Mhando dzeMarezinesi ePilot: Gwaro Rakakwana reZvitupa zveFAA uye MaRatings

Kusarudza chitupa chekutyaira kunoita sekunge uri kupinda mukamuri rine magonhi akawanda. Rimwe nerimwe rinoenda kune rimwe divi rakasiyana, uye mazita ese anonzwika akafanana. Dambudziko guru nderekuona kuti ndeipi gonhi rinoenderana nekwaunoda kuenda.

Mazhinji evatungamiriri vanonyora mhando dzemarezenisi ekutyaira ndege vasingatsananguri kuti anoenderana sei. Vanosiya zvinhu zvakakosha: kuti danho rega rega rinodhura zvakadii, ndeapi ari matanho ekutanga, uye ndeapi asina chinangwa kune vanofamba nendege vane pfungwa dzebasa.

Chinyorwa chino chinopa ruzivo nezvechitupa chega chega kubva kumudzidzi kusvika kumutyairi wendege. Uchadzidza zvinotenderwa nechimwe nechimwe, zvinodiwa, uye kuti ndeipi nzira inoenderana nezvinangwa zvako, bhajeti, uye nguva yaunoda. Kusarudza rezenisi rakakodzera chisarudzo chehurongwa, kwete chisarudzo chekunyora. Pakupedzisira, uchaziva chaizvo kuti suo ripi rekuvhura.

Nzira Yekusarudza Yakakodzera Pilot Rezinesi

FAA inopa zvitupa, kwete marezenisi, uye musiyano wacho unokosha kupfuura zvinofungwa nevadzidzi vazhinji. Chitupa chega chega chinopa kodzero nemiganho chaiyo inogadzira zvaunogona kubhururuka, kwaunogona kuenda, uye kana uchikwanisa kubhadharwa. Sarudzo chaiyo inoenderana nezvinhu zvina: zvinangwa zvako, bhajeti yako, nguva yako, uye mamiriro ako ehutano.

Step 1. Ronga chinangwa chako chekupedzisira usati watarisa chero chirongwa chekudzidzira. Kubhururuka kwevhiki kunonakidza kunoratidza chitupa chega chega, nepo zvinangwa zvendege zvichida nzira yekupinda muzvitupa zvebhizinesi neATP.

Step 2. Gadzira bhajeti rako nemutengo wakazara wechitupa chega chega, kwete mutengo wakashambadzirwa chete. Chitupa chekuzvivaraidza chinodhura zvishoma pachine nguva asi chinokuganhurira kune mhando dzendege, huwandu hwevatakuri, uye daro kubva panzvimbo yaunosimuka, pa Kusiyana kwezvitupa zveFAA.

Step 3. Iva akatendeseka nezvemamiriro ako ehutano usati waita chibvumirano. Mhando dzemarezinesi ekutyaira ndege unoda chitupa chekurapa, uye kirasi yekurapa yaunoda kushandurwa zvichienderana nedanho rechitupa.

Step 4. Verenga maawa aunokwanisa kudzidzira vhiki rega rega. Mudzidzi anobhururuka kaviri pavhiki anopera nekukurumidza uye anochengetedza anopfuura kamwe chete pamwedzi, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga mari yese.

Step 5. Tarisa kuti zvinodiwa kuti ugone Chirungu zvinoshanda kwauri. Vadzidzi vekune dzimwe nyika vanofanirwa kuratidza izvi nekukurumidza, sezvo nzira yega yega yekupa chitupa ichi inoenderana nazvo.

Step 6. Enzanisa chitupa chekuzvivaraidza nechepachivande usati wachengetedza mari pasarudzo yakachipa. Nzira yekuzvivaraidza inorambidza kubhururuka kuenda kunhandare dzendege dzinodzorwa uye inorambidza vafambi, nepo chitupa chepachivande chichibvisa miganho yakawanda iyoyo.

Kushanda nematanho aya kunobvisa zvitupa zvinokutambisa nguva nemari. Zvimwe zvasara zvinoenderana nekuti unoronga sei kubhururuka.

Chitupa Chekutyaira Mutyairi Wendege: Danho Rako Rokutanga

Chitupa chemudzidzi chekutyaira ndege ndipo panotangira basa rega rega rekufambisa ndege. Haisi rezenisi yekubhururuka wakasununguka. Imvumo yekutanga kudzidza, uye musiyano iwoyo unoumba zvese zvinotevera.

Kukodzera: Mudiki Kupfuura Zvaunofunga

Unogona kunyorera chitupa chemutyairi wendege pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu, uye 14 chegiraidhi. Zvinodiwa zviri nyore: kugona Chirungu, chitupa chekurapa, uye kugona kuverenga, kutaura, uye kunzwisisa mutauro wendege. Marezenisi mazhinji emutyairi ane zvinodiwa izvi zvekutanga, ndosaka maitiro echitupa chemudzidzi zvinonzwa zviri nyore kupfuura zvimwe zvese zvekudzidziswa.

Maitiro Ekushandisa: IACRA Ndiyo Gedhi

Fomu rekunyorera rinoshanda kuburikidza neIACRA, iyo portal yeFAA yepamhepo. Unogadzira account, wozadza mapepa, uye mudzidzisi wendege kana muongorori akasarudzwa anosimbisa hunhu hwako uye anohutumira. Zvese zvinotora isingasviki awa imwe yebasa chairo. Nguva yekumirira ndiyo inoshanduka, saka kutanga nekukurumidza kunobvisa dambudziko kubva panguva yekudzidzira kwako.

Ropafadzo Nemiganho: Zvaunogona Kuita Zvechokwadi

Chitupa chemudzidzi chinobvumira kubhururuka uri wega, asi chete kana uine logbook rekutsigira kubva kumudzidzisi wako parwendo rwese kana nhandare yendege. Unogona kubhururuka wega usati watakura mufambi. Chitupa ichi chakagadzirirwa kuti ukwanise kukanganisa asi matambudziko achiri mashoma.

Hapana bvunzo yakanyorwa inodiwa kuti uiwane. Bvunzo yeruzivo inouya gare gare, padanho rekuongorora rakazvimirira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti danho rako rekutanga chairo rinonyanya kuve rekutonga.

Nei Danho Iri Richikosha Kupfuura Zvinoonekwa

Chitupa chemudzidzi ndicho chega chikamu chekudzidziswa kwako chisingadhuri chinhu asi chinovhura zvimwe zvese. Florida Flyers Flight Academy inotungamira vadzidzi kuburikidza nemaitiro eIACRA panguva yekutanga yechikoro chepasi, saka mapepa haambononotsi kubhururuka. Kuita izvi nekukurumidza kunodzvinyirira nguva yako yese yekudzidzira.

Chitore sechisarudzo chekutanga, kwete chekupedzisira. Hazvikupi basa kunze kwekubhadhara mari yekunyorera, asi zvinokuisa muhurongwa uko zvimwe zvitupa zvese zvinogoneka.

Rezinesi reMutyairi wendege Akazvimirira: Hwaro hweKubhururuka

The rezinesi rekutyaira ndege ndipo panogumira kuvhiringidzika uye kubhururuka kunotanga. Ndiyo chinangwa chinowanzo shandiswa nevatyairi vendege vanovaraidza, uye inoshandura chitandadzo kuita kugona chaiko.

Kusiyana nechitupa chekuzvivaraidza, FAA inopa vatyairi vendege vega kodzero dzakakura. Unogona kubhururutsa chero ndege iri muchikamu chako, kutakura vafambi, uye kufamba kupfuura miganhu yenzvimbo inodzvinyirira vatyairi vendege dzemitambo nedzekuzvivaraidza. Kuchinjana uku inzira yepamusoro yekudzidziswa.

• Takura vafambi. Shamwari nemhuri vanogona kubhururuka newe, kunyange hazvo usingakwanise kuvabhadharisa mari yekufamba kana kupatsanura mari inopfuura mugove wako wakaenzana.
• Fly usiku. Kubhururuka nendege husiku kunoda kudzidziswa kwakawedzerwa kunze kwezvidzidzo zvepakutanga, asi chitupa chinokubvumira kana wapedza kudzidzisa.
• Kufamba-famba nenyika. Hapana zvirambidzo zvedaro kubva panzvimbo yauri kubva. Rwendo rwekupera kwevhiki mumatunhu matatu rwuri mukati mekodzero dzako dzese.
• Bhururuka nendege dzakaoma. Giya rinodzoserwa shure, mapropeller anomhanyisa nguva dzose, uye mamwe masisitimu epamusoro akavhurika kwauri kana uine rutsigiro rwakakodzera.
• Vaka basa rako. Awa yega yega yaunonyoresa semutyairi wendege wega inoverengwa kusvika paawa chinodiwa chekuwana chitupa cheAirline Transport Pilot chinotora maawa chiuru nemazana mashanu.

Chisingabvumirwi nerezinesi rekutyaira ndege rakazvimirira ikodzero yekubhadharwa. Muripo wekubhururuka unoda chitupa chebhizinesi, uye kuedza kushanda pasi pemutemo iwoyo ndiko kunoita kuti vatyairi vendege varasikirwe nemagwaro avo ebasa.

Kudzidziswa kunowanzoda maawa makumi mana ekubhururuka, bvunzo yeruzivo yakanyorwa, uye kuongororwa kwehunyanzvi nemuongorori weFAA. Nhamba chaiyo inowanzo kuve yakakwira. Vadzidzi vanodzidzira nguva dzose, pane kutambanudza zvidzidzo kwemwedzi yakawanda, vanopedza nekukurumidza uye vanochengeta zvakawanda.

Florida Flyers Flight Academy inovaka chirongwa chayo che kudzidziswa kwekutyaira ndege kwakazvimirira maererano nechokwadi ichocho. Kuronga nguva yakazara, ndege yakatsaurirwa, uye kugadzirira rwendo rwekumhanya kwakavakirwa muchirongwa chekuongorora zvinoreva kuti vadzidzi vanosvika pabvunzo yavo yekushanda vakagadzirira, vasina tariro.

Rezinesi rekutyaira ndege rakazvimirira ndiro hwaro nekuti ndiro gwaro rekutanga rinoita kuti kubhururuka kubatsire zvechokwadi. Ndiyo zvakare chinodiwa pane zvese zvinotevera. Chitupa chega chega chaunotevera chinozotevera, saka mhando yekudzidziswa kwako kwekutanga ndiyo inosarudza kuti mamwe madanho anofamba zvakanaka sei.

Kuyera Zvishandiso neMainjini Akawanda: Kuwedzera Kugona

Mareti ndiwo musiyano uripo pakati pemutyairi wendege anogona kubhururuka mumamiriro ekunze akanaka neanogona kubhururuka nenguva yakatarwa. Izvi zvinowedzerwa kune zvitupa, kwete marezenisi akasiyana, asi zvinowanzokosha kupfuura chitupa pachacho pakufambira mberi kwebasa. mhando dzakasiyana dzemarezinesi ekutyaira ndege uye kuyera chimwe nechimwe chinoumba hunyanzvi hwemutyairi wendege zvakasiyana, uye izvi zviviri ndizvo zvinoparadzanisa vanofarira zvemitambo kubva kune nyanzvi.

Kuongororwa kweZvishandiso: Kubhururuka Pasina Kuonekwa

Kuongororwa kwezvishandiso kunobvumira kubhururuka chete nekutarisa kumidziyo yemukamuri remutyairi, zvichibvisa mitemo yekubhururuka inodiwa kuti denga rive rakajeka. Kudzidziswa kunowanzoita kuti ndege ifambe kwemaawa makumi mana pamwe nemaawa gumi nemashanu nemudzidzisi. Mubairo wekukwanisa kubhururuka mumakore uye kusaona zvakanaka, izvo zvisingadikanwi kune chero basa rekutengeserana.

Kuongororwa Kwemainjini Akawanda: Kugona Kupfuura Imwe Throttle

Kuongororwa kweinjini dzakawanda kunoita kuti mutyairi wendege akwanise kushandisa ndege dzine injini dzinopfuura imwe chete, izvo zvinoshandura zvachose calculus yekukundikana. Kushanda kweinjini imwe chete kunotonga zvese, uye kudzidziswa kunonyanya kutarisisa maitiro ekudzima injini asingakanganwiki kana akaitwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Mazhinji endege nemakambani ekubhadhara ndege ane injini dzakawanda, saka kuongororwa uku kunodiwa kwete CV.

Nei Kuongororwa Uku Kuchikosha Pabasa

Mabasa ekutyaira ndege anoda mareti ese ari maviri, uye makambani endege anotarisira kuti aatorerwe pamberi pekubvunzurudzwa kwekutanga. Kuongororwa kwezvishandiso kunoratidza kuti mutyairi wendege anogona kubata sisitimu yeIFR inoshandiswa nemabasa ese akarongwa. Kuongororwa kweinjini dzakawanda kunoratidza hunyanzvi mukirasi yendege inotonga indasitiri. Hapana kuongororwa kwega kunoita kuti mutyairi wendege akwanise kushanda, asi kushaya chero imwe chete kunovhara mikana yakawanda.

Kutevedzana Kwekudzidzisa Kunoshanda

Nzira yakajairika inovaka chiyero chezvishandiso kutanga, kwozotevera chiyero chezvishandiso zvemainjini akawanda, nekuti hunyanzvi hwezvishandiso hunoendeswa zvakananga kundege dzine mainjini akawanda. Kudzidziswa kwese kunogona kupedzwa muchirongwa chakarongeka pasina kunonoka kunotambudza kudzidziswa kwakarongwa wega. Vatyairi vendege vanounganidza ma ratings aya netsamba yavo yekutengeserana vanochengetedza nguva nemari.

Rezenisi Yekutyaira Kwendege Yekutengesa: Kubhadharwa Kuti Ubhururuke Nendege

Rezinesi rekutyaira ndege rekutengesa rinoshandura equation zvachose. Chitupa chega chega chinoratidza kuti unogona kubhururuka zvakachengeteka. Chitupa chekutengesa chinoratidza kuti unogona kubhururuka nehunyanzvi, uye musiyano iwoyo unokosha mari chaiyo.

Nzira yekutyaira ndege yega inoguma kana mumwe munhu akazvipira kubhadhara ndege. Muripo werudzi rwupi zvarwo hausi wechokwadi, zvinoreva kuti awa yega yega inodarika chitupa inyaya yemari, kwete mari yekudyara. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoita kuti vatyairi vendege vane pfungwa dzebasa vaone PPL senzira yekutsika kwete nzvimbo yekuenda.

Rezenisi rekutengeserana rinobvisa chipingamupinyi ichocho. Ndege dzekuhaya, kutora mifananidzo yemudenga, kufamba-famba kwepaipi, uye kudzidziswa kwekubhururuka zvese zvinoonekwa kana chitupa chawanikwa. Kudzidziswa uku kunoda zvakawanda: kuraira kwakadzama kwekufamba-famba, kufamba kwakarurama, uye nhanho yekuita sarudzo iyo vaongorori vanoongorora nguva dzese. Kupasa bvunzo kunoratidza kuti unogona kutakura vafambi vanobhadhara.

Nzira dzebasa dzinosiyana kubva pano. Vamwe vatyairi vendege vanovaka maawa ekudzidzisa, ndosaka CFI rating ichienderana nechitupa chekutengeserana. Vamwe vanotevera nguva yeturbine kuburikidza nekushanda kwecharter kana kudhonza banner. Nzira yega yega ine chinangwa chimwe chete: kusvika maawa endege chiuru nemazana mashanu ayo kambani yendege inorayira vashandi vatsva.

Chinodiwa cheawa iyoyo ndicho chikonzero chaicho chinoita kuti CPL ikoshe. Haisi iyo nzvimbo yauri kuenda. Mota ndiyo inoita kuti ATP isvike, uye ATP ndiyo inovhura cockpit yendege.

Florida Flyers Flight Academy inoronga mapurogiramu ayo ekukurumidzisa zvichienderana nekufambira mberi uku. Kudzidziswa kwebhizinesi ndicho chinangwa chikuru, kwete kufunga nezveramangwana, zvinoreva kuti sirabhasi inosundira kugadzirira ndege kubva pachidzidzo chekutanga. Kune chero ani zvake akazvipira kubhururuka nehunyanzvi, rezinesi rekutyaira ndege yebhizinesi ndiro risingadzokeri. Chitupa chakavanzika chinokupa iwe mudenga. Ichi chinokupa mari.

Rezinesi reKufambisa Ndege: Pamusoro peMatanho

Chitupa cheATP hachisi mugumo wekudzidziswa kwemutyairi wendege. Ndiko kutanga kwebasa remutyairi wendege, uye chinodzokorora zvese zvakadzidzwa kare. Awa yega yega yaunopinda mundege inosvika 1,500 inodiwa iawa imwe chete inopedzerwa uchigadzirira rudzi rwakasiyana rwekubhururuka zvachose.

Zvinodiwa hazvikanganwirwi. Munhu anofanirwa kunge aine makore makumi maviri nematatu ekuberekwa ane maawa chiuru nemazana mashanu ekufamba nendege, pamwe nekupasa bvunzo dzeATP dzakanyorwa uye dzinoshanda. Bvunzo yakanyorwa chete inofukidza misoro iyo vazhinji vevatyairi vendege vasina kumbobvira vadzidza, mamiriro ekunze ari munzvimbo dzakakwirira, kufamba kwemhepo kwakaoma, uye maitiro ekushanda kwendege anoda nhanho itsva yedzidzo yakasimba.

Kune mhando mbiri dzezvitupa zveATP: zvakajairwa uye zvakaganhurirwa. Shanduro yakaganhurirwa, inowanzonzi R-ATP, inoderedza nguva inodiwa kune vakapedza kudzidza muzvirongwa zveyunivhesiti kana nzira dzekudzidzira zvechiuto. Chitupa chakajairwa chinoda maawa akazara chiuru nemazana mashanu uye chinoramba chiri chiyero chinoshandiswa nendege pakuongorora vashandi vatsva.

Musiyano uyu unokosha kupfuura zvinofungwa nevatyairi vazhinji. R-ATP inogona kupinza mutyairi wendege panzvimbo yakakodzera munguva pfupi iri kutevera, asi chitupa chakajairwa chinovhura mikana kune vatakuri vakuru vasina mitemo inotarwa nenguva. Kunzwisisa musiyano uripo pakati penzira mbiri idzi chikamu chehurongwa hwakakura. Zvinodiwa zverezenisi yeATP izvo zvinoumba gwara rebasa remutyairi wendege.

Zvinorehwa nebasa zviri nyore. Ndege dzinorayira kuti vakuru vendege nevakuru vekutanga vawane chitupa cheATP, uye mutemo wekuti mapurisa ashande maawa chiuru nemazana mashanu haugone kutaurwa nezvawo kune vazhinji vanotora mapipeline. Mutyairi wendege anosvika padanho iri akachinja kubva pakubhururuka kwendege kuenda pakutarisira ndege, ATP igwaro rekutungamira rakavanzwa sechitupa chekutyaira.

Florida Flyers Flight Academy inoronga chirongwa chayo chebasa rendege zvichienderana nechokwadi ichi. Dzidzo inovakira kuATP kubva pachidzidzo chekutanga, ichitevedzana mareti nemaawa kuitira kuti vapedza kudzidza vasvike pamamaki e1,500 neruzivo nekugadzirira bvunzo kare. Chinangwa hachisi chekungozadzisa zvinodiwa, asi kupasa bvunzo yakanyorwa yeATP pakuedza kwekutanga.

PaATP ndipo panomira mhando dzemarezenisi ekutyaira ndege dzinenge dzisiri dzekodzero asi dzinotanga kuva nemhosva. Sarudzo yega yega iri kuruboshwe ine huremu husina chitupa chakakugadzirira kare. Mubvunzo hausi wekuti unogona kusvika padanho iri here, asi kuti uri kuvaka wakanangana naro nechinangwa.

Marezenisi Asina Kubudirira

Zvitupa zviviri zvinotaurwa muhurukuro yega yega pamusoro pemhando dzemarezenisi ekutyaira ndege, zvobva zvaraswa chinyararire nemunhu wese anoda kubhururuka. mitambo nemitambo yekuvaraidza Zvitupa zvinonzwika senzira dzekuderedza mutengo. Hazvisi. Zvese zviripo kune vanhu vanoda zvemitambo. chitupa chekutyaira chekuvaraidza inouya nemirau inoita kuti isashande kunze kwekunge rwendo rwekubhururuka rwekupera kwevhiki rwuri munharaunda.

• Munhu mumwe chete anofanirwa kukwira. Haugone kuendesa mhuri yako chero kupi.
• Masikati chete. Hapana kubhururuka husiku, chero nguva, pasi pechitupa ichi.
• Miganhu yekureba. FAA inotara kuti unogona kubhururuka kusvika papi kubva panhandare yendege yauri kubva.
• Zvirambidzo zvenzvimbo dzendege dzinodzorwa. Nhandare dzendege dzine vanhu vakawanda dzinova dzisingabvumidzwe kana pasina mamwe mashoko ekuwedzera.
• Ndege ine injini imwe chete chete. Hapana ndege dzakaoma kunzwisisa, hapana giya rinodzoserwa shure.
• Hapana muripo. Haugone kutombogovana mari yemafuta nemufambi.

Chitupa chemutambo chinotowedzera kudzika. Chinokuganhurira kuti ushandise ndege dzisina tambo, zvinoreva kumhanya zvishoma, dzimba diki, uye muganhu wekuti ungabhururuka kwenguva yakareba sei. Awa yega yega yakanyorwa haina basa kunze kwayo. Hapana kana chitupa chimwe nechimwe chinovaka nzira yekuenda kubasa rekutengeserana.

Vadzidzi vanotanga nzira iyi vanowanzo shandura kuita rezinesi repachivande mukati megore. Kuvandudzwa kwacho kunodhura zvakanyanya, asi kunobvisa zvirambidzo zvese zviri pamusoro apa uye kunovhura mukana wekudzidziswa kwezviridzwa, zvekutengeserana, uye zveATP.

Dzokai nzira yekutsauka. Rezinesi rekutyaira ndege rakazvimirira rinodhura zvakanyanya pakutanga, asi ndiyo yega nzvimbo yekupinda inoita kuti sarudzo dzese dzirambe dzakavhurika. Florida Flyers Flight Academy inovaka purogiramu yayo yekudzidzisa ine chekuita nebasa, saka zvitupa izvi zvidiki hazvimboonekwi muchirongwa chikuru. Tanga panotangira kubhururuka chaiko.

Masvomhu haawanzo shanda zvakanaka kana chitupa chakachipa. Mutyairi wendege anozovandudza mota yake anobhadhara kaviri, kamwe chete kana awana rezinesi rakaganhurirwa uye zvakare kana awana chitupa chakavanzika chaifanira kunge chiri chekutanga.

Mari iyoyo yakapetwa kaviri ndiyo musungo chaiwo uri kuvanda mukuenzanisa. Nzira yakavanzika haisi nzira iri nani chete. Ndiyo yega nzira isingazodi kutanga patsva.

Danho Rako Rinotevera Kuenda Kunzvimbo Yevatyairi Vemota

Mhando dzemarezenisi ekutyaira ndege dzava kuratidzika semenyu isinganyanyi kuvhiringa asi sesarudzo dzakarongwa nemaune. Chitupa chega chega chiripo kuti chishande pane chinangwa chaunoda, uye chakakodzera ndicho chinoenderana nekwaunoda kuenda.

Mwedzi wega wega unopedzerwa uchiyera sarudzo pachinzvimbo chekutamba mutambo mwedzi wekukura uye simba rinorasikirwa nemunhu akatanga nekukurumidza. Mutyairi wendege haapi mubayiro wekuzeza; anopa mubayiro wekugadzirira nekuzvipira.

Ongorora zvinangwa zvako nekuvimbika, wobva wafamba. Florida Flyers Flight Academy inovaka nzira dzekudzidzira dzakatenderedza sarudzo iyi, kubva pakutanga wega kusvika pamagwaro ekugadzirira ndege. Chitupa chinotevera chaunowana chinofanira kunge chiri icho basa rako rinoda chaizvo.