Zvikanganiso zveVadzidzi Vanowanzoitwa uye Nzira dzekuvandudza

Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa nevadzidzi vekutyaira zvinosanganisira kudzora ndege zvakanyanya, kusanzwisisa kukwirira kwayo, kufona paredhiyo zvisina kujeka, kumhanya-mhanya, uye kurovedza zvisina kurongeka. Kuti uvandudze ruzivo rwekukwirira kwayo, tarisa altimeter nguva dzose uye tarisa nzvimbo yako uchienzanisa nezviratidzo zvekunze pane kuvimba nechiratidzo chimwe chete. Kugadzirisa kudiki, nemaune uye kudzidzira nguva dzose kunobatsira kushandura zvinhu izvi kuva tsika dzakavimbika.

Kudzidziswa kubhururuka kunoda kutariswa pamabasa akati wandei panguva imwe chete. Gadzira purogiramu yakarongwa: gadzirira usati watanga chidzidzo chega chega, tevera marongero nhanho nhanho, ronga mafoni eredhiyo usati watumira, uye shandisa mhinduro dzevadzidzisi parwendo rwako runotevera.

Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura nzira dzekudzivirira zvikanganiso mukudzora ndege, kutaurirana, kushandiswa kwekutarisa, uye kudzidza kubva kune mhinduro, pamwe nenhungamiro inoshanda yekuchengetedza purogiramu yekurovedza yakafanana. Uchadzidzawo nzira yekurambira mberi kwendege uye kusimbisa tsika dzinotsigira kubhururuka kwakachengeteka uye kwakanyatsojeka.

1. Kudzora ndege zvakanyanya

Kupinza kukuru, kwakangoerekana kwapinda mundege kunogona kufambisa ndege kure nepfungwa yainodiwa pachinzvimbo chekuibatsira kuti igare zvakanaka. Mudzidzi anoona kufamba kwemhino, odhonza nesimba, obva asundidzira kuti agadzirise kuchinja kwenzwi. Kutenderera ikoko kunowedzera basa uye kunoita kuti kudzora kwacho kuve kwakaoma. Shandisa mapini madiki, akatsetseka, wobva wamira kuti uone kupindura kwendege.

Paunenge uchifambisa mhepo, edza kuita maekisesaizi ari nyore: isa kumanikidza kwemunwe pajoko kana padanda, gadzirisa zvishoma, woverenga kusvika katatu usati wagadzirisa zvakare. Ndege inoda nguva yekupindura. Kufambisa macontrol kakawanda isati yaita kunogona kukonzera kutenderera. Maoko akasununguka anoderedzawo kuneta uye anovandudza kunyatsoita. Nekutungamirirwa nemudzidzisi wako, edza kushandisa minwe miviri pamacontrol kuti uone kana uri kubata kana kuisa kumanikidza kusingakoshi.

Kugadzirisa kunogona kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwenguva refu kwekudzora, asi hakutsivi zvinopinda mukutonga kana kutarisisa. Gadzirisa kumanikidzwa kudiki, deredza kumanikidzwa, uye tarisa kana mhino ichikwira kana kudzika. Kana ndege ikafamba kubva pane zvainoda, tanga wagadzirisa nzira yayo yekubhururuka, wobva wagadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwenguva pfupi. Usashandise kudzika kuti utevere kufamba kwese kwenguva pfupi. Kudzidza kusiyanisa kumanikidzwa kwenguva refu kubva pakugadziriswa kwenguva pfupi kunobatsira kuti ndege igare yakagadzikana.

Kudzora ndege kunotanga pakubhururuka. Kana kufamba kana kutaurirana neredhiyo kuchikwikwidzana kuti ndege inyatsoteerera, chengetedza kudzora, wobva wadzokera kune rimwe basa kana ndege yagadzikana. Munguva yekudzidziswa, tarisa mafambiro, kukwirira, uye traffic pane kutarisa pane chimwe chinhu. Pakubhururuka nemaziso, ramba uchitarisa kunze uye shandisa ongororo pfupi yechinhu kuti uongorore kubhururuka kwako.

Kugadzirira nekukurumidza kunogona kukusiya uchikanganiswa usati wasimuka uye zvichikonzera kudzora kwakawandisa mumhepo. Ongorora ndege nenzira yakarongeka, pedzisa runyorwa rwakakodzera, uye ronga rwendo rwayo usati wasimuka. Ongorora mamiriro ekunze kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira METARs neTAFs, uye funga nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ezvinhu musarudzo yako. Kana chinhu chekuongorora chichiita sechisina chokwadi, imbomira wokurukura nemudzidzisi wako usati waenderera mberi.

Panguva yekusimuka, yekumhara, uye yekutenderera, zvikanganiso zvinowanzo sanganisira kugadzirisa kamwe kamwe, kutadza kudzora kumhanya kwemhepo, uye kuedza kuchengetedza nzira isina kugadzikana. Pakumhara, tarisa pasi penzira yekumhanya panguva yekupenya kwemoto. Kana nzira yekufamba nemhepo ikava isina kugadzikana, tenderera.

Paruzivo rweFAA uye bvunzo dzinoshanda, zvikanganiso zvinogona kusanganisira kusanyatsoteerera mitemo yekutarisa kana kuoma kushandisa zvinhu zvekutanga zvekudzora ndege. FAA Private Pilot Airman Certification Standards inotaura nezve "checklist" ka44, ichisimbisa kuti checklist inoshandisa sei zvinhu mumabasa akaongororwa.

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa kubhururuka uye kutora pfungwa dzinodiwa pakufamba kwemotokari, kureba, kana kuchinja kwemamiriro ezvinhu. Kugadzirisa nemaune kunoteverwa nekumbomira uye kuskena kunobatsira kudzivirira kukanganisa kumwe chete pakudzora kuti kusakonzere zvimwe zvakawanda.

2. Kutaurirana kweredhiyo kwakajeka uye kwakapfupika

Kufona paredhiyo kunofanira kuendesa ruzivo rwakakosha pasina kuzara kwehuwandu. Usati wadzvanya maikorofoni, sarudza kuti uri kufonera ani, uri kutaura naani, nzvimbo yako, uye zvaunoda. Semuenzaniso, ronga chikumbiro chekupinda mumafambiro emota usati watumira pane kuinyora zvinonzwika. Kumbomira uku kupfupi kunotsigira kutaurirana kwakajeka uye kunoita kuti vanhu vanyanye kutarisisa pakubhururuka.

Dzidzira kufona kwakajairika pasi usati washandisa mundege. Nyora mienzaniso yezvinyorwa zvezvikumbiro zvetekisi, mishumo yenzvimbo, uye kuronga kwekumhara. Verenga zvese zvinonzwika, wobva wabvisa mitsara isingawedzere ruzivo rwakakosha. Chinyorwa chishandiso chekudzidzira, kwete chinotsiva kuteerera mirairo kana kupindura mamiriro ezvinhu anochinja. Kugadzirira kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kuvhiringidzika kweredhiyo, chimwe chezvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa nevadzidzi vekutyaira ndege.

Kuteerera mafambiro eredhiyo yendege kunogona kukubatsira kuziva kuti mafoni anopinda sei mundege. LiveATC ndeimwe yenzira dzekudzidzira. Tevedzerai kuchinjana monyora kuti mutyairi wendege anotaura riini, ruzivo rwupi rwunogovaniswa, uye kuti mudzori wendege anopindura sei. Wobva wadzidzira kutevedzana kwemafambiro acho nekunyora kwekunyepedzera. Munguva yekudzidziswa, kumbira mudzidzisi wako kuti atsanangure mafoni asina kujairika pane kufungidzira kuti opindura sei.

Teerera usati watumira. Kana mumwe mutyairi wendege kana mutyairi ari kutaura, mirira kusvika nguva yapera kunze kwekunge paine dambudziko guru rinoda kuti zvidaro. Ramba wakatarisa meseji yega yega pane chinangwa chayo. Tsananguro refu inogona kuvharidzira nzvimbo yako kana chikumbiro chako, nepo kufona kupfupi kuchibatsira vanodzora mafambiro endege nevamwe vatyairi vendege kuziva ruzivo rwavanoda.

Shandisa nzira iri nyore yekugadzirira: sarudza chiteshi, ronga zvinhu zvakakosha, wobva wataura zvakajeka nekumhanya kwakayerwa. Siya ruzivo rwusina chekuita uye usadzokorore ruzivo rwakatozivikanwa. Kana murairo usina kujeka, kumbira kujekeswa pane kufungidzira. Kunzwisisa kunokosha kupfuura kutaura zvakanaka. Kudzivisa zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa nevadzidzi mubasa reredhiyo kunotanga nekuteerera nokungwarira uye kutaurirana chete zvinodiwa nemamiriro ezvinhu.

Basa reredhiyo harifanirwe kutora nzvimbo yekudzora ndege kana kuongorora nemaziso. Panguva yekumhara, gara uchiziva nezvendege nemota dziri kufamba paunenge uchigadzirira kufona kwenguva pfupi. Kana basa rikawedzera, isa pfungwa dzako pakubhururuka uye tevera nhungamiro yemudzidzisi wako. Kutaurirana kunotsigira ruzivo rwemamiriro ezvinhu; hazvitsivi kutarisa kunze kana kutarisira ndege.

Kudzidzira nguva dzose kunoita kuti mabasa eredhiyo ave chikamu chakajairika chekudzidziswa kwekubhururuka. nzvimbo yakarongeka yechikoro chekubhururuka zvinogona kubatsira vadzidzi kudzidzira kufona pamwe chete nezvidzidzo zvekubhururuka. Uya nemuenzaniso chaiwo kumusangano wako unotevera, wakaita sekutumira kwawakaona kwakaoma, uye dzidzira shanduro yakajeka nemudzidzisi wako usati wabhururuka.

3. Kushandisa zvinhu zvinotariswa usati wabhururuka nendege

Chinyorwa chekuongorora chinoshandura kugadzirira kuita nzira inodzokororwa pachinzvimbo chekuyedza kurangarira. Izwi rekuti "checklist" rinoonekwa ka44 muFAA Private Pilot Airman Certification Standards, richiratidza nzvimbo yaro mumabasa akaongororwa. Shandisa chinyorwa chekuongorora chakanyorwa chendege chaiyo, tevera nhanho imwe neimwe munhevedzano, uye simbisa chinhu chimwe nechimwe. Kujairana nendege hakusi chikonzero chekusvetuka nhanho.

Svikai nekukurumidza kuti mupedze kufamba-famba uye kugadzirira cockpit musingamhanye. Musati mabhururuka, ongororai mamiriro ekunze, NOTAMs, huremu nekuenzana, ndege, uye hurongwa hwekubhururuka. Shandisai nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemamiriro ekunze, kusanganisira METARs neTAFs, kuti mugadzire mufananidzo wakakura wemamiriro ekunze. Enzanisai hurongwa hwenyu nendege chaiyo nemamiriro ekunze musati masimuka. Kana chinhu chekuongorora chichiita sechisina chokwadi, bvunzai mudzidzisi wenyu kana makanika musati matanga injini.

Paunenge uchiongorora usati waenda kunhandare, verenga runyorwa rwezvinhu woongorora chinhu chimwe nechimwe pane kuvimba nemafambiro awakabata nemusoro. Kugara uchitevedzera zvinhu zvinoita kuti zvisipo zvive nyore kubata: pedza danho rimwe chete, simbisa mhedzisiro yacho, wobva waenderera mberi. Kana chimwe chinhu chikakukanganisa, dzokera kurondedzero yakanyorwa woona pawakagumira. Kutangazve nemaune kwakachengeteka pane kufungidzira kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvasara.

Kuronga kufamba kunorevawo kusarudza nzvimbo dzekutarisa dzaunogona kuona uri mumhepo. Funga nezvekuonekwa panguva yakarongwa: njanji hadzina kunaka dzekutarisa husiku, nepo shongwe diki dzine mwenje dzingaomera kuziva masikati. Maka zvakajeka zvinongedzo zvinoonekwa pahurongwa hwenyu hwekubhururuka, wobva waongorora nzvimbo yenyu nemepu kana GPS. Kuongororwa kwealtimeter nguva dzose kunopa imwe referensi yekuchengetedza ruzivo.

Vadzidzi vanotyaira ndege vanogona kurasikirwa nenzvimbo kana kufuratira miganhu yendege panguva yekubhururuka. Ronga nzvimbo dzinoonekwa dzekutarisa, ongorora nzvimbo yendege iri munzira yako, uye ongorora nzvimbo yako uchishandisa mareferensi ekuona uye maturusi ekufambisa.

Kushandisa zvinhu zvinotariswa pakubhururuka kunoda nguva yakanaka uye kutarisirwa kwekutarisa. Dzidzira kufamba kwezvinofanira kuitwa panguva dzisina ruzha, basa risati rawedzera, kuitira kuti usanyanya kunonoka kufamba nendege. Semuenzaniso, shandisa chikamu chakanyarara chekubhururuka kuti uongorore basa rinotevera rakarongwa, wobva wapedzisa zvinhu zvinotariswa panguva yakakodzera. Ramba uchifambisa ndege sechinhu chako chekutanga. Mira basa rekuongorora kana kudzora, traffic, kana mamiriro ezvinhu achichinja achida kutariswa newe.

Usati wasvika, shandisa runyoro rwakakodzera uye ongorora chinhu chimwe nechimwe nemaune pane kungomhanya-mhanya. Kana ukakanganiswa, tangazve kubva pane zvawaongorora pane kuvimba nepfungwa. Maitiro aya anovaka hunyanzvi hwekubhururuka chidzidzo nechidzidzo: kugadzirira kunova kwakafanana, kuziva chinzvimbo kunovandudza, uye kugadzirisa kunotanga neruzivo rwakasimbiswa panzvimbo pekufungidzira.

4. Kugamuchira nekushandisa mhinduro dzevadzidzisi

Mhinduro dzemudzidzisi dzinobatsira kana dzichigadzira rwendo rwako runotevera. Mushure mechidzidzo, nyora pasi maneuverance chaiyo, kugadzirisa, uye zvekudzidzira. Semuenzaniso, nyora kuti "mira pakakwirira panguva yekutendeuka" pane kuti "vandudza kutendeuka." Usati waenda kubhururuka kunotevera, ongorora tsamba yacho uye ona chimwe chinhu chinoonekwa. Izvi zvinoshandura mhinduro kuita chinangwa chekudzidzisa chinoshanda panzvimbo pekufunga zvisina kujeka nezvekufambira mberi.

Bvunza mibvunzo nekukurumidza kana murairo usina kujeka. Mubvunzo mupfupi wekuti unotanga riini kugadzirisa kunogona kudzivirira kuvhiringidzika kumwe chete panguva imwe chete. Mushure mekutsanangura, pfupisa pfungwa yemudzidzisi nemashoko ako. Kana pfupiso yako ikasanzwisisa nyaya yacho, mudzidzisi wako anogona kuitsanangura pasi kusanzwisisana kusati kwatanga.

Dambudziko rinowanzoitika nderekugadzirisa kumhanya kwemhepo, kukwirira, uye kudzorwa kwendege pasina kutarisa pane chimwe chinhu kana kuita chimwe chinhu pakarepo kana paine chiratidzo chinochinja. Mudzidzi anogona kutevera shanduko diki pakukwira, obva agadzira kutsauka kwekukurumidza kwemhepo kana maitiro. Gadzirisa zviri nyore, bvumira ndege kuti ipindure, uye tarisa zvimwe zviridzwa nezviri kunze.

Gadzira chishandiso chinoongorora kubva pakutarisisa kwemhepo kuenda pakumhanya kwemhepo, kureba, kuenda, uye kudzokera pakutarisisa kwemhepo. Kutevedzana uku kunoita kuti chishandiso chimwe nechimwe chive nechinangwa pasina kutarisa pane chimwe chiratidziro. Semuenzaniso, kana altimeter ikaratidza kutsauka, tarisa maitiro uye kumhanya kwemhepo usati wagadzirisa. Wobva wadzorera pfungwa dzako kuchiratidzo chemaitiro uye mufananidzo wekunze.

Kuongororwa kwezvishandiso hakufanirwe kuva chiratidzo chemugero. Panguva yekushanda kwemapatani, tarisa kunze kuti uone kana paine traffic, wobva waongorora zvishandiso zvishoma kuti usimbise parameter yekubhururuka. Usati watanga kufamba, tarisa zviratidzo uye ramba uchitsvaga traffic sezvaunotarisa pane panel. Kana mamiriro ekunze kana basa zvikachinja mufananidzo wekunze, wedzera scan yako uye uudze mudzidzisi wako zvaunoona.

Shandisa mhinduro kunatsiridza scan yako. Kana mudzidzisi wako akaona kuti wakarasikirwa nekuchinja kwemusoro, ongorora apo maziso ako akafamba kubva kunze kwekutarisa kune chiratidzo chemusoro. Dzokorora manejimendi nekuongorora nemaune, kwete kuramba wakatarisa chiridzwa chacho. Panguva yekukurukura, bvunza kuti ndechipi chiratidzo chaifanira kunge chakakonzera kugadziriswa uye kuti chakaonekwa riini.

Chengeta chinyorwa chipfupi chezvidzidzo chine maneuver, mhinduro yemudzidzisi, uye kugadziriswa kwakarongwa. Zviongorore pamwe chete nerondedzero yakakodzera usati waenda kunhandare yako inotevera, wobva wakumbira mudzidzisi wako kuti aone hunyanzvi ihwohwo. Izvi zvinobatanidza mhinduro kune chiito uye zvinopa iwe nemudzidzisi wako hwaro hwakajeka hwekukurukura kufambira mberi. Nyorawo zvakavandudzika, kuitira kuti chidzidzo chinotevera chivakwe pakuita kwakaratidzwa kwete pakurangarira chete.

5. Kuchengetedza purogiramu yekudzidzisa yakafanana

Kudzidzira nguva dzose kunobatsira kutanga hunyanzvi hutsva. Vadzidzi vanotyaira ndege vanokurudzirwa kubhururuka kaviri kusvika katatu pasvondo, kana zvichibvira, uye kudzidza nezvenzvimbo yemuchadenga, mamiriro ekunze, uye mitemo yekubhururuka kwemaawa mashoma vhiki rega rega. Kufamba kwenguva refu kunobatsira kubatanidza kudzidza pasi nesarudzo dzinoitwa panguva yekudzidzira kubhururuka.

Kuisa zvidzidzo zviri kure zvakanyanya kunogona kuita kuti kudzidza kwekutanga kuome kurangarira. Mudzidzi angangoda kuongororazve maneuver, nzira yeredhiyo, kana kufamba kwemutyairi wendege asati aenderera mberi. MuUnited States, vadzidzi vepachivande vanopedza maawa angangoita makumi matanhatu kusvika zana ekudzidzira kubhururuka vasati vagadzirira. Nhamba iyoyo iavhareji, kwete chinangwa chemudzidzi wese; kufambira mberi kunoenderana nekuvaka hunyanzvi muhunyanzvi hunodiwa.

Ronga vhiki rinodzokororwa rekugadzirira zvidzidzo, kubhururuka, uye kudzokorora. Semuenzaniso, dzidza mamiriro ekunze nenzvimbo yemhepo usati waita chidzidzo chakarongwa, wobva wanyora hunyanzvi hwawakaita mushure mezvo. Usati waenda kundege inotevera, dzokororazve manotsi ako wosarudza mubvunzo mumwe chete wemudzidzisi wako. Kutenderera uku kunobatanidza chidzidzo chimwe nechimwe nechinotevera pane kubata ndege sezviitiko zvakasiyana.

Kugara uchidzidzira kunotsigirawo kuziva mamiriro ezvinhu. Kudzidzira kakawanda kunokupa mikana yakawanda yekutsvaga traffic, kutarisa mafambiro uye kukwirira, uye kuona mamiriro ekunze achichinja. Mabasa aya anokwikwidzana kuti acherechedzwe kana asina kujairika. Purogiramu yenguva dzose inokutendera kuti uiongororezve mumamiriro ezvinhu, ukuwo mudzidzisi wako achigona kuona kuti ndeapi hunyanzvi hunoda kudzidzira zvakanyanya.

Upenyu, mamiriro ekunze, uye kuronga ndege zvinogona kukanganisa zvirongwa zvako. Kana rwendo rwendege rukambomiswa, shandisa nguva yekudzidza iripo kuti uongorore mafambiro echidzidzo chekare, manotsi, uye zvinhu zvakapihwa. Usati wadzokera kundege, kurukura nezvekuchinja kwekugadzirira kwerwendo nemudzidzisi wako. Tangazve nepfungwa yakatarisana pane kutarisira kuti rwendo runotevera ruchafukidza zvese zvawakarasikirwa nazvo.

Ita kuti purogiramu yako igare kwenguva refu nekusarudza nguva yekudzidza nguva nenguva uye nguva dzekubhururuka dzinoenderana nezvawakavimbisa. Chengetedza nguva yekugadzirira, asi usatore chidzidzo chakarongwa sechinhu chakakosha kupfuura chisarudzo chakanaka chekuenda kana kusaenda. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu kana kugadzirira kwako zvikakonzera kunetseka, kurukura nemudzidzisi wako nezvenjodzi usati waenda. Chirongwa chinochinjika chinochengetedza kuenderera mberi pasina kuita kuti karenda ikumanikidze kuti ubhururuke.

Tevedzera kufambira mberi kuburikidza nematanho chaiwo, akadai sekupedzisa maneuver nekudzora musoro zvakanaka kana kurangarira kuyerera kwekutarisa. Ongorora zviratidzo izvozvo nemudzidzisi, wobva waisa chinangwa chechidzidzo chinotevera. Izvi zvinoita kuti sarudzo dzekudzidzisa dzive dzakajeka uye zvinobatsira kusiyanisa kudzokera shure kwenguva pfupi kubva kuhunyanzvi hunoda kudzokororwa. Ronga danho rako rinotevera rekudzidzira nehurongwa hwakarongeka.

Chikoro Chendege USA: Dzimba dzeVadzidzi

Chikoro cheFlight USA chinopa dzimba dzevadzidzi kune vanoda kudzidzira kubhururuka vachidzidzira kubhururuka nguva dzose. Kugara kwakakodzera kunogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kuronga zvidzidzo nezvidzidzo zvinoenderana nepurogiramu yekudzidziswa yakaoma, kunyanya kana uri kutamira kune imwe nzvimbo kunodzidziswa kubhururuka.

Funga nezveDzimba dzeVadzidzi kana kufamba kana kutama zvichiita kuti zviomere kuchengetedza tsika yakajairika. Hurongwa hwekugara hwakagadzikana pamwe chete nezvidzidzo zvakarongwa uye zvidzidzo zvekubhururuka zvinogona kukubatsira kuti utarise pakugadzirira, mhinduro dzevadzidzisi, uye kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwako nguva dzose. Flight School USA inopawo Fixed-Price Career Program, CFI Fast Track Program, uye GI Bill Flight Training kune varwi vanokodzera.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve dzimba dzevadzidzi uye nzira dzekudzidzira, taura neFlight School USA.

Isa tsika dzakarongwa muchikamu chako chinotevera

Kubudirira kwakasimba kwekutyaira kunobva pakubata chidzidzo chimwe nechimwe sechikamu chechinangwa chikuru chebasa. Shandisa sarudzo yako inotevera yekudzidziswa kujekesa zvauri kushanda nazvo, kungave kuri kuvaka hunyanzvi hwebasa, kugadzirira kudzidziswa kwemurairidzi, kana kuona kuti mabhenefiti ako ekare anoenderana sei nekudzidziswa kwekubhururuka.

Flight School USA inopa Chirongwa Chebasa Chine Mutengo Wakatarwa, Chirongwa Chekukurumidza cheCFI, uye GI Bill Flight Training. Sarudzo idzi dzinotsigira nzira dzakasiyana, saka funga kuti ndeipi inokodzera zvinangwa zvako uye danho rekudzidzira razvino. Zvikanganiso zvinowanzo kurukurwa pano mikana yekusimbisa kutonga uye kugara kwenguva refu, kwete zvikonzero zvekurasikirwa nesimba.

Tora danho rinotevera nekukurukura zvinangwa zvako zvendege uye nzira yekudzidzira inoenderana nazvo. Bata Chikoro Chendege USA kuti uongorore sarudzo dzako, wobva waramba uchivaka chinangwa netsika zvinokufambisa mberi.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

Chii Chaunofanira Kuita Kuti Udzivise Kusanzwisisa Nzvimbo Dzakakwirira Zvisina Kunaka?

Shandisa altimeter pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvekunze uye nzvimbo yako pamepu kana GPS. Kana kureba kwakaratidza kuchinja zvisingatarisirwi, tarisa mafungiro endege uye nzira yekubhururuka kwayo usati waita kugadzirisa kwakayerwa. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekutendeuka, enzanisa maitiro eatimeter nehorizon uye kuenda kwairi pane kuita chimwe chinhu chete. Kumbira mudzidzisi wako kuti akubatsire kuona zviratidzo zvinoonekwa mundege iyoyo.

Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa nevadzidzi vekutyaira ndege panguva yekudzidziswa kwendege?

Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira kuchinja-chinja kwekutonga kamwe kamwe, kurasikirwa nenzvimbo, uye kugadzirira kana kudzidzira kusingaenderane. Kuti uone maitiro anodzokororwa, enzanisa mhinduro dzemudzidzisi muzvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana. Kana dambudziko rimwe chete rikaonekwa mumatanho akasiyana, tsvaga chiratidzo chawakarasikirwa nacho uye kumbira mudzidzisi wako kuti aise chinangwa chekudzidzira chakatarisana. Kugadzirisa chikonzero chinodzokororwa kunobatsira pane kuona chikanganiso chimwe nechimwe sechisina hukama.

Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvekuongorora ndege dzisati dzabhururuka zvinowanzoitwa nevadzidzi vendege?

Kumhanya-mhanya, kuvimba nekurangarira, uye kutadza kutangazve nekungwarira mushure mekukanganiswa kunogona kuita kuti matanho ekuongorora asakwane. Kana mumwe munhu akataura newe pakati pekufamba-famba, mira wobva waona chinhu chekupedzisira chawakaongorora. Dzokera pane rondedzero yakanyorwa ipapo woenderera mberi nekutevedzana. Kana mamiriro endege achiita seasina chokwadi, imbomira wokurukura nemudzidzisi wako usati waenderera mberi.

Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvekutaurirana neredhiyo uye zveATC zvinowanzoonekwa pakati pevadzidzi vekutyaira ndege?

Vadzidzi vanogona kutumira meseji vasati varonga meseji, kufona kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvinodiwa, kana kufungidzira murairo wavasinganzwisisi. Kana gwara remutongi risina kujeka panguva yetekisi, usaite chimwe chinhu chawakafungidzira. Kumbira kujekeswa uye iva nechokwadi chekuti wanzwisisa murairo usati wapindura. Paunenge wakabatikana, tanga wateerera uye gadzirira ruzivo rwakakosha kuitira kuti kutumira kwako kurambe kwakakodzera.

Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvekuongorora zvine chekuita nemamiriro ekunze zvinoitwa nevadzidzi vekutyaira ndege?

Chikanganiso chinowanzoitika pakusarudza mamiriro ekunze ndechekuona mushumo wemamiriro ekunze semufananidzo wese. Enzanisa mamiriro ezvinhu akaonekwa, akadai seruzivo rweMETAR, nekufanotaura, kusanganisira maTAF, uye cherechedza kana mamiriro ezvinhu ari kuchinja munzira yawakaronga. Kana mamiriro ekunze akasiyana neakataurwa, kurukura kuti anokanganisa sei kuona, sarudzo dzenzira, uye chidzidzo chakarongwa nemudzidzisi wako. Usarambe uine njodzi yekubhururuka inokuita kuti usanzwa zvakanaka.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzereswa nekuongorora uye zvikanganiso zvebasa remutyairi wendege zvinogona kukonzerwa nevadzidzi vekutyaira ndege?

Kutarisira mabasa akawanda emuchadenga panguva imwe chete kunogona kukuvhiringidza kubva pakudzora ndege uye kuziva mamiriro ezvinhu. Bata mabasa asingakurumidzi panguva yekubhururuka kwakanyarara, basa risati rawedzera. Kana kukanganisika kukakanganisa mafambiro ekutarisa kwako, tangazve kubva pane zvawakaongorora. Munguva yekushanda zvakaoma, tarisa pakubhururuka uye mira mabasa anogona kumirira zvakachengeteka.

Varairidzi vendege vangabatsira sei vadzidzi kuziva nekugadzirisa zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa pakutyaira ndege?

Varairidzi vanogona kubatsira kuona chiratidzo chakatangira chikanganiso uye kuratidza mapinduriro. Semuenzaniso, mushure mekunge mudzidzi atsauka kubva pamusoro wakasarudzwa, murairidzi anogona kukurukura zvakaonekwa nemudzidzi, apo kutsauka kwacho kwakava pachena, uye kuti ndeipi kugadzirisa kwakakodzera. Vadzidzi vanogona kukumbira kumwe kuyedza kudzidziswa, vozotsanangura zvakachinja. Kukurukurirana ikoko kunobatanidza kucherechedza nehunyanzvi hwakati.