Ngā Whakaritenga Whakatauranga Taputapu me te Wā Whakangungu Tuturu

Ko ngā whakaritenga whakatauranga taputapu he papa whakangungu, ehara i te rā mutunga kua whakamanahia: i raro i te Wāhanga 61, me 40 hāora te roa o te wā taputapu tūturu, me te 50 hāora te roa o te wā whakawhiti whenua hei kaiurungi mō ngā taputapu. E kī ana te Tari Rehita ā-Motu mō te whakaritenga wā taputapu; he akoranga motuhake kei ngā kura Wāhanga 141, arā, 35 hāora te iti rawa o te whakangungu rere. Ko ngā akoranga whakatauranga taputapu tere e 10 ki te 12 ngā rā e pau ana, engari ko te wā e hiahiatia ana e koe e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō wheako, ki tō wā whakangungu, me tō rite mō te whakamātautau mahi.

He mea nui taua rerekētanga. Ko te tutuki i te iti rawa o ngā hāora kua tuhia, ehara i te mea kua rite koe ki te rere ki ngā paerewa taputapu, ki te puta rānei i te whakamātautau. E whakamārama ana tēnei aratohu i ngā ture whakangungu, whakawhiti whenua, wā taputapu, whakamātautau mātauranga, me te moni a te FAA, kātahi ka whakaatu i ngā mea ka taea te tere ake, te whakaroa rānei i te ara. Ka kite hoki koe i te rerekētanga o ngā whakaritenga o te Wāhanga 61 me te Wāhanga 141, kia taea ai e koe te whakatau tata i ō mahi e whai ake nei i runga i te ara e whai ana koe me te wheako kua riro i a koe.

Te whakangungu mātauranga rererangi

Mā te whakangungu mātauranga rererangi koe e whakarite kia mārama, kia whakamahi hoki i ngā tikanga taputapu i mua atu, i te wā hoki e rere ana. I te Hononga o Amerika, ko ngā whakaritenga whakatauranga taputapu ko te ako whenua kua whakaritea, he whakamātautau mātauranga, me te whakarite mō te whakamātautau mahi.

I te Hononga o Amerika, ko ngā utu whakangungu whakatauranga taputapu e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā utu rererangi me ngā kaiako, te nui o te whakangungu rere me te whakangungu whakatauira e hiahiatia ana, me te auau o te whakangungu. Ko te utu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take, ā, ka tukuna i muri i te tono whakatau tata.

Te Whakangungu Whenua me te Mātauranga

Ko te whakangungu whenua e kapi ana i te mātauranga e hiahiatia ana hei whakahaere i raro i ngā ture rere taputapu. Ka hono i te whakamaoritanga o te rangi, ngā ture, te whakatere, te whakamahere rere, me ngā tikanga taputapu ki ngā whakataunga i mahia i roto i te kokopiti.

Mō te whakatauranga taputapu tuatahi mā te akoranga Wāhanga 141, me 30 hāora te roa o te whakangungu whenua. Me whakarite hoki ngā kaitono Wāhanga 61 mō te whakamātautau mōhiotanga, engari kāore ngā whakaritenga kua whakarārangihia e whakatakoto ana i te roanga whakangungu whenua iti rawa mō taua ara. I roto i tētahi o ngā ara, me hono ngā tikanga ako ki ngā āhuatanga mahi, pērā i te whakamārama i tētahi tūtohi huarahi taputapu i mua i te rere i te huarahi.

Hangaia he mahere ako hanganga huri noa i ngā wāhanga mātauranga, kātahi ka whakamahi i ngā pātai whakaharatau hei tautuhi i ngā kaupapa ngoikore. Mō ia pātai i ngaro, arotakehia te ariā matua kaua e maumahara noa ki te kōwhiringa tika. Ka taea e te taputapu whakangungu, te whakatauira rānei te whakapakari i te hononga o ngā tikanga taputapu, engari kāore e whakakapi i te ako mātauranga rererangi, i te whakangungu rererangi rānei e hiahiatia ana.

Me whakaū ngā kaitono mēnā e hiahiatia ana he tautoko a te kaiako i mua i te whakamātautau tuhituhi. Me whakaaro ki taua tautoko hei taahiraa whakangungu whaimana, kaua hei taipitopito whakahaere: he whakaū i te whakarite ki te whakamātautau. Me paahi te kaitono i te whakamātautau mātauranga e hiahiatia ana, engari ko te tangata kua whiwhi kē i te whakatauranga taputapu puoro kāore e hiahia ki tētahi atu whakamātautau mātauranga.

Te Mātauranga Taputapu me ngā Whakamātautau Mahi

Ka aromatawaihia e te whakamātautau mōhiotanga taputapu mēnā ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te mōhiotanga rererangi ki ngā mahi taputapu. Ka aromatawaihia e te whakamātautau mahi tō mahi me tō whakatau i ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana.

Kei roto i te whakamātautau mātauranga rererangi FAA Instrument Rating-E 60 ngā pātai whiriwhiri maha, me eke ki te 70% te kaute paahitanga, ā, e 2 hāora te roa. Ka mau tonu te mana o te hua paahitanga mō ngā marama 24. Whakaritea te whakamātautau mahi i roto i taua wā mana; ki te kore, me mahi anō te whakamātautau mātauranga i mua i te whakaoti i te whakatauranga.

Whakaritea mō te whakamātautau mā te arotake i ngā ture, te rangi, ngā tūtohi, ngā pūnaha whakatere, me ngā tikanga taputapu. Mahihia ngā horopaki e hiahia ana koe ki te whakamārama i ngā mōhiohio, te whiriwhiri i tētahi tikanga, me te whakamārama i tāu whakatau. I te rā whakamātautau, pānuihia ia pātai me te āta wehewehe, me te wehewehe i ngā kupu ōrite, nā te mea he iti noa te rerekētanga o te kupu ka taea te whakarerekē i te whakautu tika.

Ko te whakamātautau mahi he aromatawai a te kaiwhakamātautau mēnā kei te tutuki koe i ngā paerewa rere e tika ana. Mā te paahi i te whakamātautau mōhiotanga anake, kāore e taea te whakarite i te rite mō te whakamātautau mahi. Arotakehia ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana me te kaiako, tae atu ki ngā tikanga taputapu me ngā whakataunga e tautoko ana i te rere haumaru. Whakaarohia ngā whakamātautau mōhiotanga me ngā whakamātautau mahi hei tohu motuhake, ā, whakamaherehia mō ngā mea e rua.

He aha ngā whakaritenga haora FAA mō te whakatauranga taputapu?

Ko te whai wāhi ki te whai i ngā hāora e whakakotahi ana i ngā wheako kua rēhitatia, ngā whakaritenga o te kāwai waka rererangi, me te whakangungu kua oti. Mō te whakatauranga waka rererangi, wehea ngā whakaritenga wheako Wāhanga 61 mai i ngā iti rawa o te akoranga Wāhanga 141 i mua i te whakamahere i te whakamātautau mahi.

Ngā Tikanga Whaimana me ngā Whakamanatanga

Ko te tikanga o te whai mana ko te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga tiwhikete, tau, reo, whakamātautau mātauranga, me te tautoko a te kaiako mō te whakatauranga taputapu. I te Hononga o Amerika, me 17 tau te pakeke o ngā kaitono, me pānui, me kōrero, me tuhituhi, me mārama hoki ki te reo Pākehā, ā, me pupuri he tiwhikete pailate tūmataiti o nāianei, me tono rānei i te wā kotahi mō tētahi me te whakatauranga rererangi e tika ana. Me whai tautoko pea ngā kaitono i te kaiako i mua i te whakaoti i te whakamātautau mātauranga taputapu.

Mō te whai mana hauora, ka whai mana a BasicMed mō ngā mahi IFR ina tutuki ngā pailate i ana whakaritenga, tae atu ki te mahi i roto i te United States i roto i te waka rererangi kei raro iho i te 12,500 lbs me te kore e neke atu i te 7 ngā kainoho. Ko ngā ngoikoretanga tirotiro noa ko te kore e pupuri i ngā paerewa mahi, te whakahaere i te huarahi whakatata, te whakatau tika rānei i ngā whakatau rere-pūoro. Hei tauira, ko te FAA Instrument Rating-Airplane ACS e kī ana kia tere te rere i roto i te 10 knots, te teitei i roto i te 100 putu, me ngā ahunga kua tohua i roto i te 10 nekehanga i roto i tana mahi whakatere kua tohua.

Wāhanga 61 me te Wāhanga 141 Te Whai Wāhitanga

He rerekē ngā ara whakangungu ture o te Wāhanga 61 me te Wāhanga 141, he rerekē ngā wheako me ngā whakaritenga akoranga. Mō te whakatauranga waka rererangi taputapu o Amerika, me roa te wā e 50 hāora te roa o te wā whakawhiti whenua hei pailate whakahaere, tae atu ki te 10 hāora i roto i te waka rererangi, e ai ki te Tari Rehita ā-Motu. Kāore te akoranga Wāhanga 141 e hiahia ana kia 50 hāora te roa o te wā pailate whakahaere whakawhiti whenua hei whai mana ki te whakamātautau mahi.

I raro i te Wāhanga 61, me tutuki hoki i ngā kaitono ngā whakaritenga mō te wheako taputapu i roto i ngā wāhi mahi kua tohua. Ko te rerenga whakangungu whakawhiti whenua taputapu-waka e tika ana me hipoki i te 250 maero moana i ngā ara rererangi, i te ara rānei i ahu mai i tētahi whare whakahaere waka rererangi, e ai ki te Tari o te Rēhita ā-Motu. Me whakauru he huarahi taputapu ki ia taunga rererangi me ētahi momo huarahi rerekē e toru e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha whakatere.

E ai ki te Tari o te Rēhita ā-Motu, me whakarato e te kura Wāhanga 141 te iti rawa 35 hāora o te whakangungu rere mō te whakatauranga taputapu tuatahi. Kāore e taea te whakawhiti i taua iti rawa o te akoranga ki ngā paearu wheako o te Wāhanga 61. Whakatauritea te hanganga akoranga o te ara ki te wā rere me te wheako whakawhiti whenua kua tuhia kētia, kātahi ka tautuhia ko ēhea ngā whakaritenga kei te toe tonu.

Mō te whakamahere, wehea te wheako katoa mai i te whakangungu e pā ana ki te whakatauranga taputapu. Tuhia te kaupapa o ia rerenga, te kāwai rererangi, te tūnga o te pailate-i-te-whakahaere, me ngā āhuatanga o te taputapu; mā aua rerekētanga ka whakatau mēnā ka pā te wā ki tētahi whakaritenga. He hanganga kua whakaritea mahere whakangungu rere ka taea te āwhina ki te whakarite i taua arotake i mua i te whakarite mō ngā whakamātautau mahi.

Ngā arowhai moni me te matatau o ngā taputapu

Ko te moni taputapu ko te wheako hou e hiahiatia ana hei mahi hei pailate whakahaere i raro i ngā ture rere taputapu. E whakatakoto ana te Wāhanga 61 i tētahi whakaritenga whakatata hurihuri, ā, mā te tirotiro matatau taputapu ka whakaratohia he ara motuhake hei whakahoki mai i te moni ina hiahiatia.

Te Pupuri i te Moni Taputapu

Kia mau tonu ai te whakamahi i ngā taputapu, me whakaoti e te pailate ngā huarahi e ono ki ngā taputapu i roto i ngā marama e ono kua pahure ake nei o te rerenga. Me uru ngā huarahi ki roto i taua wā tirotiro whakamuri. Kāore te whakatauranga taputapu i runga i te tiwhikete pailate e tutuki i tēnei whakaritenga wheako tata nei.

Whakamahia tō pukapuka takiuru hei aroturuki i ia huarahi me tōna rā, kia taea ai e koe te whakatau mēnā kei roto ngā ono e hiahiatia ana i te wā e ono maramataka e tika ana. Mena ka nekehia tētahi huarahi o mua ki waho o taua wā i mua i te rerenga IFR kua whakaritea, tatauhia anō ngā huarahi whai mana e toe ana. Tirohia te moni i mua i ia rerenga, kaua ko te wā anake ka tukuna te whakatauranga.

He hononga te moni me te matatau, engari he rerekē ngā pātai e whakautua ana e rāua. Ko te moni e pā ana ki ngā huarahi hou e hiahiatia ana; ko te matatau e pā ana ki te taea e koe te whakahaere haumaru i ngā tono o te rerenga. Ahakoa kua oti te tuhi i ngā huarahi e hiahiatia ana, me whai wā pea koe ki te whakaharatau i ngā tikanga, te whakahaere waka rererangi, te whakahaere kawenga mahi rānei i mua i te rere i roto i ngā āhuatanga taputapu tūturu.

Ngā Aromatawai Matatau Taputapu

Ko te tirotiro matatau taputapu, te IPC rānei, he aromatawai e whakamahia ana hei whakahoki mai i te uara o te taputapu ina kore e tutuki te whakaritenga whakatata-tata nei. Me whakauru te tirotiro i te iti rawa kia toru ngā whakatata taputapu. Ko te pailate kua neke atu i te ono marama te kore whakamahi taputapu, me whiwhi pea i te IPC me te Kaiako Rere Taputapu Whai Tiwhikete hei whakahoki mai i te uara.

Ehara te IPC i tētahi atu whakamātautau mātauranga. Ka aromatawaihia te rere ā-ringa i ngā taputapu, kaua i te mōhiotanga ā-tuhi mō te rererangi. Tuatahi, tautuhia ngā ngoikoretanga, kātahi ka whakamahi i ngā tohutohu me ngā mahi rere hei whakatika i aua ngoikoretanga i mua i te aromatawai. Ko te whakarite huarahi, te whakatere, te whakahaere waka rererangi, me te whakatau kaupapa katoa ka pā ki te pai o tō whakahaere i te rere taputapu.

Puritia ngā tuhinga e wehewehe ana i ngā huarahi rere a ngā taputapu mai i ētahi atu mahi rere. Ina arotakehia tō pukapuka takiuru, tautuhia ngā rā huarahi, te wā e ono marama te roa, me te mea kua oti i a koe te IPC. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te whakatau i tō tūnga o nāianei i mua i te whakaae ki tētahi mahi IFR, i te whakamahere rānei i tētahi rere whakawhiti whenua i raro i ngā ture rere taputapu.

Whakapakari i te pūkenga ki tua atu i te paepae moni iti rawa. Ka taea e te wā whakaharatau arotahi te aro ki tētahi tukanga uaua, ā, ka taea e te kaiako te aromatawai i te auau o tō whakahaere i te waka rererangi me te kawenga mahi. Whakamahia ngā āhuatanga tūturu o te taputapu ina tika mō te rere me te pailate; ka taea hoki e te whakaharatau whakatauira te āwhina i te whakawhanake i te pūkenga. Mā ngā huarahi e ono e hiahiatia ana ka whakatū te pumau, engari he mea nui tonu te whakarite pai mō ngā mahi taputapu haumaru.

Ngā whakaritenga wheako hiki-whakahaere-pūoro

Ka whakamahia e te whakatauranga hiki-whakakaha-ipurangi ngā tohu rere-ipurangi ki te wāhanga waka rererangi hiki-whakakaha. He rerekē te whakaritenga wheako whakawhiti-whenua i te wheako waka rererangi, nō reira tirohia motuhaketia ngā whakaurunga pukapuka takiuru mō ia wāhanga.

Mō te whakatauranga hiki taputapu-whakahaere o Amerika, me tuhi e te kaitono he 50 hāora o te wā whakawhiti whenua hei pailate e whakahaere ana, tae atu ki te 10 hāora i roto i te hiki-whakahaere. Ko te wāhanga 10-hāora he wāhanga o te tapeke 50-hāora, ehara i te moni tāpiri. Aroturukihia te tapeke me te wā motuhake mō ia kāwai ina arotakehia te tika.

Ko te wā whakawhiti whenua e whakaahua ana i ngā rerenga i waenga i ngā wāhi, ko te mana o te pailate-i-te-whakahaere e tuhi ana i te kaha i mahi ai koe. Mō ia whakaurunga pukapuka takiuru, tuhia te kāwai rererangi, te huarahi, me te tūranga PIC. Tērā pea ka tatauhia he rerenga rererangi ki tētahi rekoata wheako rerekē, engari kāore e whakakapi i te wheako hiki-kaha e hiahiatia ana.

Hangaia he arotake wheako i mua i te whakamahere i te whakangungu e toe ana. Tuatahi, ko te tapeke o ngā whakaurunga whakawhiti whenua i rere hei PIC. Muri iho, tautuhia te nui o taua tapeke i roto i ngā waka rererangi hiki-kaha. Kātahi ka whakatauritea ngā tatauranga e rua ki te whakaritenga whānui 50-hāora me tōna wāhanga hiki-kaha 10-hāora. Ka hurahia e tēnei tikanga tētahi ngoikoretanga ka taea te huna e tētahi tapeke "hāora whakawhiti whenua" kotahi kāore i te rerekētia.

He mea nui te kāwai waka rererangi ahakoa he rite te ara e rua o ngā rerenga. Hei tauira, kāore anō kia tutuki i te paearu wheako motuhake mō te kāwai te 50 hāora PIC whakawhiti whenua, engari he iti iho i te 10 hāora i roto i te hiki-kaha. I tetahi atu taha, kāore e tutuki i te katoa te katoa mēnā kei raro iho i te 50 hāora te roa o te wā PIC whakawhiti whenua.

Kia mārama, kia ōrite hoki ngā whakaurunga i roto i te pukapuka takiuru ararewa hiko. Tuhia ngā taunga rererangi wehenga atu me te taunga haerenga, te tautuhi waka rererangi, te roa o te rere, me te tūnga PIC hei wāhanga o tō tukanga takiuru noa. I te arotake i ō tuhinga, whakatauritea ngā whakaurunga ki ngā tapeke kāwai kaua e whakawhirinaki ki te mahara, ki ngā whakatau tata rānei. Mā ngā tuhinga mārama ka māmā ake te tautuhi i te wheako e hiahiatia ana e koe.

Kaua e whakaaro ki te wheako waka rererangi, he hērakapeta, me te hiki-ā-ringa hei mea whakawhitiwhiti. Ko te whakaritenga hiki-ā-ringa kua tukuna e tohu ana i te wā hiki-ā-ringa, ko ngā whakaritenga waka rererangi-pūrererangi ia e whakamahi ana i te wā waka rererangi. Ko tētahi ture motuhake mō te rerenga whakangungu whakawhiti whenua-hērakapeta-pūrererangi e kī ana kia 100 maero moana i te taha o ngā ara rererangi, mā te ara rānei kua tohua mai i tētahi whare whakahaere waka rererangi. Kaua taua tawhiti motuhake ki te hērakapeta e pohehetia mō te whakaritenga haora PIC hiki-ā-ringa.

Mā te whakamahere whenua ka ārai i ngā āputa ka taea te karo: arotakehia te pukapuka takiuru, whakarōpūhia ngā whakaurunga mā te kāwai waka rererangi, me te tatau i ngā tapeke PIC whakawhiti whenua i mua i te whakarite i ētahi atu rerenga. Kātahi ka whakamahia te āputa e toe ana i ia kāwai hei ārahi i te mahere hanga wheako. Mō te kaitono e whai ana i ngā mana hiki-kaha, ko te tirotiro whakatau ko ngā tapeke e rua: 50 hāora PIC whakawhiti whenua katoa me te 10 hāora hiki-kaha i roto i aua hāora.

Te wā taputapu tūturu, te wā whakaata rānei

Ko te wā o te taputapu he mahi i tuhia i raro i ngā āhuatanga taputapu tūturu, i ngā āhuatanga whaihanga rānei i ngā wāhi mahi kua tohua. I raro i te 14 CFR 61.65, me tuhi e te kaitono whakatauranga taputapu he 40 hāora o te wā taputapu tūturu, whaihanga rānei i ngā wāhi mahi kua tohua, e ai ki te Tari o te Rēhita ā-Motu.

Ko te wā taputapu tūturu he wheako i whiwhihia i te wā e mahi ana mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu i roto i ngā āhuatanga taputapu tūturu. Ko te wā taputapu whakatauira he mahi whakaharatau i roto i ngā āhuatanga whakatauira, pērā i te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu e ārai ana i te tirohanga me tētahi kaiako, te whakahaere rānei i tētahi taputapu whakangungu kua whakaaetia. Ka taea te tatau i ngā mea e rua ki te whakaritenga wheako ina tuhia tika, ā, i roto i ngā rohe whiwhinga e tika ana.

He mea nui ngā tohu mātauranga kaiako. Mō te wā whakamahi taputapu mō te whakatauranga waka rererangi taputapu o Amerika, me whiwhi kia 15 hāora te iti rawa mai i tētahi kaiako whai mana kei a ia te tohu waka rererangi taputapu, e ai ki te Tari o te Rēhita ā-Motu. Tuhia ngā tohu mātauranga a te kaiako me te whakangungu i whiwhihia, kaua e whakawhirinaki noa ki te tapeke hāora.

Ka taea e ngā taputapu whakangungu rererangi te tāpiri atu ki ngā akoranga rererangi, engari he rohe anō ō rātou whiwhinga. E ai ki te Tari o te Rēhita ā-Motu, ka taea e te kaitono o Amerika te tāpiri i te 10 hāora te roa o te wā taputapu i whiwhihia i roto i tētahi taputapu whakangungu rererangi taketake ki ngā whakaritenga wā taputapu. I raro i te Wāhanga 61, tae atu ki te 20 hāora i roto i tētahi Taputapu Whakangungu Rererangi Matatau ka taea te tatau ki ngā whakaritenga wheako.

Ko ngā tahua taputapu ka whakawhirinaki anō ki te whakahaerenga o te whakangungu. Haunga te tahua whakatauira Wāhanga 142, kāore e neke atu i te 20 hāora katoa ka taea te tāpiri ki ngā whakatauira, ngā taputapu whakangungu rere, ngā taputapu whakangungu rererangi, ngā huinga rānei. Mō te wā taputapu kua oti i raro i te Wāhanga 142, tae atu ki te 30 hāora i roto i te whakatauira rere katoa, i te taputapu whakangungu rere rānei ka taea te tatau. Kia motuhake te momo taputapu me te pūtake whakangungu i roto i te pukapuka takiuru.

E ai ki te Tari o te Rēhita ā-Motu, he rerekē te wheako whakawhiti whenua i te tapeke wā taputapu 40-hāora. Mō te whakatauranga taputapu-waka rererangi, me hipoki te rerenga whakangungu whakawhiti whenua IFR e hiahiatia ana i te 250 maero moana i ngā ara rererangi, i te ara rānei i ahu mai i tētahi whare whakahaere waka rererangi. Me uru ki te rerenga he huarahi taputapu ki ia taunga rererangi me ētahi momo huarahi rerekē e toru e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha whakatere.

Whakaritea ngā tuhinga mā te rere o te waka rererangi, te wā whakatauira, te taputapu whakangungu, te kaiako, me te tukanga kua oti. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te tautuhi i te wā e tika ana, me te tuhi i ia huarahi, i ia mahi rānei. Ka aro atu tētahi tiwhikete pailate tūmataiti me te whakarite mātauranga rererangi ki ngā wāhanga whai mana motuhake; kāore tētahi e whakakapi i te wheako taputapu kua tuhia. Ko te pūkenga reo Pākehā he whakaritenga anō hoki mō te kaitono, ehara i te whiwhinga mō ngā hāora taputapu.

Mō ngā mahi whakarite e hāngai ana i ngā wātū waka rererangi me ngā taputapu ki ngā tikanga taputapu, whakamahere whakangungu rere taputapu huri noa i te wheako e hiahiatia ana.

Kura Rererangi o Amerika: Kaupapa Mahi Utu-Pūmau

Kei te tuku a Flight School USA i tētahi Kaupapa Mahi Utu-Pūmau mō ngā pailate e hiahia ana ki te whai i tētahi mahi rererangi ngaio. Kia oti i a koe te arotake i ngā paerewa wheako, mātauranga, me te matatau ki ngā taputapu, whakaarohia te hononga o te whakatauranga ki ō whāinga whakangungu whānui. Whakatakotoria ngā whakaritenga e toe ana ki ngā tiwhikete me ngā whakangungu e whakaaro ana koe ki te whai, kaua e whakaaro ki te whakatauranga taputapu hei tohu motuhake.

Kei te tuku hoki a Flight School USA i tētahi Kaupapa Ara Tere CFI, he Whakangungu Rererangi GI Bill, he Ratonga Whakauru Visa M1, me tētahi Kaupapa Rite Rererangi. Ka aro atu ēnei kōwhiringa ki ngā taumata mahi rerekē me ngā āhuatanga o ngā ākonga. Mēnā kua rite koe ki te matapaki i ō whāinga whakangungu rere me ngā mahi ka whai ake, whakapā atu ki a Flight School USA.

Hurihia tō Mahere Whakangungu hei Ara Mahi

Honoa ngā whakaritenga whakatauranga taputapu ki te umanga pairati e hangaia ana e koe. Whakatauhia te wāhi e uru ai te whakatauranga ki roto i tō raupapa whakangungu, kātahi ka tautuhia te wheako me te whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana e koe. Mā te mahere mārama e hono ia whakataunga whakangungu ki tō ahunga whakamua e whakaarohia ana, kaua e whakaaro ki ia tiwhikete hei ūnga motuhake.

Kei te tuku a Flight School USA i tētahi Kaupapa Mahi Utu-Pūmau mō te whakangungu e aro ana ki te mahi, he Kaupapa Ara Tere CFI, me te Whakangungu Rere GI Bill. Ka aro atu ēnei kaupapa ki ngā whāinga me ngā āhuatanga rerekē, nō reira whakaarohia ko tēhea te mea e pai ana mō tō taumata e whai ake nei. Whakapā atu ki a Flight School USA ki te matapaki me pēhea te uru o ō whāinga whakangungu ki ēnei kaupapa.

Whakapā atu ki te Kura Rererangi o Amerika ki te matapaki i ō whāinga rererangi me ngā mahi e whai ake nei. Me haere tonu me te whai tikanga, ā, me whai hua ia rerenga hei pailate e hiahia ana koe kia noho.

Pātai Auau

Kia pēhea te roa e hiahiatia ana hei whakaoti i te whakatauranga o tētahi taputapu?

Ko te akoranga aromatawai taputapu tere e 10 ki te 12 ngā rā te roa, engari ko tō wā tūturu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te auau o te whakangungu, te rangi, te urunga ki ngā waka rererangi, me te rite mō te whakamātautau mahi. Ka taea e te kaupapa whakarite kia whakaitihia ngā āputa i waenga i ngā akoranga, engari ko te whakangungu kua whakaroahia me arotake me te mahi anō pea. Ka pā anō hoki tō wheako tīmatanga me tō kaha ki te whakatutuki i ia paerewa rere ki te tere. Whakamaherehia kia rite ki te pūkenga kua whakaaturia, kaua ko te rā maramataka whainga anake.

Wāhanga 61, Wāhanga 141 rānei?

Kei te Wāhanga 61 tētahi ara whakangungu i hangaia kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga wheako me te tautoko e tika ana; kei te Wāhanga 141 tētahi akoranga kua whakaaetia, he mea hanga hoki. Whakatauritehia te whakahaere a ia ara i tō wheako kua rēhitatia, te ahunga whakamua o te akoranga, me te toenga o te whakangungu rere. Hei tauira, he rerekē pea te taumaha o tētahi pailate he nui te wā PIC whakawhiti whenua i tētahi e tīmata ana i roto i te hanganga akoranga o te kura. Ko te pai rawa atu ka whakawhirinaki ki ō tuhinga, ki ō manakohanga whakangungu, me te mahere mahi.

He aha tonu te mahi a te tirotiro whakatauranga taputapu?

Ka aromatawaihia e te whakamātautau mahi mēnā ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi taputapu e hiahiatia ana e ai ki ngā paerewa FAA, kaua ko ngā tikanga whakahoki noa iho. Kei roto i te Whakatauranga Taputapu-Waka Rererangi a te FAA ngā mahi whakatere, te mahi ohorere, me ngā mahi whakatata taputapu. Hei tauira, ka tohua e tētahi mahi whakatere te tere hau i roto i te 10 knots, te teitei i roto i te 100 putu, me ngā ahunga kua tohua i roto i te 10 nekehanga. Ka aromatawaihia hoki e ngā mahi whakatata te aroturuki aratohu me te piri ki ngā iti rawa e tika ana.

He aha ngā whakaritenga a te FAA hei whiwhi i tētahi whakatauranga taputapu?

Mō te whakatauranga taputapu rererangi, me whiwhi ngā kaitono i te tiwhikete pailate e tika ana, ngā mōhiotanga me ngā tautoko e hiahiatia ana mō te rererangi, ngā wheako rere e tika ana, me te whakamātautau mahi kua oti. Me 17 tau te pakeke o ngā kaitono, ā, me mōhio ki te pānui, ki te kōrero, ki te tuhituhi, me te mārama ki te reo Pākehā. I mua i te whakarite i te tirotiro haere, whakaritea tō pukapuka takiuru mā te kāwai rererangi, te wā PIC whakawhiti whenua, te whakangungu kaiako, me te wheako taputapu tūturu, whaihanga rānei, hei tautuhi i ngā āputa whakauru e toe ana.

E hia ngā hāora rere e hiahiatia ana mō te whakatauranga taputapu i raro i te Wāhanga FAR 61?

I raro i te 14 CFR 61.65, me tuhi e ngā kaitono he 40 hāora o te wā taputapu tūturu, o te wā whakaata rānei i ngā wāhi mahi kua tohua. Mō te whakatauranga taputapu-waka rererangi, ko te whakaritenga whānui mō te whakawhiti whenua ko te 50 hāora hei pailate whakahaere, tae atu ki te 10 hāora i roto i te waka rererangi. He wāhanga wheako motuhake ēnei, nō reira kaua e whakaarohia te wā PIC whakawhiti whenua hei whakakapi mō te wā taputapu. Arotakehia ia whakaurunga pukapuka takiuru mō tōna wāhanga me te kaupapa e tika ana.

He aha ngā whakaritenga mō te whakamātautau mātauranga mō ngā taputapu a te FAA me te kaute paahitanga?

E 60 ngā pātai whiriwhiri maha mō te whakamātautau Whakatauranga Taputapu-Waka Rererangi a te FAA, he 70% te kaute paahitanga, ā, e 2 hāora te roa. I raro i te Wāhanga 61, me whai tautoko te kaiako i ngā kaitono i mua i te whakamātautau. E 24 marama te roa o te hua paahitanga, nō reira me whakarite te whakarite whakamātautau ki te whakamahere whakamātautau mahi. Whai muri i ngā whakamātautau mahi, arotakehia ia kaupapa i ngaro, ā, whakamāramahia te ture matua, te tukanga taputapu rānei i roto i ō ake kupu.

He aha ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau mahi mō te whakatauranga taputapu me ngā paerewa ACS?

Ka tirohia e te whakamātautau mahi te mahi ki te Whakatauranga Taputapu FAA-Airplane ACS, tae atu ki ngā mahi taputapu e hiahiatia ana me te whakatau kaupapa. Mō tētahi mahi whakatata kua tohua, me noho tonu te arataki poutū me te taha ki roto i te ¾-tauine i te wāhanga whakatata whakamutunga. Ko tētahi mahi whakatata kāore i te tino tika kua tohua me noho tonu te teitei, ki te tika, ki runga ake i te MDA +100/-0 putu ki te pūwāhi heke tirohanga, ki te pūwāhi rānei i ngaro. Whakarite mā te whakaharatau i ia mahi ACS me te arotake i ōna manawanui.

He aha ngā whakaritenga whakatauranga taputapu i raro i te Wāhanga 141 ki te whakataurite ki te Wāhanga 61?

E hiahiatia ana kia 35 hāora te iti rawa o te whakangungu rere mō te Wāhanga 141 mō te whakatauranga taputapu tuatahi, ko te Wāhanga 61 ia e whakamahi ana i ngā whakaritenga wheako e uru ana ki te 40 hāora o te wā taputapu tūturu, o te wā whakaata rānei. Kāore e hiahiatia ana te 50 hāora o te wā PIC whakawhiti whenua e tika ana i raro i te Wāhanga 61 mō te whai wāhi ki te whakamātautau mahi a te Wāhanga 141. Whakatauritehia tō pukapuka takiuru o nāianei ki te ara kua whiriwhiria i mua i te whakangungu, ina koa mēnā kua kohia e koe he wheako i waho o tētahi akoranga hanganga.