Me yasa kuke buƙatar Rushewar Manhajar Koyar da Jirgin Sama
Fara horon jirgin yana da ban sha'awa-amma kuma yana iya jin daɗi. Tare da darussa da yawa, sababbin ƙa'idodi, ƙwarewar fasaha, da hanyoyin da ba a sani ba, yana da sauƙi ga masu farawa su yi asara a cikin tsari. Shi ya sa samun fayyace, tsayayyen tsarin horon jirgin yana da mahimmanci.
Shirin ba wai kawai zayyana abin da za ku koya ba - yana ba horon ku taswirar hanya. Yana gaya muku abin da za ku yi tsammani, lokacin da za ku yi tsammani, da yadda za ku auna ci gaba a hanya. Ko kuna horo a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 61 ko Sashe na 141, kowane lokaci-daga naku duban farko kafin tashin jirgin to your dubawa- yana bin ingantattun jeri da aka ƙera don haɓaka kwarjini da ƙwarewa.
A cikin wannan jagorar, za ku sami cikakkiyar rugujewar tsarin horon jirgin daga ƙwarewar sifili zuwa ƙwararrun matukin jirgi. Za mu yi tafiya cikin kowane lokaci na lasisi—Private Pilot, Instrument Rating, and Commercial Pilot—kuma mu nuna muku abin da aka rufe, tsawon lokacin da yake ɗauka, da dalilin da ya sa yake da mahimmanci.
Menene Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama?
Tsarin horon jirgin sama tsari ne, taswirar hanya mai cike da FAA wacce ke jagorantar matukin jirgi daga darasi na farko zuwa takaddun shaida. Yi la'akari da shi azaman nau'in jirgin sama na tsarin karatun makaranta - matakan da aka bayyana a sarari, makasudin koyo, da matakan aiki.
Kowane Makarantar jirgin sama da FAA ta amince, ko aiki a karkashin part 61 or part 141, yana amfani da tsarin koyarwa don tsara horo. Yayin da Sashe na 141 makarantu dole ne su bi sigar da ta amince da FAA, Makarantun Sashe na 61 suna da ƙarin sassauci amma galibi suna madubi iri ɗaya. Dukansu suna nufin shirya ɗalibai don rubuta jarrabawar, gwaje-gwaje na baka, da kuma wuraren bincike da ake buƙata don samun lasisin matukin jirgi.
Cikakken manhaja ya hada da:
- Makarantar ƙasa: ka'idar, ka'idoji, yanayin yanayi, kewayawa, da tsarin
- Umarnin tashi: darussan hannu-da-hannu a cikin motsi, matakai, da kewayawa cikin iska
- Ƙimar ci gaba: duban mataki, amincewar solo, izgili
Ƙarfafawar tsarin horon jirgin sama yana tabbatar da cewa ba kawai sa'o'i ba ne - kuna gina ƙwarewa tare da manufa kuma ku kasance masu dacewa da tsammanin FAA a kowane mataki.
Rushewar Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama: Lasisin matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa (PPL)
The Lasisin Pilot mai zaman kansa (PPL) shine tushen duk horon matukin jirgi. Yawanci yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin sa'o'in jirgin sama 40 a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 61, ko sa'o'i 35 a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 141, kodayake yawancin ɗalibai suna ɗaukar awanni 55-70 don ƙware. An raba manhajar PPL zuwa manyan matakai guda 4:
Mataki na 1: Horon Pre-Solo
Wannan matakin farko yana gina ainihin dabarun tashi. Za ku koyi:
- Tushen sarrafa jiragen sama da motsi
- Taxi, tashi da saukar jiragen sama
- Hanyoyin zirga-zirga da sadarwar rediyo
- Hanyoyin gaggawa da amfani da lissafin
Kafin yin solo, kuna buƙatar amincewar malamin ku da kuma a Dalibin Jirgin Sama.
Mataki na 2: Ketare-Kasa & Kewayawa
Anan, kun fara tashi a wajen filin jirgin saman ku.
- Pilotage, matattun hisabi, da kuma amfani da na'urorin kewayawa
- Tsare-tsare na hanyar ketare-ƙasa da rajistan ayyukan jirgin
- Juyawa, hanyoyin da suka ɓace, da nisantar yanayi
- Aƙalla jirgin sama na ketare guda ɗaya wanda ke kan mil 150 na ruwa
Mataki na 3: Yawo Dare, Gaggawa & Matsaloli masu rikitarwa
Wannan matakin yana gabatar da ƙarin ƙalubale masu tasowa:
- Ayyukan dare (saukarwa / tashi, tsarin hasken wuta)
- Rashin gazawar kayan aiki
- Saukowa da hanyoyin gaggawa
- Jirgin sama zuwa sararin samaniya mai sarrafawa da mahalli masu aiki
Mataki na 4: Jarrabawar Rubuce ta FAA + Prep Prep
Mataki na ƙarshe yana shirya ku don takaddun shaida.
- Bitar makarantar ƙasa da kammala jarabawar rubutacciya
- Ba'a jarrabawar baka da jirage shirye-shirye
- Jiragen saman solo na ƙarshe da ƙwalwar daidaitawa
- Amincewa daga CFI na ku don binciken FAA
Tsarin tsarin PPL yana da tsauri amma mai lada - yana samar da tushe ga duk abin da ke gaba. Kuma bin ingantaccen tsarin horon jirgin sama kamar wannan yana ba ku fayyace fage yayin da kuke aiki don zama ƙwararren matukin jirgi.
Rushewar Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama don Ƙimar Kayan aiki
Da zarar kun sami lasisin matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa, mataki na gaba mai ma'ana-musamman idan kuna shirin tashi cikin ƙarancin gani-yana samun naku. Ƙimar Instrument (IR). Wannan mataki na horarwa yana jaddada daidaito, sarrafa tsarin, da ƙwarewar fasahar tashi kawai ta hanyar amfani da kayan aiki.
Rushewar tsarin horon jirgin sama da aka tsara don Ƙimar Kayan aiki yawanci yana farawa da horon ƙasa mai zurfi. Kafin shigar da jirgin ruwa, zaku nutse cikin ƙa'idar takamaiman IFR: ƙa'idodi, hanyoyin ATC, tsarin tsare-tsare, tsarin kewayawa, da fassarar yanayi. Fahimtar yadda ake karatu TAFs, METARs, kuma hotunan radar ya zama mahimmanci kamar sanin yadda ake karanta sashin kayan aikin ku.
Daga nan, za ku ci gaba zuwa aikace-aikace mai amfani. Wannan ya haɗa da lokacin na'urar kwaikwayo da kuma tashi kayan aiki na gaske. Za ku koyi yadda ake sarrafa jirgin sama ba tare da duba waje ba, kiyaye jirgin sama kai tsaye da mataki da aiwatar da hawan dutse, gangarowa, da juyi bisa kayan kida kawai. Hakanan za ku haɓaka ikon tashi hanyoyin, shigar da tsarin riko, da kuma cika hanyoyin da aka rasa cikin aminci lokacin da ganuwa ya ragu ko mafi ƙarancin sauka.
Anan ne ƙaramin tsarin lissafin ke taimakawa bayyana kwarara:
- Za ku kammala aƙalla sa'o'i 50 na lokacin ƙetare, gami da jirgin ƙasa mai lamba 250 NM IFR tare da hanyoyin kayan aiki daban-daban guda uku.
- Matsakaicin sa'o'i 20 na iya kammalawa a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo da ta amince da FAA (ATD).
- Kafin hawan ku, za ku wuce gwajin Ilimin Jirgin Sama na FAA Instrument, sannan a bi shi tare da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (DPE).
A lokacin da kuka gama horon IR ɗin ku, za ku kasance da kayan aiki don tashi cikin yanayi mai wahala da kewaya sararin sararin samaniya cikin aminci - ƙwarewa masu mahimmanci ga kowane matukin jirgi mai mahimmanci.
Rushewar Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama don Lasisin matukin jirgi na Kasuwanci
Lasisin matukin jirgi na Kasuwanci (CPL) shine juyi tsakanin tashi don sha'awar da kuma tashi cikin fasaha. Har ila yau, a nan ne horarwa ke samun ci gaba, tare da mafi girman matakan aiki, sabbin hanyoyi, da ƙarin juriya.
A cikin wannan lokaci na rushewar tsarin horon jirgin, za ku canza daga koyon yadda ake tashi lafiya zuwa koyan yadda ake tashi cikin inganci da daidaito. FAA na buƙatar mafi ƙarancin sa'o'i 250 a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 61, wanda dole ne ya haɗa da sa'o'i 100 kamar yadda Pilot-in-Command (PIC) da kuma sa'o'i 50 na lokacin ketare.
Tsarin tsarin CPL yana gabatar da ci-gaba da motsa jiki da aka tsara don nuna iyakar sarrafa jirgin sama:
- Chandelles da lallausan takwas suna gwada ikon ku don kula da jirgin da aka daidaita yayin juyi mai rikitarwa.
- Takwas akan pylons suna haɓaka fahimtar ku game da tunani na ƙasa da sarrafa makamashi.
- Hakanan za ku sake sabunta hanyoyinku na gaggawa, gajeriyar- da saukowa mai laushi, da kewayawa ƙarƙashin matsi.
Ba kamar matakan horo na baya ba, CPL yakan haɗa da tashi mafi rikitarwa ko jirgin sama na fasaha (TAA). Waɗannan jiragen suna fallasa ku zuwa kayan aikin da za a iya dawowa, ko da yaushe-sauri, ko gilashin kokfit-suna shirya ku don ƙwararrun mahallin jirgin sama na gaske.
Makarantar ku ta ƙasa a wannan lokacin za ta mai da hankali sosai kan ƙa'idodin da ke da alaƙa da ayyukan kasuwanci, sarrafa sararin samaniya, tsarin jirgin sama, da ƙa'idodin gwaji na FAA (PTS). Da zarar malamin ku ya ƙaddara cewa kun shirya, za ku kammala jarrabawar baki da gwajin aiki tare da DPE.
Abin da ya sa wannan bangare na rugujewar tsarin horon jirgin ya zama na musamman shi ne gauraya na gina lokaci na solo da babban aiki, tafiyar da malamai ke jagoranta. Wannan shine lokaci mafi girma da lada ga ɗaliban da ke shirin shiga masana'antar a matsayin matukin jirgi da ake biya.
Yaya Tsawon Yaya Cikakkun Shirin Horar da Jirgin Ya ɗauka?
Ɗaya daga cikin tambayoyin da aka fi sani da masu neman matukin jirgi suna tambaya ita ce, "Har yaushe cikakken horon zai ɗauki?" Amsar ta dogara da kasancewar ku, daidaiton ku, da ko kuna horon cikakken lokaci ko na ɗan lokaci. Amma tare da fayyace rugujewar tsarin horar da jirgin sama, zaku iya ƙididdige tafiyarku daga sifili zuwa matukin jirgi na kasuwanci da ƙarfin gwiwa.
Kowane matakin lasisi yana da nasa tsarin lokacin:
Lasisin matukin jirgi mai zaman kansa (PPL) gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar watanni 4 zuwa 6 don ɗalibai na cikakken lokaci, ya danganta da yanayi, wadatar malami, da tsarawa.
The Instrument Rating (IR) na iya ɗaukar watanni 2 zuwa 4, musamman idan kuna haɗa lokacin na'urar kwaikwayo da karatu a layi daya.
Lasisin matukin jirgi na Kasuwanci (CPL) yana ɗaukar watanni 6 zuwa 12, da farko saboda jimlar sa'o'in jirgin da ake buƙata. Wannan lokaci yakan ƙunshi ƙayyadaddun jirage na ginin sa'o'i kuma yana iya tsawaita ga ɗalibai na ɗan lokaci.
Ga ɗaliban da suka fara daga ƙwarewar sifili, jimlar lokacin don kammala duk hanyar horo-PPL, IR, da CPL-jeri daga watanni 12 zuwa 24. Wannan yana ɗaukar tsayin daka da jadawalin horo.
Wato, tafiyar kowane ɗalibi ta bambanta. Wasu suna gamawa da sauri ta hanyar haɓaka shirye-shirye, yayin da wasu ke ɗaukar hanya mafi sauƙi cikin shekaru da yawa. Makullin yana bin ƙayyadaddun tsarin koyarwa wanda ke shimfida kowane mataki a sarari - yana ba ku damar bin diddigin ci gaba da daidaita taki ba tare da rasa alkibla ba.
Me yasa Flyers Florida ke bin Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama
At Florida Flyers Flight Academy, Tsarin ya hadu da sassauci. Makarantar ta biyo bayan ingantaccen tsarin horar da jirgin sama da aka tsara don ɗaukar ɗalibai daga mafari zuwa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun—ba tare da ruɗani ko ɓata lokaci ba.
An tsara horon a cikin matakai na yau da kullun, farawa da PPL, ci gaba ta hanyar IR, da gamawa tare da CPL. Ga ɗaliban da ke da niyyar haɓaka ƙwarewar koyarwa, makarantar kuma tana ba da sauye-sauye marasa daidaituwa zuwa shirye-shiryen Certified Flight Instructor (CFI), ci gaba da tafiya koyo.
Abin da ke sa hanyar Florida Flyers ta fice ita ce part 141 tsarin, wanda FAA ya amince da shi kuma an gina shi don daidaito da ci gaba da bin diddigin. Duk da haka, har yanzu yana ba da sassauci ga ɗalibai tare da jadawalin jadawalin-musamman ɗaliban ƙasashen duniya ko ƙwararrun masu aiki.
Wannan tsarin da aka tsara ya haɗa duka makarantar ƙasa da koyarwar jirgin sama, yana bawa ɗalibai damar yin amfani da abin da suka koya a cikin aji kai tsaye zuwa ɗakin jirgi. Ko kuna tashi kwanaki biyar a mako ko kuma kawai karshen mako, tsarin karatun yana tabbatar da cewa kowace sa'a tana da ƙima ga ƙwararru.
Ta hanyar ƙaddamar da wannan tsarin, Florida Flyers na taimaka wa ɗalibai su ci gaba da tafiya, su cika ka'idodin FAA, da kuma isa kowane matakin takaddun shaida tare da kwarin gwiwa da tsabta.
Kammalawa: Me yasa Rushewar Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama ke Canza Komai
Zama matukin jirgi ba kawai game da lokacin yin tsalle ba ne. Yana da game da koyon yadda ake tunani kamar matukin jirgi, aiki kamar matukin jirgi, da yanke shawara waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga aminci, daidaito, da ƙwarewa. Kuma irin wannan sauyi ba ya faruwa kwatsam—yana faruwa ta hanyar tsari.
Fassarar tsarin horon jirgin sama yana ba ku fiye da jadawalin horo kawai. Yana haifar da shugabanci. Yana saita tsammanin. Yana taimaka muku hango ci gaba kuma yana ba ku tsari don auna kowane ci gaba-daga ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwaƙƙwaran da za su iya auna kowane ci gaba - daga ƙwararrun ƙwararrun jiragen sama zuwa ƙetaren ƙasa a ƙarƙashin yanayin kayan aiki. Lokacin da kuka bi hanyar da aka tsara, kuna kawar da zato kuma ku gina halayen da jirgin sama na gaske ke buƙata.
Da yawa ɗalibai sun rasa ƙwazo saboda sun fara ba tare da taswirar hanya ba. Suna shiga tsakanin darussa, rashin sanin abin da ke gaba ko kuma sun shirya don binciken. Tsarin tsari mai kyau yana warware wannan. Yana daidaita horon ku tare da ma'aunin FAA kuma yana ƙarfafa daidaito - yin ƙidayar kowane jirgin.
A Florida Flyers Flight Academy, wannan tsarin ba na tilas ba ne - tushe ne. Tsarin karatun yana jagorantar ku daga ranar farko a makarantar ƙasa zuwa motsin ku na ƙarshe a ranar dubawa. Kuma ba wai kawai yana koya muku yadda ake wucewa ba—yana koya muku yadda ake tashi da gangan.
Ko kuna horon cikakken lokaci, tashi a ƙarshen mako, ko kuma kuna shirye-shiryen shigar da ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wayo, tsarin koyarwa na yau da kullun yana kiyaye tafiyarku mai inganci, mai da hankali, da ci gaba.
FAQ: Rushewar Tsarin Horar da Jirgin Sama
Menene ya haɗa a daidaitaccen tsarin horon jirgin sama?
Rushewar tsarin horon jirgin sama na yau da kullun ya haɗa da makarantar ƙasa, koyarwar jirgin sama, horon na'urar kwaikwayo (idan an zartar), da kimantawa. An ƙera shi don jagorantar ɗalibai ta hanyar fasaha na farko na solo, ƙetare jirgin sama, ayyukan dare, hanyoyin gaggawa, da shirye-shiryen bincike na ƙarshe.
Awanni nawa ake buƙata na tashi a kowane lokaci na manhajar horar da jirgin?
Tsarin PPL yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin sa'o'i 40 a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 61 ko 35 a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 141. Horon kayan aiki yawanci ya haɗa da sa'o'i 50 na ƙetare da sa'o'i 40 na ainihin ko lokacin kayan aiki na kwaikwayi. Horon CPL yana buƙatar jimlar sa'o'i 250, gami da 100 PIC da 50 giciye.
Zan iya tsallake darussa a cikin tsarin horon jirgin sama idan ina ci gaba da sauri?
Yayin da ci gaba na iya bambanta, tsarin tsarin FAA ne, kuma ba a ba da shawarar tsallake darussan ba. Kuna iya ci gaba da sauri ta wasu matakai, amma kowane mataki dole ne mai koyar da ku ya nuna kuma ya amince da shi.
Shin tsarin horon jirgin ya bambanta don shirye-shiryen Sashe na 61 da Sashe na 141?
Ee. Manhajar Sashe na 141 FAA ce ta yarda kuma an tsara su sosai, tare da duban ci gaba da rage mafi ƙarancin sa'o'i. Sashe na 61 ya fi sassauƙa amma yawanci yana ɗaukar tsawon lokaci don kammalawa saboda ƙarin buƙatun sa'a.
Ta yaya zan san na shirya don yin bincike bisa rugujewar tsarin horon jirgin?
Mai koyar da ku zai kimanta aikinku bisa ka'idodin Takaddun Shaida na Airman na FAA (ACS). Da zarar kun nuna daidaitaccen ƙwarewa kuma kun kammala tsarin karatun, za ku sami amincewa don tsara jadawalin binciken ku.
Tuntuɓi Tawagar Ilimin Jirgin Sama na Florida Flyers a yau a (904) 209-3510 don ƙarin koyo game da yadda ake yin canjin lasisin matukin jirgi na ƙasashen waje a cikin matakai 4.
