hazvikanganisi mashandiro anoita maawa ekutevedzera chiyero chezvishandiso pachazvo.

Ndingashandisa nguva yemuimbi pakutarisa zviridzwa zvangu here?

Midziyo yekudzidzira ndege haina mvumo yekuedza ndege dzinoshanda dzeFAA. Mutambo wekudzidzira ndege wakazara kana FTD unogona kushandiswa sechikamu chekutarisa ndege chete kana bvunzo yacho yaitwa kuburikidza nechirongwa chakatenderwa neFAA, saka simbisa mvumo nemudzidzisi wako usati waronga.

Chii chinofanira kunyorwa nemudzidzisi wangu pakudzidziswa kwezviridzwa zvemuimbirwo?

Mudzidzisi wako anofanira kunyora mhando yemudziyo uye modhi, chero referensi yeLOA inoshanda, tsananguro yekudzidziswa kwakaitwa, uye siginecha yavo nenhamba yechitupa, zvinoenderana ne14 CFR §61.51. Ruzivo urwu runodzivirira chikwereti kana chinyorwa chikaongororwa gare gare.

Sources

• 14 CFR § 61.65 - Zvinodiwa pakuyera zviridzwa.
• AC 61-136A — Kubvumidzwa kweZvishandiso zveKudzidzisa Ndege uye Kushandiswa Kwazvo paKudzidzisa neRuzivo

varumbidzwa

• 250 NM, Nzira Nhatu, Kupinda Kumwe Chete: Mitemo yeFAA Instrument Cross Country
• Chirongwa Chekudzidzisa Kuyera Zviridzwa zveVatyairi Vemabhiriyoni Ebasa
• Ndege Simulator: #1 Ultimate Gwaro reKudzidzisa Pilot
• Airline Pilot Chikoro Uye Basa ReFlight Simulator