FAA Medical Guide

FAA zvinodiwa pakurapa: Semutyairi wendege ane ruzivo kana kuti ane ruzivo, unofanirwa kuziva kukosha kwekugara uine hutano hwakakwana kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa mumatenga. Iyo Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inoisa zvakanangana zvekurapa zvinodiwa, uye kuwana chitupa chekurapa inhanho yakakosha murwendo rwako rwendege. Iri gwara rakazara rinokubatsira iwe kuti unzwisise akasiyana marudzi evatyairi vekurapa, kugadzirisa zvinowanzoitika zvekurapa, uye nekupa matipi anobatsira uye zviwanikwa zvebasa rako rekubhururuka.

Nhanganyaya kune Federal Aviation Administration pilot medicals

Iyo FAA ndiro dare rinodzora rine mutoro wekudzora nhandare yendege mukati meUnited States. Rimwe remabasa avo anokosha nderekuona kuti vatyairi vendege vazadzisa mwero wakati wezvokurapa. Iyo FAA inogadza aya mazinga kuburikidza nenhevedzano yezvitupa zvekurapa zvinodiwa, izvo zvakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka uye kugara zvakanaka kwevatyairi nevatyairi.

Kuti vawane chitupa chekurapa, vatyairi vendege vanofanirwa kuongororwa zvekurapa neanotemerwa Aviation Medical Examiner (AME). Mazamanishoni aya anoongorora hutano hwemutyairi wendege, kusanganisira kugara zvakanaka kwemuviri nepfungwa. Iri gwara richaongorora mune akasiyana FAA mishonga, kutendeseka kwavo, uye zvinodikanwa kune akasiyana siyana ekutyaira.

Kunzwisisa marudzi akasiyana e FAA mishonga

Kune akati wandei emhando dzeFAA zvitupa zvekurapa, imwe neimwe iine zvayo zvinodiwa uye neropafadzo. Izvi zvitupa zvakaiswa muBasic Med, Chekutanga-kirasi, Chechipiri-kirasi, uye Yetatu-kirasi. Ngatinyatsoongororai mhando yega yega.

a. Basic Med

Basic Med inzira nyowani kune yechinyakare FAA zvitupa zvekurapa. Yakaunzwa muna 2017 kuti ipe sarudzo inoshanduka uye inowanikwa kune vatyairi vendege. Kuti uve unofanirwa neBasic Med, vatyairi vendege vanofanirwa kubata rezinesi rekutyaira reUS, vanga vaine chitupa chekurapa chero nhanho mushure meChikunguru 14, 2006, uye vanopedza kosi yedzidzo yekurapa yepamhepo makore maviri ega ega. Pamusoro pezvo, vatyairi vendege vanofanirwa kuongororwa muviri nachiremba ane rezinesi rehurumende makore mana ega ega.

b. First-kirasi

Chekutanga-kirasi chetifiketi chekurapa ndiyo yepamusoro nhanho yechitupa uye inodiwa kune vatyairi vanoshanda sevatyairi vendege (ATP) kana avo vari kutsvaga kutora chitupa cheATP. Ichi chitupa chine zvakanyanya kuomesesa zvinodiwa zvekurapa, zvinosanganisira chaiwo mwero wekuona, kunzwa, hutano hwemoyo, uye hutano hwepfungwa.

c. Chechipiri-kirasi

Chechipiri-kirasi yekurapa zvitupa zvinodikanwa kune vekutengesa vatyairi vasina chitupa cheATP. Ichi chitupa chine zvishoma zvakaomesesa zvinodiwa pane Chekutanga-kirasi setifiketi asi ichiramba ichichengetedza yakakwira zviyero zvehutano hwese.

d. Chechitatu-kirasi

Chechitatu-kirasi yekurapa chitupa ndiyo inonyanya kukosha nhanho yechitupa uye inodiwa kune vega vatyairi vendege, vatyairi vevaraidzo, uye vatyairi vechikoro. Zvinodiwa zvekurapa zvechitupa ichi hazvina kuomarara pane Chekutanga- kana Chechipiri-kirasi zvitupa, zvichiita kuti ive iyo inonyanya kuwanikwa sarudzo kune vakawanda vanoda vatyairi vendege.

FAA chitupa chekurapa chechokwadi nguva

Imwe neimwe mhando yechitupa chekurapa cheFAA ine yakatarwa nguva yechokwadi, panguva iyo mutyairi anogona kushandisa rombo rakanaka rine chekuita nechitupa chavo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise nguva idzi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chitupa chako chekurapa chinoramba chiri kushanda kune ako ekubhururuka.

1. First-class:
   • Pasi pemakore makumi mana: 40 mwedzi wekarenda
   • 40 makore zvichikwira: 6 kalendari mwedzi
2. Second-class:
   • Mazera ese: 12 mwedzi wekarenda
3. Chechitatu-kirasi:
   • Pasi pemakore makumi mana: 40 mwedzi wekarenda
   • 40 makore zvichikwira: 24 kalendari mwedzi
4. Basic Med:
   • Mazera ese: 48 mwedzi wekarenda yekuongororwa kwemuviri, 24 mwedzi wekarenda yekosi yedzidzo yekurapa yepamhepo

Ndiani anoda chitupa chekurapa cheFAA?

Vese vatyairi vendege, zvisinei nezera ravo reruzivo kana rudzi rwekubhururuka, vanofanirwa kuwana gwaro rekurapa reFAA. Vadzidzi, varaidzo, uye vatyairi vendege vanoda Chitupa chekurapa chechitatu, nepo vatyairi vendege vanoda Chitupa chechipiri. Vatyairi vendege, kana avo vari kutsvaga kuve mumwe, vanofanirwa kubata Chekutanga-kirasi chitupa chekurapa.

Basic Med ndiyo imwe sarudzo yevatyairi vendege vanozadzisa zvinodiwa uye vanoshuvira kubhururuka pasi pemamiriro akatsanangurwa neFAA, kusanganisira zvirambidzo zvehuremu hwendege uye vanopfuura vashanu.

Kugadzirisa zvinonetsa zvekurapa

Vatyairi vendege vanowanzo netsekana nezve mamwe mamiriro ekurapa anogona kukanganisa kugona kwavo kuwana kana kuchengetedza gwaro rekurapa reFAA. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvinonetsa zvekurapa:

a. FAA chirwere cheshuga

Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kuva chimiro chekusakodzera mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Zvisinei, vatyairi vendege vane chirwere cheshuga vanotungamirirwa nezvokudya, maekisesaizi, kana kuti nemishonga yokunwa vangave vachiri vakakodzera kuwana gwaro rokurapwa. Insulin-inotsamira diabetes vatyairi vanogona kuwana yakakosha kupihwa mvumo, iyo inovabvumira kubhururuka pasi pemamiriro chaiwo uye nekutarisa zvinodiwa.

b. FAA yekurapa ruvara upofu

Kusaona ruvara kana kuti kusaona ruvara kunogona kutadzisa mutyairi wendege kukwanisa kusiyanisa mavara, izvo zvinokosha pakududzira machati endege, zviratidzo, uye magetsi. Vatyairi vendege vane hupofu hwemavara vanogona kunge vachiri kukodzera kuwana chitupa chekurapa kana vakakwanisa kupasa imwe bvunzo yekuona ruvara kana kuratidza kugona kwavo kuita mabasa emuchadenga anovimba nekuona kweruvara.

c. FAA mishonga yekurapa

Mimwe mishonga inogona kunge isingakodzeri kana kuti inoda kutariswa zvakanyanya kana uchinge wawana chitupa cheFAA chekurapa. Zvakakosha kukurukura chero mishonga yauri kutora neAviation Medical Examiner (AME) yako panguva yekuongororwa kwechiremba kuti uone kana ichienderana nekubhururuka.

FAA zvinodikanwa zvekurapa zveakasiyana mapilot mapoka

Izvo zvinodiwa zvekurapa zveFAA zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechitupa chekutyaira chauri kutsvaga. Ngationgororei izvi zvinodiwa kune akasiyana mapilot mapoka.

a. Private pilot

Vatyairi vendege vakazvimiririra vanoda Chitupa cheChitatu chekurapa, chinoongorora hutano hwavo hwese, kuona, kunzwa, uye kugara kwavo kwepfungwa. Ongororo iyi inovimbisa kuti vatyairi vezvikepe vanogona kushandisa ndege zvakachengeteka pasina kuisa njodzi kune ivo kana vamwe.

b. Chiyero rating

Vatyairi vendege vari kutsvaga chipiro chezviridzwa vanofanira kunge vaine chitupa chekurapa cheThird-class. Zvinodiwa pakurapa zvakafanana nezvevatyairi vendege vega, sezvo chiyero chezviridzwa chiri chimwe chiyero chevatyairi vega kana vekutengesa.

c. Commercial pilot

Vatyairi vezvekutengesa vanodiwa kuti vave neSecond-class medical certificate. Ichi chitupa chine mazinga ekurapa epamusoro kupfuura echitatu-kirasi setifiketi, ine zvakaomesesa zvinodiwa zvekuona uye hutano hwese.

d. Mutyairi Wendege Yekutakura (ATP)

Vatyairi veATP vanofanirwa kubata Chekutanga-kirasi chitupa chekurapa, icho chine zvakanyanya kuomarara zvinodiwa pakurapa pakati pese FAA zvitupa zvekurapa. Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinovimbisa kuti vatyairi veATP vanogona kushanda zvakachengeteka ndege huru, yakaoma munzvimbo inoda.

EASA zvekurapa zvekurapa

Kunyange gwaro iri rakanangana nemishonga yeFAA, zvakakosha kuti vatyairi vendege vari kutsvaga basa kunze kweUnited States kuti vazive nezveEuropean Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) zvinodiwa pakurapa.

a. Mhando dzeEASA mishonga

EASA mishonga yezvokurapa inoiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: Kirasi 1 yezvokutengeserana uye yeATP vatyairi, Kirasi 2 yevatyairi vega, uye LAPL (Light Aircraft Pilot License) yevatyairi venhandaro.

b. EASA mishonga yechokwadi nguva

Iko kushanda kweEASA mishonga inosiyanawo zvichienderana nerudzi rwechitupa uye zera remutyairi:

1. Kirasi 1:
   • Pasi pemakore makumi mana: 60 mwedzi wekarenda
   • 60 makore zvichikwira: 6 kalendari mwedzi
2. Kirasi 2:
   • Pasi pemakore makumi mana: 40 mwedzi wekarenda
   • 40-49 makore: 24 kalenda mwedzi
   • 50 makore zvichikwira: 12 kalendari mwedzi
3. LAPL:
   • Pasi pemakore makumi mana: 40 mwedzi wekarenda
   • 40 makore zvichikwira: 24 kalendari mwedzi

Mazano ekutora nekuchengetedza zvitupa zvekurapa zvevatyairi

1. Rongedza kuongororwa kwako kwechiremba nguva isati yasvika kana chitupa chako chazvino chaiswa kuti chipere, sezvo kugadzwa neAME kunogona kuzadza nekukurumidza.
2. Gara wakagadziridzwa pane shanduko kuFAA mirau yekurapa uye zvinodiwa.
3. Ramba uine mararamiro ane utano, kusanganisira kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, kudya kwakakwana, uye kurara zvakakwana.
4. Kurukura chero zvinonetsa zvekurapa kana shanduko muhutano hwako neAME yako usati waongororwa.
5. Kana iwe uine chirwere chekurapa chisingabvumirwe, bvunza wako AME kana muongorori wezvekurapa wendege kuti aongorore sarudzo dzekupihwa kwakakosha kana kusasununguka.

Zvishandiso zvekutungamira chitupa chekurapa

1. FAA's Guide yeAviation Medical Examiners: https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/aam/ame/guide/
2. AOPA's Pilot Dziviriro Services: https://www.aopa.org/go-fly/medical-resources/pilot-protection-services
3. Pilot Medical Solutions: https://www.leftseat.com/

Inofungidzirwa mutengo: 130 USD

mhedziso

Kunzwisisa iyo Federal Aviation Administration marudzi emutyairi wekurapa kwakakosha pabasa rako rendege. Semutyairi wendege, hutano hwako uye kugara zvakanaka kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwevose vari mundege yako. Gara uchiziva, chengetedza mararamiro ane hutano, uye shingairira kugadzirisa chero matambudziko ekurapa. Negwaro iri, wakanyatsoshongedzerwa kufamba munyika yeFAA zvitupa zvekurapa uye unakirwe nebasa rakabudirira uye rinogutsa mumatenga.

Taura nesu kana kufonera Florida Flyers Team pa + 1 904 209 3510 kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve FAA zvinodiwa zvekurapa.