C172 : The Ultimate How-Ho Tataiso ea ho Lulisa ka Boreleli

Ho lisa sefofane e hlahella e le karolo e thata ka ho fetisisa ea ho fofa. Bafofisi ba bangata ba lifofane ba fumana tsebo ena e le e tšosang ka ho khetheha ho C172. Cessna 172 e maemong a har'a lifofane tsa koetliso tse tšoarelang ka ho fetesisa, leha ho le joalo u hloka feela mokhoa o nepahetseng le kutloisiso ho fihlela li-touchdowns tse boreleli.

Tsebo ea hau ea ho lulisa e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse 'maloa. Tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea sefofane ho sebelisa lenane la hau la tlhahlobo e bohlokoa joalo ka ho shebella lebelo le nepahetseng ho sesupo sa lebelo la sefofane. Karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ka har'a cockpit e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ha u fihla sebakeng se phethahetseng. Tsebo ea C172 POH ea hau e ba ea bohlokoa ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.

Tataiso ena e felletseng e hlalosa lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ho theola C172. U tla fumana meralo, lebelo le mekhoa e nepahetseng e tla u thusa ho hlophisa libaka tseo tse mahlahahlaha hore li be boreleli, profeshenale touchdowns. Ka sebele morupeli oa hau oa sefofane o tla khahloa.

Litlhophiso tsa bohlokoa tsa C172 Landing

Ho ba le tsebo ho Tlhophiso ea ho lulisa ea C172 e hloka ho utloisisa lintlha tse tharo tsa bohlokoa: litlhophiso tsa flap, lebelo la ho atamela, le taolo ea matla. Likarolo tsena li tla u thusa hore u fihlele ho lula ha bonolo sefofaneng sa hau.

Optimal Landing Flap Settings bakeng sa C172

Tlhophiso ea ho lulisa e lokela ho tsoela pele ka litlhophiso tse khethehileng tsa flap ha u ntse u feta har'a mokhoa oa sephethephethe. Tatelano e nepahetseng e shebahala tjena:

1.First notch (10°) – Abeam the touchdown point
2.Second notch (20°) – Nakong ea ho retelehela ho base
3.Final notch (30°) - Nakong ea ho fetohela ho qetela

Hlokomela: Liphefo tse matla kapa maemo a loebehlanang a hloka hore u fokotse boemo ba C172's flap ho 20° ho boloka taolo e betere ea sefofane.

E khothalelitsoeng Mabelo a Mokhoa oa C172

Letšoao la lebelo la moea le lokela ho bonts'a lebelo lena la sepheo ho pholletsa le paterone:

Tsamaiso ea Matla bakeng sa Ho theoha ha C172 e tsitsitseng

Litlhophiso tsa matla li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka mokhoa o tsitsitseng. Fokotsa matla ho fihla ho 1500 RPM ha u phahamisa ntlha ea hau ea ho theola. Tsamaiso ea matla e shebane le lintlha tsena tsa bohlokoa:

Mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea ho atamela:

-Ho boloka sefofane se hlophisitsoeng ka botlalo ka mokhoa oa ho qetela
- Boloka sekhahla sa ho theoha ka tlase ho maoto a 500 ka motsotso
- Etsa bonnete ba hore tsela ea sefofane e tsamaisana hantle le tokiso e nepahetseng ea moea
- Sebelisa sekontiri se matla ho laola lebelo la moea le matla ho laola sekhahla sa ho theoha

Hlokomela hore C172 POH e khothalletsa lebelo la ho atamela pakeng tsa li-knots tse 55-65, 'me bafofisi ba bangata ba nang le phihlelo ba khetha lithupa tse 62.5 ho boloka taolo e nepahetseng. Etsa sebaka sa ho pota-pota haeba u iphumana u le ka ntle ho liparamente tsena ka tlase ho maoto a 300 AGL.

Molao-motheo oa "pitch for speed, power for altitude" o thusa ho boloka taolo e nepahetseng nakong eohle ea ho theoha. Mokhoa ona o etsa bonnete ba hore o na le lintlha tse felletseng tsa lethathamo la lintlha ha o ntse o boloka mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa ho lulisa.

Ho Tseba Mokhoa oa ho Lulisa oa C172

Mokhoa o phethahetseng oa sephethephethe litlhoko tsa hau nako e nepahetseng le khokahano. Ha re hlahlobe karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ho u thusa hore u be litsebo mosebetsing ona oa bohlokoa.

Mekhoa ea ho theoha ha maoto ho C172 ea hau

Leoto la hau la moea la C172 le theha motheo oa katleho e ntseng e phahama ha u fihla. Qala ka ho boloka lithupa tse 90 ka pina e bapileng le tsela ea sefofane. Ka nako eo u shebaneng le ntlha ea ho theola:

- Fokotsa matla ho 1500-1600 RPM
-Eketsa notch ea pele (10°) ea mapheo
- Boloka tsela ea sefofane e bapang
- Qala ho theoha ka maoto a 500 ka motsotso

Base to Final Turn Techniques

The phethoho ea motheo ho isa ho qetela e hloka tsepamiso e khethehileng kaha lipalo-palo li bonts'a hore ke karolo ea bohlokoahali. Sefofane sa hau se lokela ho hlophisoa ka:

-20 ° flaps pele o qala mothinya
-Airspeed e bolokoa ho 70-75 KIAS
-Matla a fetotsoe ho boloka 500 fpm e theoha

Tlhokomeliso ea Tšireletseho: Le ka mohla banka ea hau ha ea lokela ho eketseha ho lokisa letlobo le feteletseng - sena se ka etsa hore ho be le sebaka se potlakileng ho C172 ea hau. Phetha sebaka sa ho pota-pota haeba u iphumana u le moferefere.

Mokhoa oa ho Qetela oa botsitso

Mokhoa o tsitsitseng ke ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihla ho sireletsehileng. Mokhoa oa hau oa ho qetela o lokela ho ba le:

-Sekhutlo sa kamehla sa glidepath (karolelano ea 3:1)
-Ho tsamaisana hantle le tsela e bohareng ba sefofane
-Sefofane se tsitsitseng sa 65-70 KIAS
- Li-flaps tse felletseng ha ho lula ho netefalitsoe

Shebella ea hau sesupo sa lebelo la moya haufi-ufi nakong ena. Molao oa khauta o bolela hore lebelo le laola lebelo la moea le matla a laola bophahamo. Bafofisi ba lifofane baa tseba hore na ba phethe nako efe haeba maemo ana a sa hlokomeloe.

Pro Keletso: U ka fumana sekhahla sa ho theoha se hlokahalang ka ho atisa lebelo la fatše ka 5 ho boloka lebelo le nepahetseng la 3-degree glidepath.

Mekhoa e Phethahetseng ea Touchdown

Phetoho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bophelong ba hau  lulisa e hloka ho hlaka, ho nepahala, le mokhoa o nepahetseng. Ha re beng litsebo linthong tse fetolang ho lulisa hantle hore e be tse ntle.

Nako e nepahetseng ea C172 Flare

Your ho qalella ha mollo sefofane se hloka nako e nepahetseng le tlhokomeliso ea pono. The bophahamo bo nepahetseng ba leqhubu e fihla bophahamong ba limithara tse ka bang 10 ka holim'a tsela ea sefofane. Mona ke mokhoa oa ho boloka nako ea hau:

O ka etsa hore mollo oa hau oa C172 o be o phethahetseng ka:

-Ho tsepamisa mahlo a hau pheletsong e hole ea tsela ea sefofane
- Ho shebella tsela ea sefofane ho "atometsa" skrineng sa hau sa moea
-Ho etsa lintho tse nyane, tse tsoelang pele tsa taolo

Ho boloka Taolo ea Centerline

Your cockpit e tlameha ho lula e ipapisitse le tsela ea sefofane e bohareng ka ho ela hloko lintlha tse felletseng. Li-rivets tsa nko tsa C172 li sebetsa e le lintlha tse ntle haholo tsa ho tsamaisana.

Mekhoa ea Bohlokoa ea ho Lokisana:

- Sebelisa mela e 'meli ea li-rivets nkong ea C172 ho tsamaisana le setsi.
- Kenya lintho tse kentsoeng ka potlako, tse nepahetseng nakong ea phatlalatso
- Boloka khatello ea morao ka mor'a ho theola boima ba 'mele ho fokotsa phallo ea mabili a nko

Ho Laola Ground Effect

C172 ea hau e feta har'a liphetoho tse kholo tsa aerodynamic nakong ea ho qetela ea ho fihla. Tšusumetso e tlase e bonahala ka har'a lepheo le le leng la sebaka sa sefofane 'me e ama ho theola ha hau ka mekhoa e mengata:

Ho hula ha C172 ho fokotsa ho fihla ho 60% ea maemo a tloaelehileng a fatše, e leng se ka etsang hore sefofane sa hau se phaphame ha se sa laoloe hantle. U ka sebetsana le ketsahalo ena ka letsoho la hau  baetsi ba lifofane ka:

-Ho boloka lebelo le nepahetseng la ho atamela ho latela maemo a hau C172 POH
-Ho lebella ho phahama ho eketsehileng haufi le fatše
-Ho itokisetsa nako e telele ea ho phaphamala haeba o jara lebelo le feteletseng
-Eketsa khatello e nyane ea morao ho thibela mosamo oa phello ea fatše

Hlokomela hore C172 ea hau e tla thella sebakeng sa 45-50 knot esita le sebakeng se felletseng sa ho thella. U lokela ho fofisa sefofane sa hau ho pholletsa le tatellano eohle ea ho fihla 'me u etse lintho tse laolang hantle ho fihlela mabili a maholo a ama tsela ea lifofane ka tieo.

Pro Keletso: Haeba u phaphamala kapa balune, boloka boikutlo bo sa khaotseng ba ho phahama ha moea oa hau o senyeha ka tlhaho. Mokhoa ona, o kopantsoe le o nepahetseng lethathamo ho phethoa, ho tla fana ka ho lulisa ha bonolo nako le nako.

Liphoso tse Tloaelehileng tsa ho Lulisa tsa C172

Esita le bakhanni ba nang le tsebo ba fofang ba bona  baetsi ba lifofane e ka etsa liphoso tse tloaelehileng tsa ho lulisa. Ho ithuta ho bona le ho lokisa liphoso tsena ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho ba mofofisi ea sireletsehileng le ea nang le bokhoni.

Atamela Liphoso tsa Lebelo ho C172 ea Hau

Your sesupo sa lebelo la moya ho bala ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa nakong ea ho atamela. Hangata bafofisi ba lifofane ba tsamaea ka lebelo le leholo, e leng se bakang mathata a mabeli a maholo:

*Sefofane se phaphamala nako e telele holim'a tsela ea lifofane
*Maemo a crossswind a ba thata ho sebetsana le ona

Flare Height Likahlolo tse fosahetseng

The  cockpit boemo bo etsa hore ho be thata ho ahlola bophahamo bo phethahetseng ba mollo. Tlhaho ea tlhaho e etsa hore liithuti tse ngata li phalle holimo haholo. Mona ke mokhoa oa ho ba litsebo tsa mokhoa o nepahetseng oa flare:

1. Boloka mahlo a hao a tsepame pheletsong e hole ea tsela ea lifofane
2.Batla tsela ea sefofane e qalang ho "atoloha"
3. Kenya khatello ea morao butle ha seporo sa lifofane se qala ho kopana le sepakapaka

Pro Keletso: U tla ba le temohisiso e ntlafetseng ea bophahamo ka ho itloaetsa lebelo la moea le laolehang le morupeli maoto a seng makae ka holim'a tsela ea sefofane.

Liphoso tsa ho Lokisoa ha Crosswind ho C172 ea Hau

Your baetsi ba lifofane e hloka mekhoa e khethehileng nakong ea ho theoha ha maqhubu. Liphoso tse tloaelehileng ke tsena:

1. Khalemelo ea Moea e sa lekaneng

• Tlhokomelo e mpe ea khalala qetellong
• Phetoho e thata ho mokhoa oa ho thella
• Ha ho na mokhoa o lekaneng oa ho kenya li-rudder ha u fihla fatše

2. Taolo ea Kamora ho Touchdown

• Ha ho na tokiso ea aileron
• Boemo ba leholimo ba sefofane ka mor'a ho theoha
• Taolo ea pele ea ho phomola

Ke habohlokoa ho bolela hore u lokela ho hlahloba boemo ba hau C172 POH bakeng sa likarolo tse ngata tse bonts'itsoeng tsa crosswind. Taolo ea lebelo e ba ea bohlokoa haholo maemong a lifefo tse tsoelipanang kaha lebelo le feteletseng le bolela nako e eketsehileng ea ho loantša moea haufi le lefatše.

Tlhokomeliso e Bohlokoa ea Tšireletso: Le ka mohla u se ke ua eketsa angle ea banka ho lokisa ho fetelletseng nakong ea phetoho ea mantlha ho isa ho ea ho qetela joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe mona - sena se ka baka ho potoloha ho kotsi. Khetho e sireletsehileng ke ho pota-pota le ho theha mokhoa o mong.

Your lethathamo e lokela ho kenyelletsa licheke tsena tsa phoso pele ho lulisa ka 'ngoe. Sebetsa ka ho bona le ho lokisa liphoso tsena nakong ea lithupelo tsa lifofane. Ho tsamaea ho molemo kamehla haeba mekhoa ea ho atamela e ikutloa e fosahetse. Ho thella ho kopanya bokhoni bohle ba hau ba ho itloaetsa, 'me bokhabane bo tla ka boikoetliso bo tsepamisitsoeng, bo nahanang.

Maemo a Tsoetseng Pele a ho Lulisa

E tsoetseng pele ho lulisa maemo a hao C172 tlisa mathata a ikhethang a hlokang mekhoa e khethehileng. Bokhoni ba hao ba ho sebetsana le maemo ana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng bo u khetholla joaloka mofofisi ea hloahloa ho e-na le ho ba ea molemo feela.

Mekhoa ea ho Lulisa ea Crosswind bakeng sa C172 ea Hao

Your baetsi ba lifofane e u fa mekhoa e 'meli ea mantlha ea ho sebetsana le ho thella ha maqhubu: mokhoa oa makhala le mokhoa oa ho theola mapheo. Ka bobeli li sebetsa hantle, empa mokhoa o tlase oa mapheo hangata o fana ka taolo e ntle ho uena cockpit.

Your C172 POH e bonts'a bokhoni ba ho tšela moea oa likhoto tse 15 tse nang le mapheo a felletseng. Mona ke seo u lokelang ho se etsa bakeng sa ho lulisa ka katleho ha crosswind:

1.Theha khalemelo e nepahetseng esale pele
2.Ho boloka tsela ea sefofane e tsamaisanang le seterata
3.Laola ho hoholeha ka li-ailerons
4.Touch down up upwind main wheel pele
5.Tšoara tokiso ea crosswind ka ho qala

Mekhoa e Khutšoanyane ea ho Lulisa masimong

Ho beha C172 ea hau masimong a makhuts'oane ho hloka taolo e nepahetseng ea lebelo la moea le sebaka sa ho thella. U lokela ho shebella ea hau  sesupo sa lebelo la moya haufi-ufi nakong ea ho atamela kaha taolo ea lebelo e bohlokoa.

U tla fumana tšebetso e khutšoane ka ho fetesisa ka:

- Ho etsa liqeto tse felletseng esale pele
-Ho boloka tsela e phahameng ea ho atamela
- Ho otla ntlha ea hau e nepahetseng
-Ho sebelisa braking e ngata ka mor'a ho theola fatše
-Ho sebelisa khatello ea morao holim'a lifti bakeng sa braking ea aerodynamic

Mekhoa ea ho Lulisa ea Soft Field ho C172 ea hau

Your  baetsi ba lifofane e hloka ho ts'oaroa ka mokhoa o khethehileng libakeng tse sa katoang. Mokhoa o bonolo oa lebala o thusa ho boloka boima ba lebili la nko ha o ntse o boloka lebelo la sefofane sa hau.

Lintlha tse ka holimo tsa C172:

- Joang bo eketsa sebaka sa ho fihla ka 45%
-Mabaka a metsi a hloka sebaka sa 30-40% ho feta
- Litlhophiso tsa matla a phahameng lia hlokahala nakong ea ho atamela
-Lebili la nko le lokela ho lula le le bobebe nakong eohle ea ho phatlalatsoa

Your lethathamo e o thusa ho ikamahanya le maemo a holimo:

-Sebelisa li-flaps tse 20 ° ha moea o tšela
- Boloka matla a eketsehileng ka ho potoloha
- Lula u sebetsa nako e telele
- Theolela tlase ka lebelo le laolehang la moea
-Ho boloka khatello ea morao nakong eohle ea phatlalatso

Your tsa lifofane liphetoho tsa ts'ebetso ka bongata bo ipapisitseng le maemo a holimo. Bolelele ba joang, mongobo, le ho tiea ha bokaholimo li ama sebaka seo u fihlang ho sona. Mokhoa o tlase o thusa ho lekola sebaka sa ho lulisa pele o oela haeba o sa tiisehe ka maemo a holim'a metsi.

Pro Keletso: Ho ikoetlisa khafetsa le morupeli ho C172 ea hau ho bohlokoa. Mekhoa ena e tsoetseng pele e aha holim'a e 'ngoe,' me ho ntlafatsa ho e 'ngoe hangata ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea hau ho ba bang.

fihlela qeto e

Ho fihla C172 ho hloka feela boitlamo, ho itloaetsa, le setšoantšo se feletseng sa mekhoa e nepahetseng. Katleho ea hau e itšetlehile ka lebelo le nepahetseng la ho atamela, nako e nepahetseng ea mollo, le hore na u sebetsana joang le ho lula ha mefuta eohle sefofaneng sa hau.

Lintlha tsena tsa bohlokoa li etsa hore sebaka se seng le se seng sa ho lulisa se sebetse:

-Mekgwa e tsitsitseng e nang le tlhophiso e nepahetseng
-Taolo ea lebelo ka taolo e bohlale ea matla
- Nako e nepahetseng ea leqhubu ka bophahamo bo nepahetseng
-Mekgwa e nepahetseng ya ho lokisa menahano

Sebaka se seng le se seng sa ho fihla se tlisa mathata a sona. U tla haha ​​​​tšepo ho cockpit ea hau ka ho ikoetlisa kamehla. Qala ka mekhoa e bonolo ea ho lulisa 'me u ikemisetse ho fihlela maemo a tsoetseng pele joalo ka crosswind, lebala le lekhutšoanyane le ts'ebetso ea masimong a bonolo.

Bakhanni ba lifofane ba nang le phihlelo ba etelletsa tšireletseho pele. Ha ba nahane habeli ka ho tsamaea ha ntho e itseng e nyahame. Ho itloaetsa khafetsa le mekhoa e nepahetseng ho tla u thusa ho khokhothela lipekere tse thellang, tse hloahloa tse bonts'ang moea oa 'nete.

Ikopanye le Sehlopha sa Florida Flyers Flight Academy kajeno ho (904) 209-3510 ho ithuta haholoanyane ka mokhoa oa ho lefella sekolo sa lifofane.