Zofunikira Zovomerezeka Payekha kwa Ophunzira Oyendetsa Magalimoto: Mndandanda Wowunika wa CFR

pansi 14 CFR §61.87, wophunzira woyendetsa ndege ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zitatu zazikulu asanakwere yekha: kupambana mayeso a chidziwitso cha ndege omwe mphunzitsi amayesa (ndi mayankho onse olakwika omwe awonedwa asanapereke chitsimikizo), kulandira ndikulemba maphunziro a ndege asanakwere yekha ndikuwonetsa luso pa mtundu ndi mtundu womwe akukwera, ndikukhala ndi chikalata chotsimikizira chomwe chasainidwa ndi mphunzitsi wovomerezeka mkati mwa masiku 90 apitawa. Palibe wophunzira amene angachite ngati woyendetsa ndege wotsogolera ndege payekha popanda kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zitatu nthawi imodzi.

Zikalata zoti munyamule tsiku lokhala nokha:

• Satifiketi yoyendetsa ndege ya wophunzira (yoperekedwa ndi FAA)
• Satifiketi ya zachipatala, ngati ikufunika pa gulu la opaleshoni (la kalasi yachitatu kapena yoposa pa opaleshoni zambiri za ophunzira)
• Chithunzi cha ID choperekedwa ndi boma (layisensi yoyendetsa galimoto, pasipoti, kapena chofanana nacho)
• Kuvomerezedwa kwa buku la zolemba zomwe zikufotokoza mtundu ndi mtundu wake, zomwe zili mkati mwa masiku 90 a kalendala
• Satifiketi yoyenerera ndege kuuluka, satifiketi yolembetsa, zoletsa zogwirira ntchito, ndi deta yokhudzana ndi kulemera ndi kukwanira (zolemba za AROW)
• Zolemba za TSA/nzika ngati zikugwirizana ndi pulogalamu yanu yophunzitsira

Mfundo zoyendetsera malamulo:

• 14 CFR §61.87 — lamulo lolamulira la ma promotion onse oyamba a solo
• 14 CFR §61.93 — kuvomereza payekha kudutsa dziko
• 14 CFR §61.95 — Ntchito za mlengalenga za Class B zokha
• 14 CFR §61.51 — zofunikira pakulemba zolemba, kuphatikiza nthawi ya PIC mukakhala payekha

Zitengera Zapadera

Pansi pa 14 CFR §61.87, wophunzira woyendetsa ndege ayenera kukwaniritsa mayeso a chidziwitso, kulemba maphunziro ake asanayambe payekha mu mtundu ndi chitsanzo chake, ndikukhala ndi chilolezo cha mphunzitsi chomwe chilipo mkati mwa masiku 90 kalendala ndege iliyonse isanavomerezedwe mwalamulo.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• Kodi zofunikira zovomerezeka payekha zimati chiyani kwenikweni pansi pa 14 CFR §61.87?
• Kodi mayeso a chidziwitso cha ndege ayenera kuphimba chiyani, ndipo mphunzitsi ayenera kuchita chiyani?
• Kodi ndi maphunziro ati oyendetsa ndege asanayambe kuyenda yekha omwe wophunzira ayenera kumaliza ndikuwonetsa?
• Ndani angasayine chikalata chovomereza payekha, ndipo chiyenera kunena chiyani?
• Kodi ndi zikalata ziti zomwe wophunzira ayenera kunyamula patsiku lokha?
• Kodi ndi zilolezo zina ziti zomwe ndege zoyenda pandege za cross country, Class B, ndi usiku zimafunikira?
• Kodi ndi zolakwa ziti zomwe aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira amachita nthawi zambiri povomereza?
• Kodi FAA imafuna maola osachepera awiri musanachite solo yoyamba?
• Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito tsiku lililonse, chitsanzo cha zolemba za logbook, ndi ma tempuleti otsimikizira
• Momwe Florida Flyers Flight Academy imakonzekeretsera ophunzira maulendo apaulendo okha omwe amatsatira malamulo
• Mndandanda womaliza womwe CFI iyenera kuchita asanasainire kuvomereza kulikonse payekha
• Kukonzekera payekha ku Florida Flyers Flight Academy
• magwero

Kodi zofunikira zovomerezeka payekha zimati chiyani kwenikweni pansi pa 14 CFR §61.87?

Lamuloli lakonzedwa ngati mndandanda wa maudindo, nyumba iliyonse ili kumapeto. Gawo laling'ono (a) limakhazikitsa lamulo loletsa: palibe wophunzira woyendetsa ndege amene angayendetse ndege payekha pokhapokha wophunzirayo atakwaniritsa zofunikira za gawolo. Kuchokera pamenepo, lamuloli limapatsa ophunzira onse ntchito zinazake komanso mphunzitsi wovomerezeka.

Malamulo ena ofanana ndi amenewa akuwonjezera dongosololi. 14 CFR §61.93 imayang'anira maulendo apaulendo ...

The Chikalata cholangiza cha FAA AC 61-65H Zimawonjezera lamuloli ndi mawu ovomerezeka komanso njira zolembera zikalata. Sizikuposa CFR, koma oyang'anira a DPE ndi FAA amaona chilankhulo chake ngati muyezo waukadaulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu a AC 61-65H mu logbook yanu ndiyo njira yotetezeka kwambiri yomwe ilipo.

Kodi mayeso a chidziwitso cha ndege ayenera kuphimba chiyani, ndipo mphunzitsi ayenera kuchita chiyani?

Mphunzitsi ayenera kupereka mayeso olembedwa kapena olankhulidwa okhudza mitu yomwe yatchulidwa mu §61.87(b) ndipo ayenera kuwunikanso yankho lililonse lolakwika ndi wophunzirayo asanasainire kuvomereza kulikonse payekha. Kuwunikako sikosankha ndipo si mwambo. Oyang'anira a DPE ndi a FAA nthawi zonse amafufuza umboni wosonyeza kuti kuwunikako kunachitikadi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kalata yachidule ya mphunzitsi mu mbiri ya maphunziro yofotokoza tsiku ndi mitu yomwe yakambidwa ndi yofunika kwambiri kuposa kukambirana pakamwa komwe sikusiya njira iliyonse yolembera.

Mitu yomwe mayeso a chidziwitso ayenera kuyang'ana:

• Magawo ogwira ntchito a 14 CFR Parts 61 ndi 91
• Malamulo ndi njira zoyendetsera ndege pa eyapoti komwe ntchito za munthu payekha zidzachitikira
• Makhalidwe a ndege ndi zoletsa za ntchito ya mtundu/chitsanzo chomwe chiyenera kuuluka
• Njira zoyendetsera magalimoto pa eyapoti, kuphatikizapo kufika, kunyamuka, ndi njira zadzidzidzi
• Njira zopewera kugundana ndi malamulo olowera
• Kupewa kulowerera mumsewu, kuphatikizapo ntchito zapansi
• Kupewa kusokonezeka kwa maso
• Zotsatira za kutalika kwa kachulukidwe ka ndege pa magwiridwe antchito ake
• Kuwerengera kulemera ndi kulinganiza
• Njira zadzidzidzi

Mayesowa angaperekedwe pakamwa, polemba, kapena ngati kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri. Chofunika mwalamulo ndichakuti mphunzitsi athe kusonyeza, ngati atafunsidwa, kuti nkhani iliyonse yaphunziridwa ndipo mipata iliyonse yakonzedwa asanapereke chivomerezo.

Ovomereza Tip: Ma CFI ayenera kusunga kalata yolembedwa ndi mphunzitsi mu chikwatu cha maphunziro a wophunzira kapena tsamba la silabasi yomwe imalembedwa motere: “Ndawunikira zotsatira za mayeso a chidziwitso ndi [dzina la wophunzira] pa [tsiku]. Ndakambirana ndikukonza zolakwika pamagulu amlengalenga ndi njira zadzidzidzi. Wophunzira wasonyeza kumvetsetsa kwa zinthu zonse.” Chiganizo chimodzi chimenecho chingathetse funso loti munthu ayenera kutsatira malamulo m'masekondi ochepa.

Kodi ndi maphunziro ati oyendetsa ndege asanayambe kuyenda yekha omwe wophunzira ayenera kumaliza ndikuwonetsa?

Wophunzirayo ayenera kulandira ndi kulemba maphunziro a ndege mu njira iliyonse yoyendetsera ndege ndi njira zomwe zalembedwa mu §61.87© zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mtundu ndi chitsanzo chomwe chiyenera kuyendetsedwa, ndipo ayenera kusonyeza luso pa njira imeneyo kuti mphunzitsi wovomerezeka akhutiritse. "Kudziwa bwino ntchito" si muyezo wokhazikika wa manambala; ndi lingaliro la mphunzitsi kuti wophunzirayo akhoza kuchita ntchito zofunika mosamala komanso mosalekeza popanda kuyang'aniridwa.

Mayendedwe ndi njira zomwe zimafunikira musanavomerezedwe ndi awa:

• Kukwera ndi kutsika kwa sitima wamba komanso wodutsa mphepo
• Kuuluka molunjika komanso molunjika komanso mozungulira mbali zonse ziwiri
• Kukwera, kukwera, kutsika, ndi kutsika
• Ntchito zoyendera magalimoto pa eyapoti, kuphatikizapo kulowa, mphepo yamkuntho, malo oyambira, ndi omaliza
• Njira zopewera kugundana ndi njira zochotsera zopinga
• Malo olowera ndi kubweza katundu (malo odzaza ndi njira zofikira malo ogona, ngati kuli koyenera)
• Njira zadzidzidzi ndi kutsika mwadzidzidzi
• Ulendo woyenda pang'onopang'ono
• Njira zoyendera ndi kukana kutera
• Mayendedwe ofunikira pansi (monga momwe zingakhalire ndi ndege yophunzitsira)
• Kukwera ndi kutera m'malo otsetsereka komanso afupi (ngati kuli koyenera ku malo ophunzitsira)
• Kulankhulana pa wailesi ndi kulumikizana kwa ATC pa eyapoti yophunzitsira

Kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe kake ndiko njira yodalirika kwambiri yodziwira kukonzekera payekha. Mphunzitsi amene amaona wophunzira akuyenda njira zitatu zotsatizana mokhazikika ndi zisankho zoyenera amakhala ndi chidaliro chachikulu kuposa amene adawona kutera bwino kamodzi pambuyo pa njira zingapo zosasinthasintha.

Ovomereza Tip: Musanayambe gawo lovomereza, dziwitsani wophunzirayo za njira yobwerera mwadzidzidzi ku eyapoti yophunzitsira: kulephera kwa injini ponyamuka, njira yolowera kuti abwerere nthawi yomweyo, ndi kutalika kwa chisankho chopita/chosapita. Lembani zomwe zanenedwazo. Ngati chinachake chalakwika tsiku lokha, zolembazo zikusonyeza kusamala kwa mphunzitsi.

Ndani angasayine chikalata chovomereza payekha, ndipo chiyenera kunena chiyani?

Mphunzitsi wovomerezeka yekha amene anapereka maphunzirowo ndi kudziwa luso la wophunzirayo ndi amene angasayine chikalata chovomereza payekha. Chikalatacho chiyenera kufotokoza mtundu ndi mtundu wa ndege, tsiku loperekedwa, ndi nambala ya satifiketi ya mphunzitsi ndi tsiku lotha ntchito. Chikalatacho chimagwira ntchito kwa masiku 90 kuyambira tsiku losainidwa. Pambuyo poti zeneralo latsekedwa, wophunzirayo sangauluke yekha kachiwiri mpaka chilolezocho chitaperekedwa, zomwe zimafuna kuti mphunzitsiyo abwerezenso ndemanga ya chidziwitsocho komanso gawo la kayendetsedwe ka ndege yophunzitsira payekha.

Zitsanzo za mawu ovomereza (zochokera pa malangizo a AC 61-65H):

Kuvomereza koyamba kwa masiku 90 payekha (A.66 mu AC 61-65H):

Maulendo obwerezabwereza a pandege mkati mwa masiku 90 (A.67 mu AC 61-65H):

Mfundo zazikulu zokhudza chitetezo chalamulo:

• Mtundu ndi chitsanzo ziyenera kugwirizana ndi ndege yomwe ikuuluka; kuvomerezedwa ndi Cessna 172 sikulola kuti ndegeyo iyende yokha mu Piper PA-28.
• Nambala ya satifiketi ya CFI ya mphunzitsi ndi tsiku lotha ntchito ndizofunikira pa chitsimikizo chilichonse.
• Masiku 90 ndi masiku a kalendala, osati maola a ndege kapena kuwerengera maphunziro.
• Kuvomerezedwanso pambuyo pa kusiyana kwa maphunziro kumafuna kuphunzitsidwanso kolembedwa, osati kusaina kwatsopano kokha.

Ovomereza Tip: Sikani kapena jambulani chithunzi patsamba lililonse lovomereza nthawi yomweyo mutatha kusaina ndikusunga chithunzicho mu mbiri ya maphunziro a digito a wophunzira. Ngati buku lolembera latayika kapena lawonongeka, chosungira chimenecho ndicho umboni wokhawo wotsimikizira kuti chivomerezocho chinalipo. Masukulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nsanja za silabasi ya digito amatha kulumikiza scan mwachindunji ku fayilo ya maphunziro a wophunzirayo.

Kodi ndi zikalata ziti zomwe wophunzira ayenera kunyamula patsiku lokha?

Chikalata chilichonse chomwe chili pamndandandawu chiyenera kupezeka tsiku lokha. Kusowa ngakhale chimodzi kumabweretsa kuphwanya malamulo komwe kumayambitsa kukwera ndege isanayambe.

Malangizo a FAA okhudza kuyendetsa ndege za ophunzira amanena kuti satifiketi yoyendetsa ndege za ophunzira ndi chikalata chofunikira pa ntchito za munthu payekha. Satifiketi imeneyo, pamodzi ndi kuvomerezedwa kwa buku la zochitika, ndi chilolezo chovomerezeka choyendetsa ndege payekha.

Ponena za satifiketi yachipatala: ophunzira ambiri oyendetsa ndege omwe amaphunzira satifiketi yapayekha yoyendetsa ndege amafunikira satifiketi yachipatala ya kalasi yachitatu. Komabe, malamulo a satifiketi yachipatala ya FAA amapereka njira zochitira zinthu zina popanda chithandizo chamankhwala chachikhalidwe, kuphatikiza BasicMed ya oyendetsa ndege oyenerera komanso oyendetsa masewera omwe ali ndi laisensi yoyendetsa galimoto yovomerezeka. Ngati mukuphunzira pansi pa njira yachipatala yosakhala yachizolowezi, tsimikizirani zofunikira zenizeni ndi mphunzitsi wanu komanso malangizo apano a FAA musanafike tsiku loyenda nokha, chifukwa malamulo okhudza kuvomerezeka kwachipatala amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mwayi wopita payekha.

Kusamala mwachangu pa kayendetsedwe ka ndege: pangani mafotokopi a zikalata zonse ndikuzisunga padera kuchokera ku zoyambirira. Jambulani tsamba lovomerezeka la logbook ndikusunga pafoni yanu. Sungani zikalata za ndege (satifiketi yoyenerera kuuluka, kulembetsa, malire ogwirira ntchito, deta yolemera ndi yokwanira) m'thumba la zikalata za ndege ndikutsimikizira kuti zili ndi nthawi yokwanira ndege isanayambe ulendo uliwonse wa pandege.

Kodi ndi zilolezo zina ziti zomwe ndege zoyenda pandege za cross country, Class B, ndi usiku zimafunikira?

Ntchito zoyenda pandege, Class B, ndi usiku paokha, iliyonse imafuna kuvomerezedwa kwapadera kwa logbook kupitirira chilolezo choyamba cha masiku 90. Izi si zosintha kuvomerezedwa koyambirira; ndi zilolezo zosiyana zokhala ndi zofunikira zawo zophunzitsira komanso zofunikira zolemba.

kuti Buku lothandizira la Gleim Aviation ndi malamulo oyendetsera, dongosololi likugawika motere:

Munthu payekha kudutsa dziko (14 CFR §61.93):

• Mphunzitsi ayenera kuphunzitsa njira zoyendetsera ndege kudutsa dziko, kuphatikizapo kukonzekera, kuyenda panyanja, kuwunika nyengo, ndi njira zosinthira
• Chitsimikizo chingakhale cha njira inayake kapena maulendo obwerezabwereza panjira yomwe mphunzitsi wawunikiranso.
• Pa maulendo apanyanja opitilira makilomita 25 kuchokera ku eyapoti yochokera, kuvomerezedwa kwa njira inayake ndikofunikira.
• Zilolezo zina zoyendera dziko limodzi zokha zimaphatikizapo malire a 50 NM radius; maulendo opitilira pamenepo amafunika kuwunikanso ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi mphunzitsi.

Ntchito za mlengalenga za Class B zokha (14 CFR §61.95):

• Wophunzira ayenera kulandira maphunziro apansi ndi ndege omwe amaperekedwa ku malo a ndege a Class B komwe ntchito zake zidzachitikira payekha.
• Mphunzitsi ayenera kudziwa kuti wophunzirayo ali ndi luso pa njira zoyendetsera zinthu za mu kalasi B, kulankhulana, komanso kupewa magalimoto
• Chivomerezo chiyenera kutchula malo enieni a mpweya a Class B

Kugona wekha usiku (14 CFR §61.87(n)):

• Wophunzira ayenera kulandira maphunziro a ndege usiku, kuphatikizapo kukwera ndege usiku ndi kutera pa eyapoti komwe munthu payekha adzachitikire.
• Chitsimikizo ndi chapadera pa ntchito za usiku ndi bwalo la ndege
• Kuphunzira payekha usiku kumafuna kuvomerezedwa kwina ngakhale wophunzirayo ali ndi kuvomerezedwa payekha masana

Kodi ndi zolakwa ziti zomwe aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira amachita nthawi zambiri povomereza?

Cholakwika chachikulu chomwe mphunzitsi angachite ndi kupereka chivomerezo chonse chomwe sichinatchule mtundu ndi chitsanzo, kapena kuvomereza wophunzira wa mtundu wa ndege yomwe mphunzitsi sanapereke maphunziro ake payekha. §61.87(p), mphunzitsi ayenera kuti adaphunzitsa mtundu ndi chitsanzo chake ndipo ayenera kudzisankhira yekha luso asanasayine. CFI yemwe amavomereza wophunzira wa Piper Warrior atamuphunzitsa yekha mu Cessna 172 wapereka chivomerezo chosatsatira malamulo mosasamala kanthu za luso la wophunzirayo.

Zolakwika zomwe aphunzitsi ambiri amachita:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ovomerezeka omwe sakuphatikizapo kapangidwe ndi chitsanzo
• Kulephera kulemba ndemanga ya mayeso a chidziwitso, osasiya umboni uliwonse woti ndemangayo idachitika
• Kulola kuti nthawi ya masiku 90 ithe popanda kuvomerezanso asanayambe yekha wophunzirayo
• Kuona kuti chivomerezo cha nzika ya TSA chikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo motsimikizira zikalata za wophunzirayo
• Kuvomerezanso popanda kubwereza gawo lililonse la maphunziro asanayambe payekha pambuyo pa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa maphunziro

Ophunzira ayenera kuwona zizindikiro zofiira asanafike tsiku lomaliza lokha:

• Tsiku lovomerezeka ndi masiku opitilira 90 apitawo
• Chitsimikizo sichitchula mtundu ndi chitsanzo cha ndege yomwe idzayendetsedwe
• Palibe ndemanga yolembedwa ya aphunzitsi yokhudza zolakwika za mayeso a chidziwitso yomwe yapezeka mu mbiri ya maphunziro
• Zikalata za ndege zikusowa, zatha ntchito, kapena sizili mu ndegeyo

Kodi FAA imafuna maola osachepera awiri musanachite solo yoyamba?

FAA siikhazikitsa nthawi yocheperako yofunikira paulendo wa pandege pa ulendo woyamba wa wophunzira payekha. Kukonzeka kumatsimikiziridwa kokha ndi luso lowonetsedwa monga momwe mphunzitsi wovomerezeka amaonera. Iyi ndi njira yosankha mwadala malamulo: muyezo ndi luso, osati nthawi ya wotchi.

Izo zinati, Malangizo a AOPA a maphunziro asanayambe payekha Zimasonyeza kuti ophunzira ambiri amafika pokonzekera okha mkati mwa maola 10-30 a maphunziro awiriawiri, ndipo kusiyana kumeneku kumayendetsedwa ndi mtundu wa ndege, kuchuluka kwa maphunziro, nyengo, komanso luso la munthu payekha. Ophunzira omwe amaphunzira ndege zovuta kapena m'malo ovuta amlengalenga nthawi zambiri amafunika nthawi yambiri mphunzitsi asanakhutire ndi kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe kake komanso luso ladzidzidzi.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri nthawi yochita wekha:

• Mtundu wa ndege ndi zovuta zake (chophunzitsira chosavuta poyerekeza ndi ndege yovuta kwambiri)
• Kuchuluka kwa maphunziro (maphunziro a sabata iliyonse poyerekeza ndi maphunziro ozama tsiku ndi tsiku)
• Kusinthasintha kwa nyengo panthawi yophunzira (kukumana ndi mphepo yamkuntho, chipwirikiti, ndi nyengo zina)
• Luso la ophunzira komanso chidziwitso cha ndege (kuyambira usilikali, nthawi yoyeserera, maphunziro apitawo)
• Malo okhala pa eyapoti (apamwamba poyerekeza ndi opanda nsanja, otanganidwa poyerekeza ndi magalimoto opanda phokoso)

Wophunzira akangoyamba ulendo wake yekha, 14 CFR §61.51(e)(4) imalola kulemba nthawi ya ulendowo ngati nthawi yoyendetsera ndege, bola ngati wophunzirayo ndiye yekha amene ali ndi chilolezo chovomerezeka. Nthawi ya PIC imawerengedwa kuti igwirizane ndi nthawi yonse yofunikira ya ulendo wa pandege pa satifiketi ndi ma ratings otsatira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulendo wake wa pandege ukhale wofunika osati kokha pantchito komanso pankhani ya kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito tsiku lililonse, chitsanzo cha zolemba za logbook, ndi ma tempuleti otsimikizira

Mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe munthu ayenera kuchita yekha asananyamuke:

• Tsimikizani kuti tsiku lovomerezeka la logbook lili mkati mwa masiku 90 a kalendala
• Tsimikizani kuvomereza kumafotokoza mtundu ndi chitsanzo cha ndege yamasiku ano
• Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi satifiketi yoyendetsa ndege ya wophunzira
• Tsimikizirani kuti satifiketi yachipatala ndi yanu ndipo ili ndi inu (kapena tsimikizirani kuti palibe chomwe chikuyenera kuchitika)
• Tsimikizirani kuti chiphaso cha boma chili ndi chithunzi chanu
• Chongani zikalata za AROW mu ndege (kuyenerera kuuluka, kulembetsa, malire ogwirira ntchito, kulemera ndi kukwanira)
• Pezani chidziwitso cha nyengo chokhazikika ndikutsimikizira kuti zinthu zili mkati mwa zofunikira zaumwini komanso zomwe mphunzitsi adakhazikitsa.
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kulemera ndi kulinganiza kwa kasinthidwe kayekha
• Landirani mphunzitsi asanayambe payekha, akukamba za njira zadzidzidzi zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa eyapoti yophunzitsira.
• Tsimikizani kuti wailesi ndi transponder zikugwira ntchito
• Fotokozani mfundo yoti injini igwire ntchito komanso njira yoti injini igwire ntchito ikangolephera kuigwira injini isanayambe kugwira ntchito.

Chitsanzo cha zolemba za buku la mbiri ya ophunzira (zolemba za ophunzira):

Chitsimikizo cha template yovomerezeka:

Kuti mudziwe mawu enieni pa mtundu uliwonse wovomerezeka, AC 61-65H ndiye gwero lodalirika. Buku lothandizira la Gleim Aviation limapereka malangizo othandiza omwe ma CFI ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pamodzi ndi AC.

Momwe Florida Flyers Flight Academy imakonzekeretsera ophunzira maulendo apaulendo okha omwe amatsatira malamulo

Florida Flyers Flight Academy imakonza kukonzekera kwake payekha ngati njira yopitira patsogolo, ndipo gawo lililonse limalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi lamulo linalake pansi pa 14 CFR §61.87. Ophunzira sapita patsogolo kupita ku chipata chotsatira cha maphunziro mpaka chomwe chilipo chikalembedwa ndikusainidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe wophunzira amene amafika tsiku lokhalokha ndi mbiri ya maphunziro awo.

Ndondomeko ya ntchito ikutsatira ndondomeko iyi:

• Chipata cha chidziwitso: Mphunzitsi amayang'anira mayeso a chidziwitso asanayambe payekha, amawunikanso mayankho onse olakwika ndi wophunzirayo, ndikulemba gawo lowunikiranso mu mbiri ya maphunziro ndi kalata yolembedwa ndi mphunzitsi yolembedwa tsiku.
• Zipata za luso: Ophunzira amamaliza gulu lililonse la maneuver mu §61.87© mu mtundu ndi chitsanzo chomwe chiyenera kuwulutsidwa, ndi malo owunikira silabasi osainidwa ndi mphunzitsi yemwe adawona momwe seweroli likuyendera.
• Chipata chogwirizana cha chitsanzo: Asanavomerezedwe, wophunzirayo amamaliza gawo loyang'aniridwa ndikuwonetsa njira zitatu kapena zingapo zotsatizana zokhazikika ndi zisankho zoyenera.
• Kusaina komaliza: Mphunzitsi wovomereza amatsimikizira kuti zipata zonse zatsekedwa, amawunikanso zikalata za wophunzirayo, ndipo amapereka chivomerezocho pogwiritsa ntchito mawu a AC 61-65H okhala ndi mtundu/chitsanzo, tsiku, ndi nambala ya satifiketi ya CFI.

Kusunga zolemba kusukulu kumaphatikizapo makope ojambulidwa a tsamba lililonse lovomerezeka lomwe limasungidwa mu fayilo ya ophunzira ya digito, ma silabu owunikira, ndi mndandanda wa zowerengera za maphunziro asanayambe payekha. Kapangidwe ka zikalatazo kamatanthauza kuti ngati woyang'anira DPE kapena FAA apempha umboni wa kuwunikanso mayeso a chidziwitso kapena ndondomeko ya maphunziro asanayambe payekha, yankho lake ndi kubweza mafayilo, osati kukumbukira.

Florida Flyers ili ndi bungwe lodziyesa lokha, lomwe limalola sukuluyi kuchita mayeso a FAA mkati mwa sukulu. Kwa ophunzira omwe akupita patsogolo kuchokera paokha kupita ku Private Pilot License ndi kupitirira apo, luso limenelo limachotsa kuchedwa kwa nthawi komwe nthawi zambiri kumasiyanitsa kumaliza maphunziro ndi mwayi wopeza mayeso othandiza.

Mndandanda womaliza womwe CFI iyenera kuchita asanasainire kuvomereza kulikonse payekha

Lamulo limodzi lokha lomwe limalamulira chisankho chilichonse chovomereza: sainani pokhapokha ngati mwawona momwe ntchito ikuyendera mofanana mu mtundu ndi chitsanzo chomwe mukufuna, mwatsimikiza kuti wophunzirayo akhoza kufotokoza ndikuchita njira yobwerera mwadzidzidzi, ndikutsimikizira kuti kuwunikanso mayeso a chidziwitso kwalembedwa mu mbiri ya maphunziro. Ngati chimodzi mwa zinthu zitatuzi sichinakwaniritsidwe, kuvomereza kukuyembekezerani.

Mndandanda wotsimikizira za CFI musanasainire:

• Mayeso a chidziwitso adaperekedwa ndipo mayankho onse olakwika adawunikidwanso ndikulembedwa ndi kalata ya mphunzitsi yolembedwa ndi tsiku.
• Maphunziro asanayambe munthu payekha atsirizidwa ndi mtundu ndi chitsanzo chomwe chiyenera kuyendetsedwa, ndi malo owunikira a silabasi osainidwa
• Kusasinthasintha kwa kapangidwe kake kwatsimikiziridwa pa maulendo angapo, palibe kugwira ntchito bwino ngakhale kamodzi
• Njira zodziwira zadzidzidzi zafotokozedwa ndipo wophunzira akhoza kufotokoza momveka bwino momwe injini yathandizira poyendetsa ndege pa eyapoti yophunzitsira.
• Zikalata za wophunzira zotsimikizika: satifiketi yoyendetsa ndege ya wophunzira, satifiketi yachipatala (kapena chosiyana ndi zina), ID ya chithunzi
• Zikalata za ndege zomwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi zamphamvu: kuyenerera kwa ndege, kulembetsa, malire ogwirira ntchito, kulemera ndi kukwanira
• Nyengo yawunikidwanso ndipo mkati mwa luso la wophunzira lomwe lawonetsedwa komanso zochepera zomwe mphunzitsi adakhazikitsa
• Mawu ovomerezeka akugwirizana ndi AC 61-65H, amafotokoza mtundu ndi chitsanzo, ndipo akuphatikizapo nambala ya satifiketi ya CFI ndi tsiku lotha ntchito

Misampha iwiri yoweruza ya akatswiri imafunika kusamala kwambiri. Choyamba ndi kukakamizidwa ndi nthawi: wophunzira amene wakhala akukonzekera yekha kwa milungu ingapo, akuonera banja lake komanso nthawi yophunzirira ikuchepa, zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikakamizidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti amaliza. Kuvomereza kuyenera kusonyeza kuweruza kodziyimira pawokha kwa mphunzitsi, osati kalendala. Chachiwiri ndi chiopsezo cha kusiyana kwa maphunziro: wophunzira amene anali wokonzeka yekha miyezi itatu yapitayo koma sanayende pandege kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi sali wokonzeka lero. Lamulo la ndalama la masiku 90 lilipo chifukwa luso lake limachepa. Kuvomerezanso kumafuna kuphunzitsidwanso, osati tsiku latsopano lokha.

Kukonzekera payekha ku Florida Flyers Flight Academy

Florida Flyers Flight Academy imapereka dongosolo lokonzekera payekha lomwe nkhaniyi ikufotokoza, lomangidwa mu gawo lililonse la mapulogalamu ake ophunzitsira ofulumira. Ma CFI a sukuluyi amatsatira zipata za luso zomwezo, machitidwe olemba mayeso a chidziwitso, ndi mawu ovomerezeka a AC 61-65H omwe afotokozedwa mu bukhuli, kotero ophunzira amafika tsiku lokha ali ndi mbiri yonse yophunzitsira yomwe ingawerengedwe m'malo mosonkhanitsa zolemba zosavomerezeka.

Kwa ophunzira omwe akufuna chilolezo cha Private Pilot kudzera mu satifiketi ya ATP, njira yofulumira ya sukuluyi kuchokera ku PPL kupita ku ATP m'maola 111 a maphunziro oyendetsa ndege imatanthauza kuti maphunziro omwe adakhazikitsidwa pagawo lokha amapitilira patsogolo kudzera mu mayeso aliwonse otsatira. Kuthekera kwa FAA checkride kudzera mu Self Examining Authority kumachotsa kusamvana kwa nthawi komwe kumachedwetsa ophunzira ambiri pakati pa kumaliza maphunziro ndi mwayi wopeza mayeso othandiza. Ngati mukufuna njira yokonzekera payekha yomwe imatsatira mwachindunji zofunikira za FAA ndipo imathandizidwa ndi chiwongola dzanja chopambana cha checkride koyamba choposa 90%, Florida Flyers Flight Academy ndi njira ina yokonzedweratu m'malo mwa maphunziro osakhazikika, a nthawi yochepa. Lumikizanani ndi academy kuti muwone mbiri yanu ya maphunziro, kutsimikizira momwe mumavomerezera, ndikukonza nthawi yanu yotsatira yophunzitsira.

magwero

Magwero omwe ali pansipa ndi maumboni akuluakulu a zolemba zoyendetsera malamulo, mawu ovomerezeka, ndi machitidwe olembera omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi. Tsimikizirani zolemba zonse zoyendetsera malamulo motsutsana ndi eCFR yomwe ilipo musanazidalire kuti zitsatidwe ndi malamulo, chifukwa malamulo akhoza kusinthidwa.

• eCFR :: 14 CFR 61.87 – Zofunikira payekha kwa ophunzira oyendetsa ndege. (FAR 61.87)
• AC 61-65H
• Maphunziro Oyambirira Payekha - AOPA
• Buku Lothandizira Ophunzira Oyendetsa Ndege — Gleim Aviation (2020)

Nthawi zonse onani nkhaniyi motsutsana ndi eCFR yomwe ilipo komanso mabuku ovomerezeka a FAA musanapange chisankho chilichonse chokhudza kutsatira malamulo. Malamulo amasintha, ndipo eCFR ndiye gwero lodalirika komanso losinthidwa nthawi zonse la mawu apano a 14 CFR Part 61.

akulimbikitsidwa

• Kamphindi kamodzi, chonde…